CN104855330B - Closed circulating aquaculture system suitable for multilayer stereoscopic cultivation of abalone - Google Patents
Closed circulating aquaculture system suitable for multilayer stereoscopic cultivation of abalone Download PDFInfo
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- CN104855330B CN104855330B CN201510334050.8A CN201510334050A CN104855330B CN 104855330 B CN104855330 B CN 104855330B CN 201510334050 A CN201510334050 A CN 201510334050A CN 104855330 B CN104855330 B CN 104855330B
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 63
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- 241001489138 Haliotis diversicolor Species 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/065—Heating or cooling devices
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the aquaculture engineering field, and particularly relates to a closed circulating aquaculture system suitable for multilayer stereoscopic cultivation of abalone. The circulating aquaculture system suitable for the multilayer stereoscopic cultivation of the abalone is characterized in that a plurality of aquaculture tanks are installed on a support, a plurality of wave generation hoppers hinged on the support are arranged above each aquaculture tank, the interior of each aquaculture tank is divided into a plurality of tank bodies which are communicated, one water outlet side of each aquaculture tank is communicated with a filter tank, the lower portion of each filter tank is a sewage collection tank, a filter device is arranged on the upper portion of each filter tank, all the filter tanks are respectively communicated with a temperature regulation box with a heat exchanger installed inside, the heat exchanger is communicated with a refrigerator, temperature of seawater is controlled through the refrigerator and the heat exchanger, a water pump, a foam separator, a biological tank and an oxygen cone are sequentially communicated with the temperature regulation box, the foam separator is communicated with a jet injector, and an aeration disk communicated with an air pump us arranged in the biological tank. The circulating aquaculture system suitable for the multilayer stereoscopic cultivation of the abalone has the advantages of continuously reusing aquatic water, being capable of controlling temperature, manually generating waves, achieving rapid and thorough water purification treatment, being convenient to operate, saving energy and protecting environment and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquacultural engineering field, specifically a kind of to be suitable to enter the Bao of not of the same race and different size
The closed recirculating cultivating system that row high density, layer stereo, health are cultivated and cultivated.
Background technology
In nature, Bao likes to inhabit the reef area that current are limpid, have wave stroke, so as to obtain the dissolving of abundance
Oxygen, the probability for escaping predation and increase capture food organisms；And be rarely employed in breeding production and make unrestrained device to simulate nature
Environmental condition.The wave that there are some researches show natural waterses to the growth of New Zealand rainbow Bao (Haliotis iris) and can be deposited
Life birth life affects, and by man wave come the research of simulating natural environment in the indoor industrially circulating water culture system of Bao
Have not been reported.Temperature is important envirment factor, and it can directly or indirectly affect ingesting, grow, developing, surviving for Bao
Deng while the physiology, biochemical and immunity also on Bao produces impact.Bao not of the same race has different tolerance limits to temperature, and same
The different growth and development stages for planting Bao are also different to the tolerance limit of temperature；Such as haliotis discus hannai Ino (Haliotis discus
Hannai) suitable growth temperature of young Bao is 18～22 DEG C, the suitable life of Haliotis diversicolor (Haliotis diversicolor) young Bao
Long temperature is then 22～26 DEG C, and Australian black lip Bao (Haliotis rubra) is 23～25 into the suitable growth temperature of Bao
DEG C, maximum tolerable temperature range is 9-35 DEG C, and the tolerable temperature scope of the young Bao of black lip Bao (H.rubra) is 13～32 DEG C.
Therefore based on Bao not of the same race and Bao of the same race difference difference of the growth and development stage to temperature tolerance range so that water in breeding process
A kind of inevitable choice for becoming resources conservation, environmental friendliness culture fishery that temperature is adjustable, controllable.
The important kind of Bao Zuowei sea-farmings, because its nutritive value is abundant, delicious flavour, abalone shell have functions that improving eyesight again,
So being described as, first of marine products eight delicacies, have the title of ocean " soft gold ", it is the important precious marine product aquaculture kind of China.In recent years,
The abalone culture industry of China flourishes, and cultured output ranks first place in the world, national abalone culture yield in 2012 for a long time
90,000 tons are broken through, the characteristic sea-farming industry for surpassing 10,000,000,000 yuan has been formed.While abalone culture industry is fast-developing, abalone culture
Disease problem in journey is also increasingly highlighted, and cultivation mortality rate is raised year by year.Additionally, the natural disaster such as red tide, typhoon also gives Carnis Haliotidiss
Aquaculture brings tremendous influence.5～June in 2012, in Fujian Province, the Disaster And Prevention Measures of Red Tides of large-scale outbreak just gives abalone culture industry
Bring huge loss.Summer High-Temperature Times, the mortality of southern Bao are also caused to industry and are had a strong impact on.Simultaneously by consumption city
The sales volume severe atrophy of the high-grade marine product such as the impact of field, Carnis Haliotidiss, several years ago the blind expansion of abalone culture industry causes to produce in addition
Can be superfluous, Carnis Haliotidiss price continued downturn since 2013.Through the eruptive growth of six, seven years, Bao produced and had been absorbed in already for many years not
The low ebb of chance, industry face the situation reintegrated and shuffle.
Currently, limit the reason for realizing the sustainable development of abalone culture industry and be mainly manifested in the following aspects：1. certainly
So sea environment pollution aggravation, the area of suitable mariculture area are being gradually reduced；2. southern paroxysmal typhoon and red tide etc. from
So disaster easily brings unexpected crushing loss to abalone culture industry；3. breeding way is extensive, and labor cost gradually rises
It is high；4. disease takes place frequently, and disease cannot get quick effective control；5. the operation such as harvesting, bait throwing in inconvenience, breeding facility are simple and crude；6. it is " northern
Miao Nan is supported ", the periodicity cost of transportation of " Nan Miaobei support " increases.Therefore, how to solve these distinct issues becomes abalone culture
The key that industry develops in a healthy way.And closed recirculating is cultivated as a kind of brand-new aquaculture model, many environmental factorss are breached
Restriction, possess good economical, societal benefits.Considerable facility, equipment have been concentrated in closed recirculating cultivation, possess various
Technological means, make aquatic products in a relatively controllable water body environment, and the one kind being under higher-strength production status is new
Type aquaculture model.For comparing traditional aquaculture model, its advantage is mainly manifested in：1. reduce water resource to utilize and sewage row
Put；2. exotic diseases infection and water pollution risk are reduced；3. seed safety and product quality are ensured；4. realize accurately, certainly
Dynamicization is managed and control, reduces labor intensity while improve production efficiency.But for the indoor industrially recirculated water of Bao
High density culture system is but rarely reported.
The content of the invention
For the technical deficiency of traditional aquaculture model, it is an object of the invention to provide one kind is suitable to the cultivation of Bao layer stereo
Closed recirculating cultivating system.The cultivating system is suitable to the Bao Jinhang high density to not of the same race and different size, solid, health
Cultivate and cultivate.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
The present invention include breeding trough, Rose Box, controlled temperature cabinet, heat exchanger, refrigeration machine, water pump, foam separator, jet pump,
Biological tank, aeration plate, air pump, oxygen are bored, make wave bucket and support, are provided with multiple breeding troughs on its medium-height trestle, and each is described foster
Grow be equipped with above groove it is multiple be hinged on support make unrestrained bucket；Multiple being connected is divided into inside each described breeding trough
Cell body, the side of each breeding trough water outlet are communicated with the Rose Box, and the bottom of the Rose Box is sewage sump, and top was provided with
Filter device；Each Rose Box is connected with the internal controlled temperature cabinet equipped with heat exchanger respectively, and the heat exchanger is communicated with refrigeration machine,
Ocean temperature is controlled by the refrigeration machine and heat exchanger；The water pump, foam separator, biological tank and oxygen cone be sequentially communicated in
Controlled temperature cabinet, the foam separator are communicated with jet pump, are provided with the aeration plate connected with air pump in the biological tank；The homoiothermic
Sea water in case after filter box filtration is pumped out by the water pump, passes through the jet pump successively in the foam separator
The bubble separation dirt of conveying, filter in the biological tank, liquid oxygen supplemented in oxygen cone, supplement the sea water after liquid oxygen and pass through
Making in wave bucket above water inlet pipe flow to breeding trough each described, is each described breeding trough by each upset for making wave bucket
Sea water is provided.
Wherein：Apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection is parallel with pipeline between the water pump and foam separator, and it is ultraviolet at this
Control pipe is respectively equipped with pipeline in the input of line decontaminating apparatuss, the pipeline at output two ends and between water pump and foam separator
The valve of way switch；The inside of each breeding trough is divided into multiple cell bodies, each cultivation by multiple cultivation dividing plates
The hole that for sea water pass through is provided with dividing plate；Each breeding trough is rack-mount up and down with stratiform, the groove of the breeding trough
Body is dark colour, and is provided with discharge outlet in water outlet side, and the side of each breeding trough water outlet is equipped with one and is arranged on
Rose Box on frame, the discharge outlet on each described breeding trough are connected with a Rose Box；
For filtering swash plate, the filtration swash plate is one or more to the defecator of the Rose Box internal upper part, is obliquely installed
In the top of the sewage sump；Multiple holes are provided with the filtration swash plate, and lay the biochemistry of different pore size on swash plate is filtered
Cotton；The swash plate that filters is inclined to the opposite direction of current from the bottom to top, on the filtration swash plate aperture of biochemical cotton from the bottom to top by
Gradual change is big；In the Rose Box, the bottom of bottom sewage sump is provided with the blowoff valve of cleaning garbage；
The water inlet of the foam separator is located at top, and outlet is located at bottom, and the jet pump is located at foam separation
Between water inlet and outlet outside device；Bottom of the aeration plate in biological tank, at the top of outside biological tank
Air pump be connected；In the biological tank, cloth is placed with biologic packing material；The top for making wave bucket above each described breeding trough is all provided with
There is water inlet pipe, being equipped with every water inlet pipe and wave bucket quantity identical water nozzle is made with lower section, each water inlet pipe is communicated in the oxygen
The outlet of gas coning；The end face for making wave bucket is trapezoidal, and the one end at trapezoidal upper bottom is articulated with the support, the one end gone to the bottom
For opening.
Advantages of the present invention with good effect is：
1. temperature-controllable.The present invention utilizes refrigeration machine and heat exchanger, by the water temperature of a whole set of cultivating system carry out precisely,
Quick regulation and control；For Bao not of the same race and Bao of the same race difference requirement of the growth and development stage to temperature, the temperature for selecting setting suitable
Degree, simulating natural environment, growth for Bao and survival provide necessary environmental condition, realize the high density of Bao seed, big specification,
Efficiently cultivate with health.
2. interference is weak, and labor cost is reduced.The present invention using refreshing the water periodically and supplement new water to breeding trough, residual bait,
The modes such as the Self-dischargeds such as feces, Jing physical filterings, biofiltration, effectively remove water solublity harmful substance, improve water body environment,
Simultaneously avoid the demand for changing the operation such as water, blowdown to labour force, and can also reduce that artificial operation brought to Bao stress be anti-
Should, it is to avoid affect the growth of Bao.
3. arrange flexible, operating process is simple, space and cost are saved in multi-level cultivation.The present invention is multiple not by setting
Same component, realizes the flexible operating of cultivating system, and each independent assembly can be carried out assembled dismounting；Additionally, can basis
Need to arrange the cultivation of three-dimensional, layer stereo, save space and cost.
4. man is unrestrained.The toggle frequency for making wave bucket can further be regulated and controled by the regulation and control of discharge.By man wave,
The water environment of similar natural waterses not only can be provided for Bao, constantly dissolved oxygen can also be supplemented for system, by residual bait feces etc.
Dirt rushes at sewage draining exit, accelerates waste scavenging, improves water treatment efficiency.
5. ultraviolet radiation for sterilizing and disinfecting.Before waste water Jing drain pipies in cultivating system of the present invention enter foam separator, can
Through apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection；Needed for the apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection, the exposure dose of quartz burner, ultraviolet irradiation time can
Set according to Living space and water quality situation, meet sterilizing, the demand for purifying water.
6. energy-conserving and environment-protective.The present invention is closed recirculating cultivating system, without daily a large amount of supplementary fresh seawaters, it is to avoid water
Continuously draw water from the off-lying sea electric cost that brings of pump rises, it is only necessary to periodically carry out moisturizing to system according to evaporation capacity, while also
The ability of the disasters such as abalone culture industry reply typhoon, red tide, water pollution can be strengthened；It is daily only to carry out thoroughly cleaning to biochemical cotton,
Periodic cleaning sewage sump and foam separator bottom residues, not only greatly reduce the discharge of breeding wastewater, while also mitigating
Pollution to natural environment.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Rose Box in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of breeding trough in Fig. 1；
Wherein：1 is breeding trough, and 2 are cultivation dividing plate, and 3 is discharge outlet, and 4 is Rose Box, and 5 for filtering swash plate, and 6 is sewage sump,
7 is blowoff valve, and 8 is drain pipe, and 9 is controlled temperature cabinet, and 10 is heat exchanger, and 11 is refrigeration machine, and 12 is water pump, and 13 fill for disinfection by ultraviolet light
Put, 14 is foam separator, and 15 is jet pump, and 16 are biological tank, and 17 is aeration plate, and 18 is air pump, and 19 is oxygen cylinder, and 20 is oxygen
Gas coning, 21 is water inlet pipe, and 22 for making unrestrained bucket, and 23 is water nozzle, and 24 is support.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the present invention include breeding trough 1, Rose Box 4, blowoff valve 7, drain pipe 8, controlled temperature cabinet 9, heat exchanger 10,
Refrigeration machine 11, water pump 12, foam separator 14, jet pump 15, biological tank 16, aeration plate 17, air pump 18, oxygen cylinder 19, oxygen
Bore 20, water inlet pipe 21, make wave bucket 22 and support 24, multiple breeding troughs 1 are installed on its medium-height trestle 24, each breeding trough 1 is with stratiform
It is arranged on support 24 up and down, breeding trough 1 can be two～five layers；Breeding trough 1 can be rectangle or approximate rectangle, circular shape
Shape (, cultivation cell body is set to dark colour (can be black or Dark grey), and material is that fiberglass, PVC (polrvinyl chloride) or PE are (poly-
Ethylene), and other nontoxic materials, to adapt to ecology, the habit feature of Bao.The breeding trough 1 of the present embodiment be two,
It is divided into upper and lower two-layer, two 1 shapes of breeding trough are identical, are rectangle, each cultivation cell body volume is 0.43m3, it is whole to cultivate
System total height is 2.4m, is separated upper and lower two breeding troughs 1 by support 24, is easy to bait throwing in, cleaning etc. to operate.
As shown in figure 3, in each breeding trough 1 by 2 points of cultivation dividing plate be lay in multiple cell bodies, each cell body it is young
Bao, punches on each cultivation dividing plate 2, so that sea water flows through.The present embodiment is divided into three parts in each breeding trough 1, in
Between with cultivation dividing plate 2 separate；Cultivation dividing plate 2 is fixed on cell body both sides by clamp, can random installing/dismounting, so as to avoid Bao
It is attached to each other, in a certain region, impact is attached to ingesting, moving and water body exchange for Bao, and then affects growth for high-density aggregation.
In this example, the length of breeding trough 1 is respectively 1.8m, 0.6m, 0.35m, and cell body volume is 0.43m3；Levels frame for cultivating
Spacing is 35cm；Cultivation the high, wide of dividing plate 2, thickness are followed successively by 0.3m, 0.55m, 0.5cm, cultivate the aperture punched on dividing plate 2
For 0.5cm.
Side (right side in Fig. 1) bottom of each 1 water outlet of breeding trough is provided with discharge outlet 3, each 1 water outlet of breeding trough
Side is equipped with a Rose Box 4 being arranged on support 24, and the 3 equal Jing elbows of discharge outlet on each breeding trough 1 are directly with one
Individual Rose Box 4 is connected.Each 4 shape and structure of Rose Box is identical, as shown in Fig. 2 it is divided into two parts in Rose Box 4, on
Portion is defecator, and the defecator of the present embodiment is the filtration swash plate 5 for laying different pore size biochemistry cotton, filters swash plate 5 and can be
One or more (the present embodiment is two pieces), is fixed on the two ends inside Rose Box, two pieces of filtration 5 phases of swash plate by clamp respectively
It is mutually parallel, incline to the opposite direction of current from the bottom to top.Filter per block void level is laid by big along water inlet direction on swash plate 5
To little biochemical cotton, primary physical filtration is carried out successively；The aperture of biochemical cotton is descending, and (aperture on top is big, the hole of bottom
Footpath is little), level is filtered.Bottom in Rose Box 4 is sewage sump 6, and there is opening the bottom of sewage sump 6 is provided with blowoff valve 7, fixed
Phase opens blowoff valve 7 and can clear up the deposition waste discharge Rose Box 4 for being deposited on sewage sump 6.In this example, the volume of Rose Box 4
About 0.13m3, the aperture for filtering swash plate 5 is 2cm, and two spacing filtered between swash plate 5 are 10cm, with horizontal direction angle are
60 °, the volume for filtering the sewage sump 6 below swash plate 5 is about 0.04m3。
Each Rose Box 4 is connected with controlled temperature cabinet 9 respectively by drain pipe 8, and the sea water of Jing primary filters is from each Rose Box 4
Top is overflowed, and enters controlled temperature cabinet 9 along drain pipe 8.Controlled temperature cabinet is provided with heat exchanger 10 in 9 bottom, and the heat exchanger 10 is adjusted with being located at
Refrigeration machine 11 outside incubator 9 is connected, can according to season water temperature, cultivation Bao species and different growth phases demand, flexibly
Design temperature, makes water temperature maintain in the range of suitable Bao Shengchang and survival, it is to avoid to carry out because natural waterses water temperature changes
The round transport of " Bei Miaonan is supported, and Nan Miaobei is supported ".In this example, the length of controlled temperature cabinet 9 is 0.6m, and volume is
0.216m3, it is 10～35 DEG C that temperature can arrange scope.
The outlet of controlled temperature cabinet 9 is connected with foam separator 14 by water pump 12, the water inlet position of foam separator 12
In top, outlet is located at bottom, and jet pump 15 is located between the water inlet outside foam separator 14 and outlet.Water pump 12 will
Sea water is pumped in foam separator 14 from the upper end of foam separator 14, and jet pump 15 is by the dirt in foam separator 14
(mainly residual bait and feces), under the air supporting effect of a large amount of rising bubbles, are bonded in bubble surface, are transported to bubble by bubble
14 top of foam separator is separated.Apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection is parallel with pipeline between water pump 12 and foam separator 14
13, and be input in the apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection 13, export on the pipeline at two ends and the pipe between water pump and foam separator 14
The valve of control piper switch is respectively equipped with road.The apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection 13 of the present embodiment be Burdick lamp, the purple for using
Outside line light irradiation dosage can be determined according to Living space, water quality situation.Often set apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection 13 is provided with micro computer controlled
System (for prior art) processed, the microcomputer control system can be set to Burdick lamp irradiation time, simple and quick；
Meanwhile, when ultraviolet disinfection need not be carried out, it is also possible to close that apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection 13 is input into, exports on the pipeline of two ends two
Valve, makes current be directly entered foam separator 14.In this example, Burdick lamp is 30W, is set by microcomputer control system
Late 10 points of start-up operations, quit work to 3:00 AM, carry out 5h water process daily daily.
The outlet of foam separator 14 is connected with the water inlet of biological tank 16, and the bottom in biological tank 16 is provided with exposure
Gas disk 17, the aeration plate 17 are connected with the air pump 18 positioned at the outer top of 16 tank body of biological tank, provide continuous aeration by air pump 18；
In biological tank 16, cloth is placed with biologic packing material.The sea water of the process of Jing foam separators 14 is flowed in biological tank 16, cloth in biological tank 16
Amplification quantity biologic packing material (can be plastics), the biologic packing material surface are microcellular structure, are adsorbed beneficial to beneficial bacteria set, to water body
Carried out a biological disposal upon.16 tank base of biological tank is aeration plate 17, provides continuous charge by air pump 18；Continuous aeration is filled out for biology
The antibacterial adhered on material creates control environment, is conducive to improving water treatment efficiency.It is in this example, biological needed in biological tank 16
Amount of filler is about tank volume 1/4, a diameter of 3.5cm of biologic packing material, thickness 0.3cm；18 rated power 138W of air pump, maximum aerofluxuss
Measure as 100L/min.
Biological tank 16 is bored 20 with the oxygen for being connected oxygen cylinder 19 and is connected, and the sea water flowed out by biological tank 16 enters into oxygen
In cone 20, complement lysis oxygen in 20 is bored in oxygen, the growth for Bao provides the dissolved oxygen of abundance, and last current return to water inlet pipe
21, the water inlet pipe 21 from above breeding trough 1 is flowed into makes wave bucket 22, enters back into breeding trough.The amount for supplementing liquid oxygen can be according to the life of Bao
Thing feature, consumption rate and the system water yield are calculated, and carry out control accurate by gas flowmeter, compare traditional oxygen supplement side
Formula is more convenient, accurate, need not connect big eudiometer and distinguish oxygen supply to each breeding trough.In this example, liquid oxygen amount is needed to be 1
～1.5L/min, you can ensure that system Dissolved Oxygen in Water concentration maintains more than 5mg/L, meets Bao Shengchang, the demand of development.
Be equipped with above every layer of breeding trough 1 it is multiple be hinged on support 24 make wave bucket 22, per layer make wave bucket 22 above
Water inlet pipe 21 is equipped with, and is equipped with every water inlet pipe 21 and wave 22 quantity identical water nozzles 23 of bucket, each water inlet pipe is made with lower section
21 outlets for being communicated in oxygen cone 20.Each end face for making wave bucket 22 is trapezoidal, and the one end at trapezoidal upper bottom is articulated with support
On 24, the one end gone to the bottom is opening.Water flows through water inlet pipe 21, is flowed into by water nozzle 23 and makes wave bucket 22, through making wave bucket 22
Into breeding trough 1, size, quantity and its toggle frequency for making wave bucket can be according to the size of discharge from master regulation for upset.Daily
During bait throwing in, water circulation can be stopped and then stop making wave bucket upset, it is to avoid impact bait to the breeding trough other end.Bait throwing in terminates
After 2h, system can be allowed to restart circulation.In this example, unrestrained buckets pitch is made from water surface 15cm, outward appearance is trapezium structure, it is high
25cm, it is about 6L that can accommodate the water yield.Each breeding trough 1 configure two make wave bucket 22, respectively positioned at breeding trough 1 high order end and
Center.It is that breeding trough 1 provides the sea water being disposed that Jing makes wave 22 punctuated turning overs of bucket, completes whole circulation.
Package unit is closed recirculating cultivating system, it is to avoid change the heavy physical work such as water, blowdown daily；Simultaneously
Cultivating system supplements fresh seawaters without daily a large amount of, reduce water environment suddenly change to Bao Zaocheng stress adverse effect,
Aquifer cultivation ambient stable is made, external interference is reduced.Only need to daily periodically carry out moisturizing to system according to evaporation capacity, it is to avoid water
Pump continuously draws water from off-lying sea the cost increase brought, energy-conserving and environment-protective, moreover it is possible to strengthen abalone culture industry reply off-lying sea typhoon, red tide, water
The ability of the disasters such as pollution.In this example, daily valve of opening removes about 1/4 water body, and biochemical cotton is cleaned, then plus
The new water of note supplement, daily system water body have 24 circulating loads.
The controlled temperature cabinet 9 of the present invention, heat exchanger 10, foam separator 14 and biological tank 16 are commercial products, purchase in
Qingdao Asterias amurensis Lutken Electronics Co., Ltd.；The refrigeration machine 11 of the present invention is commercial products, purchases electromechanical limited in Shenzhen east star refrigeration
Company, model DX-02A；The jet pump 15 of the present invention is commercial products, is purchased in Guangdong Lingxiao Pump Industrial Co., Ltd.,
Model BJZ037.
The present invention operation principle be：
During normal use, Bao is uniformly placed in the region in breeding trough 1 by cultivation 2 trisection of dividing plate, cultivates dividing plate 2
Avoid Bao to pile up in some region of high density, and then affect to be attached to ingesting, growing for Bao.Current are flowed by water inlet pipe 21
Enter to make wave bucket 22, after the water level in wave bucket 22 is made reaches set depth, make wave 22 automatic turnings of bucket and water is poured into into per layer
In breeding trough 1, the impact that Bao constantly undergoes wave in natural habitat is simulated, the other biological for colonizing in its body surface is washed away, with
Beneficial to the growth and survival of Bao.In breeding trough 1, water body is by the punctuated turning over supply for making wave bucket 22 and updates.Current are by draining
Mouth 3 is directly connected to the sewage sump 6 in Rose Box 4, and Jing lays the filter septum 5 of different pore size biochemistry cotton and carries out level filtration, compared with
Oarse-grained waste (such as residual bait, feces) etc. are deposited on 6 bottom of sewage sump, and the blowoff valve 7 of 6 bottom of sewage sump is periodically opened, will
Waste is cleaned out.The discharge water of breeding trough 1 flows into drain pipe 8 Jing after 4 transition of Rose Box for laying biochemical cotton and enters equipped with heat exchange
Device 10, and connect in the controlled temperature cabinet 9 of refrigeration machine 11, water Jing refrigeration machines 11, heat exchanger 10 in the controlled temperature cabinet 9 are processed temperature constant
In required scope.Temperature control water is drawn in foam separator 14 by water pump 12 from top, and period is through disinfection by ultraviolet light
Device 13 carries out sterilizing to water body.Be furnished with jet pump 15 in the outer position near bottom of foam separator, by solid debris,
Dirt (mainly residual bait and feces) etc. is processed into little particle, under the air supporting effect of a large amount of rising bubbles, sticks to bubble table
Face, is separated as bubble rises to 14 top of foam separator.Water after process flows into the biology that cloth is placed with biologic packing material
Tank 16,16 bottom of biological tank are furnished with the aeration plate 17 of connection air pump 18, there is provided 24h continuous aerations, the life laid in biological tank 16
Thing filler carries out biofiltration.Then current are entered in the oxygen cone 20 for be connected with oxygen cylinder 19 and supplement liquid oxygen, dissolve water body
Oxygen maintains suitable concentration level.Last current are flowed out by oxygen cone 20, are filled into along water inlet pipe 21 and are made in wave bucket 22, according to
Punctuated turning over by making wave bucket is that breeding trough supplements sea water, so far completes whole circulation.Realize through above step connective
By force, energy-conserving and environment-protective, manipulation easily Bao closed recirculating breeding process.
Experimental example
Systematic parameter：Effectively breeding water body 1290L, oxygenating air DO maintain more than 6.0mg/L, salinity 32 ± 1, water temperature
18 DEG C～22 DEG C, pH 8.1～8.3.
The young Bao specification for selecting is shell 1～2cm of length or so, cultivate density be 1300/, water volume flow rate is 300L/h,
Photoperiod is 12:12(Dark:Light), fed (early and at 16 points in afternoon) in cultivating process daily at twice at 6 points, day throws
4% (Fresh Laminaria Japonica combine mixed feed) of the amount for Bao TBW is fed, water circulation will be stopped after feeding every time, returned to after 2h
Normal level.Once sampled every other month, determined growth and the survival condition of young Bao.Jing after 60d cultures, young abalone shell
Long 3.2 ± 0.17cm of average out to, survival rate reach 94%, and specific growth rate reaches 0.35%day-1。
Claims (10)
- It is 1. a kind of to be suitable to the closed recirculating cultivating system that Bao layer stereo is cultivated, it is characterised in that：Including breeding trough (1), mistake Filter box (4), controlled temperature cabinet (9), heat exchanger (10), refrigeration machine (11), water pump (12), foam separator (14), jet pump (15), life Thing tank (16), aeration plate (17), air pump (18), oxygen bore (20), make wave bucket (22) and support (24), pacify on its medium-height trestle (24) Equipped with multiple breeding troughs (1), be equipped with above each described breeding trough (1) it is multiple be hinged on support (24) make unrestrained bucket (22)；Multiple cell bodies being connected are divided into inside each described breeding trough (1), the side of each breeding trough (1) water outlet connects The Rose Box (4) is connected with, the bottom of the Rose Box (4) is sewage sump (6), and top is provided with defecator；Each Rose Box (4) it is connected with the internal controlled temperature cabinet (9) equipped with heat exchanger (10) respectively, heat exchanger (10) are communicated with refrigeration machine (11), Ocean temperature is controlled by the refrigeration machine (11) and heat exchanger (10)；Water pump (12), foam separator (14), biological tank (16) and oxygen cone (20) be sequentially communicated in controlled temperature cabinet (9), foam separator (14) are communicated with jet pump (15), the life The aeration plate (17) connected with air pump (18) is provided with thing tank (16)；Sea in controlled temperature cabinet (9) after filter box (4) filtration Water is pumped out by the water pump (12), the bubble for being conveyed by the jet pump (15) in the foam separator (14) successively Eliminating impurities, filter in biological tank (16), supplement liquid oxygen in oxygen cone (20), supplement the sea water after liquid oxygen pass through into Water pipe (21) stream to above breeding trough each described (1) making wave bucket (22) in, by it is each it is described make wave struggle against (22) upset be Each described breeding trough provides sea water.
- 2. the closed recirculating cultivating system of Bao layer stereo cultivation is suitable to as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The water Apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection (13) is parallel with pipeline between pump (12) and foam separator (14), and is filled in the disinfection by ultraviolet light Put (13) input, on the pipeline at output two ends and on pipeline between water pump and foam separator (14), be respectively equipped with control pipe The valve of way switch.
- 3. the closed recirculating cultivating system of Bao layer stereo cultivation is suitable to as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Often The inside of individual breeding trough (1) is divided into multiple cell bodies by multiple cultivation dividing plate (2), on each cultivation dividing plate (2) The hole passed through for sea water is provided with.
- 4. the closed recirculating cultivating system of Bao layer stereo cultivation is suitable to as described in claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is each described Breeding trough (1) is arranged on support (24) up and down with stratiform, and the cell body of breeding trough (1) is dark colour, and in water outlet side Discharge outlet (3) is provided with, the side of each breeding trough (1) water outlet is equipped with a Rose Box being arranged on support (24) (4), the discharge outlet (3) on each described breeding trough (1) is connected with one Rose Box (4).
- 5. the closed recirculating cultivating system of Bao layer stereo cultivation is suitable to as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Institute The defecator of Rose Box (4) internal upper part is stated for filtering swash plate (5), the filtration swash plate (5) is one or more, is inclined at The top of sewage sump (6)；Multiple holes are provided with filtration swash plate (5), and on swash plate (5) is filtered lay different pore size Biochemical cotton.
- 6. the closed recirculating cultivating system of Bao layer stereo cultivation is suitable to as described in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The mistake Filter swash plate (5) is inclined to the opposite direction of current from the bottom to top, and on the filtration swash plate (5), the aperture of biochemical cotton gradually becomes from the bottom to top Greatly；The bottom of Rose Box (4) interior bottom sewage sump (6) is provided with the blowoff valve (7) of cleaning garbage.
- 7. the closed recirculating cultivating system of Bao layer stereo cultivation is suitable to as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Institute The water inlet for stating foam separator (14) is located at top, and outlet is located at bottom, and described jet pump (15) are located at foam separator (14) between water inlet outward and outlet.
- 8. the closed recirculating cultivating system of Bao layer stereo cultivation is suitable to as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Institute The bottom that aeration plate (17) is located in biological tank (16) is stated, is connected with the air pump (18) positioned at the outer top of biological tank (16) tank body It is logical；Biological tank (16) interior cloth is placed with biologic packing material.
- 9. the closed recirculating cultivating system of Bao layer stereo cultivation is suitable to as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Often Making above individual the breeding trough (1) be equipped with water inlet pipe (21) above wave bucket (22), is equipped with every water inlet pipe (21) Wave bucket (22) quantity identical water nozzle (23) is made with lower section, each water inlet pipe (21) is communicated in the water outlet of oxygen cone (20) Mouthful.
- 10. the closed recirculating cultivating system of Bao layer stereo cultivation is suitable to as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Institute It is trapezoidal to state and make the unrestrained end face for struggling against (22), and the one end at trapezoidal upper bottom is articulated with the support (24), and the one end gone to the bottom is opening End.
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| CN109287579B (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2024-01-16 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Shellfish descending flow high-density seedling collection facility and application method thereof |
| CN113661956B (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2022-11-18 | 厦门大学 | Rapid evaluation method for high-throughput abalone high-temperature resistance |
| CN117941640B (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-07-16 | 长岛东兴水产养殖有限公司 | Submarine caisson type abalone culture device |
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| CN201427914Y (en) * | 2009-01-21 | 2010-03-24 | 北京迪昂数码科技有限公司 | Seawater factorial aquaculture circulating water treatment device |
| CN101606506A (en) * | 2009-07-21 | 2009-12-23 | 陈能娟 | The circulating water culture system of intensification |
| CN103181362B (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2015-05-27 | 浙江大学 | Closed-type constant-temperature multi-layer water circulation turtle cultivation system |
| JP2014209899A (en) * | 2013-04-05 | 2014-11-13 | ブルーアクア・インダストリー株式会社 | Energy saving land farming method and land farming facility |
| CN204104536U (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2015-01-21 | 梁桥锋 | One is jet-propelled makes oxygenating unit |
| CN204104537U (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2015-01-21 | 梁桥锋 | Oxygenating unit is made in a kind of vibration |
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