CN104855330A - Closed circulating aquaculture system suitable for multilayer stereoscopic cultivation of abalone - Google Patents
Closed circulating aquaculture system suitable for multilayer stereoscopic cultivation of abalone Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/065—Heating or cooling devices
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the aquaculture engineering field, and particularly relates to a closed circulating aquaculture system suitable for multilayer stereoscopic cultivation of abalone. The circulating aquaculture system suitable for the multilayer stereoscopic cultivation of the abalone is characterized in that a plurality of aquaculture tanks are installed on a support, a plurality of wave generation hoppers hinged on the support are arranged above each aquaculture tank, the interior of each aquaculture tank is divided into a plurality of tank bodies which are communicated, one water outlet side of each aquaculture tank is communicated with a filter tank, the lower portion of each filter tank is a sewage collection tank, a filter device is arranged on the upper portion of each filter tank, all the filter tanks are respectively communicated with a temperature regulation box with a heat exchanger installed inside, the heat exchanger is communicated with a refrigerator, temperature of seawater is controlled through the refrigerator and the heat exchanger, a water pump, a foam separator, a biological tank and an oxygen tank are sequentially communicated with the temperature regulation box, the foam separator is communicated with a jet injector, and an aeration disk communicated with an air pump us arranged in the biological tank. The circulating aquaculture system suitable for the multilayer stereoscopic cultivation of the abalone has the advantages of continuously reusing aquatic water, being capable of controlling temperature, manually generating waves, achieving rapid and thorough water purification treatment, being convenient to operate, saving energy and protecting environment and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquacultural engineering field, specifically a kind of Bao Jinhang high density, layer stereo, healthy closed recirculating cultivating system cultivated and cultivate be suitable for not of the same race and different size.
Background technology
At occurring in nature, Bao happiness inhabits the reef district that current are limpid, have wave stroke, thus obtains sufficient dissolved oxygen, escape predation and increase the probability of catching food organisms; And seldom use in breeding production and make unrestrained device and carry out simulating natural environment condition.There are some researches show that the wave of natural waters can have an impact to the growth of New Zealand rainbow Bao (Haliotis iris) and survival, and in the indoor industrially circulating water culture system of Bao, carried out the research of simulating natural environment by man wave have not been reported.Temperature is important envirment factor, and it can affect the ingesting of Bao directly or indirectly, grows, grows, survival etc., also has an impact to the physiology of Bao, biochemistry and immunity simultaneously.Bao not of the same race has different tolerance limits to temperature, and the different growth and development stages of Bao of the same race are also different to the tolerance limit of temperature; Such as the suitable growth temperature of haliotis discus hannai Ino (Haliotisdiscus hannai) young Bao is 18 ~ 22 DEG C, the suitable growth temperature of Haliotis diversicolor (Haliotisdiversicolor) young Bao is then 22 ~ 26 DEG C, the black lip Bao of Australia (Haliotis rubra) becomes the suitable growth temperature of Bao to be 23 ~ 25 DEG C, maximum can tolerable temperature scope be 9-35 DEG C, and the tolerable temperature scope of black lip Bao (H.rubra) young Bao is 13 ~ 32 DEG C.Therefore based on the different growth and development stage of Bao not of the same race and Bao of the same race to the difference of temperature tolerance range, make adjustable, the controlled a kind of inevitable choice becoming resources conservation, environmental friendliness culture fishery of water temperature in breeding process.
The important kind of Bao Zuowei mariculture, because of its rich in nutritive value, delicious flavour, Bao shell has again effect of improving eyesight, so be described as first of marine products eight delicacies, have the title of ocean " soft gold ", is China's important precious marine product aquaculture kind.In recent years, the abalone culture industry of China is flourish, and cultured output ranks first place, the world for a long time, and the abalone culture output in the whole nation in 2012 breaks through 90,000 tons, has formed the characteristic mariculture industry surpassing 10,000,000,000 yuan.While the fast development of abalone culture industry, the disease problem in abalone culture process also highlights day by day, and cultivation lethality raises year by year.In addition, the natural calamity such as red tide, typhoon carrys out tremendous influence also to abalone culture industrial belt.5 ~ June in 2012, carry out huge loss just to abalone culture industrial belt at the Disaster And Prevention Measures of Red Tides of Fujian Province's large-scale outbreak.Summer High-Temperature Times, the mortality of southern Bao also causes to industry and has a strong impact on.Simultaneously by the impact of consumption market, the sales volume severe atrophy of the high-grade marine product such as abalone, the blind expansion of several years ago abalone culture industry causes production capacity surplus in addition, abalone price continued downturn since 2013.Through the eruptive growth of six, seven years, Bao produced and had already been absorbed in the low ebb of not meeting for many years, and industry faces the situation reintegrated and shuffle.
Current, the reason that restriction realizes the sustainable development of abalone culture industry is mainly manifested in the following aspects: 1. natural waters increasing environmental pollution, and the area of suitable mariculture area is reducing gradually; 2. the natural calamity such as southern paroxysmal typhoon and red tide carrys out beyond thought destructiveness loss easily to abalone culture industrial belt; 3. breeding way is extensive, and labor cost raises gradually; 4. disease takes place frequently, and disease can not get effectively controlling fast; 5. gather, bait throwing in etc. operates inconvenience, and breeding facility is simple and crude; 6. the periodicity cost of transportation of " Bei Miaonan supports ", " Nan Miaobei supports " increases.Therefore, the key that these distinct issues become the sound development of abalone culture industry how is solved.And closed recirculating cultivation is as a kind of brand-new aquaculture model, breaches the restriction of a lot of environmental factor, have good economical, societal benefits.Considerable facility, equipment have been concentrated in closed recirculating cultivation, have multiple technologies means, aquatic products are in a relatively controlled water body environment, are in a kind of Novel cultivation pattern under higher-strength production status.Compare traditional aquaculture model, its advantage is mainly manifested in: 1. reduce water resource and utilize and sewage discharge; 2. reduce exotic diseases to infect and water pollution risk; 3. seed safety and product quality is ensured; 4. realize accurately, automatic management and control, reduce labour intensity while enhancing productivity.But but rarely have report for the indoor industrially cycle water high density culture system of Bao.
Summary of the invention
For the technical deficiency of traditional aquaculture model, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of closed recirculating cultivating system being suitable for Bao layer stereo and cultivating.This cultivating system is suitable for Bao Jinhang high density to not of the same race and different size, solid, healthyly cultivates and cultivation.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The present invention includes breeding trough, Rose Box, controlled temperature cabinet, heat exchanger, refrigeration machine, water pump, foam separator, jet pump, biological tank, aeration plate, air pump, oxygen cone, make wave bucket and support, its medium-height trestle is provided with multiple breeding trough, and the top of each described breeding trough is equipped with multiple wave of making be hinged on support and struggles against; Each described breeding trough inside is divided into multiple cell body be connected, and the side of each breeding trough water outlet is all communicated with described Rose Box, and the bottom of this Rose Box is sewage sump, and top is provided with filter; Each described Rose Box is equipped with heat exchanger respectively controlled temperature cabinet with inside is connected, and described heat exchanger is communicated with refrigeration machine, controls ocean temperature by this refrigeration machine and heat exchanger; Described water pump, foam separator, biological tank and oxygen tank are communicated in controlled temperature cabinet successively, and described foam separator is communicated with jet pump, are provided with the aeration plate be communicated with air pump in described biological tank; Seawater in described controlled temperature cabinet after filter box filters is pumped by described water pump, the bubble separation dirt carried by described jet pump in described foam separator successively, described biological tank inner filtration, in oxygen cone supplementary liquid oxygen, supplement the seawater after liquid oxygen to be flow to by water inlet pipe and make in wave bucket above each described breeding trough, by the upset of making wave bucket described in each for each described breeding trough provides seawater.
Wherein: the pipeline between described water pump and foam separator is parallel with apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection, and the input of this apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection, export two ends pipeline on and pipeline between water pump and foam separator is respectively equipped with the valve of control piper switch; The inside of each described breeding trough is all divided into multiple cell body by multiple cultivation dividing plate, each described cultivation dividing plate all has the hole passed through for seawater; Each described breeding trough is rack-mount up and down with stratiform, the cell body of described breeding trough is dark colour, and have discharge outlet in water outlet side, the side of each described breeding trough water outlet is equipped with a rack-mount Rose Box, and the discharge outlet on each described breeding trough is all connected with a described Rose Box;
The filter of described Rose Box internal upper part is for filtering swash plate, and this filtration swash plate is one or more, is inclined at the top of described sewage sump; Described filtration swash plate has multiple hole, and cotton at the biochemistry filtering lay different pore size on swash plate; Described filtration swash plate tilts to the opposite direction of current from the bottom to top, and on this filtration swash plate, biochemical cotton aperture becomes large from the bottom to top gradually; In described Rose Box, the bottom of bottom sewage sump has the blowoff valve of cleaning discarded object;
The water inlet of described foam separator is positioned at top, and delivery port is positioned at bottom, between the water inlet of described jet pump outside foam separator and delivery port; Described aeration plate is positioned at the bottom of biological tank, is connected with the air pump being positioned at the outer top of biological tank; In described biological tank, cloth is placed with biologic packing material; The top of making wave bucket above each described breeding trough is equipped with water inlet pipe, and every root water inlet pipe is equipped with and makes the identical water nozzle of the unrestrained quantity that struggles against with below, each water inlet pipe is communicated in the delivery port of described oxygen cone; The described end face making wave bucket is trapezoidal, and one end of trapezoidal upper base is articulated with on described support, and the one end of going to the bottom is openend.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
1. temperature-controllable.The present invention utilizes refrigeration machine and heat exchanger, is carried out precisely, fast regulating and controlling by the water temperature of a whole set of cultivating system; For the different growth and development stage of Bao not of the same race and Bao of the same race to the requirement of temperature, select the temperature that setting is suitable, simulating natural environment, for the growth of Bao and survival provide necessary environmental condition, realizes the high density of Bao seed, large gauge, efficient and healthyly to cultivate.
2. interference is weak, and labor cost reduces.The present invention adopts and refreshes the water periodically and supplement new water to breeding trough, the Self-dischargeds such as residual bait, ight soil, through the mode such as physical filtering, biofiltration, the water-soluble harmful substance of effective removal, improve water body environment, avoid simultaneously and change the demand of the operation such as water, blowdown to labour, and the stress reaction that manual operation brings Bao can also be reduced, avoid the growth affecting Bao.
3. arrange flexibly, operating process is simple, and space and cost are saved in multi-level cultivation.The present invention, by arranging multiple different assembly, achieves the flexible operating of cultivating system, and each independent assembly can carry out assembled dismounting; In addition, solid, layer stereo cultivation can be set as required, save space and cost.
4. man wave.By the regulation and control of discharge and then the toggle frequency that can regulate and control to make wave bucket.By man wave, not only can provide the water environment of similar natural waters for Bao, can also, constantly for system supplements dissolved oxygen, the dirts such as residual bait ight soil be rushed at sewage draining exit, acceleration waste scavenging, raising water treatment efficiency.
5. ultraviolet radiation for sterilizing and disinfecting.Waste water in cultivating system of the present invention, before drainpipe enters foam separator, can be passed through apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection; Exposure dose, the ultraviolet irradiation time of quartz burner needed for this apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection according to Living space and the setting of water quality situation, can meet sterilizing, the demand purified water.
6. energy-saving and environmental protecting.The present invention is closed recirculating cultivating system, fresh seawater is supplemented in a large number without every day, the electric cost avoiding water pump to draw water from off-lying sea continuously bringing rises, only need regularly to carry out moisturizing to system according to evaporation discharge, the ability of the disasters such as the reply of abalone culture industry typhoon, red tide, water pollutions can also be strengthened simultaneously; Every day only thoroughly need clean biochemical cotton, and periodic cleaning sewage sump and foam separator bottom residues, not only greatly reduce the discharge of breeding wastewater, also reduces the pollution to natural environment simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Rose Box in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of breeding trough in Fig. 1;
Wherein: 1 is breeding trough, 2 is cultivation dividing plate, and 3 is discharge outlet, and 4 is Rose Box, 5 for filtering swash plate, and 6 is sewage sump, and 7 is blowoff valve, and 8 is drainpipe, 9 is controlled temperature cabinet, and 10 is heat exchanger, and 11 is refrigeration machine, and 12 is water pump, 13 is apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection, and 14 is foam separator, and 15 is jet pump, and 16 is biological tank, 17 is aeration plate, and 18 is air pump, and 19 is oxygen cylinder, and 20 is oxygen cone, 21 is water inlet pipe, and 22 for making wave bucket, and 23 is water nozzle, and 24 is support.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes breeding trough 1, Rose Box 4, blowoff valve 7, drainpipe 8, controlled temperature cabinet 9, heat exchanger 10, refrigeration machine 11, water pump 12, foam separator 14, jet pump 15, biological tank 16, aeration plate 17, air pump 18, oxygen cylinder 19, oxygen cone 20, water inlet pipe 21, make wave bucket 22 and support 24, its medium-height trestle 24 is provided with multiple breeding trough 1, each breeding trough 1 is arranged on support 24 with stratiform up and down, and breeding trough 1 can be two ~ five layers; Breeding trough 1 can be rectangle or approximate rectangle, circular shape (, cultivation cell body is set to dark colour (can be black or Dark grey), material is fiberglass, PVC (polyvinyl chloride) or PE (polyethylene), and other nontoxic materials, to adapt to ecology, the habit feature of Bao.The breeding trough 1 of the present embodiment is two, it is two-layer to be up and down divided into, and two breeding trough 1 shapes are identical, are rectangle, each cultivation cell body volume is 0.43m3, whole cultivating system total height is 2.4m, by support 24 by upper and lower two breeding troughs 1 separately, is convenient to the operation such as bait throwing in, cleaning.
As shown in Figure 3, be divided into multiple cell body by cultivation dividing plate 2 in each breeding trough 1, all lay young Bao in each cell body, each cultivation dividing plate 2 all punches, so that seawater flows through.The present embodiment is divided into three parts in each breeding trough 1, middle with cultivating dividing plate 2 separately; Cultivation dividing plate 2 is fixed on cell body both sides by clamp, can random installing/dismounting, thus avoids the mutual attachment of Bao, and high-density aggregation is in a certain region, and impact is attached the ingesting of Bao, move and water body exchanges, and then impact grows.In this example, the length of breeding trough 1 is respectively 1.8m, 0.6m, 0.35m, and cell body volume is 0.43m
3; The spacing of levels frame for cultivating is 35cm; Height, wide, the thickness of cultivation dividing plate 2 are followed successively by 0.3m, 0.55m, 0.5cm, and on cultivation dividing plate 2, the aperture of punching is 0.5cm.
The bottom, side (right side in Fig. 1) of each breeding trough 1 water outlet all has discharge outlet 3, the side of each breeding trough 1 water outlet is equipped with a Rose Box 4 be arranged on support 24, and the discharge outlet 3 on each breeding trough 1 is all directly connected with a Rose Box 4 through elbow.Each Rose Box 4 shape and structure is identical, as shown in Figure 2, two parts are divided in Rose Box 4, top is filter, the filter of the present embodiment is the biochemical cotton filtration swash plate 5 of lay different pore size, filters swash plate 5 and can be one or more (the present embodiment is two pieces), be fixed on the two ends of Rose Box inside respectively by clamp, two pieces are filtered swash plate 5 and are parallel to each other, and the opposite direction from the bottom to top to current tilts.Every block filters on swash plate 5 and lays the descending biochemistry cotton of void level along water inlet direction, carries out primary physical filtration successively; Biochemical cotton aperture descending (aperture on top is large, and the aperture of bottom is little), level is filtered.Bottom in Rose Box 4 is sewage sump 6, and there is opening the bottom of sewage sump 6 is provided with blowoff valve 7, regularly opens blowoff valve 7 and can clear up the deposition refuse discharge Rose Box 4 being deposited on sewage sump 6.In this example, the volume of Rose Box 4 is about 0.13m
3, the aperture of filtering swash plate 5 is 2cm, and two spacing of filtering between swash plate 5 are 10cm, are 60 ° with horizontal direction angle, and the volume filtering the sewage sump 6 below swash plate 5 is about 0.04m
3.
Each Rose Box 4 is connected with controlled temperature cabinet 9 respectively by drainpipe 8, and the seawater through primary filter overflows from the top of each Rose Box 4, enters controlled temperature cabinet 9 along drainpipe 8.Controlled temperature cabinet 9 is provided with heat exchanger 10 in bottom, this heat exchanger 10 is connected with the refrigeration machine 11 being positioned at controlled temperature cabinet 9 outside, can according to season water temperature, cultivation Bao kind and the demand of Different growth phases, flexible design temperature, water temperature is made to maintain in the scope of suitable Bao Shengchang and survival, avoid the round transport of " Bei Miaonan supports, and Nan Miaobei supports " of carrying out because of the change of natural waters water temperature.In this example, the length of controlled temperature cabinet 9 is 0.6m, and volume is 0.216m
3, it is 10 ~ 35 DEG C that temperature can arrange scope.
The delivery port of controlled temperature cabinet 9 is connected with foam separator 14 by water pump 12, and the water inlet of foam separator 12 is positioned at top, and delivery port is positioned at bottom, between the water inlet of jet pump 15 outside foam separator 14 and delivery port.Seawater is pumped in foam separator 14 from the upper end of foam separator 14 by water pump 12, jet pump 15 is by the dirt (mainly residual bait and ight soil) in foam separator 14, under the air supporting effect of a large amount of rising bubble, be bonded in bubble surface, be transported to foam separator 14 top by bubble and be separated.Pipeline between water pump 12 and foam separator 14 is parallel with apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection 13, and pipeline on the pipeline inputting, export two ends at this apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection 13 and between water pump and foam separator 14 is respectively equipped with the valve of control piper switch.The apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection 13 of the present embodiment is ultraviolet lamp, and the ultraviolet lamps irradiates dosage of use can be determined according to Living space, water quality situation.Often overlap apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection 13 and be all furnished with microcomputer control system (for prior art), this microcomputer control system can set the ultraviolet lamps irradiates time, simple and quick; Meanwhile, when without the need to carrying out ultraviolet disinfection, also can close that apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection 13 inputs, two valves exported on the pipeline of two ends, making current directly enter foam separator 14.In this example, ultraviolet lamp is 30W, and started working evening 10 every day by microcomputer control system setting, quit work to 3:00 AM, every day carries out 5h water treatment.
The delivery port of foam separator 14 is connected with the water inlet of biological tank 16, and the bottom in biological tank 16 is provided with aeration plate 17, and this aeration plate 17 is connected with the air pump 18 being positioned at the outer top of biological tank 16 tank body, provides continuous aeration by air pump 18; In biological tank 16, cloth is placed with biologic packing material.The seawater processed through foam separator 14 flows in biological tank 16, and lay large number of biological filler (can be plastics) in biological tank 16, this biologic packing material surface is microcellular structure, is beneficial to beneficial bacteria set absorption, carries out a biological disposal upon to water body.Biological tank 16 tank base is aeration plate 17, provides continuous charge by air pump 18; Continuous aeration is that the bacterium that biologic packing material adheres to creates control environment, is conducive to improving water treatment efficiency.In this example, in biological tank 16, required biologic packing material amount is about tank volume 1/4, and biologic packing material diameter is 3.5cm, thickness 0.3cm; Air pump 18 rated power 138W, maximum capacity is 100L/min.
Biological tank 16 is bored 20 with the oxygen being connected oxygen cylinder 19 and is connected, the seawater flowed out by biological tank 16 enters in oxygen cone 20, complement lysis oxygen in oxygen cone 20, growth for Bao provides sufficient dissolved oxygen, last current turn back to water inlet pipe 21, water inlet pipe 21 above breeding trough 1 flows into makes wave bucket 22, then enters breeding trough.Supplement the amount of liquid oxygen to calculate according to the Biological characteristics of Bao, consumption rate and the system water yield, carry out control accurate by gas flowmeter, it is more convenient, accurate to compare traditional oxygenation way, without the need to connecting large eudiometer tube to the oxygen supply respectively of each breeding trough.In this example, need liquid oxygen amount to be 1 ~ 1.5L/min, can ensure that system water body dissolved oxygen concentration maintains more than 5mg/L, meet the demand of Bao Shengchang, growth.
Be equipped with multiple wave of making be hinged on support 24 above every layer of breeding trough 1 and struggle against 22, every layer make above wave bucket 22 is equipped with water inlet pipe 21, every root water inlet pipe 21 is equipped with and makes the identical water nozzle 23 of unrestrained 22 quantity that struggle against with below, each water inlet pipe 21 is communicated in the delivery port of oxygen cone 20.Each end face making wave bucket 22 is trapezoidal, and one end of trapezoidal upper base is articulated with on support 24, and the one end of going to the bottom is openend.Current are through water inlet pipe 21, and flowed into by water nozzle 23 and make wave bucket 22, enter breeding trough 1 through the upset of making wave bucket 22, making the size of wave bucket, quantity and toggle frequency thereof can according to the size of discharge from master regulation.During bait throwing in every day, water circulation and then stopping can being stopped to make the upset of wave bucket, avoid bait to impact to the breeding trough other end.After bait throwing in terminates 2h, system can be allowed to restart circulation.In this example, make unrestrained buckets pitch dried up 15cm, outward appearance is trapezium structure, high 25cm, can hold the water yield and be approximately 6L.Each breeding trough 1 configures two and makes wave bucket 22, lays respectively at high order end and the center of breeding trough 1.Thering is provided for breeding trough 1 seawater be disposed through making wave bucket 22 punctuated turning overs, completing whole circulation.
Package unit is closed recirculating cultivating system, avoids and changes the heavy manual labor such as water, blowdown every day; Simultaneously cultivating system supplements fresh seawater in a large number without every day, decrease water environment change suddenly to Bao Zaocheng stress adverse effect, make aquifer cultivation ambient stable, reduce external interference.Only need every day regularly to carry out moisturizing to system according to evaporation discharge, avoid water pump to draw water from off-lying sea continuously the cost increase brought, energy-saving and environmental protecting, the ability of the disasters such as abalone culture industry reply off-lying sea typhoon, red tide, water pollutions can also be strengthened.In this example, open valve every day and remove about 1/4 water body, and clean biochemical cotton, then filling supplements new water, and every day, system water body had 24 internal circulating loads.
Controlled temperature cabinet 9 of the present invention, heat exchanger 10, foam separator 14 and biological tank 16 are commercial products, all purchase in Qingdao starfish Electronics Co., Ltd.; Refrigeration machine 11 of the present invention is commercial products, and purchase and to freeze dynamo-electric Co., Ltd in east, Shenzhen star, model is DX-02A; Jet pump 15 of the present invention is commercial products, purchases in Guangdong Lingxiao Pump Industrial Co., Ltd., and model is BJZ037.
Operation principle of the present invention is:
During normal use, Bao is evenly placed on by the region of cultivation dividing plate 2 trisection in breeding trough 1, and cultivation dividing plate 2 avoids the high density of Bao in a certain region and piles up, and then impact is attached the ingesting of Bao, grows.Current are flowed into by water inlet pipe 21 and make wave bucket 22, after making the water level arrival set depth in wave bucket 22, make wave bucket 22 automatic turnings water to be poured in the breeding trough 1 of every layer, simulation Bao constantly stands the impact of wave in natural habitat, wash away the other biological colonizing in its body surface, be beneficial to growth and the survival of Bao.In breeding trough 1, water body relies on the punctuated turning over supply and renewal of making wave bucket 22.Current are directly connected the sewage sump 6 in Rose Box 4 by discharge outlet 3, level filtration is carried out through laying the biochemical cotton filter septum 5 of different pore size, the refuse (as residual bait, ight soil) etc. of larger particles is deposited on bottom sewage sump 6, blowoff valve 7 bottom sewage sump 6 is regularly opened, and is cleaned out by refuse.Breeding trough 1 discharge water flows into drainpipe 8 and enters and heat exchanger 10 is housed and connects in the controlled temperature cabinet 9 of refrigeration machine 11 after laying biochemical cotton Rose Box 4 transition, and water processes temperature constant in required scope through refrigeration machine 11, heat exchanger 10 in controlled temperature cabinet 9.Temperature control water enters in foam separator 14 from top suction by water pump 12, and period carries out sterilizing through apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection 13 pairs of water bodys.Jet pump 15 is furnished with in the outer position near bottom of foam separator, solid debris, dirt (mainly residual bait and ight soil) etc. are processed into granule, under the air supporting effect of a large amount of rising bubble, stick to bubble surface, be separated along with bubble rises to foam separator 14 top.Water after process flows into the biological tank 16 that cloth is placed with biologic packing material, and biological tank 16 bottom is furnished with the aeration plate 17 being communicated with air pump 18, and provide 24h continuous aeration, the biologic packing material laid in biological tank 16 carries out biofiltration.Then current enter the interior supplementary liquid oxygen of the oxygen cone 20 being connected with oxygen cylinder 19, make Dissolved Oxygen in Water maintain suitable concentration level.Last current are bored 20 by oxygen and are flowed out, and are filled into and make in wave bucket 22, rely on the punctuated turning over making wave bucket to be that breeding trough supplements seawater, so far complete whole circulation along water inlet pipe 21.Realize connective strong, energy-saving and environmental protecting through above step, manipulate Bao closed recirculating breeding process easily.
Experimental example
Systematic parameter: effectively breeding water body 1290L, oxygenating air DO maintains more than 6.0mg/L, salinity 32 ± 1, water temperature 18 DEG C ~ 22 DEG C, pH 8.1 ~ 8.3.
The young Bao specification selected is long about the 1 ~ 2cm of shell, and cultivating density is 1300/m
2water volume flow rate is 300L/h, photoperiod is 12:12 (Dark:Light), in cultivating process, every day carries out throw something and feed (morning 6 and point in afternoon 16) at twice, day feeding volume is 4% (Fresh Laminaria Japonica is in conjunction with manufactured feed) of Bao TBW, will water circulation be stopped after throwing something and feeding at every turn, after 2h, return to normal level.Once sample every other month, measure growth and the survival condition of young Bao.After 60d cultivates, the long average out to 3.2 ± 0.17cm of young Bao shell, survival rate is to 94%, and specific growth rate reaches 0.35%day
-1.
Claims (10)
1. the closed recirculating cultivating system being suitable for Bao layer stereo and cultivating, it is characterized in that: comprise breeding trough (1), Rose Box (4), controlled temperature cabinet (9), heat exchanger (10), refrigeration machine (11), water pump (12), foam separator (14), jet pump (15), biological tank (16), aeration plate (17), air pump (18), oxygen cone (20), make wave bucket (22) and support (24), its medium-height trestle (24) is provided with multiple breeding trough (1), the top of each described breeding trough (1) is equipped with multiple wave of making be hinged on support (24) and struggles against (22), each described breeding trough (1) inside is divided into multiple cell body be connected, the side of each breeding trough (1) water outlet is all communicated with described Rose Box (4), the bottom of this Rose Box (4) is sewage sump (6), and top is provided with filter, each described Rose Box (4) is equipped with heat exchanger (10) respectively controlled temperature cabinet (9) with inside is connected, described heat exchanger (10) is communicated with refrigeration machine (11), controls ocean temperature by this refrigeration machine (11) and heat exchanger (10), described water pump (12), foam separator (14), biological tank (16) and oxygen tank (20) are communicated in controlled temperature cabinet (9) successively, described foam separator (14) is communicated with jet pump (15), is provided with the aeration plate (17) be communicated with air pump (18) in described biological tank (16), seawater in described controlled temperature cabinet (9) after filter box (4) filters is pumped by described water pump (12), the bubble separation dirt carried by described jet pump (15) in described foam separator (14) successively, described biological tank (16) inner filtration, in oxygen cone (20) supplementary liquid oxygen, that supplements that the seawater after liquid oxygen flows to each described breeding trough (1) top by water inlet pipe (21) makes in wave bucket (22), by the upset of making wave bucket (22) described in each for each described breeding trough provides seawater.
2. by the closed recirculating cultivating system being suitable for the cultivation of Bao layer stereo described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pipeline between described water pump (12) and foam separator (14) is parallel with apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection (13), and this apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection (13) input, export two ends pipeline on and pipeline between water pump and foam separator (14) is respectively equipped with the valve of control piper switch.
3. by the closed recirculating cultivating system being suitable for the cultivation of Bao layer stereo described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the inside of each described breeding trough (1) is all divided into multiple cell body by multiple cultivation dividing plate (2), each described cultivation dividing plate (2) all has the hole passed through for seawater.
4. by the closed recirculating cultivating system being suitable for the cultivation of Bao layer stereo described in claim 3, it is characterized in that: each described breeding trough (1) is arranged on support (24) with stratiform up and down, the cell body of described breeding trough (1) is dark colour, and have discharge outlet (3) in water outlet side, the side of each described breeding trough (1) water outlet is equipped with a Rose Box (4) be arranged on support (24), and the discharge outlet (3) on each described breeding trough (1) is all connected with a described Rose Box (4).
5. by the closed recirculating cultivating system being suitable for the cultivation of Bao layer stereo described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the filter of described Rose Box (4) internal upper part is for filtering swash plate (5), this filtration swash plate (5) is one or more, is inclined at the top of described sewage sump (6); Described filtration swash plate (5) has multiple hole, and cotton at the biochemistry filtering the upper lay different pore size of swash plate (5).
6. by the closed recirculating cultivating system being suitable for the cultivation of Bao layer stereo described in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described filtration swash plate (5) is tilted to the opposite direction of current from the bottom to top, the upper biochemical cotton aperture of this filtration swash plate (5) becomes large from the bottom to top gradually; The bottom of described Rose Box (4) interior bottom sewage sump (6) has the blowoff valve (7) of cleaning discarded object.
7. by the closed recirculating cultivating system being suitable for the cultivation of Bao layer stereo described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the water inlet of described foam separator (14) is positioned at top, delivery port is positioned at bottom, and described jet pump (15) is positioned between the outer water inlet of foam separator (14) and delivery port.
8. by the closed recirculating cultivating system being suitable for the cultivation of Bao layer stereo described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described aeration plate (17) is positioned at the bottom of biological tank (16), be connected with the air pump (18) being positioned at the outer top of biological tank (16) tank body; The interior cloth of described biological tank (16) is placed with biologic packing material.
9. by the closed recirculating cultivating system being suitable for the cultivation of Bao layer stereo described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the top of making wave bucket (22) of each described breeding trough (1) top is equipped with water inlet pipe (21), every root water inlet pipe (21) is equipped with and makes the identical water nozzle (23) of unrestrained (22) quantity that struggles against with below, each water inlet pipe (21) is communicated in the delivery port of described oxygen cone (20).
10. by the closed recirculating cultivating system being suitable for the cultivation of Bao layer stereo described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described in make wave bucket (22) end face be trapezoidal, one end of trapezoidal upper base is articulated with on described support (24), and the one end of going to the bottom is openend.
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| CN113661956A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-19 | 厦门大学 | Rapid evaluation method for high-throughput abalone high-temperature resistance |
| CN117941640A (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-04-30 | 长岛东兴水产养殖有限公司 | Submarine caisson type abalone culture device |
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