CN104844318A - Modified stalk water-retaining fertilizer, and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Modified stalk water-retaining fertilizer, and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104844318A CN104844318A CN201510174172.5A CN201510174172A CN104844318A CN 104844318 A CN104844318 A CN 104844318A CN 201510174172 A CN201510174172 A CN 201510174172A CN 104844318 A CN104844318 A CN 104844318A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a modified stalk water-retaining fertilizer, and a preparation method thereof. The modified stalk water-retaining fertilizer is prepared from following raw materials, by weight, 60 to 80 parts of corn stalk, 30 to 45 parts of peanut shell, 10 to 15 parts of quartz sand, 60 to 75 parts of peanut cake, 10 to 15 parts of urea, 2 to 3 parts of EM bacteria agent, 8 to 12 parts of calcium superphosphate, 15 to 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 10 to 14 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 3 to 5 parts of ferrous sulphate, 3 to 5 parts of an additive, and an appropriate amount of water. The modified stalk water-retaining fertilizer is an organic fertilizer with extremely high water retention capacity, is suitable to be taken as a base fertilizer, can be used for long term crop nutrient supplement, is capable of providing crops with comprehensive nutrients, and improving growth conditions. According to the preparation method, a solution obtained by dissolving urea in water is used for immersing corn stalk, ammoniated treatment is carried out at a certain environment, and an obtained product is subjected to microwave irradiation, so that corn stalk surface becomes rough and porous, water retention capacity is improved, and at the same time, it is beneficial for decomposition and using of stalk.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Technology field of fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of modified straw water-retaining fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Process for stalk: chemically treated general method adopts the reagent such as acid, alkali, ammonia and oxygen, destroys the crosslinking structure of three elements in stalk by there is chemical reaction, reduces digestion difficulty, thus promotes fermentation efficiency.Acidification is a hydrolysis journey, and can be divided into concentrated acid process and olefin(e) acid process two class, but have severe corrosive due to concentrated acid, consider pollution problem, must reclaim after process, therefore olefin(e) acid process is more conventional; Examination NaOH, Ca (OH) that alkalinisation treatment is conventional
2, NaHCO
3deng, its effect is exactly the ehter bond destroying xylogen, by the ester bond saponification between hemicellulose and xylogen, from the inner hydrogen bond action of weakening, raw material is hydrolyzed and expands, reduce the polymerization degree and degree of crystallinity, and along with the dissolving of part carbon hydrate, adopt NaOH solution to carry out immersion treatment, the noticeable change of xylogen morphological structure in straw can be caused, the reticulated structure of xylogen suffers that destruction makes Mierocrystalline cellulose be released, and this is the basic internal factor causing rice anaerobic fermentation gas production to improve.The Ammonia reagent that ammoniated treatment adopts be alkalescence, also can play alkalization use, but general ammonia water-soluble after with the organism generation ammonolysis reaction in stalk, formation ammonium salt, can supply necessary nitrogenous source for microorganism growth.In addition, ammoniated treatment also can in and stalk in organic acid, microbic activity is strengthened.
Summary of the invention
In order to improve the utilization ratio being rich in xylogen stalk, by the radiation effect of microwave and add Ammonia alkali lye and carry out ammonification, improve the degree of roughness on stalk surface on the one hand, expand the contact area of itself and microbial inoculum, chemical element, matrix and other compositions, improve its wetting ability on the other hand, improve the polarity of stalk surface for water, improve stalk surface viscosity, the colloid performance of soil can be improved after being used as fertilizer, heighten soil water-retaining, fertilizer-preserving ability, improve the multinomial benefits such as the soil organism.
A kind of modified straw water-retaining fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: maize straw 60 ~ 80, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 30 ~ 45, quartz sand 10 ~ 15, peanut cake 60 ~ 75, urea 10 ~ 15, EM microbial inoculum 2 ~ 3, calcium superphosphate 8 ~ 12, potassium sulfate 15 ~ 20, ammonium hydrogen phosphate 10 ~ 14, ferrous sulfate 3 ~ 5, additive 3 ~ 5 and appropriate water;
Additive is made up of the raw material of following weight part: sodium lauryl sulphate 1 ~ 2, medical stone powder 6 ~ 8, vinyl acetate between to for plastic 7 ~ 10, ethanol 6 ~ 9, N,N methylene bis acrylamide 2 ~ 3 and appropriate water 30; Preparation method is: by ethanol and water mixed diluting in reactor, then vinyl acetate between to for plastic and N is added, N-methylene-bisacrylamide, 150 ~ 200r/min stirs 5 ~ 10min, finally add sodium lauryl sulphate and medical stone powder successively, form uniform emulsion stir composite 0.5 ~ 1h under the rotating speed of 250 ~ 400r/min after and get final product.
A preparation method for modified straw water-retaining fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprises following step:
(1) by maize straw and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae mixing, unification crusher in crushing becomes the bulk of length and width 3 ~ 4cm, adds the water of 2 ~ 3 times of its weight parts, then urea is added, after stirring and dissolving, ammoniated treatment 14 ~ 18 days under 30 ~ 35 DEG C of envrionment conditionss, then filters superfluous water and gets residue;
(2) described to (1) residue is put into microwave treatment machine, power 200 ~ 250w, microwave irradiation effect 6 ~ 10min;
(3) residue after described to (2) process is mixed with EM microbial inoculum, peanut cake and the quartz sand diluted that adds water 10 times, adjustment water content 60%, heap fermentation 6 ~ 10 days after mixing;
(4) described to (3) fermentation material is carried out separating twice, first add additive, then add calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ferrous sulfate and other remaining component, control water content 20% after mixing, granulation.
Proved by orthogonal test: the basic solution selecting the water-soluble rear generation ammonium radical ions such as urea, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium chloride, concentration is about 5% (accounting for stalk dry biomass), the prior stalk pulverized is soaked 15 ~ 20 days under 30 ~ 35 DEG C of temperature condition, then moisture is filtered dry, put into microwave treater, Modulating Power 200 ~ 250w effect 5 ~ 10min, the stalk after completing is by the photo display under former mechanics microscope:
Following a), b) being respectively processes front and back stalk configuration of surface figure:
Photo can be found out: undressed stalk surface smoothing, and fibre array is tightly orderly, and structure is hard; After treatment, stalk surface suffers that destruction to a certain degree becomes comparatively coarse, the many rough grooves of shape, occurs rupturing in a large number demixing phenomenon.
Following c), d) being respectively processes front and back stalk section morphology figure:
From the cross-sectional view of wheat stalk, due to the shear action cut out, the face tissue of untreated stalk is squeezed inwardly to compress and causes stalk to be out of shape; After ammoniated treatment, the parenchyma cell of wheat stalk is fluffy, vascular bundle deforms, stalk form is recovered, carry out analysis to ammonification mechanism to show, after process, the ester bond in Wheat Straw between xylogen and Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose is interrupted, and pattern structure is destroyed, dimension element is released from package structure, accelerates stalk hydrolysis.
Untreated wheat stalk contact angle (angle that liquid-gas interface tangent line and solid-liquid boundary line are formed, hydrophilic be defined as 90 °) is 98 °, belongs to not water-wetted surface; And the wheat stalk contact angle after process becomes 72.6 °, namely face presents wetting ability.The reason that hydrophilicity changes is: owing to containing silica cells and bolt cell plastid in wheat straw top layer, the surface of institute's shape is mineralization makes epidermis easily form stratum corneum with bolt matter structure, thus affect the hydrophilicity of matrix, make it easily moistening, thus change hydrophilic surface into.
The use advantage of additive: the present invention coordinates employing special additive, by vinyl acetate between to for plastic and the cross-linked material N with emulsification and cross linked characteristic, N-methylene-bisacrylamide and surfactant sodium lauryl sulphate is composite forms, add medical stone powder as structural agent, ethanol is made as solubility promoter, coordinate the surface of wetting ability stalk of the present invention, certain adsorptive power is had to fertilizer, first additive mixes with wetting ability stalk, then the viscosity property on stalk surface has again good bonding to chemical fertilizer, adsorptive power, greatly reduce the wastage of fertilizer.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention is the extremely strong organic fertilizer of a kind of water retention property, being applicable to base manure can for a long time for the nutrition supply of crop, make the nutrition of crop more comprehensively, development condition is better, and the solution soaking stalk after utilizing urea water-soluble, carries out ammoniated treatment under certain environment, and then through microwave irradiation effect, make stalk surface irregularity porous, strengthen the ability of its reserved moisture, contribute to Straw decomposing and utilization simultaneously.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of modified straw water-retaining fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part (Kg): maize straw 80, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 30, quartz sand 10, peanut cake 60, urea 10, EM microbial inoculum 3, calcium superphosphate 8, potassium sulfate 16, ammonium hydrogen phosphate 12, ferrous sulfate 4, additive 4 and appropriate water;
Additive is made up of the raw material of following weight part: sodium lauryl sulphate 1, medical stone powder 6, vinyl acetate between to for plastic 8, ethanol 8, N,N methylene bis acrylamide 3 and appropriate water 30; Preparation method is: by ethanol and water mixed diluting in reactor, then vinyl acetate between to for plastic and N is added, N-methylene-bisacrylamide, 150 ~ 200r/min stirs 5 ~ 10min, finally add sodium lauryl sulphate and medical stone powder successively, form uniform emulsion stir composite 0.5 ~ 1h under the rotating speed of 250 ~ 400r/min after and get final product.
A preparation method for modified straw water-retaining fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprises following step:
(1) by maize straw and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae mixing, unification crusher in crushing becomes the bulk of length and width 3 ~ 4cm, adds the water of 2 ~ 3 times of its weight parts, then urea is added, after stirring and dissolving, ammoniated treatment 14 ~ 18 days under 30 ~ 35 DEG C of envrionment conditionss, then filters superfluous water and gets residue;
(2) described to (1) residue is put into microwave treatment machine, power 200 ~ 250w, microwave irradiation effect 6 ~ 10min;
(3) residue after described to (2) process is mixed with EM microbial inoculum, peanut cake and the quartz sand diluted that adds water 10 times, adjustment water content 60%, heap fermentation 6 ~ 10 days after mixing;
(4) described to (3) fermentation material is carried out separating twice, first add additive, then add calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ferrous sulfate and other remaining component, control water content 20% after mixing, granulation.
Modified straw water-retaining fertilizer of the present invention is used for plant common agricultural experiment, select 5 mu of planting bases, use fertilizer of the present invention, as experimental group, common fertilizer is executed in 5 mu of bases of control group routinely planting requirement, other condition is identical, and experiment proves, when using identical amount fertilizer, the farm crop of experimental group plantation, better, growing way is obviously better than control group, and output obviously promotes for its stalk and branches and leaves developmental state, detect soil simultaneously, that the soil is porous is ventilative for experimental group soil, and water retention capacity significantly promotes, and economy comparatively improves 25.1% former years.
Claims (2)
1. a modified straw water-retaining fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: maize straw 60 ~ 80, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 30 ~ 45, quartz sand 10 ~ 15, peanut cake 60 ~ 75, urea 10 ~ 15, EM microbial inoculum 2 ~ 3, calcium superphosphate 8 ~ 12, potassium sulfate 15 ~ 20, ammonium hydrogen phosphate 10 ~ 14, ferrous sulfate 3 ~ 5, additive 3 ~ 5 and appropriate water;
Additive is made up of the raw material of following weight part: sodium lauryl sulphate 1 ~ 2, medical stone powder 6 ~ 8, vinyl acetate between to for plastic 7 ~ 10, ethanol 6 ~ 9, N,N methylene bis acrylamide 2 ~ 3 and appropriate water 30; Preparation method is: by ethanol and water mixed diluting in reactor, then vinyl acetate between to for plastic and N is added, N-methylene-bisacrylamide, 150 ~ 200r/min stirs 5 ~ 10min, finally add sodium lauryl sulphate and medical stone powder successively, form uniform emulsion stir composite 0.5 ~ 1h under the rotating speed of 250 ~ 400r/min after and get final product.
2. the preparation method of a kind of modified straw water-retaining fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise following step:
(1) by maize straw and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae mixing, unification crusher in crushing becomes the bulk of length and width 3 ~ 4cm, adds the water of 2 ~ 3 times of its weight parts, then urea is added, after stirring and dissolving, ammoniated treatment 14 ~ 18 days under 30 ~ 35 DEG C of envrionment conditionss, then filters superfluous water and gets residue;
(2) described to (1) residue is put into microwave treatment machine, power 200 ~ 250w, microwave irradiation effect 6 ~ 10min;
(3) residue after described to (2) process is mixed with EM microbial inoculum, peanut cake and the quartz sand diluted that adds water 10 times, adjustment water content 60%, heap fermentation 6 ~ 10 days after mixing;
(4) described to (3) fermentation material is carried out separating twice, first add additive, then add calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ferrous sulfate and other remaining component, control water content 20% after mixing, granulation.
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| CN201510174172.5A CN104844318A (en) | 2015-04-14 | 2015-04-14 | Modified stalk water-retaining fertilizer, and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201510174172.5A CN104844318A (en) | 2015-04-14 | 2015-04-14 | Modified stalk water-retaining fertilizer, and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105359801A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-03-02 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Application of hill soil quick water-storage and fertilizer-increasing compound material in crop planting |
| CN105884428A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-08-24 | 吕爱萍 | Anti-caking water-retaining compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107235813A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-10-10 | 天津市实验林场 | A kind of method that utilization stalk produces biomass fertilizers |
| CN110604131A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-24 | 中国有色桂林矿产地质研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of porous material composition coated by pesticide-loaded slow-release degradable film |
| CN110981626A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-10 | 绵阳市隆豪农业有限公司 | Straw compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| JPS56109886A (en) * | 1980-01-14 | 1981-08-31 | Japan Atomic Energy Res Inst | Novel method of composting organic waste |
| CN1400194A (en) * | 2001-08-03 | 2003-03-05 | 中国科学院化工冶金研究所 | Method for preparing ecological fertilizer by using steam-puffed plant straw and stalk as raw material through solid fermentation |
| CN101139231A (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2008-03-12 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for preparing organic composite fertilizer by micro-wave pretreatment of solid organic waste material |
| CN101696140A (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2010-04-21 | 西北农林科技大学 | Wheat special soil stock amplification and capacity increase fertilizer produced by mixed straw and preparation method thereof |
| CN102167787A (en) * | 2011-03-09 | 2011-08-31 | 陕西国防工业职业技术学院 | Preparation method of medical stone composite water-absorbing material |
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2015
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Patent Citations (5)
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| JPS56109886A (en) * | 1980-01-14 | 1981-08-31 | Japan Atomic Energy Res Inst | Novel method of composting organic waste |
| CN1400194A (en) * | 2001-08-03 | 2003-03-05 | 中国科学院化工冶金研究所 | Method for preparing ecological fertilizer by using steam-puffed plant straw and stalk as raw material through solid fermentation |
| CN101139231A (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2008-03-12 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for preparing organic composite fertilizer by micro-wave pretreatment of solid organic waste material |
| CN101696140A (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2010-04-21 | 西北农林科技大学 | Wheat special soil stock amplification and capacity increase fertilizer produced by mixed straw and preparation method thereof |
| CN102167787A (en) * | 2011-03-09 | 2011-08-31 | 陕西国防工业职业技术学院 | Preparation method of medical stone composite water-absorbing material |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105359801A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-03-02 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Application of hill soil quick water-storage and fertilizer-increasing compound material in crop planting |
| CN105359801B (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2018-05-08 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Application of the quick water storage getting fat complex material of hilly soils in crop-planting |
| CN105884428A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-08-24 | 吕爱萍 | Anti-caking water-retaining compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107235813A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-10-10 | 天津市实验林场 | A kind of method that utilization stalk produces biomass fertilizers |
| CN110604131A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-24 | 中国有色桂林矿产地质研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of porous material composition coated by pesticide-loaded slow-release degradable film |
| CN110981626A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-10 | 绵阳市隆豪农业有限公司 | Straw compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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