CN103467198A - Special tomato leaf surface compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special tomato leaf surface compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103467198A CN103467198A CN2013104158700A CN201310415870A CN103467198A CN 103467198 A CN103467198 A CN 103467198A CN 2013104158700 A CN2013104158700 A CN 2013104158700A CN 201310415870 A CN201310415870 A CN 201310415870A CN 103467198 A CN103467198 A CN 103467198A
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Abstract
The invention provides a special tomato leaf surface compound fertilizer which comprises mixed liquid fertilizer and an EM (Effective Microorganism) scale-up medium, wherein the mixed liquid fertilizer contains calcium chloride water solution, calcium nitrate water solution and potassium nitrate water solution, and the EM scale-up medium contains molasses, EM medium and water. The invention further provides a preparation method of the compound fertilizer. The compound fertilizer is simple in preparation technique and low in cost, effectively combines microorganism technology and compound fertilizer technology, effectively couples potassium nitrate, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and other fertilizers, and performs fermentation treatment by taking EM as a carrier; on one hand, nutrition balance can be achieved, the growth and development of tomato plants can be promoted, and the tomato yield can be increased; on the other hand, the blossom-end rot disease attack rate of tomatoes can be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the agricultural fertilizer field, the particularly special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer of a kind of tomato, also relate to the preparation method of this composite fertilizer.
Background technology
The tomato blossom-end rot, claim again blossom-end rot, is one of disease common on tomato.Particularly serious in sandy loam area and the dry year harm in coastal (river), morbidity seriously often causes the fruit blackspot, rots, and directly affects yield and quality.
The tomato blossom-end rot generally occurs in fruit and grows to walnut when large.Show as at first umbilical region and the water soaking mode scab occurs, after enlarge gradually, cause fruit top depression, browning.Scab general diameter 1-2cm, expand to a smaller part fruit when serious.When drying, disease section is keratin, runs into wet condition, and various mould layers are born on surface, often are white, pink and black.These mould layers are saprophytic fungus rather than this sick cause of disease.The fruit of morbidity mostly occurs on the 1st, 2 fringe fruits, and these fruits are often childlike, harden, and redden ahead of time.The existing method of preventing and treating to the tomato blossom-end rot adopts usually controls implantation methods such as watering the water yield, and not only specific aim is not strong, operates more loaded down with trivial detailsly, and prevention effect is not good.
Calcium ion can maintain structure and its integrity of tomato cell film, in the practical study process, find that in tamato fruit, higher calcium ion content can strengthen the ability that it resists the physiological disorders such as bacterial wilt, blossom-end rot, using of external source calcareous fertilisers becomes a kind of common mode that tomato is supplemented calcium nutrition.Traditional foliage fertilizer is main mainly with chemical fertilizer, and tomato comprises CaSO42H2O (Hall, 1977) with the foliage fertilizer material, CaNO34H2O (Eraslan et al., 2007; Murillo-Amador et al., 2006), CaCl2 (Dong Caixia, 2001; Schmitz-Eiberger et al., 2002; Xu et al., 2010), CaO (Almeida et al., 2009; Asiegbu and Uzo, 1983) etc.Because foliage fertilizer fertilizer is not active, add that some areas irrigation water supply is unstable, the transpiration of tomato plant a little less than, effective element in fertilizer can't arrive the organ that needs this element with water, often just need to carry out reinforced effects by improving rate of fertilizer or increasing the Fertilizer application frequency, this has not only wasted manure resources, has also destroyed to a certain extent farmland ecological environment.So far, yet there are no about utilizing the report of the tomato effective microorganisms (EM) Technology research and development, that the calcium constituent of take is the master with composite foliage fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of the present invention is to provide the special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer of a kind of tomato nutritious, that can effectively prevent and treat the tomato blossom-end rot.
Technical scheme: the special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer of a kind of tomato provided by the invention, enlarging liquid by mixes liquid fertilizer and EM makes, described mixes liquid fertilizer is made by calcium chloride water, calcium nitrate aqueous solution, Alkitrate, and described EM enlarges liquid and made by molasses, EM stoste and water.
As preferably, by volume ratio, be (0.5-1.5): the fertile and EM expansion liquid of 1 mixes liquid is made.
Preferred as another kind, the Alkitrate that the calcium nitrate aqueous solution that the calcium chloride water that mixes liquid fertilizer is 1-3% by the calcium ion mass percent concentration, calcium ion mass percent concentration are 1-3%, potassium ion mass percent concentration are 0.5-1.5% is made.
Preferred as another kind, it is (15-20) by volume ratio that described EM enlarges liquid: (10-15): 120 molasses, EM stoste and water are made.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of the special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer of described tomato, comprises the following steps:
(1) the fertile preparation of mixes liquid: calcium chloride water, calcium nitrate aqueous solution, Alkitrate mix, and obtain mixes liquid fertilizer;
(2) EM enlarges the liquid preparation: molasses and EM stoste are soluble in water, and ferment at constant temperature, obtain EM and enlarge liquid;
(3) the special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer preparation of tomato: EM is enlarged to liquid and mix with mixes liquid fertilizer solution, constant temperature culture, obtain.
Wherein, in step (1), in described calcium chloride water, the mass percent concentration of calcium ion is 1-3%, and in described calcium nitrate aqueous solution, the mass percent concentration of calcium ion is 1-3%, and in described Alkitrate, the mass percent concentration of potassium ion is 0.5-1.5%; Preferably, in described calcium chloride water, the mass percent concentration of calcium ion is 2%, and in described calcium nitrate aqueous solution, the mass percent concentration of calcium ion is 2%, and in described Alkitrate, the mass percent concentration of potassium ion is 1%; The volume ratio of described calcium chloride water, calcium nitrate aqueous solution, Alkitrate is (1-3): (1-3): (1-3), and preferred 1:1:1.
Wherein, in step (2), the volume ratio of molasses, EM stoste and water is (15-20): (10-15): 120, and preferably the volume ratio of molasses, EM stoste and water is 18:12:120; Leavening temperature is 27-33 ℃, and fermentation time is 5-10d, and preferably, leavening temperature is 30 ℃, and fermentation time is 7d; The pH value that EM enlarges liquid is 3.5-4.5.
In step (3), the volume ratio that EM enlarges liquid and mixes liquid fertilizer is (0.5-1.5): 1, and preferred 1:1; Culture temperature is 25-30 ℃, and incubation time is 5-10d, and preferably, culture temperature is 30 ℃, and incubation time is 7d.
Beneficial effect: foliar compound fertilizer preparation technology provided by the invention is simple, with low cost, effective microorganisms (EM) Technology is combined with the composite fertilizer technology, with fertilizer efficient couplings such as saltpetre, calcium chloride, nitrocalcite, and take EM and it is carried out to fermentative processing as carrier, balanced in nutrition on the one hand, what promoted tomato plant grows, has improved tomato yield, can greatly reduce tomato blossom-end rot sickness rate on the other hand.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is foliar compound fertilizer preparation technology schema of the present invention.
Embodiment
According to following embodiment, the present invention may be better understood.Yet, those skilled in the art will readily understand, the described concrete material proportion of embodiment, processing condition and result thereof be only for the present invention is described, and should also can not limit the present invention described in detail in claims.
Embodiment 1
The special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer of tomato adopts following methods to make:
(1) the fertile preparation of mixes liquid: by 2 ‰ Ca
2+the calcium chloride solution 50ml of concentration, 2 ‰ Ca
2+the ca nitrate soln 50ml of concentration, 1 ‰ K
+the potassium nitrate solution 50ml of concentration mixes, stand-by, and order of addition in no particular order;
(2) EM enlarges the liquid preparation: select EM stoste and the molasses of liking that peaceful happy environment friendly biological technology company limited produces.The 18ml molasses are added in 120ml distilled water, after stirring, add 12mlEM stoste and also mix, put into 30 ℃ of thermostat containers fermentations 7 days, take out stand-byly, this EM expansion liquid pH value is 4.0;
(3) composite foliage fertilizer preparation: the EM prepared is enlarged to liquid and slowly add the fertile solution of mixes liquid, fully mix, put into 28 ℃ of constant incubators and cultivate taking-up afterwards in 7 days, cooling, obtain.
Embodiment 2
The special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer of tomato adopts following methods to make:
(1) the fertile preparation of mixes liquid: by 3 ‰ Ca
2+the calcium chloride solution 20ml of concentration, 2 ‰ Ca
2+the ca nitrate soln 60ml of concentration, 0.5 ‰ K
+the potassium nitrate solution 60ml of concentration mixes, stand-by, and order of addition in no particular order;
(2) EM enlarges the liquid preparation: select EM stoste and the molasses of liking that peaceful happy environment friendly biological technology company limited produces.The 37.3ml molasses are added in 224ml distilled water, after stirring, add 18.7mlEM stoste and also mix, put into 27 ℃ of thermostat containers fermentations 10 days, take out stand-byly, this EM expansion liquid pH value is 4.2;
(3) composite foliage fertilizer preparation: the EM prepared is enlarged to liquid and slowly add the fertile solution of mixes liquid, fully mix, put into 30 ℃ of constant incubators and cultivate taking-up afterwards in 5 days, cooling, obtain.
Embodiment 3
The special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer of tomato adopts following methods to make:
(1) the fertile preparation of mixes liquid: by 1 ‰ Ca
2+the calcium chloride solution 60ml of concentration, 1 ‰ Ca
2+the ca nitrate soln 60ml of concentration, 1.5 ‰ K
+the potassium nitrate solution 20ml of concentration mixes, stand-by, and order of addition in no particular order;
(2) EM enlarges the liquid preparation: select EM stoste and the molasses of liking that peaceful happy environment friendly biological technology company limited produces.The 14ml molasses are added in 112ml distilled water, after stirring, add 14mlEM stoste and also mix, put into 33 ℃ of thermostat containers fermentations 5 days, take out stand-byly, this EM expansion liquid pH value is 4.5;
(3) composite foliage fertilizer preparation: the EM prepared is enlarged to liquid and slowly add the fertile solution of mixes liquid, fully mix, put into 25 ℃ of constant incubators and cultivate taking-up afterwards in 10 days, cooling, obtain.
Embodiment 4
The special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer of tomato adopts following methods to make:
(1) the fertile preparation of mixes liquid: by 2 ‰ Ca
2+the calcium chloride solution 60ml of concentration, 3 ‰ Ca
2+the ca nitrate soln 20ml of concentration, 0.5 ‰ K
+the potassium nitrate solution 40ml of concentration mixes, stand-by, and order of addition in no particular order;
(2) EM enlarges the liquid preparation: select EM1 stoste and the molasses of liking that peaceful happy environment friendly biological technology company limited produces.The 9.6ml molasses are added in 64ml distilled water, after stirring, add 6.4mlEM stoste and also mix, put into 30 ℃ of thermostat containers fermentations 7 days, take out stand-byly, this EM expansion liquid pH value is 3.5;
(3) composite foliage fertilizer preparation: the EM prepared is enlarged to liquid and slowly add the fertile solution of mixes liquid, fully mix, put into 28 ℃ of constant incubators and cultivate taking-up afterwards in 7 days, cooling, obtain.
Embodiment 5
Measure the prevention effect of the special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer of tomato of embodiment 1 to 4 to the tomato blossom-end rot
At In A Certain Locality, Jiangsu Province, the field efficacy of the special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer of the tomato of the embodiment of the present invention 1 to 4 to be tested, amount of application is each 2ml/ strain, spray in spire and young fruit and show, spraying the timed interval is 3 days, adopts the common potash fertilizer of same amount in contrast simultaneously, the results are shown in Table 1.
The field control effectiveness test of the special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer of the tomato of table 1 embodiment 1 to 4
| ? | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Contrast |
| Output (kg ha -1） | 71.93a | 70.22a | 61.73b | 64.28b | 55.67c |
| Blossom-end rot sickness rate (%) | 9.18c | 12.33b | 17.62ab | 15.44ab | 21.09a |
| Tomato single fruit weight (g) | 131.21a | 129.68a | 123.67b | 127.98a | 119.87b |
| The average stem of tomato thick (cm) | 1.74a | 1.74a | 1.62b | 1.68b | 1.52c |
Annotate: a in table, b, the letter representations such as c with the same mensuration project of a line at P
0.05statistical significance on level (Duncan ' s ranging test)
Claims (8)
1. the special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer of a tomato, it is characterized in that: enlarge liquid by mixes liquid fertilizer and EM and make, described mixes liquid fertilizer is made by calcium chloride water, calcium nitrate aqueous solution, Alkitrate, and described EM enlarges liquid and made by molasses, EM stoste and water.
2. the special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer of a kind of tomato according to claim 1 is characterized in that: by volume ratio, be (0.5-1.5): the fertile and EM expansion liquid of 1 mixes liquid is made.
3. the special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer of a kind of tomato according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the Alkitrate that the calcium nitrate aqueous solution that the calcium chloride water that mixes liquid fertilizer is 1-3% by the calcium ion mass percent concentration, calcium ion mass percent concentration are 1-3%, potassium ion mass percent concentration are 0.5-1.5% is made.
4. the special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer of a kind of tomato according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is (15-20) by volume ratio that described EM enlarges liquid: (10-15): 120 molasses, EM stoste and water are made.
5. the preparation method of the special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer of the described tomato of claim 1 to 4 any one is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) the fertile preparation of mixes liquid: calcium chloride water, calcium nitrate aqueous solution, Alkitrate mix, and obtain mixes liquid fertilizer;
(2) EM enlarges the liquid preparation: molasses and EM stoste are soluble in water, and ferment at constant temperature, obtain EM and enlarge liquid;
(3) the special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer preparation of tomato: EM is enlarged to liquid and mix with mixes liquid fertilizer solution, constant temperature culture, obtain.
6. the preparation method of the special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer of tomato according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in step (1), in described calcium chloride water, the mass percent concentration of calcium ion is 1-3%, in described calcium nitrate aqueous solution, the mass percent concentration of calcium ion is 1-3%, and in described Alkitrate, the mass percent concentration of potassium ion is 0.5-1.5%.
7. the preparation method of the special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer of tomato according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in step (2), the volume ratio of molasses, EM stoste and water is (15-20): (10-15): 120, leavening temperature is 27-33 ℃, fermentation time is 5-10d, and the pH value that EM enlarges liquid is 3.5-4.5.
8. the preparation method of the special-purpose foliar compound fertilizer of tomato according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in step (3), the volume ratio that EM enlarges liquid and mixes liquid fertilizer is (0.5-1.5): 1, culture temperature is 25-30 ℃, incubation time is 5-10d.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103988693A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-20 | 丹阳圣丽园农业发展有限公司 | Autumn tomato plant cultivation method at high temperature |
| CN104262002A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-07 | 河海大学 | Special biological water-retaining fertilizer for flue-cured tobaccos |
| CN104446952A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-03-25 | 河海大学 | Efficient microbial compound fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato blossom end rot and preparation method thereof |
| CN104593305A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-05-06 | 张掖市畜牧兽医研究所 | Method for producing EM stock solution by taking beet molasses as main substrate |
| CN105325141A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2016-02-17 | 临沂大学 | Cherry tomato matrix cultivation method |
| CN106045722A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-10-26 | 福建农林大学 | Foliar fertilizer for improving tomato fruit local flavor |
| CN106146168A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-11-23 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of multi-effect foliage is fertile |
| CN112250515A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-01-22 | 山东和田旺生物科技有限公司 | Microbial compound fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato navel rot and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1568649A (en) * | 2003-07-21 | 2005-01-26 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Tomato with high content of calcium and cultivating method thereof |
| CN101250066A (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2008-08-27 | 桂林工学院 | Method for producing biological leaf fertilizer by using waste molasses of sugar plant |
| CN102992822A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-03-27 | 竹溪县宝田生物制品有限公司 | Biological bacterium liquid tea leaf fertilizer and production method |
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2013
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1568649A (en) * | 2003-07-21 | 2005-01-26 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Tomato with high content of calcium and cultivating method thereof |
| CN101250066A (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2008-08-27 | 桂林工学院 | Method for producing biological leaf fertilizer by using waste molasses of sugar plant |
| CN102992822A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-03-27 | 竹溪县宝田生物制品有限公司 | Biological bacterium liquid tea leaf fertilizer and production method |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103988693A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-20 | 丹阳圣丽园农业发展有限公司 | Autumn tomato plant cultivation method at high temperature |
| CN104262002A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-07 | 河海大学 | Special biological water-retaining fertilizer for flue-cured tobaccos |
| CN104446952A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-03-25 | 河海大学 | Efficient microbial compound fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato blossom end rot and preparation method thereof |
| CN104593305A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-05-06 | 张掖市畜牧兽医研究所 | Method for producing EM stock solution by taking beet molasses as main substrate |
| CN105325141A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2016-02-17 | 临沂大学 | Cherry tomato matrix cultivation method |
| CN106045722A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-10-26 | 福建农林大学 | Foliar fertilizer for improving tomato fruit local flavor |
| CN106146168A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-11-23 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of multi-effect foliage is fertile |
| CN112250515A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-01-22 | 山东和田旺生物科技有限公司 | Microbial compound fertilizer for preventing and treating tomato navel rot and preparation method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20190520 Address after: 211135 Spring Community of Dongshan Street, Jiangning District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: NANJING NINGLIANG BIOLOGICAL FERTILIZER CO.,LTD. Address before: 210000 No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: HOHAI University |
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Address after: 211135 Spring Community of Dongshan Street, Jiangning District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Nanjing ningliang Environmental Protection Group Co.,Ltd. Address before: 211135 Spring Community of Dongshan Street, Jiangning District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: NANJING NINGLIANG BIOLOGICAL FERTILIZER Co.,Ltd. |
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