CN104833548A - Convective barrier-type suspended substance acquisition instrument - Google Patents
Convective barrier-type suspended substance acquisition instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN104833548A CN104833548A CN201510210171.1A CN201510210171A CN104833548A CN 104833548 A CN104833548 A CN 104833548A CN 201510210171 A CN201510210171 A CN 201510210171A CN 104833548 A CN104833548 A CN 104833548A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a convective barrier-type suspended substance acquisition instrument, and belongs to the technical fields of environment monitoring, environment treatment, and suspended substance acquisition. The instrument mainly comprises a weak-perturbation piston-type raw water sample acquisition instrument, which is mainly composed of a convective barrel, an axial-flow pump, a barrel cover, a filter membrane, a barrier-type support, a base, a partitioned water-insulation barrel, a filter screen, and a water outlet. The convective barrel, axial-flow pump, and layered filter membrane can filter a raw suspended substance sample on site without obstruction. The provided instrument can achieve weak-perturbation layered concentration and acquisition on a suspended substance sample; moreover multiple technologies are adopted to prevent the filter membrane from being obstructed, and thus the concentration multiple of the suspended substance can be restored precisely. The acquisition instrument has the characteristics of strong representativeness, high efficiency, low production cost, and convenient operation, and does not destroy the structure of the suspended substances.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental monitoring, environmental improvement and suspension sample collection technical field, relate to the layering collection of suspension sample of river, lake, reservoir, being related specifically to flocculate in water body is main differential suspension thing sample collection.
Background technology
China's gross amount of water resources is deficient, and along with socioeconomic development, quality problem will be more outstanding.Pollutant in water body exists with solubilised state, suspension states of matter and deposited three kinds of forms, and the change of water quality is determined by the Transport And Transformation of pollutant between three.Suspension in water body is absorption multiple harmful substances itself not only, and contains biochemical process, or the important channel of pollutant Transport And Transformation in water body and suspension.In addition, because specific surface area is large, high adsorption capacity, the pollutant levels of its enrichment can reach the decades of times of sedimental several times, water body.Therefore, accurate acquisition water body recovery technology sample is the key comprehensively grasping water quality condition.
Monitoring water environment specification points out that suspension refers to the residue through 0.45 μm of membrane filtration, contains all particle, floccus, floating thing etc. of in water body more than 0.45 μm.In fact, suspension is the flocculate or complex compound that in water body, between aqueous water and solid particle, water saturation degree is very high, has very strong reactivity and migratory activity, and the fragility of structure is very easily damaged.Because it is less at water body Midst density, in order to the suspension gathering sufficient amount carries out analytical test, need to carry out enrichment process in sampling water body.The method of existing enrichment suspension sample, emphasis is separating solids material from thin suspension, carries out enrichment by sedimentation (filtration) and evaporation (drying).The conventional method of sampling comprises: then a large amount of water sample of (1) collection in worksite filters in laboratory; (2) throw in suspension drip catcher and collect a period of time new sedimentation in (one month or 1 year) or the easy benthal deposit again becoming suspension; (3) by submersible pump to different water depth, the water of different levels is evacuated to water surface filter membrane and concentrates; (4) gather sediment, suspension is prepared in laboratory.Existing acquisition method all has certain restriction in fidelity, ageing, operability.In suspension, the content needed for quantitative test of pollutant is generally in g, but most Suspended Matter in Water content is mg/L level, such employing first kind of way just needs the water sample gathering dozens or even hundreds of liter, consider the demand of sample layering again, a point can be caused just to need hundreds of premium on currency sample, and it is all very inconvenient to transport and gather; Second method collection be sample in a period of time, gather the comprehensive sample in the period, but water body is easily subject to the impact of extraneous hydrometeorology, disposal of pollutants, suspension content and feature also can dynamic changes, this acquisition mode cannot catch the dynamic change of suspension exactly, and the principle of this acquisition mode to be gravity settling also cannot catch for the suspension of flocculation floating state; The third mode utilizes submersible pump directly to draw water filtration, and efficiency is high and simple, but there are some researches show in pump process, and the Structure and form of suspension is likely destroyed by water pump blade, affects the quantitative test of suspension; 4th kind of mode is actual is simulate sediment resuspension process.These methods are main suspension for research particle is effective, but can not meet the demand of the synthetic studies such as suspension organoleptic indicator, Biological indicators, chemical index and characterization of adsorption.
Obviously, aforementioned wetting system of adopting all does not possess the function that quick micro-disturbance enrichment gathers suspension, the especially original state collection of the suspension sample that flocculate is more.Acquisition time is short, water disturbance is little (not destroying suspension Structure and morphology), sample portable (enrichment method), suspension sampling thief without the function such as blocking to need research and development to have.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a set ofly does not destroy suspension virgin state, sample is portable, collecting efficiency is high, be applicable to the suspension sample collecting device of the inland waters such as river, lake, reservoir, being especially applicable to flocculate is main suspension layering collection.This device also can calculate cycles of concentration easily.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Convection current barrier type suspension Acquisition Instrument, primarily of convection type staving, axial flow pump, bung, filter membrane, barrier type support, bearing, subregion water proof bucket, filter screen, water delivering orifice composition.Axial flow pump, convection type staving and filter membrane filtration in-situ water extracts is adopted to obtain suspension sample.
Convection type staving upper end is evenly provided with 3 water inlets tilted, flat inclination is 45 °, the inertial force that vergence direction and earth rotation produce is consistent, be designed to counterclockwise during the Northern Hemisphere, clockwise direction is designed to during the Southern Hemisphere, ensure that water inlet direction is consistent with water (flow) direction substantially, reduce disturbance during water inlet, and have certain vertical angle, water body is moved in rotary parabolic line mode in bucket, be in dynamic rotary state, not only reduce suspension and be adsorbed on chance on filter membrane, the suspension that filter membrane adheres to can also be washed away, water inlet is equipped with filter screen and prevents large-sized object from entering convection type staving, destroy equipment operation.Convection type staving lower end arranges bearing and installs axial flow pump, bilayer zone rubber draw-in groove is set, one deck is in order to be connected with barrier type support, one deck is in order to be connected with subregion water proof bucket in addition, double-deck pocket numbers is identical with the filter membrane number of plies, make the suspension sample storage after concentrating like this between each metafiltration film, achieve the concentrated collection of on-the-spot suspension layering.The mouth of a river is set out in order to gather the concentrated suspension sample of layering at different filter membranous layers bottom convection type staving.Convection type staving is organic glass material, directly can also observe sample morphology.
Axial flow pump is fixed on convection type staving lower end, the innermost layer of barrier type support, the water inlet of water pump under, water delivering orifice is upper, and water delivering orifice up stretches out one section, to reduce the cross influence of the water body to sampling depth.Because the water inlet of staving is on top, the water inlet of water pump, in bottom, can form above-mentioned para-curve water intake mode under the effect of dynamical elevation.Water pump is arranged on innermost layer, and the sample that each metafiltration film stores, all not through water pump vane, remains original form, and the suspension of greater particle size is all extremely small particle at innermost layer after each metafiltration membrane filtration, and water pump does not affect substantially on it.Meanwhile, by the working flow of calculating sampling time and pump, just can calculate and filter volume of water sample V0, just can obtain cycles of concentration with its volume V1 except convection type staving.
Bung is connected with convection type staving by bolt, and shimming waterproof.Bung there are two apertures be the preformed hole of axial flow pump and cable respectively, connect by watertight connector.Bung top is provided with four projections with holes, and in order to tied rope, lift equipment, guarantees that cable does not stress, and bung bottom is provided with the draw-in groove of band rubber in order to be connected with barrier type support, is formed and seals, ensure the sample not reciprocal effect in each metafiltration film with bracket end.
Filter membrane is adsorbed on barrier type support, four metafiltration films are from big to small provided with from staving side to water pump, the suspension of different-grain diameter is stored in different intervals and reduces blocking, raise the efficiency, its filter sizes and filter membrane quantity according to different increases in demand or can be deleted.
Barrier type support has multilayer, and quantity and filter membrane quantity are consistent, and upper and lower end parts is totally-enclosed design and forms sealing to coordinate convection type staving and bung, and middle part realizes water body layered filtration for barrier type designs in order to fixing filter membrane.
Bearing and convection type staving with bolts, in order to playing a supporting role when collecting suspension sample, also can prevent equipment from touching the end simultaneously and playing a protective role.
Aperture is left to pass through to the water delivering orifice of axial flow pump in subregion water proof bucket top, its underpart is tiered form, its number of plies and the filter membrane number of plies are always, each layer diameter is less than barrier type support, and can insert convection type staving bottom draw-in groove and convection type staving forms suspension concentrating sample storage area that is relatively independent, density stratification.
The present invention is compared to the deficiency of existing suspension collecting device in fidelity, ageing, operability, emphasis has captured the original state collection that flocculate is main suspension sample, has invented the convection current barrier type suspension Acquisition Instrument having functions such as being applicable to sample concentration, layering preservation, micro-disturbance sampling, observation form and be integrated.Have do not destroy suspension structure, representative strong, efficiency is high, cost is low, the feature such as easy and simple to handle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 a is convection current barrier type suspension Acquisition Instrument structural representation.
Fig. 1 b is convection current barrier type suspension Acquisition Instrument structure cut-open view
Fig. 2 is that convection current barrier type suspension Acquisition Instrument sample reclaims schematic diagram
In figure: 1 staving; 2 axial flow pump; 3 bungs; 4 filter membranes; 5 barrier type supports; 6 bearings; 7 subregion water proof buckets; 8 filter screens; 9 water delivering orifices.
Embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with technical scheme and accompanying drawing.
The concrete implementation step of convection current barrier type suspension Acquisition Instrument is as follows:
Step 1: axial flow pump 2 is arranged on convection type staving 1, then erection support 6, afterwards each metafiltration film 4 is adsorbed on the barrier type support 5 of layering, and insert the draw-in groove of convection type staving 1 bottom, again the draw-in groove of bung 3 is alignd with absorption filter membrane 4 barrier type support 5 and cover, then rope is bound, the waterproof of last checkout facility and operation covering.
Step 2: in the event of a power failure Acquisition Instrument is transferred to desired depth, then energising also timing, its power supply can be provided by gasoline engine generator or sampling boat, according to the roughly situation of water body recovery technology, time needed for setting gathers, general 30 minutes, power-off afterwards, record the time used and calculate V0, equipment being carried to sampling boat or other work places.
Step 3: opened by bung 3, inserts convection type staving 1 bottom subregion water proof bucket 7, and each filter membrane forms suspension concentrating sample storage area that is relatively independent, density stratification.
Step 4: the suspension opening water delivering orifice 9 switch collection different-grain diameter concentrates sample, with V0 except the volume V1 of convection type staving 1 just can obtain cycles of concentration, end of so far sampling, sampling next time repeats above-mentioned steps.
Claims (3)
1. a convection current barrier type suspension Acquisition Instrument, primarily of convection type staving (1), axial flow pump (2), bung (3), filter membrane (4), barrier type support (5), bearing (6), subregion water proof bucket (7), filter screen (8), water delivering orifice (9) composition; It is characterized in that, adopt axial flow pump (2), convection type staving (1) and filter membrane (8) filtration in-situ water extracts to obtain suspension sample;
Convection type staving (1) upper end is evenly provided with 3 water inlets tilted, and flat inclination is 45 °, and the inertial force that vergence direction and earth rotation produce is consistent; Water inlet equipment filter screen (8) prevents large-sized object from entering convection type staving, destroys equipment operation; Convection type staving (1) lower end arranges bearing and installs axial flow pump (2), bilayer zone rubber draw-in groove is set, one deck is in order to be connected with barrier type support (5), one deck is in order to be connected with subregion water proof bucket (7) in addition, double-deck pocket numbers is identical with the filter membrane number of plies, make the suspension sample storage after concentrating between each metafiltration film, realize the concentrated collection of on-the-spot suspension layering; Convection type staving (1) bottom sets out the mouth of a river (9) in order to gather the concentrated suspension sample of layering at different filter membranous layers; Convection type staving (1) is organic glass material, directly observes sample morphology;
Axial flow pump (2) is fixed on convection type staving (1) lower end, the innermost layer of barrier type support (5), the water inlet of water pump under, water delivering orifice is upper, and water delivering orifice up stretches out one section; Water pump is arranged on innermost layer;
Bung (3) is connected with convection type staving (1) by bolt, and shimming waterproof; Bung (3) there are two apertures be the preformed hole of axial flow pump (2) and cable respectively, connect by watertight connector; Bung (3) top is provided with four projections with holes, in order to tied rope, lift equipment, guarantee that cable does not stress, bung (3) bottom is provided with the draw-in groove of band rubber in order to be connected with barrier type support (5), formed with bracket end and seal, ensure the sample not reciprocal effect in each metafiltration film;
Filter membrane (4) is adsorbed on barrier type support (5), is provided with four metafiltration films from big to small from staving side to water pump;
Barrier type support (5) has multilayer, quantity and filter membrane quantity are consistent, upper and lower end parts is totally-enclosed design and forms sealing to coordinate convection type staving (1) and bung (3), and middle part realizes water body layered filtration for barrier type designs in order to fixing filter membrane (4);
Bearing (6) and convection type staving (1) with bolts, in order to playing a supporting role when collecting suspension sample, preventing equipment from touching the end simultaneously and playing a protective role;
Aperture is left to pass through to the water delivering orifice of axial flow pump (2) in subregion water proof bucket (7) top, its underpart is tiered form, its number of plies and the filter membrane number of plies are always, each layer diameter is less than barrier type support (5), and can insert convection type staving (1) bottom draw-in groove and convection type staving (1) forms suspension concentrating sample storage area that is relatively independent, density stratification.
2. a kind of convection current barrier type suspension Acquisition Instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the convection type staving (1) of current spinning.
3. a kind of convection current barrier type suspension Acquisition Instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, filter membrane (4) and barrier type support (5) stratified storage different-grain diameter suspension sample.
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| CN107677506A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-02-09 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of suspension original position filtering and concentrating sampler |
| CN108387699A (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2018-08-10 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | A kind of surface water CO2What partial pressure and relevant environmental parameter detected walks equipment of navigating |
| CN108548749A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-09-18 | 西安长庆科技工程有限责任公司 | A kind of suspended matter determination device and method of high salinity water sample |
| CN108918199A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-30 | 张萌 | A kind of bilayer plankton sampling device |
| CN109060424A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-21 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | The method for monitoring construction sea area concentration of suspension using sampler |
| CN109946119A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-06-28 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | The micro- plastics layered sampling device of boat-carrying |
| CN110095581A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-08-06 | 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 | A kind of protection and filter device for underwater sensor |
| CN110553894A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2019-12-10 | 杭州九龄科技有限公司 | sample purification enrichment facility |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107469432A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-12-15 | 济南市市政工程设计研究院（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of ecosystem and method for removing water body recovery technology |
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| CN109060424A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-21 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | The method for monitoring construction sea area concentration of suspension using sampler |
| CN109060424B (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2021-01-15 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Method for monitoring concentration of suspended matters in construction sea area by utilizing sampling device |
| CN110095581A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-08-06 | 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 | A kind of protection and filter device for underwater sensor |
| CN109946119A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-06-28 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | The micro- plastics layered sampling device of boat-carrying |
| CN109946119B (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2024-03-26 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | Shipborne micro-plastic layered sampling device |
| CN110553894A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2019-12-10 | 杭州九龄科技有限公司 | sample purification enrichment facility |
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