CN104122070B - The sedimental acquisition equipment that the inner vertical pumping of tidal flat sea bed transports and method - Google Patents
The sedimental acquisition equipment that the inner vertical pumping of tidal flat sea bed transports and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104122070B CN104122070B CN201410389538.6A CN201410389538A CN104122070B CN 104122070 B CN104122070 B CN 104122070B CN 201410389538 A CN201410389538 A CN 201410389538A CN 104122070 B CN104122070 B CN 104122070B
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Abstract
The sedimental acquisition equipment that the inner vertical pumping of tidal flat sea bed transports and method, comprise trapping cylinder, support, scrubbing system, ball float, heavily stone roller etc.Trapping cylinder diameter 50 centimetres, height 10 centimetres; Trapping cylinder bottom is docked fixing with support by fastening bolt with flange, lay stainless steel bound edge filter screen in draw-in groove reserved in plain flange, specification is 20 orders, and diameter is 50 centimetres; Trapping cylinder top adopts same method to lay stainless steel bound edge filter screen by flange draw-in groove, and specification is 500 orders, and diameter is 50 centimetres; Heavily cut or polish jade with an emery wheel the effect of fixed system at ball float under, grabber is fixed on assigned address and not being subjected to displacement under water.Trap " pumping " sedimentary particle in certain period by grabber and analyze, under research hydrodynamism, the inner seepage flow of tidal flat sea bed carries sedimental " pumping " rule.The present invention is specially adapted to the work on the spot environment of tidal flat flux and reflux, has good stability, and with low cost, is easy to processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sedimental acquisition equipment and method that the inner vertical pumping of a kind of tidal flat sea bed transports, carrying " pumping " process and the rule of sedimentary particle for studying the inner seepage flow of tidal flat sea bed under hydrodynamism, belonging to estuarine deposit dynamics field.
Background technology
The erosion that seabed soil occurs under ocean water dynamic condition, settling flux, carrying, again deposition process are the Focal point and difficult points that sedimentary dynamics is studied always.In recent years, sediment trap more and more develops into important tool and the means of this area research.The grabber of high-quality should have rational structure to make sediment effectively be collected and not be vulnerable to external interference and run off, simultaneously with accurately locating and fixed system.In recent years, domestic and international research worker continually develops and improves some sediment traps, and different grabbers is for different sediment source directions.At present, sediment trap catch direction mainly sedimentation sedimentary particle vertically downward: the shallow lake sediment suspending particles capturer of the design such as the Hu little Zhen of China Environmental Science research institute, the number of applying for a patent is: (200710195112.7), mainly catches the deposited particles in certain hour section.The multifunctional deposit grabber of the design such as the Zhang Jihong of Inst of Huanghai Sea Marine Products, Chinese Academy of Aquatic Product Science, the number of applying for a patent is: (200710014973.0), be mainly used in collection of biological sediment to ingest parameter to calculate biology, reality is also the sediment for depositing vertically downward in water.The Zhang Deyu of First Institute Oceanography SOA etc. devise deep sea time series sediment catcher, the number of applying for a patent is: (00263855.X), sedimented particle material sample in seawater is collected for deep-sea, due to the automatic control system that it carries, achieve effect that is real-time, Fraction collection.The Cui Baoshan of Beijing Normal University etc. devise a kind of original position sediment trap at times, the number of applying for a patent is: 201210122273.4, be applicable to the original position deposit collection at times of the nonturbulent flow water body such as lake, river, can realize sedimental long term monitoring and original position gathers at times, avoiding benthal deposit is the destruction of environment.Its main application is undisturbed in situ sampling.Environmental geotechnical research institute of Chinese Marine University devises level tetradirection and vertical sedimentation sediment flux grabber, and the deposit accumulation flux achieving level tetradirection in certain hour section is caught.
For the sedimental acquisition equipment of fine grained on sea bed surface coming from sea bed inside vertical " pumping " in sediment trap, also there is not yet Patents at present.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art or defect, a kind of tidal flat sea bed sedimental acquisition equipment that inner vertical pumping transports and method are provided, make it under tidal flat environment, sediment can be transported to " pumping " and catch.
The Scientific Research Problem solved in view of the present invention still belongs to the development starting stage, not yet forms scientific common sense, first carries out the principles and methods of this problem in science below:
Existing scientific research shows, the sediment of the extensive settling flux in sea area, not only come from the surface deposit in the past thought and shear startup, some comes from sea bed inside and carries the fine grained sediment of transport (" pumping ") to sea bed surface with the vertical seepage flow of pore water, and the vertical seepage flow of pore water is because seabed soil is under wave cycle load action, caused by the hole pressure gradient that sea bed inner different depth place excess pore water pressure levels of accumulation is different and cause, there are some researches show that this moieties can not be ignored in the settling flux process of sea area, the defeated ratio that supplies can reach 50%.
The present invention, namely for designed by this concrete Scientific Research Problem, is intended to collect " pumping " material, explores " pumping " rule.
The present invention realizes the principle of above-mentioned purpose:
Loaded filter principle has mainly been used: loaded filter refers to the particle diameter laid in large open well or infitration galleries water inlet place along water (flow) direction grating grit layer from fine to coarse in the present invention.Usually made by materials such as different sand, rubble or the cobbles of layer 2-4 grain size, the direction particle along current increases gradually, and the particle of any layer does not allow the hole through adjacent thicker one deck.The particle of same layer can not produce relative movement.Just be with the soil do not walked in dyke (dam) or ground when infiltration water flows out after arranging loaded filter, thus the generation of piping and stream soil can be prevented.
Concrete formation of the present invention and design are described in detail as follows:
The inner vertical pumping of tidal flat sea bed transports sedimental acquisition equipment,
The sedimental acquisition equipment that the inner vertical pumping of tidal flat sea bed transports, it is characterized in that comprising trapping system and scrubbing system, described trapping system comprises one for being fixed on the circular support cylinder on sea bed, and the top of this rack tube is provided with plain flange; And a circle trapping cylinder vertically placed, the plain flange at plain flange and rack tube top is had to be achieved a butt joint by bolt bottom this trapping cylinder, and make trapping cylinder be fixed on the top of rack tube, 20 order stainless steel mesh pads are accompanied between plain flange and plain flange, and in the reserved draw-in groove of the edge of this mesh pad between plain flange and plain flange;
And trapping cylinder top is provided with plain flange, plain flange and plain flange is had to be achieved a butt joint by bolt above trapping cylinder, 500 mesh sieve thin,tough silk pads are accompanied between plain flange and plain flange, and in the reserved draw-in groove of the edge of this bolting silk pad between plain flange and plain flange;
Trapping cylinder inside is equipped with the anti-filter quartz sand layer of optimum grating between mesh pad and bolting silk pad; Above-mentioned trapping cylinder is also connected with the ball float heavily cut or polish jade with an emery wheel block and be positioned on sea be positioned at bottom sea bed respectively by hawser;
Described scrubbing system comprises bottom belt support and top is the filtrate container of open design, the lower side of this filtrate container is provided with the catheter of band water discharging valve, the upper limb of filtrate container is covered with filter screen, and filter screen is fixed on the edge of filtrate container by stationary fixture.
Trapping system provides trapping sedimental container, and ball float provides the fixing of trapping system and location with heavily cut or polish jade with an emery wheel, and sand-washing device provides and traps sand and catch sedimental separation.
Transparent acrylic pmma material selected by described trapping cylinder, is convenient to observe " pumping " sedimental acquisition procedure; Vessel Design shape is cylindric, and minimum degree reduces the stress concentration phenomenon of container in water and soil boundary layer.
Joint between described plain flange and plain flange and between plain flange and plain flange is provided with rubber washer and is filled with stop-leak compound, and fixed by bolt hole by multiple fastening bolt, prevent suspended sediment particle in seawater from entering trapping cylinder from side direction by sealing and cause error.
Bolting silk pad above described trapping cylinder and plain flange are demountable structure, and for HUANGHE ESTUARY soil property, test show that the specification of bolting silk selects 500 orders, and bolting silk pad diameter design is 50 centimetres.
Mesh pad bottom described trapping cylinder between two plain flanges is non-dismountable structure, and consider quartz sand particle size, screen cloth specification selects 20 orders, and mesh pad diameter design is 50 centimetres.
Described stainless steel bolting silk pad and mesh pad, all have stainless steel substrates bound edge, thus ensure that it has certain rigidity, reaches certain load-and pressure-bearing effect.
Described trapping cylinder interior laminate layer is equipped with optimum grating quartz sand layer, and test obtains layer of sand optimized particle size grating layered mode and is: carse, medium and small, in, thick (the thick 4-8mm of particle diameter, middle 2-4mm, thin 1-2mm), every layer thickness is designed to 2cm.
Device described in utilization catches the sedimental method that the inner vertical pumping of tidal flat sea bed transports, and it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) time on the ebb, above-mentioned rack tube is inserted into below sea bed face, and make the mesh pad bottom trapping cylinder concordant with sea bed surface, what guarantee captured is " pumping " sedimentary particle to sea bed surface, if there is no the collection of this device, the part that water body becomes settling flux material can be entered;
2) make heavily to cut or polish jade with an emery wheel the position that block remains on distance rack tube 5m;
3) whole trapping system is retained on sea bed face until arrive predetermined time;
4) at ebb tide the bolting silk pad above trapping cylinder is taken off, the whole silica sands in trapping cylinder are taken out, is transferred on the filter screen of scrubbing system;
5) with the silica sand on clear water flushing filtering net, until silica sand returns to pure white;
6) open the valve on scrubbing system, suspension is wherein expelled to sampling bag.
Apparatus of the present invention permission " pumping " pass through screen cloth to the fine grained sediment on sea bed surface, enter loaded filter, and provide advantage (entrance layer of sand particle diameter is from coarse to fine along water (flow) direction) for it enters loaded filter, provide adverse condition (outlet layer of sand particle diameter is along water (flow) direction from fine to coarse) for it leaves loaded filter.500 mesh sieve thin,tough silk are tightly laid at grabber top, and the isolated sediment from top water body enters grabber, ensures the water permeability of whole grabber vertical direction simultaneously, avoid the problem affecting wave load and transmit.
Advantage of the present invention and effect:
The convenient fixing and dismounting of designed top bolting silk pad, its specification is explored through test of many times and is drawn, ensure that better water permeability and soil particle farthest completely cut off.The silica sand of designed grating and ply sequence more effectively can catch " pumping " sedimentary particle, and effectively prevents it to run off.Be specially adapted to the work on the spot environment of tidal flat flux and reflux.The grabber of designed size has good stability.Designed safety precautions effectively improves the security of grabber.Designed installation cost is cheap, is easy to processing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is general structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention traps cylinder and mounting system front view.
Fig. 3 is that the present invention traps cylinder and mounting system vertical view.
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of bolting silk/mesh pad of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is scrubbing system schematic diagram of the present invention.
Wherein, I. trapping system, II. scrubbing system, 0. top flange draw-in groove, 1. traps cylinder, 2. bolting silk pad, 3. mesh pad, 4. plain flange, 5. plain flange, 6. plain flange, 7. bolt hole, 8. plain flange, 9. mesh pad draw-in groove, 10. anti-filter quartz sand layer, 11. rack tubes, 12. bolts hole
13. ball floats, 14. heavily cut or polish jade with an emery wheel block, 15. filtrate containers, 16. supports, 17. mozzles, 18. valves, 19. screen clothes, 20. stationary fixtures, 21. flange interfaces, 22. bolting silks, screen cloth, 23. stainless steel bound edges.
Embodiment
As Fig. 1-5, trapping system (I) comprises trapping cylinder (1), bolting silk pad (2), mesh pad (3), top plain flange (4), bottom plain flange (5).A plain flange (4) is fixed at trapping cylinder 1 top, bottom is fixed a plain flange (5) and is considered inner full sand weight, facilitate two people's complete operations, and ensure the stability of acquisition equipment duration of work, be designed and sized to diameter 50 centimetres, high 10 centimetres, material selection cylindrical transparent acrylic organic glass.Top plain flange (4) is docked by the fastening bolt in bolt hole (7) with another independent flange (6), and reserved bolting silk pad draw-in groove (0) in the middle of two flanges, bolting silk pad (2) is tightly fixed in the flange draw-in groove of system head by stop-leak compound and rubber washer.The trapping flange in the bottom (5) of cylinder 1 docks with the plain flange (8) of rack tube 11, also mesh pad draw-in groove (9) has been reserved in the middle of two flanges, mesh pad (3) holding wherein, completes load-bearing silica sand and allows the effect that " pumping " sediment enters.Anti-filter quartz sand layer (10) is laid on mesh pad (3) top in trapping cylinder (1), ply sequence be vertically carse, medium and small, in, slightly.
The rack tube 11 of trapping cylinder 1 for diameter be 50 centimetres, the cylinder of high 10 centimetres, top is fixed with plain flange, and bottom barrel is designed to pointed, the native bed of convenient insertion.Trapping cylinder 1 is docked by flange (5,8) and is fixed on rack tube 11 with the fastening bolt in bolt hole (12).
Ball float 13 is pulled on trapping cylinder 1, for the grabber location under unexpected situation.Heavily cutting or polish jade with an emery wheel block 14 is the flat solid block having metal or cement material to make, and is not subjected to displacement by current and Lidar Equation, ensures grabber safety.
Scrubbing system (II): comprise filtrate container (15) and support (16).Filtrate container (15) is placed on support, bottom design has mozzle (17) and valve (18), and filtrate container (15) top is covered with 20 eye mesh screens (19) and is connected with washed-out sand case sidewall by stationary fixture (20).Be placed directly on screen cloth by the silica sand taken out in grabber during washed-out sand and rinse, sediment enters washed-out sand case with current and silica sand is stayed on screen cloth, treats that washed-out sand is complete, opens mozzle valve, washed-out sand liquid is loaded closely knit sampling bag.
The sedimental method utilizing device of the present invention to carry out catching the inner vertical pumping of tidal flat sea bed to transport:
When using grabber of the present invention, first mesh pad (3) being placed in flange draw-in groove (9), then trapping cylinder 1 and being docked by plain flange (5,8) with rack tube 11.Mounting system is inserted native bed inner, make bottom trapping cylinder concordant with sea bed.According to carse, medium and small, in, the mesh pad of thick hierarchical sequence in trapping cylinder carries out sanding (10).Bolting silk pad (2) is placed in trapping cylinder top flange draw-in groove (0), lays rubber washer at the upper and lower surface of contact uniform application stop-leak compound of pad.By top two flange (4,6) docking, bolting silk gasket seal is fixed in top draw-in groove (0).To heavily cut or polish jade with an emery wheel block (14) block cloth and be placed on the position of range acquisition device 5 meters, and it will be connected with grabber by hawser with ball float (13).
Trapping system (I) is retained in after seabed meets required a period of time and carries out " pumping " sedimental collection, open top flange (6), silica sand (10) layering is taken out and carries out washed-out sand, the sand of wash clean is reused, adopts identical paving mode to repeat.Washed-out sand case (15) takes scene to when carrying out deposit collection after each ebb, during washed-out sand, the silica sand taken out in grabber is placed directly in the upper flushing of screen cloth (19), sediment enters washed-out sand case with current and silica sand is stayed on screen cloth, treat that washed-out sand is complete, open mozzle valve (18), washed-out sand liquid is loaded closely knit sampling bag, after collection, scrubbing system is withdrawn scene.
Catch sediment by indoor Treatment Analysis, under research research hydrodynamism, the inner seepage flow of tidal flat sea bed carries sedimental " pumping " rule.
Claims (8)
1. the sedimental acquisition equipment that transports of the inner vertical pumping of a tidal flat sea bed, it is characterized in that comprising trapping system (I) and scrubbing system (II), described trapping system (I) comprises one for being fixed on the circular support cylinder (11) on sea bed, and the top of this rack tube (11) is provided with plain flange D (8); And circle trapping cylinder (1) of vertically placing, this trapping cylinder (1) bottom has plain flange B (5) to be achieved a butt joint by bolt with the plain flange D (8) at rack tube (11) top, and make trapping cylinder (1) be fixed on the top of rack tube (11), accompany 20 order stainless steel mesh pads (3) between plain flange B (5) and plain flange D (8), and the edge of this mesh pad (3) is positioned at the reserved draw-in groove (9) between plain flange B (5) and plain flange D (8);
Described trapping cylinder (1) top is provided with plain flange A (4), trapping cylinder (1) top has plain flange C (6) and described plain flange A (4) to be achieved a butt joint by bolt, accompany 500 mesh sieve thin,tough silk pads (2) between plain flange A (4) and plain flange C (6), and the edge of this bolting silk pad (2) is positioned at the top flange draw-in groove (0) between plain flange A (4) and plain flange C (6);
Trapping cylinder (1) inside is equipped with the anti-filter quartz sand layer (10) of optimum grating between mesh pad (3) and bolting silk pad (2); Above-mentioned trapping cylinder (1) is also connected with the heavily stone roller block (14) be positioned at bottom sea bed and the ball float (13) be positioned on sea respectively by hawser;
Described scrubbing system (II) comprises bottom belt support (16) and top is the filtrate container (15) of open design, the lower side of this filtrate container (15) is provided with the catheter (17) of band water discharging valve (18), the upper limb of filtrate container (15) is covered with filter screen (19), and filter screen (19) is fixed on the edge of filtrate container (15) by stationary fixture (20).
2. acquisition equipment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that transparent acrylic pmma material selected by described trapping cylinder (1).
3. acquisition equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that between described plain flange A (4) and plain flange C (6), and the joint between plain flange B (5) and plain flange D (8) is provided with rubber washer and is filled with stop-leak compound (21), and fixed by bolt hole (7,12) by multiple fastening bolt.
4. acquisition equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that bolting silk pad (2) and the plain flange C (6) of described trapping cylinder (1) top are demountable structure, the specification of bolting silk selects 500 orders, and bolting silk pad (2) diameter design is 50 centimetres.
5. acquisition equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the mesh pad (3) between described trapping cylinder (1) bottom plain flange B (5), plain flange D (8) is non-dismountable structure, consider quartz sand particle size, screen cloth specification selects 20 orders, and mesh pad (3) diameter design is 50 centimetres.
6. acquisition equipment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described bolting silk pad (2) and mesh pad (3), all has stainless steel substrates bound edge (23).
7. acquisition equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described trapping cylinder (1) interior laminate layer is equipped with optimum grating quartz sand layer (10), and layer of sand optimized particle size grating layered mode is: carse, medium and small, in, thick, wherein coarse grain footpath 4-8mm, middle particle diameter 2-4mm, fine grain 1-2mm, every layer thickness is designed to 2cm.
8. the sedimental method utilizing the device described in claim 1 to catch the inner vertical pumping of tidal flat sea bed to transport, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) time on the ebb, above-mentioned rack tube (11) is inserted into below sea bed face, and make the mesh pad (3) of trapping cylinder (1) bottom concordant with sea bed surface, what guarantee captured is " pumping " sedimentary particle to sea bed surface, if there is no the collection of this device, the part that water body becomes settling flux material can be entered;
2) make heavily to cut or polish jade with an emery wheel the position that block (14) remains on distance rack tube (11) 5m;
3) whole trapping system (I) is retained on sea bed face until arrive predetermined time;
4) taken off by the bolting silk pad (2) trapping cylinder (1) top at ebb tide, whole silica sands that will trap in cylinder (1) take out, and are transferred on the filter screen (19) of scrubbing system (II);
5) with the silica sand on clear water flushing filtering net (19), until silica sand returns to pure white;
6) open the valve on scrubbing system (II), suspension is wherein expelled to sampling bag.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410389538.6A CN104122070B (en) | 2014-08-09 | 2014-08-09 | The sedimental acquisition equipment that the inner vertical pumping of tidal flat sea bed transports and method |
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| CN201410389538.6A CN104122070B (en) | 2014-08-09 | 2014-08-09 | The sedimental acquisition equipment that the inner vertical pumping of tidal flat sea bed transports and method |
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| CN104122070A CN104122070A (en) | 2014-10-29 |
| CN104122070B true CN104122070B (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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| CN106840979B (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-09-15 | 中国海洋大学 | Bed internal deposit in seabed pumps the long-term observation apparatus and method in situ of settling flux amount |
| CN109374491B (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2020-12-29 | 中国海洋大学 | Basin device for simulating gravity flow process of sediment supported by seabed liquefaction seepage force |
| CN112033754B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2024-05-17 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Sediment pore water collection device of sandy river bed and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4762009A (en) * | 1987-03-04 | 1988-08-09 | Research Foundation Of State University Of New York | In-situ integrated suspended sediment stream sampler |
| US6823749B1 (en) * | 2003-07-01 | 2004-11-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of The Interior | Sediment sampler for aquatic environs |
| CN101162186A (en) * | 2007-11-29 | 2008-04-16 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Shallow lake sediment suspending particles capturer |
| CN102636371B (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2014-03-26 | 北京师范大学 | In-situ time-phased sediment trap |
| CN103323290A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-09-25 | 北京建工环境修复有限责任公司 | Sampler for sediment pore water sampling in rivers or lakes |
| CN103884537A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-06-25 | 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所 | Extraction method for benthic mini-type alga on coastal water sediment surface |
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