CN104823744A

CN104823744A - Micro integrated three-dimensional farm

Info

Publication number: CN104823744A
Application number: CN201510096796.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵明桥; 石磊; 李哲; 付峥嵘; 周书栋; 王宇
Original assignee: Central South University
Current assignee: Central South University
Priority date: 2015-03-05
Filing date: 2015-03-05
Publication date: 2015-08-12

Abstract

A micro integrated three-dimensional farm, mainly comprising a bearing framework, water storage discs, planting discs, planting soil and bundles of capillary tubes, characterized in that the multiple-layer bearing framework bears the load of all layers of planting modules; the planting discs of the planting modules are placed on the water storage discs; the planting soil in the planting discs is not in direct contact with the water in the water storage discs; an air intermediate layer is reserved between the planting soil and the water in the water storage discs; and the water required by plants, according to the transpiration and evaporation capacity, is automatically conveyed to the planting soil via the bundles of the capillary tubes by capillarity. After adopting the technical scheme, the micro farm can be constructed in a vacant field surrounding a building, on a roofing, in a balcony, in a windowsill or on the outer wall of the building; citizens can plant crops, vegetables, fruits and ornamental plants according to preferences; and the planting system has the characteristics of simple structure, low construction cost, easiness in management and high production efficiency.

Description

Micro integrated stereo farm

Art

The present invention relates to industrialized agriculture field, specifically refer to the integrated plant cultivation method that a kind of water and soil of layer stereo is separated and culturing device.

Background technology

City is product and the mark of human civilization high development, one, Han dynasty adviser once offered a piece of advice to Liu nation: " state's Putting common first; bread is the staff of life ", food supply decides city size, almost complete in city and neighbouring area at the food of agro-farming social city, this self-centered development pattern has continued thousands of year.After the industrial revolution, urban population is assembled in a large number, resource consumption is huge, environmental deterioration, therefore be devoted to one after another from the 15th century to 20 beginning of the century large quantities of sociologists and building plans teacher to solve city produced problem, " evolution city ", " the wide mu city " of Lai Te, " the bright city " of Corbusier of " farm, city " of Utopia's formula, " garden city " of Howard, Ge Disi, " agriculture city " etc. to " super farm " after World War II and black river discipline chapter agricultural production is included in the design considered as a whole city space and imagination continues to bring out.

Urban agriculture is exactly grow up gradually in this context; it is generally acknowledged it come from 20 the beginning of the century Germany Civil Plantation; after several energy crisis, ecological theory infiltrates every field; people consider how transport and consumptive link reduce consumption while acquisition food; also how re-examine produces food in city; with material recycle in feasible region, reduce dependence to outside, present U.S. green building assessment system LEED has started to help and has encouraged the active factor of various promotion sustainable agriculture and Organic food development.Urban agriculture has in the main development form of the developed regions such as American-European-Japanese in recent years: one is retain a large amount of farming land on the outskirts of a town with surrounding region of city; produce the agricultural product such as grain, veterinary antibiotics; if Holland is by the urban agriculture of development scale, facility advanced person, its glass greenhouse area is more than 110,000 km ², agricultural product also have 75% available for export satisfied after needing, and Japan is then protected arable land, city and agricultural production by a series of law, has arable land 350,000 km in its city ², the vegetables more than 80% are all supplied by locality; Two is utilize the public lawn of urban central zone, idle wasteland, roofing, even balcony and windowsill to build farm, city, as 6000m has been built up in a slice wasteland exactly in Berlin, Germany princess garden ²farm, city, also have the Brooklyn farm of USA New York to be that area is more than 10,000 m ²farm, roof; Three is greatly develop industrialized agriculture, walks mechanization, intellectuality, intensive production road, 45 truck farms as existing in Singapore, and annual production about 140,000 t green vegetables, can meet the demand in the whole nation 12%.

But be becoming tight in China's urban land day, outskirts of a town high-quality is ploughed and is reduced rapidly, if Beijing's arable area was from 69.1 ten thousand hm of 1978 ²fall sharply to 31.7 ten thousand hm of 2009 ², wherein growing vegetables area only surplus 6.8 ten thousand hm ², output is 3,030,000 t only, and the simple city farming land Developing Urban Agriculture that relies on is faced with the problem that land used is in short supply and production efficiency is low.And utilize idle wasteland, the direct Developing Urban Agriculture of roofing also will be an utterly inadequate amount, have scholar to think and will guarantee that big city vegetables are self-supporting and should be solved by industrialized agriculture and plant factor safely.

There is the Denmark that is in First plant factor nineteen fifty-seven in the world, and nineteen sixty, GE succeeded in developing first man Gong Guang plant factor, and Japan adopts high-pressure mercury lamp and set square aerial fog cultivation romaine lettuce in nineteen eighty-three in county of Shizuoka.China has introduced 2 cover sun light type plant factors in 1998 from Canada, and within 2006, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences starts the test of LED artificial light plant factory, and it is 200m that area is built up in Changchun, Jilin in 2009 ²commercial plant factory, domesticly afterwards in succession build up 20 Duo Zuo plant factors.But the deficiencies such as the plant factor of employing soilless culture method exists, and vegetable variety is single, energy consumption is comparatively large, nitrate nitrogen is superfluous, the Sky green company director Huang Shunhe of Singapore gets back to again natural lighting and has on the road of soil cultivation, 10 multilayer vegetables planted by the vegetables tower that he invents 9 meters high, in order to obtain uniform illumination, planting groove is ceaselessly cycle rotation under current drive, power consumption in one day about 60 watts, output is more than 5 times of traditional farm.

But industrialized agriculture is because of adopted Soilless Culture Methods now, there is system complex, invest the deficiencies such as huge, high to vegetable variety selectivity, to need experienced and higher Specialized Quality practitioner, can only operate in the mode of commercial running, Base environment, cause that the vegetable species of output is limited, price is higher, intermediate links are more, limit further developing of industrialized agriculture.The miniature farms of spatial development such as external wall, balcony, windowsill, roofing or periphery vacant lot are utilized in city, many intermediate link can be saved agricultural production end and consumption terminal are directly docked, if family to be compared to the cell of society, so miniature farm, just as the chlorophyll in cell, can provide food source endlessly for citizen.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to overcome existing utility agricultural to be difficult to go deep into urban family and directly benefit civic deficiency, provide that a kind of system is simple, cheap, management is saved worry, produced the integrated cultivation method of efficient Multilayer vertical and culturing device.

The present invention is primarily of load framework, water storage dish, planting tray, planting soil, bundle of capillary tubes composition, it is characterized in that: the load framework of multilayer bears the load of each layer plantation module, the planting tray of plantation module is shelved on water storage dish, planting soil in planting tray does not directly contact with the water be stored in water storage dish, between have an air space, moisture needed for plant passes through capillarity automatic transport in planting soil according to rising and evaporation discharge via bundle of capillary tubes.

Comprise the suitable illumination of the plant normal growth needs of vegetables, moisture content, soil (medium) and air conditions, through the evolution of 1 years, plant has natural suitability to soil, take soil as the habit of growth that cultivation base mass-energy complies with vegetables, more easily realize diversification of varieties, the low skill of management maintenance and more natural organic Vegetable produce relative to soilless culture.The integrated technology scheme that the present invention takes water and soil to be separated, compared with the soilless culture method such as water culture, mist training method, the Fruit variety scope of crop wants much wide in range, and the knowledge expertise of management maintenance requires much lower; Relative to adopting the native planting type that has of pouring or drip irrigation to avoid in soil water content too much or very little, the loss of effective nutrient in soil also can be avoided.Each parts of multi-layer stereo plantation system are assembled assembling out in integrated mode, can be placed on building periphery vacant lot or roofing in groups on a large scale, also can disperse be placed on balcony, windowsill or combine with external wall, citizen can according to the hobby long-term cropping of oneself, vegetable melon and fruit and ornamental plants.

The sunshade of plant and transpiration can be utilized to improve urban micro-climate and building thermal environments, utilize the dust suction of the plant effect of laying the dust and absorb CO ₂release O ₂function can purify air, remaining rubbish from cooking can be made organic compost and recycle, may be used for irrigating and fertilising after sanitary sewage and rainwater-collecting process, therefore in city, develop micro integrated stereo farm can provide the organic vegetable of fresh high-quality for citizen, production function, the ecological functions of urban agriculture can be realized again better, cultivate the moral character and nourish the nature, the view that lies fallow, education and knowledge dissemination and other social service function, to the sustainable development in China city, there is important theory value and Great significance.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is front elevation view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is side elevational view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is that water and soil of the present invention is separated cultivation module drawing.

In figure: load framework 1, water storage dish 2, planting tray 3, water 4, planting soil 5, bundle of capillary tubes 6, sleeve pipe 7, capillary perforation 8, pore 9, air space 10, ventilation hole 11, permeable seam 12.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are described further:

As shown in Figure 1, main body of the present invention is made up of load framework 1, water storage dish 2, planting tray 3, load framework 1 adopts metal or other section bar to make assemblnig multi-story frame type structure, load framework 1 can bear the load of each layer plantation module, and a set of water storage dish 2, planting tray 3 and content just form single plantation module.As shown in Figure 2, every interlamellar spacing of load framework 1 according to the size adjusting of residing geographical position, water storage dish 2 and planting tray 3, can obtain enough illumination to make the plant be planted in every layer of planting tray 3.As shown in Figure 3, planting soil 5 is contained with in planting tray 3, water storage dish 2 stores the water 4 of certain liquid level, planting tray 3 is placed on water storage dish 2, planting soil 5 does not directly contact with water 4, is separated therebetween by one deck air space 10, and planting tray 3 has the capillary perforation 8 of some, bundle of capillary tubes 6 probes into bottom water 4 from capillary perforation 8, like this, moisture content just can utilize capillarity through bundle of capillary tubes 6 automatic transport in planting soil 5, to meet needed for plant growth.

For obtaining good water imbibition, bundle of capillary tubes 6 adopts super-fine fiber material to make, general more fluffy and high resilience, for guaranteeing that bundle of capillary tubes 6 can go deep into underwater, can be as shown in Figure 3, hard sleeve 7 on the outer cover of bundle of capillary tubes 6, the diameter of sleeve pipe 7 is can not can move as well easily again through capillary perforation 8.Sleeve pipe 7 can leave permeable seam 12 close to bottom position, and bundle of capillary tubes 6 can through permeable seam 12 or the open-ended water suction of sleeve pipe 7.In addition can open tiny pore 9 bottom planting tray 3, can make planting soil 5 water-permeable and air permeable, the capillary root of plant also can stretch in water 4 from pore 9 and directly obtain moisture content.

The root systems of plant such as vegetables all like moistening, fluffy, fertile soil, keep proper moisture content for making planting soil 5 and possess gas permeability, the ventilation hole 11 of some can be had at water storage dish 2 side, form air circulation path through air space 10, pore 9, planting soil 5 surface.Be placed on outdoor miniature stereo farm when meeting heavy rain weather, the rainwater fallen in planting tray 3 can flow into water storage dish 2 through pore 9, and excessive rainwater can flow away through ventilation hole 11, in order to avoid planting tray 3 ponding.After taking above measure, planting soil can keep proper moisture content and water-permeable and air permeable state, for plant creates a best growing environment.

When water 4 in water storage dish 2 depletes or liquid level drops to certain altitude, just need to water storage dish 2 moisturizing, separate case is applied for separately by the mode of automatic water supplement, no longer carefully states at this.

Claims

1. a micro integrated stereo farm, primarily of load framework, water storage dish, planting tray, planting soil, bundle of capillary tubes composition, it is characterized in that: the load framework of multilayer bears the load of each layer plantation module, the planting tray of plantation module is shelved on water storage dish, planting soil in planting tray does not directly contact with the water be stored in water storage dish, between have an air space, moisture needed for plant passes through capillarity automatic transport in planting soil according to rising and evaporation discharge via bundle of capillary tubes.

2. micro integrated stereo farm according to claim 1, is characterized in that: bundle of capillary tubes outer case sleeve, and the diameter of sleeve pipe equals or slightly larger than capillary punch inside diameter.

3. micro integrated stereo farm according to claim 1, is characterized in that: sleeve pipe has permeable seam close to bottom position.

4. micro integrated stereo farm according to claim 1, is characterized in that: bottom planting tray, have pore.

5. micro integrated stereo farm according to claim 1, is characterized in that: have ventilation hole at water storage dish side.