CN104774069A - Novel fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Novel fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104774069A CN104774069A CN201510175119.7A CN201510175119A CN104774069A CN 104774069 A CN104774069 A CN 104774069A CN 201510175119 A CN201510175119 A CN 201510175119A CN 104774069 A CN104774069 A CN 104774069A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) desalting, namely ensuring the concentration of bitter bittern to reach the baume degree of more than 30 degree Be, heating to 90 DEG C, maintaining constant temperature for 2 hours, and removing crystals; (2) performing dechlorination, namely enabling the concentration of liquid of which the crystals are removed to reach the baume degree of more than 28 degree Be, naturally cooling, then standing for 96 hours, and removing the crystals; (3) removing bromine, namely removing supernatant liquid; (4) drying; and (5) adding nitrogen phosphorus potassium. According to the novel fertilizer disclosed by the invention, a fertilizer suitable for agriculture and forestry is produced by using the bitter bittern, and the novel fertilizer is easily-available in raw material, low in cost and significant in economic benefit. The fertilizer produced by using the method disclosed by the invention is multifunctional, can be used as an additional fertilizer, can also be used as an external root fertilizer, can also be used as a base fertilizer, can be used for preventing soil hardening after being used, and ensures that the soil fertility can be improved by using various micro-elements and medium elements in the fertilizer; and compared with conventional inorganic chemical fertilizers, the fertilizer disclosed by the invention has the advantages of low cost, good action aftereffect, no soil hardening, rapid crop growth and good quality achieved after the fertilizer is used, improved soil fertility and significant sustainable soil property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer field, particularly relate to a kind of new-type fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In salt-making process, seawater concentrates through Exposure to Sunlight, and separate out salt, when bittern reaches finite concentration, no longer evaporate brine, this bittern is called bittern.Bittern is the byproduct in salt-making process, mostly goes out of use.There is a large amount of natural bittern in some natural salt lakes, also after being extracted potassium, magnesium, sodium and bromine salt by the mankind, its waste liquid does not recycle as waste, as the Palestinian Dead Sea, the OK a karaoke club Bei Jiazi lake of USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), Canadian Alvin Gouldner Fu Hu etc., also have city, the river salt mine of Yunnan Province of China Simao, Hubei Yingcheng City salt mine, Jiangxi camphor tree salt mine, Zigong, Sichuan salt mine, all there is a large amount of natural saltwater brine resource in Qinghai Salt Lake etc.The numerous saltwater brine resource of China is used for greatly extracting sylvite, magnesium salts, refilled underground after sodium salt discards, and China's southeastern coast saltern also exists shines the bittern after getting sodium-chlor and put sea by stream, the phenomenon that resource is not used.
On the one hand, how bittern is re-recognized, and to re-use according to the needs of existing market be not only energy-conserving and environment-protective but also can produce the problem of economic worth.On the other hand, current fertilizer normally chemical fertilizer, not only expensive, and act on single, use complexity.
Summary of the invention
For above deficiency, the invention provides a kind of bittern that uses and prepare the method for new-type fertilizer as raw material, not only cheap, and the fertilizer effect of preparation is extensive, quality better.
The present invention is achieved the above object by following scheme:
A preparation method for new-type fertilizer, comprising:
(1) desalination: bittern concentration is degree Beaume 30 ° of more than B é, be heated to 90 DEG C of constant temperature 2 hours, removing xln, in the thermostatic process of 90 DEG C, sodium-chlor in bittern can rapid crystalline deposit, this precipitation process to make in bittern due to salt manufacturing cannot crystallization sodium-chlor crystalline deposit thus further except desalting, the constant temperature time controlling 90 DEG C is the sodium-chlor making also can remain in bittern minute quantity for 2 hours;
(2) dechlorinate: make the strength of fluid of removing xln reach degree Beaume 28 ° of more than B é, leave standstill 96 hours after naturally cooling, removing xln, in standing process liquids, magnesium chloride produces crystalline deposit removing;
(3) except bromine: take out supernatant liquid removing from the liquid of step (2) removing xln, the amount of taking out is that every 1 meter of the degree of depth takes out 10cm, recording bromine content in the liquid of taking-up part is 0.35%, and the bromine of excess has damage crop, removes a large amount of bromines and retains a small amount of bromine;
(4) dry: to be that degree Beaume 24 ° of B é carry out drying by the strength of fluid after removing supernatant liquid, one-time heating is shaped to block to product drying, is pulverized by block for subsequent use.
(5) potassium that phosphorates nitrogen.
Preferably, above-mentioned steps (5) the potassium nitrogen that phosphorates comprises: the mass percentage adding phosphorus is for P
2o
5be calculated as 10%, add the mass percentage of potassium with potassium oxide (K
2o) be calculated as 15%, the mass percentage adding nitrogen is 5%.
Further, above-mentioned phosphorating preferably is added to add acidic phosphorus mine powder; The above-mentioned potassium that adds preferably adds to add potassium sulfate; The above-mentioned nitrogen that adds preferably adds to add ammonium sulfate.
The present invention also provides a kind of new-type fertilizer prepared according to above-mentioned preparation method.
The invention provides a kind of new-type fertilizer and preparation method thereof, the present invention makes a living with bittern and produces raw material for subsequent use, bittern is through removing sodium-chlor, magnesium chloride and except the material harmful to crop such as bromine, retain the element such as magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, zinc sulfate, sodium, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, molybdenum, boron, sulphur in bittern, also containing increasing plants and soil trace element-selenium, carbon, titanium, strontium, chlorine, iodine; On this basis, choose acidic phosphorus mine powder respectively and (refer to P
2o
5) add available phosphorus, add potassium sulfate (K
2o) obtain effective potassium, adopt cooling to add the methods such as available nitrogen, and make new-type fertilizer.
This production process technology is simple, and raw material is easy to get, and does not produce waste water, non-caked, does not lump, and significantly can reduce merchandise cost; The fertilizer that the present invention produces has multi-functional, both can topdress, and can make again root outer fertile, also can make base manure, can keep soil from packing together after using, the various trace elements in fertilizer, moderate-element can increase fertility of land.Fertilizer of the present invention is compared with traditional inorganic fertilizer, has cheap, and effect reserve strength is good, and soil does not harden, and uses ensuing crop growth fast, quality better, soil fertility improve and sustainable soil property remarkable etc.Further, the fertilizer that the present invention produces has sulfenyl quality, avoids the relevant shortcoming of chloro fertilizer.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, new-type fertilizer major part of the present invention comes from bittern, and bittern is as the byproduct of salt industry, with low cost, and production process is a process turned waste into wealth, and make use of resource, decreases the pollution of environment and ocean;
2, the present invention focuses on the N-P-K content ratio of formula, make it be applicable to topdress, make the outer fertilizer of root, make base manure, and Be very effective, show as only nitrogen, moderate phosphorus, the reasonableness of high potassium and moderate-element calcium, wherein calcium source comes from bittern, and is rich in element and lanthanon (the 15) actinide elementss (15) such as sodium, magnesium, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, molybdenum, boron, sulphur, selenium, nitre, titanium, strontium, chlorine, iodine in fertilizer;
3, the various elements in fertilizer of the present invention are all from bittern, raw material is easy to get, in traditional theory, crop only needs macroelement nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element manganese, iron, copper, zinc, molybdenum, boron, and practice finds, sodium, calcium, magnesium, carbon, titanium, strontium, chlorine, iodine are present in soil and plant tissue, and these elements can provide nutrition for plant growth, have growth promoting effect to crop, crop is as a kind of business's name, and trace element is wherein useful to acceptor in food chain; Research also finds that the disease resistance enhancing to plant of lanthanon, actinide elements has corresponding help, can improve the net effect of fertilizer;
4, eliminate most bromine in fertilizer of the present invention and retain a small amount of bromine, the bromine of excess has damage crop, remove a large amount of bromines and retain a small amount of bromine, a small amount of bromine has the function regulating plant strain growth to crop, also has Antifungi, prevent fungi from sprouting, prevent the effect that blade is mouldy, containing a certain amount of bromine in soil, bromine is a kind of beneficial element that soil fertility coexists, can increase fertility of land so use a small amount of bromine, Promoting plant growth;
5, the sodium-chlor of a large amount of sodium-chlor and residual minute quantity is removed in fertilizer of the present invention, because it is believed that sodium-chlor was to plant pest in the past, but find through applicant's experimental study, lower concentration sodium-chlor is to non-phytotoxic, the sodium ion of proper concn is to plant root, blade face all can not impact, and uses the plant-growth of micro-sodium-chlor fast, particularly has volume increase significantly effect to mountain area, inland plant;
6, all elements in new-type fertilizer of the present invention is all present in soil with regard to ecosystem, this fertilizer possesses the nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium that need as plant, also possess the various elements that plants and soil needs, the quality of crop can be improved, soil productivity can be improved, supplement the various elements that soil loses because of overfarming, realize the sustainability that soil uses, make soil be in high-quality state.
Thus, the present invention utilizes bittern production one to be suitable for agricultural, forestry fertilizer, and raw material is easy to get, cheap, and economic benefit is obvious.The fertilizer that the present invention produces has multi-functional, both can topdress, and can make again root outer fertile, also can make base manure, can keep soil from packing together after using, the various trace elements in fertilizer, moderate-element can increase fertility of land, fertilizer of the present invention is compared with traditional inorganic fertilizer, has price low, and effect reserve strength is good, soil does not harden, use ensuing crop growth fast, quality better, soil fertility improve and sustainable soil property remarkable etc.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of preparation method of new-type fertilizer:
(1) desalination: bittern concentration is degree Beaume 30 ° of more than B é, be heated to 90 DEG C of constant temperature 2 hours, removing xln, in the thermostatic process of 90 DEG C, sodium-chlor in bittern can rapid crystalline deposit, this precipitation process to make in bittern due to salt manufacturing cannot crystallization sodium-chlor crystalline deposit thus further except desalting, the constant temperature time controlling 90 DEG C is the sodium-chlor making also can remain in bittern minute quantity for 2 hours;
(2) dechlorinate: make the strength of fluid of removing xln reach degree Beaume 28 ° of more than B é, leave standstill 96 hours after naturally cooling, removing xln, in standing process liquids, magnesium chloride produces crystalline deposit removing;
(3) except bromine: take out supernatant liquid removing from the liquid of step (2) removing xln, the amount of taking out is that every 1 meter of the degree of depth takes out 10cm, recording bromine content in the liquid of taking-up part is 0.35%, the bromine of excess has damage crop, remove a large amount of bromines and retain a small amount of bromine, a small amount of bromine has the function regulating plant strain growth to crop, also has Antifungi, prevent fungi from sprouting, prevent the effect that blade is mouldy, bromine is a kind of beneficial element that soil fertility coexists, and a small amount of bromine can increase fertility of land, Promoting plant growth;
(4) dry: to be that degree Beaume 24 ° of B é carry out drying by the strength of fluid after removing supernatant liquid, one-time heating is shaped to block to product drying, is pulverized by block for subsequent use.
(5) potassium that phosphorates nitrogen: phosphorate by adding acidic phosphorus mine powder, the mass percentage phosphorated is with P
2o
5be calculated as 10%, add potassium by adding potassium sulfate, the mass percentage adding potassium is calculated as 15% with potassium oxide, adds nitrogen by adding ammonium sulfate, and the mass percentage adding nitrogen is 5%.
Embodiment 2
The key element content of the new-type fertilizer that embodiment 1 prepares is as described in Table 1: (condition determination: 26 DEG C)
Table 1: the key element of the new-type fertilizer of embodiment 1 is containing scale
Embodiment 3
The new-type fertilizer that embodiment 1 prepares is applied to the effect example of rice shoot:
Select trial crops to be late rice association excellent 3550 and early rice Teyou 524, the seedling of application plastic floppy disk, in Qian Dong town, Raoping County, Li Cuo village carries out multipoint cell contrast, plot area 6M
2, repeat for three times, surrounding establishes protection row.Process below implementing respectively from February 9th, 2014: seed dressing bud or spraying, the bud or do not spray of not dressing seed compare (wherein, not dress seed or not spray as CK), and seedling soil is pond sludge, upper cover screened sand soil, its concrete treatment process:
A, one mu, land for growing field crops add water 50 jin with new-type fertilizer 100g and puddle with kind bud, sow after drying in the shade;
B, one mu, land for growing field crops new-type fertilizer 100g add water 50 jin in spraying in tri-leaf period (carrying out about in afternoon 5 time);
C, do not dress seed or do not spray (CK).
Test-results: containing the application of new-type fertilizer, no matter dress seed bud or spraying in tri-leaf period, seedling quality significantly improves.According to investigations, through the process of seed dressing bud, height of seedling root is long, and white root is many, and seedling stage resists cold, and number of seedling is many, sturdy, and band tiller number increases, and height of seedling 18.36CM, increases by 7.1% than CK.Seedling increases by 9, increases 8.8%, the longest 11.76CM of root than CK, and increase 8.1% than CK, false stem is wide, increases 5% than CK, and band tiller number increases 3 times than CK, and dry matter weight increases 1.7% than CK.Seedling stage, height of seedling 22.03CM, increased 4.89CM than CK, increases by 28.5% through spraying, the longest 13.25CM of root, increases 2.38CM than CK, increases by 21.9%, the wide 4.3MM of false stem, increase 7.5%, dry matter weight 12.3g than CK, increase 9.8% than CK, specific experiment result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2: the new-type fertilizer of embodiment 1 is applied to the investigation statistics table of rice seedling seedling quality result
Embodiment 4:
The new-type fertilizer that embodiment 1 prepares is applied to the effect example of French bean:
Select trial crops legume vegetable French bean (No. 12 Kidney beans); on February 2nd, 2014 was to April 10; in Xian Zhou area under control, Qian Dong town, Raoping County, Vegetable Base carries out (sowing time is on December 15th, 2013); contrast (contrasting hereinafter referred to as CK without applying fertilizer) if community fertilising is applied fertilizer with nothing; each process 0.3 mu, 0.3 mu uses new-type fertilizer 15 jin, and test kind is No. 12 Kidney beans; repeat for three times, surrounding is provided with protection row.Soil is coastal soil, respectively uses 1 time before the florescence He after the florescence.Investigation growth length, number of blooming, bear pods number, and plumpness and beginning spend the fresh pod landings after 15 days and taste qualification.
Test-results: use containing the French bean of new-type fertilizer, improve growth, increase number of blooming, bear pods number and fresh pod heavy.After fertilising, begin to spend front plant height 1.46M, increase 26.1% than CK height 0.31M, begin to spend front fertilising, every strain blooms several 32.06, increases 1.41 than CK, increase by 4.6%, every strain bears pods several 16.1, increases 28.8% than CK, and fresh pod anharmonic ratio CK increases 59.7%, single pod anharmonic ratio CK increases 24%, output increases 44.4% than CK, and output increases in conspicuous level, and specific experiment result is as shown in table 3.
Table 3: the output questionnaire of the new-type fertilizer application French bean of embodiment 1
Embodiment 5:
Experiment confirms, in new-type fertilizer preparation process, bittern concentration is degree Beaume 30 ° of more than B é, be heated to 90 DEG C of constant temperature 2 hours, removing xln, in the thermostatic process of 90 DEG C, sodium-chlor in bittern can rapid crystalline deposit, this precipitation process to make in bittern due to salt manufacturing cannot crystallization sodium-chlor crystalline deposit thus further except desalting, experiment confirms, the constant temperature time controlling 90 DEG C be within 2 hours, make also can remain in bittern 0.23% sodium-chlor, the sodium ion of such proper concn is to plant root, blade face all can not impact, and use the plant-growth of micro-sodium-chlor fast, particularly there is obvious production-increasing function to mountain area, inland plant.
Embodiment 6:
Experiment confirms, the bromine that preparation method of the present invention makes to eliminate most bromine in fertilizer and retains 2 grams/kg, experiment confirms, the bromine of excess has damage crop, remove a large amount of bromines and retain a small amount of bromine, the bromine of 2 grams/kg has the function regulating plant strain growth to crop, also has Antifungi, prevent fungi from sprouting, prevent the effect that blade is mouldy, containing a certain amount of bromine in soil, bromine is a kind of beneficial element that soil fertility coexists, can increase fertility of land so use a small amount of bromine, Promoting plant growth.
Embodiment 7:
Experiment confirms, in new-type fertilizer of the present invention, mass percentage is phosphorus (P
2o
5) 10%, potassium (K
2o) 15% and nitrogen 5% can improve the quality of crop, can soil productivity be improved, supplement the various elements that soil loses because of overfarming, realize the sustainability that soil uses, make soil be in high-quality state.
The above; be only preferably specific embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; be equal to according to technical scheme of the present invention and design thereof and replace or change, all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a preparation method for new-type fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) desalination: bittern concentration is degree Beaume 30 ° of more than B é, is heated to 90 DEG C of constant temperature 2 hours, removing xln;
(2) dechlorinate: make the strength of fluid of removing xln reach degree Beaume 28 ° of more than B é, after naturally cooling, leave standstill 96 hours, removing xln;
(3) except bromine: take out supernatant liquid removing from the liquid of step (2) removing xln, the amount of taking-up is that every 1 meter of the degree of depth takes out 10cm;
(4) dry: to be that degree Beaume 24 ° of B é carry out drying by the strength of fluid after removing supernatant liquid, one-time heating is shaped to block to product drying, is pulverized by block for subsequent use.
(5) potassium that phosphorates nitrogen.
2. the preparation method of a kind of new-type fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step (5) phosphorates potassium nitrogen: the mass percentage adding phosphorus is for P
2o
5be calculated as 10%, the mass percentage adding potassium is calculated as 15% with potassium oxide, and the mass percentage adding nitrogen is 5%.
3. the preparation method of a kind of new-type fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described in phosphorate be add acidic phosphorus mine powder to add.
4. the preparation method of a kind of new-type fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described in add potassium be add potassium sulfate to add.
5. the preparation method of a kind of new-type fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described in add nitrogen be add ammonium sulfate to add.
6. the new-type fertilizer prepared of the preparation method according to claim arbitrary in claim 1-5.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105272445A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2016-01-27 | 张日龙 | Chemical fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107805500A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-16 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | A kind of soil conditioner for preventing and treating soil hardening and its application |
| CN111453746A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-07-28 | 蔡梅初 | Preparation and application method of bittern preparation for salt pan capable of improving quality and yield of agricultural products |
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| CN1295050A (en) * | 1999-11-08 | 2001-05-16 | 张义盼 | Preparation of foliage fertilizer |
| CN101429056A (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2009-05-13 | 林国楷 | Process for producing low-chlorine calcium magnesium sulphur formula with sea salt bittern |
| CN102583446A (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2012-07-18 | 河北工业大学 | Method for preparing potassium chloride through decomposing carnallite by concentrated brine |
| CN103833441A (en) * | 2012-11-24 | 2014-06-04 | 中国海洋大学 | Preparation and application of novel plant nutrition supplement agent |
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2015
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH02180781A (en) * | 1989-01-04 | 1990-07-13 | Taki Chem Co Ltd | Fertilizer for tobacco |
| CN1084492A (en) * | 1992-09-12 | 1994-03-30 | 国家海洋局天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所 | Method for preparing potassium sulfate from bittern and potassium chloride |
| CN1295050A (en) * | 1999-11-08 | 2001-05-16 | 张义盼 | Preparation of foliage fertilizer |
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| CN102583446A (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2012-07-18 | 河北工业大学 | Method for preparing potassium chloride through decomposing carnallite by concentrated brine |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105272445A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2016-01-27 | 张日龙 | Chemical fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107805500A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-16 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | A kind of soil conditioner for preventing and treating soil hardening and its application |
| CN111453746A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-07-28 | 蔡梅初 | Preparation and application method of bittern preparation for salt pan capable of improving quality and yield of agricultural products |
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Application publication date: 20150715 |