CN106305080A - Method for planting winter jujube by restoring saline-alkali land - Google Patents
Method for planting winter jujube by restoring saline-alkali land Download PDFInfo
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- CN106305080A CN106305080A CN201610700648.9A CN201610700648A CN106305080A CN 106305080 A CN106305080 A CN 106305080A CN 201610700648 A CN201610700648 A CN 201610700648A CN 106305080 A CN106305080 A CN 106305080A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for planting winter jujube by restoring a saline-alkali land. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of a. selection of a saline-alkali planting land: according to the salt content of soil and the salt-resistant threshold value of winter jujube, determining the saline-alkali planting land and the winter jujube planting variety; b. treatment of the saline-alkali land in winter: uniformly spraying crushed crop straws, desulfurized gypsum, and farm livestock and poultry manure onto the surface of a soil layer, and ploughing 45cm frozen upturned soil; c. treatment of soil before planting in spring: ploughing and mixing a microorganism soil restoring agent, compound fertilizer and potash fertilizer into the soil; d. planting of winter jujube: selecting high-quality winter jujube seedlings 20 days after treatment of soil, and planting at the plant distance of 2m and line distance of 3m, wherein the routing direction is south and north direction; e. management of cultivation. The method for planting the winter jujube by restoring the saline-alkali land has the advantages that the physical, chemical and biological treatment measures of the saline-alkali land are organically combined with the winter jujube planting, and the obvious effect on the modification of the saline-alkali land and the development of winter jujube planting industry is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to salt-soda soil and repair agricultural technology field, specifically salt-soda soil physics, chemistry, biology are controlled by one
The plantation of reason measure and Fructus Jujubae organically combines, and repairs salt-soda soil and the development of Fructus Jujubae plant husbandry all has the salt of remarkable result
The method that plantation Fructus Jujubae is repaired on alkali ground.
Background technology
The salinization of soil is a global problem, various countries all over the world, serious threat ecological safety and human survival.
The U.S., Canada, Russia, Germany, France, Mongolian and Chinese etc. saline-alkali soil is had to be distributed.Salt-soda soil, whole world area at present
About 9.54 hundred million hm2, and the agricultural land salinization and alkalization of about 20% is constantly increasing the weight of, it is contemplated that to the year two thousand fifty, it will have more than
The tilth salinization of 50%.China's salinized soil area is big, and type is various, salinization soil area about 3693.3 ten thousand hm2, residual salt
Stain soil about 4486.7 ten thousand hm2, potential salinization soil is 1733.3 ten thousand hm2, all kinds of salt-soda soils area amounts to 9913.3 ten thousand
hm2.To this end, countries in the world are all at actively research, the control measures of the exploration salinization of soil, nationality is to improve the effective of soil resource
Utilize, improve the ecological environment, promote agricultural sustainable development.
The harm that mankind's activity is caused by salt-soda soil is mainly reflected in and affects vegetation growth, makes crop production reduction or total crop failure；
Deteriorate ecological environment, and can corrosion and damage job facilities.Saline-alkali soil shows themselves in that on the harm of plant the pore 1. affecting plant closes
Closing, under high concentration salts effect, the Starch formation in Stomacal guard cell is hindered, causes cell can not close, therefore
Plant easily arid is withered.2. cause the physiological drought of plant, containing too much solubility salt in solonchak, soil can be increased molten
The osmotic pressure of liquid, thus cause the physiological drought of plant, make to absorb from soil when root system of plant and germination enough
Moisture, even also result in moisture from root cells exosmose, make plant wilt the most dead.3. plant normal nutrition is affected.By
In the competition of sodium ion, making plant reduce the absorption of potassium, phosphorus and other nutrients, the transfer of phosphorus also can be suppressed, from
And affect the nutriture of plant.4. Ion toxicity, plant directly can be produced and poison by salt ion such as sodium ion, chloride ion
Effect, the chloride ion of excess makes plant leaf yellowing, decreased growth, comes off ahead of time.5. form and the structure of plant changes,
The blade of some halophytess diminishes, and so can shorten trophophase；Also can reduce transpiration, thus reduce the absorption to salinity.
6. the destruction to Soil structure.Substantial amounts of sodium ion enters soil colloids, and it can in the calcium ion generation of soil colloid absorption
Swap out, cause grogs to disperse, destroy structure, make soil permeability reduce, and affect the activity of microorganism.
At present, the control measures in salt-soda soil has the measures such as physically improved, chemical modifying, biological modification.Physically improved refer to
The method using physics carries out transforming saline-alkali soil, as used irrigation and drainage system, rinsing the methods such as desalination, Song Geng, pressure sand, reaches
The purpose of modified utilization.Wherein, it is the Main Means of external Saline-alkali Field Control based on the engineering measure of drip washing salt discharge, i.e. sets up
Perfect irrigation and drainage system, in conjunction with plough deeply improve the soil, soil removal and replacement, drip washing, the measure such as alluvial reduce the target of arable layer saliferous.Engineering
Although measure is applied relatively broad, but also exist that the amount of labour used is big, input cost is high, it is limited to hold time or it is tight to be limited to water resource
Open and wait series of problems, and can not fundamentally reduce soil salt, it is necessary to combine other measure and carry out；Chemical modifying is exactly should
Improve the character in salt-soda soil with some acid salts substances, reduce the acid-base value of soil, increase the cation replacement energy of soil
Power, reduces the salinity of soil, strengthens Soil Microorganism and the activity of enzyme, promotes plant root growth；Biological modification is i.e. used
Plant improvement salt-soda soil, easy to implement the method, remarkable in economical benefits, biological control measure can gradually change the physical characteristic of soil, make soil
Earth structure changes, and quality becomes to loosen, breathe freely and water storage capacity enhancing.
The measures such as physics, chemistry, biological modification are administered salt-soda soil and are respectively arranged with pluses and minuses, and single ameliorative measure effect is limited,
Relatively costly, the soil remediation in salt-soda soil is a systematic engineering of business.Practice have shown that for many years, take aggregate measures, overall planning,
Comprehensive control, carries out water conservancy, farming and combines with biological control measure, and tradition ameliorative measure blends with ecological restoring method, appropriate
Improvement soil, the reparation in salt-soda soil can obtain more satisfactory effect with improvement.
Fructus Jujubae is a cultivar of jujube tree, and being that of stingless jujube tree is late-maturing eats improved seeds raw, is also well recognized as
The Zizyphus jujuba Mill kind that quality is best.Mean fruit weight 17.5g, maximum single fruit weight up to 25g, shape such as Fructus Mali pumilae, have " griggles " it
Claim.The reddish brown light of peel, the thin fragile muscle of skin, sweet delicate fragrance, nutritious, edible rate reaches 95%.Through scientific analysis, Fructus Jujubae contains sky
The aminoacid of 19 kinds of needed by human such as Aspartic Acid, threonine, compared with other fruit, Fructus Jujubae possibly together with abundant vitamin A,
The various trace elements such as vitamin E and potassium, sodium, ferrum, copper, ascorbic content is 70 times of Fructus Mali pumilae, 140 times of pears, nutriture value
Value is " hat of BAIGUO ", is described as " BAIGUO king ", " vitamin pill of living ".Additionally rich in various trace elements and mineral, have anti-
Cancer, effect of anti-cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, nutritive value is the hat of BAIGUO, extremely consumers in general's favor, is referred to as " the strangest
Really ", plantation Fructus Jujubae has good economic benefit.
Long-term plantation practice finds that Fructus Jujubae extremely Salt And Alkali Tolerance can normally be given birth under conditions of soil pH value 5.5-8.5
Long, and considerable economic benefit can be obtained.For the feature in salt-soda soil, the development Fructus Jujubae plantation of comprehensive multiple reclamation activities
Industry, on the one hand can continue repair saline-land soil, increase soil fertility；On the other hand considerable economic benefit can be obtained,
It is that the most cost-effective measure is repaired in salt-soda soil.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the defect existed for prior art, it is provided that salt-soda soil physics, chemistry, biology are controlled by one
The plantation of reason measure and Fructus Jujubae organically combines, and repairs salt-soda soil and the development of Fructus Jujubae plant husbandry all has the salt of remarkable result
The method that plantation Fructus Jujubae is repaired on alkali ground.
It is an object of the invention to solve by the following technical programs:
The method of plantation Fructus Jujubae is repaired in a kind of salt-soda soil, it is characterised in that: steps of the method are:
A, saline and alkaline planting site select: determine saline and alkaline planting site and Fructus Jujubae plantation product according to the salt-tolerant threshold of soil salt content and Fructus Jujubae
Kind；
B, salt-soda soil in winter process: uniformly apply in soil layer surface by crop material ground product, desulfurated plaster, farmers''s poultry fertilizer,
Then plough soil 45cm and freeze upturned soil；
Soil treatment before c, plantation in spring: before plantation in spring, microbe soil restoration agent, compound fertilizer and potash fertilizer are turned over and mixes and stirs
In soil；
D, plantation Fructus Jujubae: soil treatment is after 20 days, select robust growth, well developed root system, the high-quality Fructus Jujubae Seedling caused harm without disease pest by
According to spacing in the rows be 2m, line-spacing be 3 meters of field planting, row to be designed as north and south row to；
E, cultivation management: annual 5-8 respectively topdresses once the middle of the month, before jujube tree rudiment, Hua Qian, young fruit expanding stage and respectively fill before surviving the winter
1 time permeable, ploughs tree dish organic fertilizer autumn, other Routine Management.
The salt-tolerant threshold according to soil salt content and Fructus Jujubae in described step a determines saline and alkaline planting site and Fructus Jujubae plantation product
The criterion planted is: the sodium chloride salt-tolerant threshold of different Fructus Jujubae kinds is usually 1.8-2.5%, actual measurement salt-soda soil salinity, salt
Alkali planting site salinity≤3.8% can plant Fructus Jujubae, wherein, if surveying the salt-soda soil preferred salt tolerant Fructus Jujubae kind of salinity ＞ 2.8%
Plant, such as Huanghua Fructus Jujubae, Fructus Mali pumilae Fructus Jujubae etc., if surveying salt-soda soil salinity≤2.8%, the most preferably high yield high-quality Fructus Jujubae product
Plant, such as Zhanhua winter jujube, red gold awns Fructus Jujubae etc..
Crop material ground product in described step b refers to one or more dry straw of Semen Maydis, Fructus Hordei Vulgaris, Sorghum vulgare Pers., Semen avenae nudae
The 30-40 mesh ground product of stalk, amount of application is 3-4t/ mu；CaSO in described desulfurated plaster4•2H2O content is not less than 90%, uses
Amount is 0.4t-0.7t/ mu；Described farmers''s poultry fertilizer be the feces of livestock and poultry become thoroughly decomposed be main farm manure, and in farm manure
The content of organic matter is not less than 30g/kg, and amount of application is 2.5-3t/ mu.
The soil 45cm that ploughs in described step b freezes the method for upturned soil and is: by crop material ground product, desulfurated plaster, farmers'
Poultry fertilizer uniformly applies in soil layer surface, then uses caterpillar tractor to draw three turnplows and ploughs the soil layer 45cm degree of depth, furrow width
3.5m, dry in the sun ditched 35cm in time deeply to prevent stagnant evil after 4 days.
The component of the microbe soil restoration agent in described step c and proportioning be: AMF 4-6 part, colloid bud
Spore bacillus 3-4 part, bacillus subtilis 3-4 part, cellulomonas cartae 2-3 part, Bacteroides succinogenes 1.5-2 part, bentonite 16-
20 parts.
The amount of application of the microbe soil restoration agent in described step c is 30-50kg/ mu；Described compound fertilizer is not for containing
Ammonium ion and the compound fertilizer of chloride ion, amount of application is 15-20kg/ mu；Described potash fertilizer not chloride ion-containing, amount of application is 15-
25kg/ mu.
The preferred phosphate fertilizer that topdresses in described step e, amount of application is 0.5-1kg/ strain, the preferred ring-type fertilization method of fertilizing method.
Effective clump count of described AMF is 40-70 × 108cfu/g；Described colloid bacillus cereus
Effectively clump count is 50-80 × 108cfu/g；Effective clump count of described bacillus subtilis is 30-60 × 108cfu/g；Institute
Effective clump count of the cellulomonas cartae stated is 30-50 × 108cfu/g；Effective clump count of described Bacteroides succinogenes
For 20-40 × 108cfu/g。
The present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
The present invention determines saline and alkaline planting site and Fructus Jujubae varieties of plant according to the salt-tolerant threshold of soil salt content and Fructus Jujubae；By Fructus Jujubae kind
Plant and organically combine with salt-soda soil physics, chemistry, biological treating measure, both can obtain high warp under relatively low input
Ji benefit, can improve again soil with organic matter content, increase soil fertility；Finally create significant economic benefit and ecology
Benefit, repairs salt-soda soil and the development of Fructus Jujubae plant husbandry all has positive facilitation.
The salt-soda soil of the present invention is repaired the method for plantation Fructus Jujubae and is found by production practices for many years: general every per mu yield Fructus Jujubae
More than 1000 kilogram, be subtracted out salt-soda soil repair treatment cost, every mu can also obtain net income more than 3000 yuan, economic benefit up to
To about the 60% of the Fructus Jujubae plant husbandry of non-salt-soda soil, and the Saline-alkali Field Control measure of routine not only can not extra earning, and to expend big
The improvement fund of amount, it is thus appreciated that the method that plantation Fructus Jujubae is repaired in the salt-soda soil of the present invention can obtain significant economy
Benefit.
Production practices for many years also find, are 3.6% at soil salt content, and the content of organic matter is 8.3%, and full dose nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium divide
Not Wei the barren salt-soda soil plantation Fructus Jujubae after 5 years of 0.74g/Kg, 0.37g/Kg, 9.3g/Kg, detect soil salt content drops to
2.2%, the content of organic matter then rises to 30.1%, full dose nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content rise to respectively 1.6g/Kg, 0.78g/Kg and
22.8g/Kg, the comprehensive fertility rank of soil is risen to 3 grades (close to medium fertility levels) by 5-6 level (barren).The most permissible
Finding, the method that plantation Fructus Jujubae is repaired in the salt-soda soil of the present invention is the most excellent to the repairing effect of alkaline land soil.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
The method of plantation Fructus Jujubae is repaired in a kind of salt-soda soil, it is characterised in that: steps of the method are:
A, saline and alkaline planting site select: determine saline and alkaline planting site and Fructus Jujubae plantation product according to the salt-tolerant threshold of soil salt content and Fructus Jujubae
Kind, its concrete criterion is: the sodium chloride salt-tolerant threshold of different Fructus Jujubae kinds is usually 1.8-2.5%, actual measurement salt-soda soil saliferous
Amount, saline and alkaline planting site salinity≤3.8% can plant Fructus Jujubae, wherein, if surveying the salt-soda soil preferred salt tolerant Fructus Jujubae of salinity ＞ 2.8%
Kind is planted, and such as Huanghua Fructus Jujubae, Fructus Mali pumilae Fructus Jujubae etc., if actual measurement salt-soda soil salinity≤2.8%, the most preferably gets bumper crops the high-quality winter
Fructus Jujubae kind is planted, such as Zhanhua winter jujube, red gold awns Fructus Jujubae etc.；
B, salt-soda soil in winter process: preferably crop material ground product, desulfurated plaster, farmers''s poultry fertilizer processes as salt-soda soil in winter
Improvement material, wherein crop material ground product refers to the 30-of one or more dry straws of Semen Maydis, Fructus Hordei Vulgaris, Sorghum vulgare Pers., Semen avenae nudae
40 mesh ground product, amount of application is 3-4t/ mu；CaSO in desulfurated plaster4•2H2O content is not less than 90%, and amount of application is 0.4t-
0.7t/ mu；Farmers''s poultry fertilizer be the feces of livestock and poultry become thoroughly decomposed be main farm manure, and the content of organic matter in farm manure is not less than
30g/kg, amount of application is 2.5-3t/ mu；Crop material ground product, desulfurated plaster, farmers''s poultry fertilizer are uniformly applied in soil layer table
Face, then ploughs soil 45cm and freezes upturned soil, method particularly includes: crop material ground product, desulfurated plaster, farmers''s poultry fertilizer are uniformly executed
Being spread on soil layer surface, then use caterpillar tractor to draw three turnplows and plough the soil layer 45cm degree of depth, furrow width 3.5m, after dry in the sun 4 days
Trench digging 35cm is deeply to prevent stagnant evil in time；
Soil treatment before c, plantation in spring: before plantation in spring, microbe soil restoration agent, compound fertilizer and potash fertilizer are uniformly mixed and stirred
In soil, wherein component and the proportioning of microbe soil restoration agent is: effectively clump count is 40-70 × 108The clump branch bacterium of cfu/g
Mycorrhiza fungi 4-6 part, effective clump count are 50-80 × 108Colloid bacillus cereus 3-4 part of cfu/g, effective clump count are 30-60
×108Bacillus subtilis 3-4 part of cfu/g, effective clump count are 30-50 × 108Cellulomonas cartae 2-3 part of cfu/g, have
Effect clump count is 20-40 × 108Bacteroides succinogenes 1.5-2 part of cfu/g, bentonite 16-20 part, microbe soil reparation
The amount of application of agent is 30-50kg/ mu；Compound fertilizer is the compound fertilizer without ammonium ion and chloride ion, and amount of application is 15-20kg/ mu；
Potash fertilizer not chloride ion-containing, amount of application is 15-25kg/ mu；
D, plantation Fructus Jujubae: soil treatment is after 20 days, select robust growth, well developed root system, the high-quality Fructus Jujubae Seedling caused harm without disease pest by
According to spacing in the rows be 2m, line-spacing be 3 meters of field planting, row to be designed as north and south row to；
E, cultivation management: annual 5-8 respectively topdresses once the middle of the month, and topdress preferred phosphate fertilizer, and amount of application is 0.5-1kg/ strain；Jujube tree sprouts
Before bud, Hua Qian, young fruit expanding stage and before surviving the winter each fill 1 time permeable, plough tree dish organic fertilizer autumn, other Routine Management.
The present invention determines saline and alkaline planting site and Fructus Jujubae varieties of plant according to the salt-tolerant threshold of soil salt content and Fructus Jujubae；By the winter
Fructus Jujubae plantation organically combines with salt-soda soil physics, chemistry, biological treating measure, both can obtain height under relatively low input
Economic benefit, soil with organic matter content can be improved again, increase soil fertility；Finally create significant economic benefit and
Ecological benefits, repair salt-soda soil and the development of Fructus Jujubae plant husbandry all has positive facilitation.
Embodiment
Within 2009, carry out salt pan repairing and treating engineering in Qing Kou saltern, Jiangsu Province, measure Qing Kou saltern soil salt content,
The content of organic matter and full dose nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content, obtain data as shown in table 1 below.
Soil salt measured value is 2.8% ＜ 3.6% ＜ 3.8%, it is therefore preferable that salt tolerant Fructus Jujubae kind Huanghua Fructus Jujubae is planted
Planting, the method using the salt-soda soil of the present invention to repair plantation Fructus Jujubae carries out alkaline land improvement engineering.Winter in 2009 carries out saline and alkaline
Ground improvement, preferably corn stalk powder are minced, desulfurated plaster, farmers''s poultry are fertile as the improvement material that winter, salt-soda soil processed, beautiful
The rice powder of straw amount of application that minces is 3.5t/ mu；Desulfurated plaster amount of application is 0.6t/ mu；Farmers''s poultry fertilizer amount of application is 2.8t/
Mu；Minced by corn stalk powder, desulfurated plaster, farmers''s poultry fertilizer uniformly apply in soil layer surface, then use caterpillar tractor
Drawing three turnplows and plough the soil layer 45cm degree of depth, furrow width 3.5m, dry in the sun ditched 35cm in time deeply to prevent stagnant evil after 4 days.
Spring in 2010, the microbe soil restoration agent being configured to, compound fertilizer and potash fertilizer are turned over and mixes and stirs in soil, its
In, the component of microbe soil restoration agent and proportioning be: effectively clump count is 53 × 108The AMF of cfu/g 5 parts,
Effectively clump count is 68 × 108The colloid bacillus cereus of cfu/g 3.5 parts, effective clump count are 41 × 108The hay spore of cfu/g
Bacillus 3.5 parts, effective clump count are 38 × 108The cellulomonas cartae of cfu/g 2.5 parts, effective clump count are 32 × 108Cfu/g's
Bacteroides succinogenes 1.8 parts, bentonite 18 parts, the amount of application of microbe soil restoration agent is 40kg/ mu；Compound fertilizer is not for containing
Ammonium ion and the compound fertilizer of chloride ion, amount of application is 17.5kg/ mu；Potash fertilizer not chloride ion-containing, amount of application is 20kg/ mu；Soil
After processing 20 days, select robust growth, well developed root system, the high-quality Fructus Jujubae Seedling caused harm without disease pest according to spacing in the rows be 2m, line-spacing be 3 meters
Field planting, row to be designed as north and south row to.
After Fructus Jujubae plantation, annual 5-8 respectively topdresses once the middle of the month, and topdress preferred phosphate fertilizer, and amount of application is 0.5-1kg/ strain, phosphorus
Fertile amount of application carries out suitable regulation according to the growth size of jujube tree, before jujube tree rudiment, Hua Qian, young fruit expanding stage and before surviving the winter
Each fill 1 time permeable, plough tree dish organic fertilizer autumn, other Routine Management.
Autumn in 2015 gathers in the crops Fructus Jujubae, carries out output statistics, and average yield per mu Fructus Jujubae 1015 kilograms, every mu of net income reaches then
To more than 3300 yuan, and found by colleague's investigation, in the peasant household of plantation Huanghua, non-salt-soda soil Fructus Jujubae, average yield per mu 1300 kilograms,
Every mu of benefit is about 5000 yuan.The milpa in Qing Kou saltern is higher due to soil salt content, and Planting Crops is not the most received
Become, or receive not to propping up.It appeared that the method using the salt-soda soil of the present invention to repair plantation Fructus Jujubae is planted the winter in Qing Kou saltern
Fructus Jujubae can obtain considerable benefit.
Soil salt content, the content of organic matter and full dose nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium of within 2015, measuring Qing Kou saltern Fructus Jujubae planting site contain
Amount, obtains data as shown in table 2 below.
By table 2 it is found that Qing Kou saltern is experimental field entered by the method using the salt-soda soil of the present invention to repair plantation Fructus Jujubae
The row repairing and treating soil salt content of 5 years and soil fertility measure and find, the salinity of Qing Kou saltern Fructus Jujubae planting site soil, have
Machine matter content and full dose nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are all obviously improved, and Variation of Integrated Soil Fertility rank is by 5-6 level (barren level)
Rise to 3 grades (close to medium fertility levels).It is thus appreciated that the method for plantation Fructus Jujubae is repaired to salt in the salt-soda soil of the present invention
The repairing effect of alkali ground soil is the most excellent.
The present invention determines saline and alkaline planting site and Fructus Jujubae varieties of plant according to the salt-tolerant threshold of soil salt content and Fructus Jujubae；By the winter
Fructus Jujubae plantation organically combines with salt-soda soil physics, chemistry, biological treating measure, both can obtain height under relatively low input
Economic benefit, soil with organic matter content can be improved again, increase soil fertility；Finally create significant economic benefit and
Ecological benefits, repair salt-soda soil and the development of Fructus Jujubae plant husbandry all has positive facilitation.
Above example is only the technological thought that the present invention is described, it is impossible to limit protection scope of the present invention with this, every
The technological thought proposed according to the present invention, any change done on the basis of technical scheme, each fall within scope
Within；The technology that the present invention is not directed to all can be realized by prior art.
Claims (8)
1. the method that plantation Fructus Jujubae is repaired in a salt-soda soil, it is characterised in that: steps of the method are:
A, saline and alkaline planting site select: determine saline and alkaline planting site and Fructus Jujubae plantation product according to the salt-tolerant threshold of soil salt content and Fructus Jujubae
Kind；
B, salt-soda soil in winter process: uniformly apply in soil layer surface by crop material ground product, desulfurated plaster, farmers''s poultry fertilizer,
Then plough soil 45cm and freeze upturned soil；
Soil treatment before c, plantation in spring: before plantation in spring, microbe soil restoration agent, compound fertilizer and potash fertilizer are turned over and mixes and stirs
In soil；
D, plantation Fructus Jujubae: soil treatment is after 20 days, select robust growth, well developed root system, the high-quality Fructus Jujubae Seedling caused harm without disease pest by
According to spacing in the rows be 2m, line-spacing be 3 meters of field planting, row to be designed as north and south row to；
E, cultivation management: annual 5-8 respectively topdresses once the middle of the month, before jujube tree rudiment, Hua Qian, young fruit expanding stage and respectively fill before surviving the winter
1 time permeable, ploughs tree dish organic fertilizer autumn, other Routine Management.
The method of plantation Fructus Jujubae is repaired in salt-soda soil the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: depending in described step a
The criterion determining saline and alkaline planting site and Fructus Jujubae varieties of plant according to the salt-tolerant threshold of soil salt content and Fructus Jujubae is: different Fructus Jujubae kinds
Sodium chloride salt-tolerant threshold be usually 1.8-2.5%, actual measure salt-soda soil salinity, saline and alkaline planting site salinity≤3.8% can
Plantation Fructus Jujubae, wherein, if the actual measurement salt-soda soil preferred salt tolerant Fructus Jujubae kind of salinity ＞ 2.8% is planted, such as Huanghua Fructus Jujubae, Herba Marsileae Quadrifoliae
Really Fructus Jujubae etc., if actual measurement salt-soda soil salinity≤2.8%, the most preferably high yield high-quality Fructus Jujubae kind plants, as Zhanhua winter jujube,
Red gold awns Fructus Jujubae etc..
The method of plantation Fructus Jujubae is repaired in salt-soda soil the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the work in described step b
Thing powder of straw minces the 30-40 mesh ground product of one or more dry straws referring to Semen Maydis, Fructus Hordei Vulgaris, Sorghum vulgare Pers., Semen avenae nudae, amount of application
For 3-4t/ mu；CaSO in described desulfurated plaster4•2H2O content is not less than 90%, and amount of application is 0.4t-0.7t/ mu；Described
Farmers''s poultry fertilizer be the feces of livestock and poultry become thoroughly decomposed be main farm manure, and the content of organic matter in farm manure is not less than 30g/kg,
Amount of application is 2.5-3t/ mu.
The method of plantation Fructus Jujubae is repaired in salt-soda soil the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: ploughing in described step b
The earth 45cm that digs freezes the method for upturned soil: uniformly apply crop material ground product, desulfurated plaster, farmers''s poultry fertilizer in soil layer table
Face, then uses caterpillar tractor to draw three turnplows and ploughs the soil layer 45cm degree of depth, furrow width 3.5m, and dry in the sun is ditched after 4 days in time
35cm is deeply to prevent stagnant evil.
The method of plantation Fructus Jujubae is repaired in salt-soda soil the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: micro-in described step c
The component of biological soil renovation agent and proportioning be: AMF 4-6 part, colloid bacillus cereus 3-4 part, bacillus subtilis
3-4 part, cellulomonas cartae 2-3 part, Bacteroides succinogenes 1.5-2 part, bentonite 16-20 part.
The method of plantation Fructus Jujubae is repaired in salt-soda soil the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: micro-in described step c
The amount of application of biological soil renovation agent is 30-50kg/ mu；Described compound fertilizer is the compound fertilizer without ammonium ion and chloride ion,
Amount of application is 15-20kg/ mu；Described potash fertilizer not chloride ion-containing, amount of application is 15-25kg/ mu.
The method of plantation Fructus Jujubae is repaired in salt-soda soil the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: chasing after in described step e
Fertile preferably phosphate fertilizer, amount of application is 0.5-1kg/ strain, the preferred ring-type fertilization method of fertilizing method.
The method of plantation Fructus Jujubae is repaired in salt-soda soil the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described arbuscular mycorrhiza is true
Effective clump count of bacterium is 40-70 × 108cfu/g；Effective clump count of described colloid bacillus cereus is 50-80 × 108cfu/
g；Effective clump count of described bacillus subtilis is 30-60 × 108cfu/g；Effective bacterium colony of described cellulomonas cartae
Number is 30-50 × 108cfu/g；Effective clump count of described Bacteroides succinogenes is 20-40 × 108cfu/g。
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| CN109076865A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-25 | 无棣振棣农牧有限公司 | A kind of method that salt-soda soil water-fertilizer integral improves winter jujube planting benefit |
| CN109759441A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-17 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of alkaline land soil restorative procedure |
| CN110558187A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2019-12-13 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | method for planting lycoris radiata on coastal mud flat |
| CN111647527A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-11 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for improving saline-alkali soil and preserving fertilizer by utilizing bacillus subtilis |
| CN112390689A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-02-23 | 山西省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Special winter jujube compound fertilizer suitable for saline-alkali soil and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107903908A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-13 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | A kind of organic conditioner and its application process for being used to transform salt-soda soil |
| CN108040786A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-05-18 | 重庆市合川区农产品质量安全监督检验检测站 | A kind of implantation methods and interplanting method of salt-soda soil hot pickled mustard tuber |
| CN110558187A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2019-12-13 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | method for planting lycoris radiata on coastal mud flat |
| CN109076865A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-25 | 无棣振棣农牧有限公司 | A kind of method that salt-soda soil water-fertilizer integral improves winter jujube planting benefit |
| CN109759441A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-17 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of alkaline land soil restorative procedure |
| CN111647527A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-11 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for improving saline-alkali soil and preserving fertilizer by utilizing bacillus subtilis |
| CN112390689A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-02-23 | 山西省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Special winter jujube compound fertilizer suitable for saline-alkali soil and preparation method and application thereof |
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