CN107805500A - A kind of soil conditioner for preventing and treating soil hardening and its application - Google Patents
A kind of soil conditioner for preventing and treating soil hardening and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107805500A CN107805500A CN201711039699.2A CN201711039699A CN107805500A CN 107805500 A CN107805500 A CN 107805500A CN 201711039699 A CN201711039699 A CN 201711039699A CN 107805500 A CN107805500 A CN 107805500A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
- C09K17/18—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds
- C09K17/20—Vinyl polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of soil conditioner for preventing and treating soil hardening and its application, the soil conditioner is by major ingredient（Salt algae skin particle）And auxiliary material（Soil aggregate accelerating agent）In mass ratio 100:0.5 ~ 1 composition.Wherein, main ingredient composition is the leftover bits and pieces salt algae skin by Solar pond production, through drying, crushing, sieving（The mm of aperture 2）Obtained from salt algae skin particle；Auxiliary material component is with the macromolecule copolymer polyacrylamide for promoting soil granular structure to be formed（The mm of particle diameter 2）.Its application method is together applies before crop-planting with reference to field site preparation with base manure, and mu dosage is at 500 ~ 1000 kilograms.Use the soil conditioner of the present invention, crop root growth and increase crop yield can be not only obviously promoted, it also can obviously reduce the soil weight, increase the ratio of soil porosity, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and soil macro aggregate, so as to effectively improve the physicochemical character of agricultural land soil, to preventing and treating, agricultural land soil is hardened to have significant effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture field, and in particular to a kind of soil conditioner for preventing and treating soil hardening and its application.
Background technology
Soil hardening refers to upper soll layer due to a lack of organic matter, dysplasia, pour water or the external cause action such as rainfall under tie
Structure destroys, earth material disperses, and is acted on the phenomenon for making table soil be hardened after drying by cohesive force.Cause the main original that agricultural land soil is hardened
Because having：（1）Agricultural land soil quality is too viscous, and arable layer is shallow；（2）Organic fertilizer application wretched insufficiency, soil organic matter content are low；（3）
Excess and imbalance apply chemical fertilizer；（4）Agricultural machinery farming is suppressed；（5）Plastic products excessively remain；（6）Soil erosion；（7）
The accumulation of harmful substance.Main harm caused by agricultural land soil is hardened is：（1）Cause crop root system undergrowth；（2）Cause
Nutritional deficiency disease occurs for crop plant, reduces the yield and quality of agricultural product.
Show that China is each with investigation in the field location test in the whole nation in recent years according to soil and fertilizer research institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Unreasonable farming that main agriculture district is widely present, excessively plantation, a large amount of inputs of agricultural chemicals and the aging of irrigation canals and ditches facility are
Cause the topsoil of agricultural land soil generality thinning, nutrient lack of balanceization is serious, soil hardening, and Biological character of soil is degenerated, soil
Acidifying, gleying, salination increase, water drainage ability of taking precautions against drought, arable soil basic topography constantly decline.Especially south China
Red-yellow farmland, because Cultivation in Multiple Cropping Systems index is high, long-term excess is inclined to fertilize, and organic fertilizer insufficient investment, agricultural land soil acid
Change and soil compaction phenomenon is even more serious.
Due to atmosphere pollution, excessive fertilization, Farmland was overused without proper attention to the maintenance of its fertility, Farmland contamination is caused to aggravate, soil acidification is hardened, active drop
Low, soil regulation is very urgent, and arable land is repaired extremely urgent.Traditional soil conditioner ----lime, calcium superphosphate,
Calcium magnesium phosphate, the drawbacks of function is single, side effect is big is shown, though have adjusted soil aciditiy, also form calcium sulfate, phosphoric acid
The insoluble material such as calcium, so as to accelerate soil hardening, makes soil lose vigor.
The external research to artificial synthesized soil conditioner starts from the 1950s.Bear nineteen fifty-ones disclose soil
Conditioner Krilium result of study.In the 1970s, De Boodt (1972), Stewart (1975) begin one's study with
Macromolecule polyalcohol is the soil conditioner of main body, however these conditioners because usage amount is big, costly and effect is unstable and
Fail to be used widely.In the 1980s, the research of soil conditioner obtains greater advance, wherein with Belgium and India
Conditioner it is the most successful.After the 1990s, water-soluble polymer because its have water and soil conservation be worth and again by
Pay attention to, the U.S. is being studied at present is applied to rain-fed agriculture by anion polyacrylamide (PAM).
The 1980s mid-term, China starts to introduce Belgian soil conditioner, but fails because its cost is high at me
State's popularization and application.In the 1990s, other external new soil recuperation agents also begin to be described successively to China, to PAM
Numerous studies have been carried out in effect and composition etc. to act on the conditioner of main body, have developed the conditioners such as liquid film on soil surface
（Huang Peng, 2001；Ye Xin etc., 2012）.After 2000, some biotech companies start independent research soil conditioner, land
It is continuous to launch, and popularization and application in production, such as soil conditioning agent without deep ploughing, microorganism humic acid soil conditioner, Xia Shi
It is blue to obtain soil conditioner, the four seasons happy together agricultural soil conditioner etc..But there is valency for current existing soil conditioner product
Lattice are compared with high, one or more of deficiencies such as using area limitation is big, effect is unstable.
Primary raw material selected by the present invention is remaining the discarded object ----salt algae skin of strand salt pan salt manufacturing industry.Salt algae
Skin, refer to that strand salt field salt pan is closed after the moisture absorption during seawater evaporated brine, one layer of algae thing of superficial growth in salt pan
Matter, with drying for seawater, on the table soil of salt pan skinning occurs for this layer of algae substances, cracking, needs manually to be wiped off with instrument,
Transport salt pan.What these scraped salt pan and abandoned is salt algae skin.Because strand salt pan area is very vast, the salt algae skin of output
Raw material sources very abundant, price is very cheap, can also be because of a large amount of salt algae skins for a long time in salt pan if it can not be used effectively
Surrounding is accumulated and causes land seizure and environmental pollution etc. to endanger.Therefore, the present invention, which has, turns waste into wealth, it is excellent to turn harm into good
Point.In addition, according to our result of sampling inspection, the pH value of salt algae skin is up to 8.7, can be adjusted as the acid-base neutralization of acid soil in the south
Manage agent；It also contains higher calcium, magnesium, sulphur, zinc containing organic matter 18%, full nitrogen 0.49%, full phosphorus 0.18%, full potassium 1.18%
Deng nutrient necessary to crop growth, additionally containing organic nutrient substances such as grease, beta carotene, protein, polysaccharide,
Necessary organic matter fraction can be provided for agricultural land soil, and nutrient necessary to be provided for crop growth.Auxiliary material of the present invention
The accelerator generated from polyacrylamide (PAM) as soil granular structure, it is a kind of organic polymer polymerization of wire
Thing, there is good flocculability, cohesive and thickening property, the generation of soil macro aggregate particle can be effectively facilitated, and have
There are good water conservation, fertilizer conservation, solid soil and other effects.Therefore, patent of the present invention, emphasis are directed to south China Red-yellow agricultural land soil
In the prevalence of " acid（Acidifying）, it is thin（It is barren）, it is viscous（Bond）, it is shallow（Topsoil is shallow）" etc. main cultivation obstacle problem, there is provided
A kind of soil conditioner product viscous and other effects with cheap, easy to use, culture fertility, retain water and nutrients, acid adjustment control
Method of preparation and use.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of soil conditioner for preventing and treating soil hardening
And its application.The soil conditioner of the present invention, crop root growth and increase crop yield can be not only obviously promoted, can also be obvious
Reduce the soil weight, the ratio of increase soil porosity, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and soil macro aggregate, so as to effectively improve
The physicochemical character of agricultural land soil, to preventing and treating, agricultural land soil is hardened to have significant effect.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that, concrete operation step is as follows：
A kind of soil conditioner for preventing and treating soil hardening：It is made up of salt algae skin particle and soil aggregate accelerating agent.
Further, the mass ratio of salt algae skin particle and soil aggregate accelerating agent is 100:0.5 ~ 1, two kinds of mixing are equal
It is even, produce the soil conditioner of the present invention.
Further, the preparation method of described salt algae skin particle is：By the leftover bits and pieces of Solar pond production-salt algae skin, through shining
Dry, crushing, cross prepared by mm of aperture 2 sieve salt algae skin particle.
Further, described soil aggregate accelerating agent is polyacrylamide.
Preferably, the effective object of conditioner of the present invention is：Southern Red-yellow agricultural land soil.
A kind of application of the soil conditioner of preventing and treating soil hardening as described above：Field site preparation is combined before crop-planting
Together applied with base manure, applied salt algae skin soil conditioner is fully mixed with farming operation layer soil particle, mu dosage
At 500 ~ 1000 kilograms.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
（1）The major ingredient of the present invention selects remaining waste materials after the salt manufacturing of salt pan ----salt algae skin, on the one hand solve saltern
The problems such as surrounding result in land occupation and environmental pollution because accumulating largely discarded salt algae skin；On the other hand solves south
The problems such as acidifying of agricultural land soil and hardened degeneration, and improve the yield and quality of crops, have obvious ecology, it is economical and
Social benefit；
（2）The present invention is fully mixed salt algae skin particle and polyacrylamide by constant weight component, and before crop-planting
Together applied with base manure with reference to field site preparation, can not only be obviously promoted crop root growth and increase crop yield, can also be obvious
Reduce the soil weight, the ratio of increase soil porosity, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and soil macro aggregate, so as to effectively improve
The physicochemical character of agricultural land soil, to preventing and treating, agricultural land soil is hardened to have significant effect；Result of the test shows, in Single fertilizer
On the basis of, every mu of kg of conditioner 500 ~ 1000 for increasing the present invention, the biology production of water spinach root system and cauline leaf can be respectively increased
Amount 8.08% ~ 14.99% and 14.05% ~ 24.15%, reduces the unit weight 8.84 ~ 11.49% of soil after vegetables harvest, and increases soil
Porosity 4.69% ~ 6.59%, cation exchange capacity (CEC) 2.10% ~ 4.89%, soil macro aggregate accounting 6.60% ~ 11.84%, to promoting
The increasing both production and income and preventing and treating soil hardening positive effect of vegetable crop；
（3）Emphasis of the present invention is for south China Red-yellow agricultural land soil in the prevalence of " acid（Acidifying）, it is thin（It is barren）, it is viscous
（Bond）, it is shallow（Topsoil is shallow）" etc. main cultivation obstacle problem, there is provided one kind have it is cheap, easy to use, foster and apply fertilizer ground
Viscous and other effects the soil conditioner product of power, retain water and nutrients, acid adjustment control.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described, but the present invention is not limited only to these embodiments.
Embodiment 1
Experimental design：
Experiment is arranged in potted plant simulation solarium of Fujian Academy clay fertilizer institute.Using earth culture pot-culture method, for trying soil
Type is yellow mud field rice soil, and soil fertility is medium.It is for examination plastic tub alms bowl specification：The interior cm of upper diameter 21.5, interior lower diameter
14.5 cm, high 17.0 cm, each basin alms bowl dress air-dry soil sample（Cross 0.5 cm sieves）0.4 kg.5 processing of experimental design, i.e.,：
1) do not apply fertilizer（CK1）；
2）Single fertilizer（CK2, mu applies the pure kg of N 12；P2O5 4.8 kg；K2The kg of O 6.0, similarly hereinafter）
Use：The kg/ mus of MAP 9.6, the kg/ mus of potassium chloride 10, the kg/ mus of urea 24；
3) chemical fertilizer+low amounts salt algae skin conditioner
Fertilizer amount (is same as above), the kg/ mus of salt algae skin conditioner product dosage 500；
4) chemical fertilizer+middle amount salt algae skin conditioner
Fertilizer amount (is same as above), the kg/ mus of salt algae skin conditioner product dosage 750；
5) chemical fertilizer+a large amount salt algae skin conditioner
Fertilizer amount (is same as above), the kg/ mus of salt algae skin conditioner product dosage 1000；
Each 4 repetitions of processing.It is water spinach for examination crop varieties（The double axe boards of Thailand）, sow May 10 in 2017, August is received on the 3rd
Obtain.Have for examination fertilizer variety：Urea (containing N 46%), MAP (contain N 10%, containing P2O5 50%), potassium chloride (contains K2O
60%)；Fujian Province Putian saltern is picked up from for examination salt algae skin sample, to produce the leftover bits and pieces of edible salt；For the polyacrylamide of examination
(PAM) the Chemical Manufacture of Hebei province's Renqiu City product one and to provide.Salt algae skin soil conditioning is prepared through patented method of the present invention
Agent product, its mass ratio are：Salt algae skin particle:Polyacrylamide=100:0.8.All fertilizer and soil conditioners are disposable
Dress basin, which is mixed, with soil does base manure administration.Respectively handle in addition to the chemical fertilizer applied by experimental design is with soil conditioner difference,
Other daily managements are completely the same.
Result of the test：
Result of the test（Table 1）Show：On the basis of Single fertilizer, the salt algae skin soil conditioner of different amounts is increased（500~
1000 kg/ mus）The biological yield of water spinach root system and cauline leaf can be promoted to a certain extent, increase rate is respectively
8.08% ~ 14.99% and 14.05% ~ 24.15%.Wherein, the effect of increasing production of every mu of kg/ mus of administration of salt algae skin conditioner 750 is relative
Most preferably.The biological yield of water spinach root system and cauline leaf is significantly reduced without fertilizer treatment.
Result of the test（Table 2）Show：On the basis of Single fertilizer, the salt algae skin soil conditioner of different amounts is increased（500~
1000 kg/ mus）The unit weight of soil after vegetables harvest can be reduced to a certain extent, and the amplitude that reduces is 8.84% ~ 11.49%；Together
Shi Zengjia soil porosities and cation exchange capacity (CEC), increasing degree are respectively 4.69% ~ 6.59% and 2.10% ~ 4.89%.Wherein, often
The kg/ mus of mu administration of salt algae skin conditioner 750 are relatively optimal to the effect for reducing the soil weight and increase soil porosity；To carrying
The effect of high Cation Exchange Capacity in Soils is also relatively optimal.Unit weight, the hole of soil after being harvested without fertilizer treatment to water spinach
The influence unobvious of degree and cation exchange capacity (CEC).
Result of the test（Table 3）Show：On the basis of Single fertilizer, the salt algae skin soil conditioner of different amounts is increased（500~
1000 kg/ mus）The accounting of the macro aggregate of soil after vegetables harvest, increase rate 6.60% can be improved to a certain extent
~11.84%；The accounting of microaggregate is reduced, the amplitude that reduces is 13.21% ~ 23.72%.Wherein, every mu of administration of salt algae skin conditioner
1000 kg are relatively optimal to the effect for improving soil macro aggregate accounting.
In summary, on the basis of Single fertilizer, every mu increases the kg of patented product 500 ~ 1000 of the present invention, can be respectively increased
The biological yield 8.08% ~ 14.99% and 14.05% ~ 24.15% of water spinach root system and cauline leaf, reduce soil after vegetables harvest
Unit weight 8.84 ~ 11.49%, and increase soil porosity 4.69% ~ 6.59%, cation exchange capacity (CEC) 2.10% ~ 4.89%, soil agglomerate
Aggressiveness accounting 6.60% ~ 11.84%, increasing both production and income and preventing and treating soil hardening positive effect to promoting vegetable crop.
Embodiment 2
A kind of soil conditioner for preventing and treating soil hardening：It is 100 in mass ratio by salt algae skin particle and soil aggregate accelerating agent:
0.5 is mixed to prepare.
Embodiment 3
A kind of soil conditioner for preventing and treating soil hardening：It is 100 in mass ratio by salt algae skin particle and soil aggregate accelerating agent:
1 is mixed to prepare.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equivalent changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with
Modification, it should all belong to the covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. soil conditioner for preventing and treating soil hardening, it is characterised in that：By salt algae skin particle and soil aggregate accelerating agent Composition.
- 2. the soil conditioner of preventing and treating soil hardening according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Salt algae skin particle and soil The mass ratio of aggregate accelerator is 100:0.5~1.
- 3. the soil conditioner of preventing and treating soil hardening according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Described salt algae skin The preparation method of particle is：By the leftover bits and pieces of Solar pond production-salt algae skin, the sieve through drying, crushing, cross the mm of aperture 2 and be made Salt algae skin particle.
- 4. the soil conditioner of preventing and treating soil hardening according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Described soil group Aggressiveness accelerator is polyacrylamide.
- 5. the soil conditioner of preventing and treating soil hardening according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Described soil is Southern Red-yellow agricultural land soil.
- A kind of 6. application of the soil conditioner of preventing and treating soil hardening as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The tune Reason agent is together applied before crop-planting with reference to field site preparation with base manure, and mu dosage is at 500 ~ 1000 kilograms.
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| CN201711039699.2A CN107805500B (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | Soil conditioner for preventing and treating soil hardening and application thereof |
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Cited By (1)
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