CN111453746A - Preparation and application method of bittern preparation for salt pan capable of improving quality and yield of agricultural products - Google Patents
Preparation and application method of bittern preparation for salt pan capable of improving quality and yield of agricultural products Download PDFInfo
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- CN111453746A CN111453746A CN202010250096.2A CN202010250096A CN111453746A CN 111453746 A CN111453746 A CN 111453746A CN 202010250096 A CN202010250096 A CN 202010250096A CN 111453746 A CN111453746 A CN 111453746A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D3/00—Halides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D3/04—Chlorides
- C01D3/06—Preparation by working up brines; seawater or spent lyes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F5/00—Compounds of magnesium
- C01F5/40—Magnesium sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
- C05D1/02—Manufacture from potassium chloride or sulfate or double or mixed salts thereof
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Abstract
A preparation of bittern preparation of salt pan that can improve quality and output of agricultural product, take 1000 ml of 30 degrees Be' bittern, concentrate to the boiling point reaches 118-; cooling the concentrate to 70 +/-5 ℃, carrying out suction filtration or centrifugal separation while the concentrate is hot to obtain 138 g of sodium chloride filter cake and hot filtrate, and filteringCooling and crystallizing the solution, and precipitating a large amount of magnesium sulfate hexahydrate crystal MgSO at normal temperature4·6H2O, obtaining normal temperature crystals; centrifuging or filtering the normal temperature crystal to obtain MgSO4·6H2225 g of O filter cake and 358 ml of filtrate, namely the final mother liquor preparation, 35 ℃ Be', d =1.32 and about 472 g.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a separation method of inorganic salt fractional crystallization, in particular to a preparation and application method of a salt pan bittern preparation capable of improving the quality and yield of agricultural products. The invention has no any additive in the process of processing bittern.
Background
The bittern of sea salt field is a byproduct of salt field with headache, and about 1 cubic meter of bittern is produced when one ton of sea salt is produced, thus the yield is high. The bittern is highly concentrated seawater, and if the bittern is discharged back into the sea, the salinity of local sea areas is increased, the local natural ecology is seriously influenced, the cultivation of marine products is influenced, and the national regulation forbids the non-return discharge.
However, the main components in the bittern are as follows: magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, potassium chloride, and the like. The economic benefit is not high, and the recovery and the utilization are basically negative benefits, so that the bitter bittern in the salt field is mostly illegally recycled and not utilized.
According to the patent documents, although there are several patent technologies for producing potash fertilizers and related chemicals by using bittern, the process is complicated, the cost is high, and no one is willing to adopt the technology for actual production.
On the other hand, since the abandonment of farmyard manure by human beings, the natural circulation chain of trace elements in soil is broken after a large amount of fertilizer is applied. Because the supplement of trace elements is not obtained, the trace elements in the soil are increasingly depleted and lost. The quality of agricultural products is obviously reduced, and the chemical fertilizer does not have the taste of the agricultural products like the farmyard manure. Over time, trace elements in human bodies and livestock bodies are increasingly lost, so that the activity of an enzyme system is reduced in the life process, and the general low immunity is generated. Modern life and sanitary conditions have made great progress over the past, but have produced so many difficult and complicated diseases, so many patients. This is clearly correlated with the breakdown of the natural circulating chains of trace elements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to thoroughly solve the problem of effective utilization of bittern in a salt pan, supplement and connect a circulating chain of trace elements which are lacked in soil, improve the quality and the yield of agricultural products and improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers.
The technical scheme for preparing the salt pan bittern preparation capable of improving the quality and yield of agricultural products is that ① takes original bittern, which is salt pan bittern with the angle of 30 ℃ Be' and d =1.263 as an example;
② concentration and crystallization, wherein 1000 ml of Be' bittern with the temperature of 30 ℃ is taken, concentrated under normal pressure until the boiling point reaches 118-;
③ separating when it is hot, cooling the concentrate to 70 + -5 deg.C, vacuum filtering or centrifuging to obtain 138 g sodium chloride filter cake and hot filtrate, cooling the filtrate for crystallization, and precipitating a large amount of magnesium sulfate hexahydrate crystal MgSO4·6H2O, obtaining normal temperature crystals;
④ performing secondary separation by centrifuging or filtering to obtain MgSO4·6H2225 g of O filter cake and 358 ml of filtrate, namely the final mother liquor preparation, 35 ℃ Be', d =1.32 and about 472 g.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a salt pan bittern preparation capable of improving the quality and yield of agricultural products, wherein each cubic meter of 30 DEG Be bittern weighs 1263 kg, the boiling point can Be raised to 118 DEG 119 ℃ after 428 kg of water is evaporated, 138 kg of crude salt sodium chloride and 225 kg of magnesium sulfate hexahydrate can Be obtained after separation, and a final mother liquor preparation, namely a target product, is 0.3-0.35 cubic meter and is more than 35 DEG Be', and d is more than or equal to 1.32.
The invention relates to an application method of a salt pan bittern preparation capable of improving the quality and yield of agricultural products, wherein the obtained final mother liquor preparation is applied to crops according to the volume ratio of 1: diluting with 200-400 clear water; the pouring root can be diluted by 200-fold and 300-fold; the leaf surface spraying can be diluted by 300 times and 400 times, and can be applied to any plant;
leaf vegetables: watering roots once in the seedling stage, and spraying leaf surfaces once in the middle growth stage;
melon and fruit: the method is characterized in that root watering is carried out once in a seedling stage, leaf surface spraying is carried out once in an initial flowering stage, and leaf surface spraying is carried out once in a young fruit stage.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a bittern preparation for salt pan, which can improve the quality and yield of agricultural products, and finds out in the detailed research on the chemical composition of bittern that: the main components of the bittern in the salt pan are magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, potassium chloride and the like, and more importantly, the bittern contains almost all crust-stable natural elements (trace element types). The residual sodium chloride in bittern is still one of the main components, and the rest of the bittern can be absorbed by plants after the sodium chloride is removed.
For application to crops, it is critical that the residual amount of sodium chloride in the bittern must be minimized. That is, as long as most of the sodium chloride is removed, the bittern can be applied to crops at a certain dilution ratio (less than the sodium chloride content of normal human urine) so that magnesium, potassium, sulfur and valuable trace elements in the bittern can be absorbed by the crops. The purpose is achieved, and obvious benefit can be obtained by using a small amount of the composition.
The method skillfully utilizes the homoionic effect and the solubility characteristic of sodium chloride, separates the sodium chloride to the maximum extent, and retains other beneficial elements.
Taking the salt pan bittern of 30 ℃ Be' (d = 1.263) as an example, the following description is made: 1000 ml of 30 ℃ Be' bittern is taken, concentrated under normal pressure until the boiling point reaches 118-. Then cooling to 70 +/-5 ℃, and carrying out suction filtration (centrifugation) while the solution is hot to obtain 138 g of sodium chloride filter cake and hot filtrate. Cooling the filtrate for crystallization, and precipitating a large amount of magnesium sulfate hexahydrate crystals (MgSO)4·6H2O), centrifuging or filtering to obtain MgSO4·6H2225 g of O filter cake, 358 ml of filtrate (i.e. final mother liquor preparation) (35 ℃ Be'; d = 1.32), about 472 g. According to the statistics: 30 ℃ per cubic meter of Be' bittern (1263 kg in weight) and 428 kg of water are evaporated, the boiling point can Be raised to 11138 kg of crude salt sodium chloride and 225 kg of magnesium sulfate hexahydrate can Be obtained after separation at the temperature of between 8 and 119 ℃, and the final mother liquor (namely the target product) preparation is 0.3 to 0.35 cubic meter (more than 35 ℃ Be', and d is more than or equal to 1.32).
The salt field bittern preparation capable of improving the quality and yield of agricultural products of the invention enriches almost all magnesium chloride, potassium chloride, partial magnesium sulfate, a small amount of residual sodium chloride and all trace elements in seawater, and the calculated enrichment ratio is more than 180 times of that of the original standard seawater.
The application of the bittern preparation for salt pan capable of improving the quality and yield of agricultural products on crops is as follows, 1: 200-400 (volume ratio) diluting with clear water; the pouring root can be diluted by 200-fold and 300-fold; the foliage spray can be diluted by 400 times in 300 times and can be applied to any growth period of plants. The agricultural products are not polluted (because the product is harmless) after the product is immediately harvested after being sprayed.
The crude salt sodium chloride obtained by the invention can be refined to obtain salt products with various specifications. Or linking with salt field, returning the crude salt to salt pan, and re-drying to increase the yield of solarized crude salt.
The magnesium sulfate hexahydrate obtained by the invention can be recrystallized and refined to obtain magnesium sulfate or refined products, and can also be directly used for crop fertilizers (sulfur and magnesium fertilizers).
The sea water is bath soup of crusta after more than forty hundred million years of washing, the sea water contains all stable natural element types of the crusta, and the bittern of the salt pan is a high-concentration substance of the sea water, wherein trace elements with complete types can obviously improve the quality of all agricultural products. The trace elements of agricultural products are complete, various special flavor substances can be shown, and more importantly, the trace element circulation in the nature is continued, so that the enzyme system of people is sound, the immune system of people and livestock is effectively improved, and the probability of diseases of people and livestock is reduced.
The present invention can obtain sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate and other product through simple physical separation without any additional chemical. The final mother liquor, a salt pan bittern preparation capable of improving the quality and yield of agricultural products, is used as a microelement supplement for crops, can effectively improve the quality and yield of agricultural products, and can make full use of the fertilizer efficiency of a chemical fertilizer. The bittern is treated without any waste, and the obtained products are highly concentrated microelement solution, sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate and the like.
By adopting the method, the comprehensive utilization of the bittern in the salt pan can be completely solved, and the preparation obtained by the method, namely the code 'multi-micro-element', is considered by the test report applied by vegetable and flower research institute of Chinese academy of agricultural sciences:
the multi-microelement treatment has obvious influence on the growth and development of vegetables such as tomatoes, melons, Chinese cabbages and the like, so that the growth and development of seedlings and the distribution of photosynthetic dry matters are obviously changed, and the yield and the nutritional quality of the vegetables are obviously improved, and the following conclusion can be preliminarily drawn through the experimental research:
1. the multi-microelement treatment has the effects of promoting the growth of vegetable seedlings and increasing the dry weight of plants, improves the quality of seedlings and is beneficial to the formation of strong seedlings;
2. spraying multivitamin on leaves in vegetative growth period can enhance photosynthetic rate of leaves, especially improve stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2Concentration and the like, thereby increasing the synthesis of dry matters, promoting the vegetative growth of plants to increase the height and the stem thickness of the plants, finally promoting the growth of overground parts and having obvious effect on improving the dry weight and the fresh weight;
3. the yield of vegetables such as Chinese cabbage, cucumber, tomato and the like can be improved by multi-microelement treatment, the action effects of different vegetables have certain difference, and the yield increase rate is about 15%;
4. the multi-microelement treatment also can obviously improve the nutritional quality of fruits such as tomatoes, melons, cucumbers and other fruits, increase the nutritional indexes such as soluble solid, vitamin C, total sugar and the like, has certain difference on different vegetables influenced by trace elements, mainly shows that the content of beneficial trace elements is increased, and the content of harmful heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, mercury and the like is reduced, so that the multi-microelement spraying on the leaf surface has obvious effects on improving the nutritional quality of the fruits and reducing harmful substances.
In conclusion, it can be preliminarily considered that the application of the multi-vitamin treatment technology in agriculture, especially in facility agriculture, has various effects of promoting growth and development, regulating plant photosynthesis and assimilation distribution, improving yield and fruit quality, and the like. However, due to certain differences of results of different vegetables, further tests are needed to verify, the application technology and method of the multi-micro-element are necessary, the action mechanism is specially explored, and the influence of the multi-micro-element on the flavor substances of the vegetables and the fruits is also needed to be determined by the next test and test analysis.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the preparation of a bittern preparation for salt pan of the present invention for improving quality and yield of agricultural products.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a preparation method of a bittern preparation for salt pan, which can improve the quality and yield of agricultural products, as shown in figure 1,
① taking original bittern, which is made of 30 ℃ Be', d =1.263 bittern in salt field;
② concentration and crystallization, wherein 1000 ml of Be' bittern with the temperature of 30 ℃ is taken, concentrated under normal pressure until the boiling point reaches 118-;
③ separating when it is hot, cooling the concentrate to 70 + -5 deg.C, vacuum filtering or centrifuging to obtain 138 g sodium chloride filter cake and hot filtrate, cooling the filtrate for crystallization, and precipitating a large amount of magnesium sulfate hexahydrate crystal MgSO4·6H2O, obtaining normal temperature crystals;
④ performing secondary separation by centrifuging or filtering to obtain MgSO4·6H2225 g of O filter cake and 358 ml of filtrate, namely the final mother liquor preparation, 35 ℃ Be', d =1.32 and about 472 g.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a salt pan bittern preparation capable of improving the quality and yield of agricultural products, wherein each cubic meter of 30 DEG Be bittern weighs 1263 kg, the boiling point can Be raised to 118 DEG 119 ℃ after 428 kg of water is evaporated, 138 kg of crude salt sodium chloride and 225 kg of magnesium sulfate hexahydrate can Be obtained after separation, and a final mother liquor preparation, namely a target product, is 0.3-0.35 cubic meter and is more than 35 DEG Be', and d is more than or equal to 1.32.
The invention relates to an application method of a salt pan bittern preparation capable of improving the quality and yield of agricultural products, wherein the obtained final mother liquor preparation is applied to crops according to the volume ratio of 1: diluting with 200-400 clear water; the pouring root can be diluted by 200-fold and 300-fold; the leaf surface spraying can be diluted by 300 times and 400 times, and can be applied to any plant;
leaf vegetables: watering roots once in the seedling stage, and spraying leaf surfaces once in the middle growth stage;
melon and fruit: the method is characterized in that root watering is carried out once in a seedling stage, leaf surface spraying is carried out once in an initial flowering stage, and leaf surface spraying is carried out once in a young fruit stage.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a bittern preparation for salt pan, which can improve the quality and yield of agricultural products, and finds out in the detailed research on the chemical composition of bittern that: the main components of the bittern in the salt pan are magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, potassium chloride and the like, and more importantly, the bittern contains almost all crust-stable natural elements (trace element types). The residual sodium chloride in bittern is still one of the main components, and the rest of the bittern can be absorbed by plants after the sodium chloride is removed.
For application to crops, it is critical that the residual amount of sodium chloride in the bittern must be minimized. That is, as long as most of the sodium chloride is removed, the bittern can be applied to crops at a certain dilution ratio (less than the sodium chloride content of normal human urine) so that magnesium, potassium, sulfur and valuable trace elements in the bittern can be absorbed by the crops. The purpose is achieved, and obvious benefit can be obtained by using a small amount of the composition.
The method skillfully utilizes the homoionic effect and the solubility characteristic of sodium chloride, separates the sodium chloride to the maximum extent, and retains other beneficial elements.
Taking the salt pan bittern of 30 ℃ Be' (d = 1.263) as an example, the following description is made: 1000 ml of 30 ℃ Be' bittern is taken, concentrated under normal pressure until the boiling point reaches 118-The concentration is greatly improved, and sodium chloride is further separated out due to the influence of chloride ions. Then cooling to 70 +/-5 ℃, and carrying out suction filtration (centrifugation) while the solution is hot to obtain 138 g of sodium chloride filter cake and hot filtrate. Cooling the filtrate for crystallization, and precipitating a large amount of magnesium sulfate hexahydrate crystals (MgSO)4·6H2O), centrifuging or filtering to obtain MgSO4·6H2225 g of O filter cake, 358 ml of filtrate (i.e. final mother liquor preparation) (35 ℃ Be'; d = 1.32), about 472 g. According to the statistics: after 30 ℃ per cubic meter of the Be 'bittern (1263 kg), 428 kg of water is evaporated, the boiling point can Be raised to 119 ℃ for 118 ℃, 138 kg of crude salt sodium chloride and 225 kg of magnesium sulfate hexahydrate can Be obtained after separation, and the final mother liquor (i.e. the target product) preparation is 0.3-0.35 cubic meter (more than 35 ℃ Be', d is more than or equal to 1.32).
The salt field bittern preparation capable of improving the quality and yield of agricultural products of the invention enriches almost all magnesium chloride, potassium chloride, partial magnesium sulfate, a small amount of residual sodium chloride and all trace elements in seawater, and the calculated enrichment ratio is more than 180 times of that of the original standard seawater.
The application of the bittern preparation for salt pan capable of improving the quality and yield of agricultural products on crops is as follows, 1: 200-400 (volume ratio) diluting with clear water; the pouring root can be diluted by 200-fold and 300-fold; the foliage spray can be diluted by 400 times in 300 times and can be applied to any growth period of plants. The agricultural products are not polluted (because the product is harmless) after the product is immediately harvested after being sprayed.
The crude salt sodium chloride obtained by the invention can be refined to obtain salt products with various specifications. Or linking with salt field, returning the crude salt to salt pan, and re-drying to increase the yield of solarized crude salt.
The magnesium sulfate hexahydrate obtained by the invention can be recrystallized and refined to obtain magnesium sulfate or refined products, and can also be directly used for crop fertilizers (sulfur and magnesium fertilizers).
The sea water is bath soup of crusta after more than forty hundred million years of washing, the sea water contains all stable natural element types of the crusta, and the bittern of the salt pan is a high-concentration substance of the sea water, wherein trace elements with complete types can obviously improve the quality of all agricultural products. The trace elements of agricultural products are complete, various special flavor substances can be shown, and more importantly, the trace element circulation in the nature is continued, so that the enzyme system of people is sound, the immune system of people and livestock is effectively improved, and the probability of diseases of people and livestock is reduced.
The present invention can obtain sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate and other product through simple physical separation without any additional chemical. The final mother liquor, a salt pan bittern preparation capable of improving the quality and yield of agricultural products, is used as a microelement supplement for crops, can effectively improve the quality and yield of agricultural products, and can make full use of the fertilizer efficiency of a chemical fertilizer. The bittern is treated without any waste, and the obtained products are highly concentrated microelement solution, sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate and the like.
By adopting the method, the comprehensive utilization of the bittern in the salt pan can be completely solved, and the preparation obtained by the method, namely the code 'multi-micro-element', is considered by the test report applied by vegetable and flower research institute of Chinese academy of agricultural sciences:
the multi-microelement treatment has obvious influence on the growth and development of vegetables such as tomatoes, melons, Chinese cabbages and the like, so that the growth and development of seedlings and the distribution of photosynthetic dry matters are obviously changed, and the yield and the nutritional quality of the vegetables are obviously improved, and the following conclusion can be preliminarily drawn through the experimental research:
1. the multi-microelement treatment has the effects of promoting the growth of vegetable seedlings and increasing the dry weight of plants, improves the quality of seedlings and is beneficial to the formation of strong seedlings;
2. spraying multivitamin on leaves in vegetative growth period can enhance photosynthetic rate of leaves, especially improve stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2Concentration and the like, thereby increasing the synthesis of dry matters, promoting the vegetative growth of plants to increase the height and the stem thickness of the plants, finally promoting the growth of overground parts and having obvious effect on improving the dry weight and the fresh weight;
3. the yield of vegetables such as Chinese cabbage, cucumber, tomato and the like can be improved by multi-microelement treatment, the action effects of different vegetables have certain difference, and the yield increase rate is about 15%;
4. the multi-microelement treatment also can obviously improve the nutritional quality of fruits such as tomatoes, melons, cucumbers and other fruits, increase the nutritional indexes such as soluble solid, vitamin C, total sugar and the like, has certain difference on different vegetables influenced by trace elements, mainly shows that the content of beneficial trace elements is increased, and the content of harmful heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, mercury and the like is reduced, so that the multi-microelement spraying on the leaf surface has obvious effects on improving the nutritional quality of the fruits and reducing harmful substances.
In conclusion, it can be preliminarily considered that the application of the multi-vitamin treatment technology in agriculture, especially in facility agriculture, has various effects of promoting growth and development, regulating plant photosynthesis and assimilation distribution, improving yield and fruit quality, and the like. However, due to certain differences of results of different vegetables, further tests are needed to verify, the application technology and method of the multi-micro-element are necessary, the action mechanism is specially explored, and the influence of the multi-micro-element on the flavor substances of the vegetables and the fruits is also needed to be determined by the next test and test analysis.
Claims (3)
1. The preparation method of the bittern preparation for the salt pan capable of improving the quality and the yield of agricultural products is characterized by comprising the following steps:
① taking original bittern, which is made of 30 ℃ Be', d =1.263 bittern in salt field;
② concentration and crystallization, wherein 1000 ml of Be' bittern with the temperature of 30 ℃ is taken, concentrated under normal pressure until the boiling point reaches 118-;
③ separating when it is hot, cooling the concentrate to 70 + -5 deg.C, vacuum filtering or centrifuging to obtain 138 g sodium chloride filter cake and hot filtrate, cooling the filtrate for crystallization, and precipitating a large amount of magnesium sulfate hexahydrate crystal MgSO4·6H2O, obtaining normal temperature crystals;
④ performing secondary separation by centrifuging or filtering to obtain MgSO4·6H2225 g of O filter cake, 358 ml of 35-degree Be' filtrate, namely the final mother liquor preparation,d =1.32, about 472 grams.
2. The preparation method of the bittern preparation for the salt pan capable of improving the quality and the yield of agricultural products is characterized by comprising the following steps: the boiling point of the bitter halogen at 30 ℃ per cubic meter is increased to 119 ℃ when 1263 kg of the bitter halogen is weighed and 428 kg of water is evaporated, 138 kg of crude salt sodium chloride and 225 kg of magnesium sulfate hexahydrate can Be obtained after separation, and a final mother liquor preparation, namely a target product, is 0.3-0.35 cubic meter and is more than 35 ℃ Be', and d is more than or equal to 1.32.
3. The application method of the bittern preparation in the salt pan capable of improving the quality and the yield of agricultural products is characterized in that: and applying the obtained final mother liquor preparation on crops according to the volume ratio of 1: diluting with 200-400 clear water; the pouring root can be diluted by 200-fold and 300-fold; the leaf surface spraying can be diluted by 300 times and 400 times, and can be applied to any plant;
leaf vegetables: watering roots once in the seedling stage, and spraying leaf surfaces once in the middle growth stage;
melon and fruit: the method is characterized in that root watering is carried out once in a seedling stage, leaf surface spraying is carried out once in an initial flowering stage, and leaf surface spraying is carried out once in a young fruit stage.
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