CN104761345A - Charcoal-based functional fertilizer capable of preventing cotton continuous cropping disease and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Charcoal-based functional fertilizer capable of preventing cotton continuous cropping disease and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104761345A CN104761345A CN201510125331.2A CN201510125331A CN104761345A CN 104761345 A CN104761345 A CN 104761345A CN 201510125331 A CN201510125331 A CN 201510125331A CN 104761345 A CN104761345 A CN 104761345A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a charcoal-based functional fertilizer capable of preventing cotton continuous cropping disease, which comprises the following components: 95-105 parts of bamboo leaf extract product, 35-46 parts of cordate houttuynia extract product, 45-56 parts of plantago extract product, 35-45 parts of sophora flavescens extract product, 37-47 parts of jasmonic acid, 45-55 parts of salicylic acid and 3700-4150 parts of charcoal. The functional fertilizer is environmentally friendly, has no any pollution and residues, has no side effect, can reduce environment pollution and overcome generation of soil borne disease, is not restricted by continuous cropping plantation, and is benefit for reasonable layout of crops, the continuous cropping-resistant effect is stable after multi-year plantation, fertilization and medication can be carried out at once, labor intensity is reduced, production cost is saved; pesticide application is greatly reduced, crops phytotoxicity and human and animal poisoning are reduced, when booth plantation of vegetable grown in rotation is not carried out, comprehensive effect is obvious, and the functional fertilizer has good continuous cropping prevention effect for cotton.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of charcoal base functional fertilizer, specifically, relate to a kind of charcoal base functional fertilizer of preventing cotton continuous cropping disease and preparation method thereof, belong to agricultural technology field.
Background technology
Some farm crop; as leguminous plants, melon, vegetables, the cash crop such as strawberry and some herbal medicine are planted in same field for years; often there will be blight; leaf blight; virus disease; cause crop yellow, even seedling, the death of even large stretch of plant, seriously affect the raising of yield and quality, this phenomenon is called as continuous cropping obstacle on cultivation.Easily there is yellow blight after cotton continuous cropping plantation, cause output to reduce.
The major cause of continuous cropping obstacle is caused to have the following aspects:
1. the pathogenic micro-organism increasing the weight of to have specificity to endanger to crop, insect and parasitics, association grow breeding.
2. affect the reason of soil, voltinism shape, fertilizer efficiency is reduced;
3. accelerate to consume some nutritive element, form nutrient and partially lose;
4. constantly accumulate some poisonous root exudates in soil, cause self " poisoning " of succession crop etc.
Reaction after Different Crop continuous cropping is different.Generally Gramineae, Cruciferae, the more resistance to continuous cropping of liliaceous crop; The not resistance to continuous cropping of pulse family, composite family, ground family crop.The harm of continuous cropping to deep rooted plant is greater than shallow root crop; Be greater than winter crops to the harm of summer crop, when same field is repeated plantation same crop, the time limit length at interval can be divided into 3 classes 1. to avoid the crop of continuous cropping as required.Same field being planted after 1 year needs interval just can plant for more than 2 years again.As green pepper etc. need every more than 3 years, watermelon, etc. every 5 years, then need need plant again after 10 years.2. the crop of resistance to short-term continuous cropping.Continuous cropping need be planted every 1 ~ 2 year after 1 ~ 2 year again, as beans, tuber crops etc.3. the crop of more resistance to continuous cropping, can continuous cropping 3 ~ 4 years even longer time.As paddy rice, cotton, Cauliflower etc.In cultivated land district more than a year, when same field adopting year after year the multiple cropping continuous cropping of same mode, though have dissimilar crop to substitute plantation in 1 year, but still all harms of continuous cropping can be produced, as impeded drainage, soil physical and chemical property deterioration, disease and pest are on the rise.
At present, for overcoming the evils that continuous cropping causes, the crop of usual implementation (rice field-upland field rotation) or the not resistance to continuous cropping of rotation in Multiple Cropping Rotation, its continuous cropping year number in the period of crop-rotation of the proportion of the crop expanding resistance to continuous cropping in crop rotation or proper extension, also have and adopt the multiple beneficial microorganism in probiotic bacterium stoste to eliminate these germs, and supplement the trace element taken away by crop because of continuous cropping.On the one hand, beneficial microorganism is got rid of harmful levels of pathogens and is contacted with crop, and kills part pathogenic bacterium, secretes some chemical substances being of value to plant simultaneously and promotes plant health growth; On the other hand, the chemical substance of crop root secretion and the cell of partial exfoliation death grow beneficial microorganism and surely grow and have importantly promoter action, and this reciprocal symbiosis relation between beneficial microorganism and crop is the power place overcoming continuous cropping continuous cropping.
Realizing in process of the present invention, contriver finds that prior art at least has the following disadvantages: although carry out crop rotation overcome in the evils that continuous cropping causes respond well, but by the restriction of the factors such as land area, this mode of continuous cropping is difficult to realize, especially, in northern planting vegetable in greenhouse, be difficult to especially realize crop rotation.
In addition, in soil, germ is of a great variety, and under different edaphic condition, microbial growth is subject to the impact of edaphic condition clearly, causes it to suppress the effect of germ unstable, undesirable,
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is for above problem, provides a kind of charcoal base functional fertilizer of preventing cotton continuous cropping disease, overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention seeks to the procreation effectively suppressing harmful levels of pathogens in soil, the generation of prevention soil-borne disease of crop.
Two of object improves crop yield, not by the impact of continuous cropping plantation.
Three of object reduces Pesticide use amount, reduces crop phytotoxicity.
Three of object is for cotton prevention continuous cropping, respond well, stable.
Four of object is to provide the preparation method of the charcoal base functional fertilizer of prevention cotton continuous cropping disease.
Five of object is to provide the using method of the charcoal base functional fertilizer of prevention cotton continuous cropping disease.
For overcoming the above problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of charcoal base functional fertilizer of preventing cotton continuous cropping disease, is characterized in that: effective constituent and the weight proportion of described charcoal base functional fertilizer are:
Folium Bambosae extract 95-105 part, Herba Houttuyniae extract 35-46 part, Herba Plantaginis extract 45-56 part, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 35-45 part, jasmonic 37-47 part, Whitfield's ointment 45-55 part and charcoal 3700-4150 part.
A kind of prioritization scheme, effective constituent and the weight proportion of described charcoal base functional fertilizer are: Folium Bambosae extract 97-102 part, Herba Houttuyniae extract 37-42 part, Herba Plantaginis extract 47-52 part, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 38-42 part, jasmonic 39-42 part, Whitfield's ointment 49-52 part and charcoal 3850-4050 part.
Further, the effective constituent of described charcoal base functional fertilizer and weight proportion are: Folium Bambosae extract 100 parts, Herba Houttuyniae extract 40 parts, Herba Plantaginis extract 50 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 40 parts, jasmonic 42 parts, Whitfield's ointment 50 parts and charcoal 4000 parts.
Based on above charcoal base functional fertilizer, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of charcoal base functional fertilizer, it is characterized in that: described preparation method comprises the following steps:
Get the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, kuh-seng, jasmonic, Whitfield's ointment and charcoal;
In the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, kuh-seng, add organic solvent respectively, then be placed in high-speed superfine pulverizer homogenate respectively, then use ultrasonication cell suspension, cell is sharply shaken and breaks;
Then at 25-30 DEG C, with organic solvent extraction, the extract solution of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, kuh-seng is obtained respectively;
The extract solution of each composition of extraction gained is placed in cryogenic vacuum vaporizer evaporative removal organic solvent respectively, and gains dissolve according to above proportioning Whitfield's ointment, obtain the salicylic acid solution of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract;
The salicylic acid solution of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract is put into jasmonic and charcoal by above proportioning, mixes, obtain anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer.
Based on above charcoal base functional fertilizer, the invention provides a kind of using method of charcoal base functional fertilizer, it is characterized in that: described using method comprises the following steps:
After transplanting, be watered dilution by anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer according to weight ratio 1:4000 and water as normal root water;
Consumption is every strain 0.2 kilogram anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer aqueous solution;
Tendril mid-term, be watered dilution by this anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer according to weight ratio 1:4000 and water as normal root water;
Consumption is every strain 0.2 kilogram anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer aqueous solution.
The present invention adopts above technical scheme, advantage is compared with prior art: (1) adopts natural plant milk extract to be effective constituent, take Whitfield's ointment as solution, be rely on compatibility theory, each effective constituent complements each other, the effective compatibility of each natural component is prevented and the continuous cropping preventing and treating crop, stimulates crop growth.
(2) environmental friendliness, without any pollution with residual, has no side effect, reduces environmental pollution.
(3) overcome the generation of soil-borne disease, not by the restriction of continuous cropping plantation, be beneficial to crop rational deployment, plant for years, anti-continuous cropping effect stability, output is high.
(4) fertilising and medication are once carried out, and reduce labour intensity, save production cost; Can the applications of pesticide be greatly reduced simultaneously, reduce crop phytotoxicity and person poultry poisoning.
(5) at the planting vegetable in greenhouse that cannot carry out crop rotation, net effect is more remarkable, is particularly useful for the anti-continuous cropping better effects if of cotton.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, prevent a charcoal base functional fertilizer for cotton continuous cropping disease, effective constituent and weight proportion are: Folium Bambosae extract 95 parts, Herba Houttuyniae extract 35 parts, Herba Plantaginis extract 45 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 35 parts, jasmonic 37 parts, Whitfield's ointment 45 parts and charcoal 3700 parts.
Embodiment 2, prevent a charcoal base functional fertilizer for cotton continuous cropping disease, effective constituent and weight proportion are: Folium Bambosae extract 97 parts, Herba Houttuyniae extract 37 parts, Herba Plantaginis extract 47 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 36 parts, jasmonic 39 parts, Whitfield's ointment 47 parts and charcoal 3800 parts.
Embodiment 3, prevent a charcoal base functional fertilizer for cotton continuous cropping disease, effective constituent and weight proportion are: Folium Bambosae extract 99 parts, Herba Houttuyniae extract 39 parts, Herba Plantaginis extract 49 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 38 parts, jasmonic 40 parts, Whitfield's ointment 49 parts and charcoal 3850 parts.
Embodiment 4, prevent a charcoal base functional fertilizer for cotton continuous cropping disease, effective constituent and weight proportion are: Folium Bambosae extract 100 parts, Herba Houttuyniae extract 40 parts, Herba Plantaginis extract 50 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 40 parts, jasmonic 42 parts, Whitfield's ointment 50 parts and charcoal 4000 parts.
Embodiment 5, prevent a charcoal base functional fertilizer for cotton continuous cropping disease, effective constituent and weight proportion are: Folium Bambosae extract 102 parts, Herba Houttuyniae extract 42 parts, Herba Plantaginis extract 52 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 42 parts, jasmonic 44 parts, Whitfield's ointment 52 parts and charcoal 4050 parts.
Embodiment 6, prevent a charcoal base functional fertilizer for cotton continuous cropping disease, effective constituent and weight proportion are: Folium Bambosae extract 104 parts, Herba Houttuyniae extract 44 parts, Herba Plantaginis extract 54 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 44 parts, jasmonic 45 parts, Whitfield's ointment 54 parts and charcoal 4100 parts.
Embodiment 7, prevent a charcoal base functional fertilizer for cotton continuous cropping disease, effective constituent and weight proportion are: Folium Bambosae extract 105 parts, Herba Houttuyniae extract 46 parts, Herba Plantaginis extract 56 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 45 parts, jasmonic 47 parts, Whitfield's ointment 55 parts and charcoal 4150 parts.
Based on the charcoal base functional fertilizer of above prevention cotton continuous cropping disease, the preparation method of this fertilizer comprises the following steps:
Get above raw material;
In the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, kuh-seng, add organic solvent respectively, then be placed in high-speed superfine pulverizer homogenate respectively, then use ultrasonication cell suspension, cell is sharply shaken and breaks;
Then at 25-30 DEG C, with organic solvent extraction, the extract solution of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, kuh-seng is obtained respectively;
The extract solution of each composition of extraction gained is placed in cryogenic vacuum vaporizer evaporative removal organic solvent respectively, and gains dissolve according to above proportioning Whitfield's ointment, obtain the salicylic acid solution of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract;
The salicylic acid solution of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract is put into jasmonic and charcoal by above proportioning, mixes, obtain anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer.
Concrete using method:
The mat woven of fine bamboo strips one step: be watered dilution by this anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer according to weight ratio 1:4000 after transplanting and water as normal root water;
Consumption is every strain 0.2 kilogram anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer aqueous solution;
Second step: tendril mid-term is again watered dilution by this anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer according to weight ratio 1:4000 and waters as normal root water;
Consumption is every strain 0.2 kilogram anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer aqueous solution.
The fertilizer of above 7 embodiments is used for the test of cotton prevention continuous cropping.
The test of prevention cotton (yellow withered).
This test is carried out in the withered normal Cotton Fields sent out of town, ocean, Qianjiang City of Hubei Province Huang, and this area's cotton yellow is withered relatively more serious, 2012-2014 years time.
1, test adopts anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer and space management, and except above processing mode difference, all the other carry out according to identical way to manage, and often kind of processing mode arranges 24 test sites respectively, and the area of each community is respectively 50m
2, plant 125 strains/community, the fertilizer of space management, 7 embodiments arranges 3 test sites, community random alignment respectively, and investigation diseased plant quantity and output, get its mean value.
2, concrete test method
(1) anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer is used:
The mat woven of fine bamboo strips one step: be watered dilution as the pouring of normal root water by the charcoal base functional fertilizer of this anti-continuous cropping disease according to weight ratio 1:4000 after transplanting, consumption is that every strain 0.2 kg of solution fills with root;
Second step: growth is watered dilution as the pouring of normal root water by the charcoal base functional fertilizer of this anti-continuous cropping disease according to weight ratio 1:4000 mid-term again, and consumption is that every strain 0.2 kg of solution fills with root;
(2) blank (do not use anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer, use the common fertilizer of equal nutrient content) process.
Investigation diseased plant situation sees the following form:
| Blank | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Embodiment 6 | Embodiment 7 |
| 27 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 5 |
Investigation output condition following (kg/ community):
| Blank | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Embodiment 6 | Embodiment 7 |
| 31.9 | 34.3 | 34.5 | 34.7 | 34.9 | 34.8 | 34.5 | 34.4 |
As can be seen from the above table, after the anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer process using the present invention to prepare planting season, diseased plant significantly reduces, and plant strain growth is vigorous, has good preventive effect, and output of cotton increases 7.69%-9.52%.
Above each department also once adopt the continuous cropping of Antimicrobial crop sick, but effect is undesirable, adopt the anti-continuous cropping effect of charcoal base functional fertilizer to be on average 2 times that adopt the anti-continuous cropping effect of microorganism.
From the preventive effect of various crop, the charcoal base functional fertilizer effect of different ratio has different, but all has good effect; From each case study on implementation, also have different between various case study on implementation, but all have good effect, best with the net effect of embodiment 4, diseased plant is few, and output is high.
Bestow favour in Xinjiang agriculture five teacher, Hubei Province, Hubei Wuhan City peace, the ground such as Baoying County of Jiangsu Province and Shouguang, Shandong also carried out the test that cotton applies gained of the present invention anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer, achieve significant effect.
The anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer of above component and proportioning also can be applied to tobacco, cucumber, tomato, the continuous cropping problem of the crops such as watermelon and ginger dish, has good result, from preventive effect, be applied to the anti-continuous cropping of cotton best through test.
The above is the citing of best mode for carrying out the invention, and the part wherein do not addressed in detail is the common practise of those of ordinary skill in the art.Protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with the content of claim, and any equivalent transformation carried out based on technology enlightenment of the present invention, also within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. prevent a charcoal base functional fertilizer for cotton continuous cropping disease, it is characterized in that: effective constituent and the weight proportion of described charcoal base functional fertilizer are:
Folium Bambosae extract 95-105 part, Herba Houttuyniae extract 35-46 part, Herba Plantaginis extract 45-56 part, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 35-45 part, jasmonic 37-47 part, Whitfield's ointment 45-55 part and charcoal 3700-4150 part.
2. charcoal base functional fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: effective constituent and the weight proportion of described charcoal base functional fertilizer are: Folium Bambosae extract 97-102 part, Herba Houttuyniae extract 37-42 part, Herba Plantaginis extract 47-52 part, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 38-42 part, jasmonic 39-42 part, Whitfield's ointment 49-52 part and charcoal 3850-4050 part.
3. charcoal base functional fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: effective constituent and the weight proportion of described charcoal base functional fertilizer are: Folium Bambosae extract 100 parts, Herba Houttuyniae extract 40 parts, Herba Plantaginis extract 50 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 40 parts, jasmonic 42 parts, Whitfield's ointment 50 parts and charcoal 4000 parts.
4. the preparation method of charcoal base functional fertilizer as described in claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that: described preparation method comprises the following steps:
Get the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, kuh-seng, jasmonic, Whitfield's ointment and charcoal;
In the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, kuh-seng, add organic solvent respectively, then be placed in high-speed superfine pulverizer homogenate respectively, then use ultrasonication cell suspension, cell is sharply shaken and breaks;
Then at 25-30 DEG C, with organic solvent extraction, the extract solution of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, kuh-seng is obtained respectively;
The extract solution of each composition of extraction gained is placed in cryogenic vacuum vaporizer evaporative removal organic solvent respectively, and gains dissolve according to above proportioning Whitfield's ointment, obtain the salicylic acid solution of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract;
The salicylic acid solution of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract is put into jasmonic and charcoal by above proportioning, mixes, obtain anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer.
5. the using method of charcoal base functional fertilizer as described in claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that: described using method comprises the following steps:
After transplanting, be watered dilution by anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer according to weight ratio 1:4000 and water as normal root water;
Consumption is every strain 0.2 kilogram anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer aqueous solution;
Tendril mid-term, be watered dilution by this anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer according to weight ratio 1:4000 and water as normal root water;
Consumption is every strain 0.2 kilogram anti-continuous cropping charcoal base functional fertilizer aqueous solution.
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| CN201510125331.2A CN104761345A (en) | 2015-03-23 | 2015-03-23 | Charcoal-based functional fertilizer capable of preventing cotton continuous cropping disease and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (4)
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| CN1847200A (en) * | 2006-04-26 | 2006-10-18 | 张洪昌 | Pollution-less pesticide fertilizer for preventing and controlling blight and its production process |
| CN103109876A (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2013-05-22 | 孟庆华 | Compound Chinese herbal medicament preparation for controlling cotton verticillium wilt and production method thereof |
| CN103396171A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-11-20 | 上海交通大学 | Environmentally friendly biochar-based fertilizer and application method thereof |
| CN104163734A (en) * | 2014-08-30 | 2014-11-26 | 河南益禾利科农业科技有限公司 | Chinese herbal medicine-containing ecological carbon fertilizer for crops and preparation method of ecological carbon fertilizer |
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2015
- 2015-03-23 CN CN201510125331.2A patent/CN104761345A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1847200A (en) * | 2006-04-26 | 2006-10-18 | 张洪昌 | Pollution-less pesticide fertilizer for preventing and controlling blight and its production process |
| CN103109876A (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2013-05-22 | 孟庆华 | Compound Chinese herbal medicament preparation for controlling cotton verticillium wilt and production method thereof |
| CN103396171A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-11-20 | 上海交通大学 | Environmentally friendly biochar-based fertilizer and application method thereof |
| CN104163734A (en) * | 2014-08-30 | 2014-11-26 | 河南益禾利科农业科技有限公司 | Chinese herbal medicine-containing ecological carbon fertilizer for crops and preparation method of ecological carbon fertilizer |
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Effective date of registration: 20160902 Address after: 262700 Lingang Industrial Park, Shouguang City, Shandong, Weifang Applicant after: DAIWEI ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. Address before: 262700, Shandong, Weifang Province, Shouguang City, No. 1377 St. Applicant before: Daiwei Agricultural Science & Technology Development Limited Liability Company |
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