CN104163734A - Chinese herbal medicine-containing ecological carbon fertilizer for crops and preparation method of ecological carbon fertilizer - Google Patents
Chinese herbal medicine-containing ecological carbon fertilizer for crops and preparation method of ecological carbon fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104163734A CN104163734A CN201410434855.5A CN201410434855A CN104163734A CN 104163734 A CN104163734 A CN 104163734A CN 201410434855 A CN201410434855 A CN 201410434855A CN 104163734 A CN104163734 A CN 104163734A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a Chinese herbal medicine-containing ecological carbon fertilizer for crops and a preparation method of the ecological carbon fertilizer. The ecological carbon fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials: biomass charcoal with the granularity of 20-60 meshes, wood vinegar, rhizoma picrorhizae, houttuynia cordata, rheum officinale, mint, liquorice, folium sennae and plantain herb. The Chinese herbal medicine-containing ecological carbon fertilizer for crops is pure natural, zero in waste and environmental friendly, is capable of obviously improving drug resistance of crop soil-borne diseases and is easy for industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural planting technique field, be specifically related to a kind of crop that contains herbal medicine ecological carbon fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Agricultural biomass charcoal is a kind of effectively soil improvement agent; Biomass charcoal can improve soil organic carbon, improves soil water-retaining, fertilizer conservation performance, reduces nutrient loss, is of value to that soil microorganisms perches and movable, is the good selection of soil improvement agent.
Nematodiasiss is serious, rise to one of soil-borne disease Major Diseases, endanger huge, existing effective nematode killing agent iron goes out gram, plant-sourced nematode killing agent, Avrmectin kill line successful, but uses in a large number, and not only drug effect reduces, residual increasing the weight of, also cause soil micro-ecosystem unbalance of structure, soil health index decreased, can not fundamentally solve oxyuriasis problem.
The combination of biomass charcoal and plant-sourced Chinese herbal medicine extract, provides new approaches for fundamentally preventing and treating oxyuriasis.The line effect of killing of the soil remediation improvement+Extracts from Plant Recourses of biomass charcoal, complementarity and mutual benefit, not only can prevent and treat oxyuriasis, and can also, by improving drug effect, increase soil micro-ecosystem diversity, maintains soil ecology balance, rehabilitating soil health.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of crop ecological carbon fertilizer, this ecological carbon fertile pure natural, zero rubbish, environmental friendliness, significantly improve soil-borne disease of crop disease resistance, be easy to suitability for industrialized production.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of crop that contains herbal medicine ecological carbon fertilizer, made by the raw material of following weight part: granularity is 20～60 object biomass charcoals 60～100, wood vinegar 5～20, Rhizoma Picrorhizae 1～5, Herba Houttuyniae 1～5, rheum officinale 1～3, peppermint 1～5, Radix Glycyrrhizae 1～10, sennae 0.5～3.5 and psyllium 1～3.
The crop that contains herbal medicine ecological carbon fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight part: granularity is 20～60 object biomass charcoals 80～95, wood vinegar 5～15, Rhizoma Picrorhizae 2～4, Herba Houttuyniae 1～3, rheum officinale 1～2, peppermint 1～2, Radix Glycyrrhizae 3～5, sennae 1～2 and psyllium 1～2.
In described wood vinegar, the content of wood vinegar is 50.1～50.6wt%, and the pH value of wood vinegar is 5.2～5.8.
The above-mentioned crop that contains herbal medicine is made up of following steps by the preparation method of ecological carbon fertilizer:
(1) pre-treatment of herbal medicine: a. first by the removal of impurities respectively of Rhizoma Picrorhizae, Herba Houttuyniae, rheum officinale, peppermint, Radix Glycyrrhizae and sennae, dry post-treatment in flakes with joint, the dry stir-fry of then cooking, dry 45～50 DEG C of the temperature of frying, dry 45～55 minutes stir-fry time; B. by psyllium removal of impurities, dry, be processed into after joint, to adding in psyllium and the fermentation rice wine of the quality such as psyllium, the dry stir-fry of cooking after drying, dry 40～50 DEG C of the temperature of frying, dry 25～35 minutes stir-fry time; Rhizoma Picrorhizae, Herba Houttuyniae, rheum officinale, peppermint, Radix Glycyrrhizae, sennae and the psyllium of c. step a and step b being concocted are ground into 80～160 order fine powders with ball mill respectively, mix for subsequent use;
(2) preparation of biomass charcoal: collect Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, air-dry or airing makes its water content≤13wt%, then puts into 460～550 DEG C of charring furnaces and carries out charing, obtains biological black wood charcoal and mixed gas; Separating and obtain wood vinegar by condensing works after mixed gas dedusting; Biological black wood charcoal is ground, and sieving and obtaining grain graininess is 20～60 object biomass charcoals;
(3) fine powder according to above-mentioned formula, step (1) being obtained, the biomass charcoal that step (2) obtains and wood vinegar mix and obtain product.
Described charring furnace is pond formula limit oxygen thermo-cracking charring furnace.
compared with prior art: advantage of the present invention is:
(1) raw material comes from plant itself, adds without any chemistry of pesticide composition, environmentally friendly, Eco-friendly fertilizer;
(2) raise the length of fertilizer, organic content is high, exists form simple, easily absorbs and decomposes, and increases soil fertility; Keep away the short of plant-sourced nematode killing agent, improve drug effect more than 50%, reduce plant-sourced nematode killing agent amount of application 30%, can be mixed with any fertilizer;
(3) multiple functional: not only to have significant increasing of quality and production effect, control crop oxyuriasis is had to unusual effect;
(4) clean health: go through high temperature and more than 300 DEG C sterilize, the course of processing is without pathogen contamination, without the disease and pest body of surviving the winter, farmland is used more relieved;
(5) production technique for fertilizer is simple and practical, at the bottom of production cost, is convenient to industrialization.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described, but do not limit content of the present invention.
The standard of drying or drying that relates to material to descend to the mortal world is the water ratio≤13wt% that makes material.
embodiment 1
The crop that contains a herbal medicine ecological carbon fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight part: granularity is 20～60 object biomass charcoals 60～100, wood vinegar 5～20, Rhizoma Picrorhizae 1～5, Herba Houttuyniae 1～5, rheum officinale 1～3, peppermint 1～5, Radix Glycyrrhizae 1～10, sennae 0.5～3.5 and psyllium 1～3.
The above-mentioned crop that contains herbal medicine is made up of following steps by the preparation method of ecological carbon fertilizer:
(1) pre-treatment of herbal medicine: a. first by the removal of impurities respectively of Rhizoma Picrorhizae, Herba Houttuyniae, rheum officinale, peppermint, Radix Glycyrrhizae and sennae, dry post-treatment in flakes with joint, the dry stir-fry of then cooking, dry 45～50 DEG C of the temperature of frying, dry 45～55 minutes stir-fry time; B. by psyllium removal of impurities, dry, be processed into after joint, to adding in psyllium and the fermentation rice wine of the quality such as psyllium, the dry stir-fry of cooking after drying, dry 40～50 DEG C of the temperature of frying, dry 25～35 minutes stir-fry time; Rhizoma Picrorhizae, Herba Houttuyniae, rheum officinale, peppermint, Radix Glycyrrhizae, sennae and the psyllium of c. step a and step b being concocted are ground into 80～160 order fine powders with ball mill respectively, mix for subsequent use;
(2) preparation of biomass charcoal: collect Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, air-dry or airing makes its water content≤13wt%, then puts into 460～550 DEG C of charring furnaces and carries out charing, obtains biological black wood charcoal and mixed gas; Separating and obtain wood vinegar by condensing works after mixed gas dedusting; Biological black wood charcoal is ground, and sieving and obtaining grain graininess is 20～60 object biomass charcoals;
(3) fine powder according to above-mentioned formula, step (1) being obtained, the biomass charcoal that step (2) obtains and wood vinegar mix and obtain product.
embodiment 2
The crop that contains a herbal medicine ecological carbon fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight part: granularity is 20～60 object biomass charcoals 80, wood vinegar 10, Rhizoma Picrorhizae 2, Herba Houttuyniae 3, rheum officinale 1, peppermint 4, Radix Glycyrrhizae 5, sennae 2 and psyllium 2.
The preparation method of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.
embodiment 3
The crop that contains a herbal medicine ecological carbon fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight part: granularity is 20～60 object biomass charcoals 70, wood vinegar 15, Rhizoma Picrorhizae 5, Herba Houttuyniae 4, rheum officinale 2, peppermint 3, Radix Glycyrrhizae 8, sennae 1 and psyllium 3.
The preparation method of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.
embodiment 4
The crop that contains a herbal medicine ecological carbon fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight part: granularity is 20～60 object biomass charcoals 90, wood vinegar 20, Rhizoma Picrorhizae 3, Herba Houttuyniae 5, rheum officinale 2.5, peppermint 1, Radix Glycyrrhizae 4, sennae 3.5 and psyllium 1.
The preparation method of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.
embodiment 5
The crop that contains a herbal medicine ecological carbon fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight part: granularity is 20～60 object biomass charcoals 60, wood vinegar 15, Rhizoma Picrorhizae 1, Herba Houttuyniae 3, rheum officinale 3, peppermint 5, Radix Glycyrrhizae 10, sennae 2 and psyllium 2.5.
The preparation method of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.
embodiment 6
The crop that contains a herbal medicine ecological carbon fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight part: granularity is 20～60 object biomass charcoals 75, wood vinegar 18, Rhizoma Picrorhizae 3.5, Herba Houttuyniae 5, rheum officinale 2, peppermint 4, Radix Glycyrrhizae 9, sennae 1 and psyllium 2.
The preparation method of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.
embodiment 7
The crop that contains a herbal medicine ecological carbon fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight part: granularity is 20～60 object biomass charcoals 85, wood vinegar 20, Rhizoma Picrorhizae 5, Herba Houttuyniae 2, rheum officinale 1.5, peppermint 1, Radix Glycyrrhizae 6.5, sennae 3 and psyllium 1.5.
The preparation method of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.
embodiment 8
The crop that contains a herbal medicine ecological carbon fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight part: granularity is 20～60 object biomass charcoals 65, wood vinegar 5, Rhizoma Picrorhizae 1, Herba Houttuyniae 2.5, rheum officinale 1.5, peppermint 3, Radix Glycyrrhizae 4.5, sennae 0.5 and psyllium 1.
The preparation method of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.
embodiment 9
The crop that contains a herbal medicine ecological carbon fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight part: granularity is 20～60 object biomass charcoals 95, wood vinegar 16, Rhizoma Picrorhizae 1.5, Herba Houttuyniae 1.5, rheum officinale 2.5, peppermint 1, Radix Glycyrrhizae 1, sennae 3.5 and psyllium 3.
The preparation method of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.
embodiment 10
The crop that contains a herbal medicine ecological carbon fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight part: granularity is 20～60 object biomass charcoals 100, wood vinegar 20, Rhizoma Picrorhizae 5, Herba Houttuyniae 4, rheum officinale 2, peppermint 4.5, Radix Glycyrrhizae 2, sennae 1 and psyllium 3.
The preparation method of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.
test example
one, test basic condition
2013 in Zhang Yuan township, Yiyang County, Luoyang City root knot nematode disease historical morbidity grave illness field (continuous cropping 4 years).Be Zhongyan-100 for examination tobacco bred.Reagent agent is embodiment 2～10(Henan agricultural science and technology company limited of Yi Heli section), application dosage 150 kg/hm
2, disposable spreading manuer in holes when transplanting; Plot experiment repeats for 4 times, and every repetition 200 strains, arrange without drug treating and contrast.Cultivation management carries out routinely, and duration of test is no longer used for any medicament outside reagent thing.
two, survey content and method
30d after tobacco transplant (oxyuriasis their early stage), 90d (oxyuriasis morbidity Sheng phase), the latter stage of gathering are investigated tobacco root-knot, and a situation arises.Each duplication 100 strains, carry out classification according to GB/T23222-2008, and calculate disease index and prevention effect.
three, collecting soil sample and analysis
In early September, 2013, adopts 5 samplings in each test plot, and soil sample is taken from the topsoil soil that 0-20cm is dark, follows the principle of " random, equivalent, multiple spot mix ", totally 4 parts of Duplicate Samples when sampling.Part soil sample packs aseptic paper bag into, take back immediately laboratory, grinds 0.9mm(20 order) after sieve in 4 DEG C of Refrigerator stores, for the analysis of soil microorganisms; Another part soil sample air-dry, for for measuring soil enzyme activities.Soil bacteria, fungi, actinomycetic counting adopt dilution to smear flat band method, and 3 repetitions are established in test.Soil saccharase, amylase, cellulase activity are measured and are adopted 3,5 dinitrosalicylic Acid Colorimetries, and 3 repetitions are established in test.
four, interpretation of result
The crop that the application contains herbal medicine prevents and treats result with ecological carbon fertilizer to oxyuriasis
With the embodiment of the present application 2～10 sample preparation, select blank, investigate contain herbal medicine crop ecological carbon fertilizer oxyuriasis is prevented and treated; Carry out in Yiyang, Luoyang tobacco root-knot control test point, after chemicals treatment, incidence is managed in 30d, 90d investigation everywhere respectively, gathering uproots latter stage investigates eelworm harm situation, calculate preventive effect according to root knot exponential sum disease index, root knot nematode disease is prevented and treated to test-results to different treatment and test of significance the results are shown in Table 1
* note: difference analysis result be embodiment (2-10) all compared with the control
Use after the application's ecological carbon fertilizer, 30d, 90d, gather latter stage, to soil nematodes preventive effect, respectively at 70.90%-80.53%, 71.19%-84.61%, 72.25%-84.82%, effect significantly and lasting, be stabilized in more than 70%, can bring into play good drug effect and fertilizer efficiency in whole period.
To root rot, control the results are shown in Table 2 to different treatment:
Gathering, latter stage, investigation showed to Tobacco Root maize ear rot, and all processing have all reduced the disease index of Tobacco Root maize ear rot, and preventive effect at 63.11%-70.96%, illustrates and uses the application's ecological carbon fertilizer in killing nematode, Tobacco Root maize ear rot is also had to relatively good effect.
Different treatment on the impact of microbial populations in soil quantity in table 3:
* note: difference analysis result be embodiment (2-10) all compared with the control
The fertile soil bacteria quantity 25.42%-55.88% that increases of the application's ecological carbon, has obvious activation to soil bacteria, all reaches utmost point conspicuous level; The inhibiting rate of soil fungi is 26.54%-44.59%, reaches utmost point conspicuous level; Soil actinomycete quantity has improved 9.34%-64.04%, to Population of Actinomycetes play activation compared with the control difference reach utmost point conspicuous level; Result shows, uses the application's ecological carbon fertilizer, can rehabilitating soil health, rise to species diversity, and maintain soil micro-ecosystem balance.
Different treatment on the impact of soil enzyme activities in table 4
* note: difference analysis result be embodiment (2-10) all compared with the control
Sucrase is a kind of lytic enzyme, gains the name according to its enzymatic matrix-sucrose, is again saccharase or β-fructofuranosidase.Glucose and fructose that it can become can be absorbed by plants and soil microorganism high molecular sucrose decomposition in soil, play an important role to increasing processable nutritive substance in soil.Studies have shown that, the many factors of sucrase and soil have dependency, and such as SOIL ORGANIC NITROGEN, phosphorus content, microbe population and intensity of soil respiration are relevant.Generally, soil fertility is higher, and sucrase active is stronger.It can characterize Soil fertility intensity, also can be used as an index evaluating soil-ripening degree and soil fertility level.The fertile soil invertase activity contrast of processing of ecological carbon increases 38.70%-63.85%.
Amylase is the amylolytic class of enzymes of catalysis, is prevalent in animal and plant body, and it participates in the metabolic process of the soil organism directly.Result shows, compared with the control, the application's ecological carbon fertilizer has strong activation to amylase activity, and amylase activity improves respectively 15.69%-43.47%, all reaches utmost point conspicuous level.
D-1 in soil xylanase energy enzymatic Mierocrystalline cellulose, 4-dextran key is hydrolyzed into the glucose of two molecules, for soil microorganisms metabolism provides nutrition, improves soil microbe quantity and diversity.The enhancing of soil microbial activities also becomes positive correlation with its activity.Have table 4 to draw, the fertile activity of soil xylanase of processing of ecological carbon has improved 11.11%-50.00%, reaches utmost point significant difference.
Claims (5)
1. a crop ecological carbon fertilizer that contains herbal medicine, is characterized in that being made up of the raw material of following weight part: granularity is 20～60 object biomass charcoals 60～100, wood vinegar 5～20, Rhizoma Picrorhizae 1～5, Herba Houttuyniae 1～5, rheum officinale 1～3, peppermint 1～5, Radix Glycyrrhizae 1～10, sennae 0.5～3.5 and psyllium 1～3.
2. the crop ecological carbon fertilizer that contains according to claim 1 herbal medicine, is characterized in that being made up of the raw material of following weight part: granularity is 20～60 object biomass charcoals 80～95, wood vinegar 5～15, Rhizoma Picrorhizae 2～4, Herba Houttuyniae 1～3, rheum officinale 1～2, peppermint 1～2, Radix Glycyrrhizae 3～5, sennae 1～2 and psyllium 1～2.
3. the crop ecological carbon fertilizer that contains according to claim 1 herbal medicine, is characterized in that: in described wood vinegar, the content of wood vinegar is 50.1～50.6wt%, and the pH value of wood vinegar is 5.2～5.8.
4. the preparation method who contains according to claim 1 the crop ecological carbon fertilizer of herbal medicine, is characterized in that being made up of following steps:
(1) pre-treatment of herbal medicine: a. first by the removal of impurities respectively of Rhizoma Picrorhizae, Herba Houttuyniae, rheum officinale, peppermint, Radix Glycyrrhizae and sennae, dry post-treatment in flakes with joint, the dry stir-fry of then cooking, dry 45～50 DEG C of the temperature of frying, dry 45～55 minutes stir-fry time; B. by psyllium removal of impurities, dry, be processed into after joint, to adding in psyllium and the fermentation rice wine of the quality such as psyllium, the dry stir-fry of cooking after drying, dry 40～50 DEG C of the temperature of frying, dry 25～35 minutes stir-fry time; Rhizoma Picrorhizae, Herba Houttuyniae, rheum officinale, peppermint, Radix Glycyrrhizae, sennae and the psyllium of c. step a and step b being concocted are ground into 80～160 order fine powders with ball mill respectively, mix for subsequent use;
(2) preparation of biomass charcoal: collect Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, air-dry or airing makes its water content≤13wt%, then puts into 460～550 DEG C of charring furnaces and carries out charing, obtains biological black wood charcoal and mixed gas; Separating and obtain wood vinegar by condensing works after mixed gas dedusting; Biological black wood charcoal is ground, and sieving and obtaining grain graininess is 20～60 object biomass charcoals;
(3) fine powder according to above-mentioned formula, step (1) being obtained, the biomass charcoal that step (2) obtains and wood vinegar mix and obtain product.
5. the preparation method of ecological carbon fertilizer for the crop that contains herbal medicine according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described charring furnace is pond formula limit oxygen thermo-cracking charring furnace.
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