CN104755190A - 扁平管制造方法 - Google Patents

扁平管制造方法 Download PDF

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CN104755190A
CN104755190A CN201380056730.7A CN201380056730A CN104755190A CN 104755190 A CN104755190 A CN 104755190A CN 201380056730 A CN201380056730 A CN 201380056730A CN 104755190 A CN104755190 A CN 104755190A
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flat tube
thin plate
aforementioned
shape
flat pipe
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石森崇
冈野雅行
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Hino Motors Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/02Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers
    • B21D53/08Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers of both metal tubes and sheet metal
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/16Folding; Pleating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D28/00Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
    • B21D28/02Punching blanks or articles with or without obtaining scrap; Notching
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D35/00Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/001Shaping combined with punching, e.g. stamping and perforating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D35/00Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/002Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/01Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves between rams and anvils or abutments
    • B21D5/015Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves between rams and anvils or abutments for making tubes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/02Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers
    • B21D53/04Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers of sheet metal
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/02Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers
    • B21D53/06Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers of metal tubes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/20Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed
    • B26D5/30Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed having the cutting member controlled by scanning a record carrier
    • B26D5/34Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed having the cutting member controlled by scanning a record carrier scanning being effected by a photosensitive device
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F1/025Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with variable shape, e.g. with modified tube ends, with different geometrical features
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F1/424Means comprising outside portions integral with inside portions
    • F28F1/426Means comprising outside portions integral with inside portions the outside portions and the inside portions forming parts of complementary shape, e.g. concave and convex
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F2001/027Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with dimples
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F2001/428Particular methods for manufacturing outside or inside fins
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2255/00Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
    • F28F2255/08Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes pressed; stamped; deep-drawn

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及制造在内外表面具备凹凸形状的扁平管(1)的方法,在金属制的薄板(2)上开出扁平管(1)的展开形状的缺口,并且在开出该缺口之际,预先保留前述扁平管(1)的展开形状的宽度方向的中间部(4)(中段部)与前述薄板(2)接合,在前述扁平管(1)的展开形状的范围内加工出凹凸形状后,从前述薄板(2)上隔着前述未切除的中间部(4)将前述扁平管(1)的展开形状切起,使该切起片(8)的顶端部彼此闭合,将整体作为扁平管(1)进行成形,从前述薄板(2)上切下前述未切除的中间部(4)而得到扁平管(1)。

Description

扁平管制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及扁平管制造方法。
背景技术
例如,在壳管型的热交換器等中,用外壳包着多根导热管,使在导热管内流动的一次介质与在外壳内流动的二次介质热交換,但作为下述的专利文献1及专利文献2等已提出了使前述导热管的外周面一侧下凹成螺旋槽,作为翻转形状,在内周面一侧形成螺旋突起,使在导热管内流动的一次介质为旋回流,增加该一次介质相对于导热管内周面的接触频率或接触距离,提高热交換效率的方案。
另一方面,在这种将多根导热管平行排列地收容在外壳内的构造中,由于每单位体积的交換热量小,所以热交換器的整体构造增大,存在向机器类上的搭载性差的问题,所以如在图1中表示的一例那样,开始研究形成使多根圆管相互接近地以平面状排列、并且将其相互之间的接近部位作为连通部连接的形状的扁平管a,在该扁平管a的相当于前述圆管的圆管部b的内周面上沿着与该圆管部b的中心轴O同心的螺旋轨道形成旋回流形成突起c,能够在前述各圆管部b另外形成介质d的旋回流的结构(日本国特愿2011-220778号)。
专利文献1:日本国特开2000-345925号公报,
专利文献2:日本国特开2001-254649号公报。
但是,并不仅限于前述图1的扁平管a,在制造在内外表面具备凹凸形状的扁平管a时,难以不压扁其凹凸形状或者不使其歪斜地成形出扁平管a,若要可靠地制造出这种扁平管a,则一般是分别另外制造将该扁平管a一分为二成上下两半状的部分并进行接合的方法,但在这种方法中,由于在扁平管a的宽度方向两侧形成了两个接缝部分,必须分别通过焊接等对双方的接缝部分进行接合,所以担心导致制造成本的高涨。
发明内容
本发明是鉴于上述的实情而提出的,其目的在于提供一种能够比以往削减制造成本的扁平管制造方法。
本发明的扁平管制造方法是制造在内外表面具备凹凸形状的扁平管的方法,其特征在于,在金属制的薄板上开出扁平管的展开形状的缺口,并且在开出该缺口之际,预先保留前述扁平管的展开形状的宽度方向的中段部与前述薄板接合,在前述扁平管的展开形状的范围内加工出凹凸形状后,从前述薄板上隔着前述未切除的中段部将前述扁平管的展开形状切起,使该切起片的顶端部彼此闭合,将整体作为扁平管进行成形,从前述薄板上切下前述未切除的中段部而得到扁平管。
这样一来,由于切起片的顶端部同士的闭合部分仅成为一个接缝部分,所以与分别另外制造将扁平管一分为二成上下两半状的形状的部分并分别对其宽度方向两侧的两个接缝部分进行接合的以往的方法相比,接缝部分减半,明显节省了对该接缝部分进行接合的工时,而且,能够在整体作为扁平管被成形之前保持局部与薄板接合地与该薄板一同通过生产线作业阶段推进地进行制造工序,谋求了制造工序的高效化。
此外,在本发明中,既可以在将未切除的中段部从薄板上切下之前,对切起片的顶端部彼此的闭合部分进行接合,也可以在将未切除的中段部从薄板上切下之后,对切起片的顶端部彼此的闭合部分进行接合。
根据上述的本发明的扁平管制造方法,能够将必须进行接合的接缝部分集约成一个,明显节省了对该接缝部分进行接合的工时,而且,由于能够一边移动薄板一边通过生产线作业阶段推进地进行制造工序,谋求制造工序的高效化,所以与分别另外制造将扁平管一分为二成上下两半状的形状的部分并且分别对其宽度方向两侧的两个接缝部分进行接合的以往方法相比,能够得到可大幅度削减制造成本的优良的效果。
附图说明
图1是表示在内外表面具备凹凸形状的扁平管的一例的立体图;
图2是示意表示本发明的一实施例中的第一工序的立体图;
图3是示意表示本发明的一实施例中的第二工序的立体图;
图4是示意表示本发明的一实施例中的第三工序的立体图;
图5是示意表示本发明的一实施例中的第四工序的立体图;
图6是示意表示本发明的一实施例中的第五工序的立体图;
图7是示意表示本发明的一实施例中的第六工序的立体图。
附图标记说明:
1:扁平管,2:薄板,3:缺口,4:中间部(中段部),5:凹凸形状,8:切起片。
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图对本发明的实施方式进行说明。
图2~图7示意表示实施本发明的方式的一例中制造在内外表面具备凹凸形状的扁平管1的行程。另外,虽然扁平管1在表示最终工序的图7中首次图示,但为了便于说明,参照图7,从开始的说明起即赋予附图标记进行说明。
图2表示本实施例中的扁平管制造方法的第一工序,在该第一工序中,从金属制的薄板2上冲裁出扁平管1(参照图7)的展开形状,在前述薄板2上开出该展开形状的缺口3,但在开出该缺口3之际,预先保留前述扁平管1的展开形状的宽度方向(图2中的左右方向:薄板2的长度方向)的中间部4(中段部)与前述薄板2接合。
在此,前述薄板2的金属材料例如能够采用包括不锈钢的钢铁材料,铝、铜、钛那样的非鉄金属材料,镍、钴、钼那样的耐热金属材料,铅、锡那样的低熔点金属材料,金、银、铂那样的貴金属材料及其合金。
图3表示本实施例中的扁平管制造方法的第二工序,在该第二工序中,在前述扁平管1的展开形状的范围(由缺口3包围的范围)内,通过压力加工在内外表面上加工出凹凸形状5,在此虽然示意地表示,但例如形成前述图1中的圆管部b及旋回流形成突起c等。
图4表示本实施例中的扁平管制造方法的第三工序,在该第三工序中,使用上下层的金属模6、7,从前述薄板2上隔着前述未切除的中间部4将扁平管1的展开形状切起(图4中的附图标记8表示从薄板2上切起的切起片)。
另外,图4中的左侧表示了制造椭圆截面的扁平管1的情况,右侧表示了制造矩形截面的扁平管1的情况,在该图4以后的附图中,从易于观察的观点考虑而省略了在之前的图3中加工出的凹凸形状5的图示。
图5表示本实施例中的扁平管制造方法的第四工序,在该第四工序中,使用上下层的金属模9、10,使从前述薄板2切起的切起片8进一步竖起而直立,进而,在图6的第五工序中,通过使用上层的金属模11,使前述切起片8的顶端部彼此向内侧倒入并闭合,整体作为扁平管1进行成形。
即、在图示的例子中,扁平管1是以扁平管1的宽度方向的一侧面保留在薄板2上未切除、其它侧面一侧向上方竖起的状态成形的,该其它侧面通过使前述切起片8的顶端部彼此向内侧闭合而赋形。
在要预先在扁平管1上的图4及图5中被金属模6、7以及9、10挤压的部分也赋予凹凸形状的情况下,可预先对金属模6、7以及9、10自身赋予用于成形出凹凸形状的模具形状,在从薄板2上将切起片8竖起之际赋予凹凸形状5(参照图3)。
另外,在图6的第五工序中使用上层的金属模11,使前述切起片8的顶端部彼此向内侧倒入并闭合时,可采用在竖起的切起片8的内侧加入与上层的金属模11的形状相对应的衬板(未图示)来承接前述上层的金属模11的形式。
此外,在本实施例的说明中,在图6的第五工序中使用上层的金属模11,使前述切起片8的顶端部彼此向内侧倒入并闭合,但例如也可以在图4的第三工序的阶段预先对切起片8的顶端部进行弯曲加工,在图5的第四工序中使切起片8进而竖起而直立之际,使切起片8的顶端部彼此闭合。
图7表示本实施例中的扁平管制造方法的第六工序,在该第六工序中,从前述薄板2上切下前述未切除的中间部4(参照图2~图6)得到扁平管1。在此,针对切起片8的顶端部彼此的闭合部分,既可以在第五工序与第六工序之间从薄板2上切下未切除的中间部4之前进行接合,也可以在第六工序之后从薄板2上切下未切除的中间部4后进行接合,关于在哪一时刻实施接合,可根据焊接作业的进行容易性适当选择。
此时,切起片8的顶端部彼此的闭合部分处的接合尤其在薄板2的金属材料为铝的情况下等能够使用粘接剂,但在有因向扁平管1流入的预定的介质而形成腐蚀环境的可能性的情况下等,优选使用将包括母材的接合部溶融进行接合的焊接,更具体地说,优选使用二氧化碳激光焊接、YAG激光焊接、准分子激光焊接这种激光焊接。另外,切起片8的顶端部彼此的闭合部分既可以对接地进行焊接,也可以重叠地进行焊接。
此外,虽然切起片8的顶端部彼此的闭合部分处的接合也能够使用钎焊,但在这种情况下,由于必须将整体收容在加热室中进行加热,所以优选将未切除的中间部4从薄板2上切下后进行。
另外,在从薄板2上切下的扁平管1的外表面及内表面上,也可以根据需要实施涂敷或镀敷等表面处理。
这样一来,由于切起片8的顶端部彼此的闭合部分仅成为一个接缝部分,所以与将分别另外制造将扁平管1一分为二成上下两半状的形状的部分并且分别对其宽度方向两侧的两个接缝部分进行接合的以往的方法相比,接缝部分减半,明显节省了对该接缝部分进行接合的工时,而且,在整体作为扁平管1被成形之前保持局部与薄板2接合地与该薄板2一同通过生产线作业阶段推进地进行制造工序,谋求了制造工序的高效化。
因此,根据上述实施例,由于能够将必须进行接合的接缝部分集约成一个,明显地节省对该接缝部分进行接合的工时,而且,能够一边移动薄板2一边通过生产线作业阶段推进地进行制造工序,谋求制造工序的高效化,所以能够比前述那样以往的方法大幅度削减制造成本。
另外,本发明的扁平管制造方法并不仅限于上述的实施例,向扁平管的内外表面赋予的凹凸形状也并不仅限于图示的例子,此外,在金属制的薄板上开出扁平管的展开形状的缺口时,保留与薄板接合的部分只要是扁平管的展开形状的宽度方向的中段部即可,不必一定是宽度方向的中间部,除此之外,当然能够在不脱离本发明的宗旨的范围内加上各种变更。

Claims (3)

1.一种扁平管制造方法,制造在内外表面具备凹凸形状的扁平管,其特征在于,
在金属制的薄板上开出扁平管的展开形状的缺口,并且在开出该缺口之际,预先保留前述扁平管的展开形状的宽度方向的中段部与前述薄板接合,在前述扁平管的展开形状的范围内加工出凹凸形状后,从前述薄板上隔着前述未切除的中段部将前述扁平管的展开形状切起,使该切起片的顶端部彼此闭合,将整体作为扁平管进行成形,从前述薄板上切下前述未切除的中段部而得到扁平管。
2.如权利要求1所述的扁平管制造方法,其特征在于,
在将未切除的中段部从薄板上切下之前,对切起片的顶端部彼此的闭合部分进行接合。
3.如权利要求1所述的扁平管制造方法,其特征在于,
在将未切除的中段部从薄板上切下之后,对切起片的顶端部彼此的闭合部分进行接合。
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