CN104737822B - It is a kind of to improve the engrafting method of film interior circulation environment - Google Patents

It is a kind of to improve the engrafting method of film interior circulation environment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104737822B
CN104737822B CN201510199554.3A CN201510199554A CN104737822B CN 104737822 B CN104737822 B CN 104737822B CN 201510199554 A CN201510199554 A CN 201510199554A CN 104737822 B CN104737822 B CN 104737822B
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grafting
scion
circulation environment
venting pin
engrafting method
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CN104737822A (en
Inventor
尼章光
赧光华
罗心平
陈于福
解德宏
张发明
张翠仙
张惠云
王美存
高贤玉
俞艳春
王永芬
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Yunnan Jinkeng Fruit Industry Technology Co ltd
INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL CASH CROP YUNNAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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Yunnan Jinkeng Fruit Industry Technology Co ltd
INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL CASH CROP YUNNAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/30Grafting

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

Improve the engrafting method of film interior circulation environment the present invention relates to a kind of, belong to tropical fruit culture technical field.This method includes choosing grafting object and grafting time, grafting and binding, sets up circulation environment, the big step of sun-proof and pre- insect-pest five.Use engrafting method of the present invention, tropical fruit tree tree graft survival rate can be effectively improved in grafting in 1 April, graft survival rate is higher than 97.6%, 5 rainy season in October graft survival rates are up to 94.1%, the problem of October in rainy season 5, graft survival rate was low is improved, the growth of tropical fruit tree after grafting survival is promoted.Meanwhile, the inventive method extends grafting time, extended to for 1 October from 1 conventional April, extends the grafting time of 6 months, and effectively raise sapling multiplication rate, it is easy to popularization and application.

Description

It is a kind of to improve the engrafting method of film interior circulation environment
Technical field
The invention belongs to tropical fruit culture technical field, and in particular to a kind of grafting side of improvement film interior circulation environment Method.
Background technology
Grafting is to do sth. in advance result in tropical fruit tree production, keep a kind of conventional method of kind good characteristic.Tropical grafting Time is typically chosen in 2-4 month graftings, and the temperature bottom out in this period, rainfall is few, and grafting is easily survived.And due to 5-10 month temperature is high, high humidity, and rainfall is big, and conventional graft survival rate is extremely low, and general tropical fruit tree grafting is all avoided in 5-10 Month is carried out.Because of 5-10 month graftings, easily cause that resin is more, washiness is difficult outer row in film, and callus is difficult to be formed, and connects Mouth easily mildew, graft survival rate is extremely low, therefore, significantly limit tropical fruit tree sapling multiplication speed, have impact on tropical fruit tree Sapling multiplication and grower's income.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of engrafting method of improvement film interior circulation environment, and above-mentioned difficulty can be effectively solved using the present invention Topic, may be selected 5-10 month rainfalls are more, temperature high and the progress grafting of the time of high humidity, graft survival rate up to more than 92.3%, and And because grafting time is in high-temperature high humidity season, promote the fast-growth of tropical fruit tree grafting bud, be tropical fruit tree do sth. in advance garden, Early go into operation lays the foundation.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A kind of engrafting method for changing film interior circulation environment, comprises the following steps:
Step(1), choose grafting object and grafting time:Tree or seedling of the grafting object for tropical fruit tree, trunk diameter: 0.5-30.0cm, grafting time:1-10 months;
Step(2), grafting and binding:So that the peripheral middle and upper part of grafting object tree crown is aging, the branch that growing way is vigorous, eye is full Bar is as scion, and scion length is 4-6cm, and by scion side, cunning cuts a kerf from top to bottom, cuts at 45 ° in otch rear end Angle;The long bevel of scion is inwardly inserted into the stock otch cut, after anvil fringe is closely sealed, with film tape from bottom to top by interface Place is tightened;
Step(3), set up circulation environment:The dry branch for being 10cm with a diameter of 2-3cm, length or fresh branch are as logical Gas rod;In step(2)Add a venting pin beside the scion fixed, the top of venting pin is concordant with the top of scion, venting pin Bottom exceed interface, and beyond part be whole venting pin length 1/3rd;Except venting pin exceed three/ Remainder beyond one carries out totally-enclosed wrapping with film tape from bottom to top together with interface and scion, does not reveal eye;
Step(4), it is sun-proof:Exposed stock suitcase is wrapped up in band leaf fresh braches tight and solid using film tape It is fixed;
Step(5), pre- insect-pest:Agricultural chemicals uses volumetric concentration for 2.5% 2000 times of liquid of time after grafting, and uses body The organic silicon pesticide synergist that product concentration is 0.1%, agricultural chemicals and synergist is sprayed to around trunk and graft union together, synergy Agent consumption for the volume of agricultural chemicals stoste amount 0.5%-4%, the consumption of agricultural chemicals to specifications in the conventional use of requirement, nothing Particular/special requirement.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, step(1)Described in tropical fruit tree be mango, longan, lichee or Rabdosia japonica.
It is further preferred that step(1)Described in grafting time be 5-10 months.
It is further preferred that step(1)Described in grafting object be mango saplings or seedling, trunk diameter is in 0.5- Between 5cm.
It is further preferred that step(2), step(3)And step(4)Described in film tape width be 5-10cm, Thickness is 0.01-0.02mm.
Above-mentioned technical proposal, in addition to otch are smeared, i.e., smeared in all incisions with wound coating agent, to prevent water Divide evaporation too fast and influence crop growth.
Above-mentioned technical proposal, in addition to apply dry, it is that quick lime, Yan Heshui are 100 in mass ratio to apply dry liquid:4:100 The mixed liquor being tuned into, it is conventional usage amount to apply dry consumption.
Engrafting method of the present invention is compared with common grafting method mainly following characteristics, as shown in table 1:
Table 1
Engrafting method Grafting time Feature
Commonsense method The 1-4 months Conventional method, survival rate is up to 97.6%, but the time is short, only 3 months.
Commonsense method The 5-10 months Less to use, survival rate is low, and only 29.2%, but rear fast growth is survived, tree crown is formed soon.
The inventive method The 1-10 months New method, the 1-4 months, survival rate is higher than 97.6%;5-10 month survival rates are up to 94.1%, and grafting time is long(The 1-10 months), extend grafting time 6 months, in 5-10 month graftings, survive rear fast growth, tree crown is formed soon.
Compared with prior art, its advantage is the present invention:
Using engrafting method of the present invention, tropical fruit tree tree graft survival rate, grafting survival can be effectively improved in 1-4 month graftings Rate higher than 97.6%, 5-10 rainy season month graft survival rates up to 94.1%, improve the month in rainy season 5-10 graft survival rate it is low (only have 29.2%) the problem of, the growth of tropical fruit tree after grafting survival is promoted.
The inventive method extends grafting time, the 1-4 months extends to the 1-10 months from conventional, extends the grafting of 6 months Time, and effectively raise sapling multiplication rate.
The purpose that the inventive method sets up circulation environment is to want the subenvironment in film to wait with atmospheric environment to communicate, and makes its grafting Excessive moisture in film is outwardly discharged, and is kept relatively uniform beneficial to moisture in grafting membrane and outside air humidity, is set up and keep Moisture is stablized relatively in scion and film, improves subenvironment in grafting membrane, in favor of calli induction, improves survival rate.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
It will be understood to those of skill in the art that the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and it should not be regarded as limiting this hair Bright scope.In the examples where no specific technique or condition is specified, according to the technology or condition described by document in the art Or carried out according to product description.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, are that can be obtained by buying Conventional products.
The organic silicon pesticide synergist of the present invention 0.1% is enough to believe Chemical Co., Ltd. from Wuhan tripartite confrontation.
Embodiment 1
A kind of engrafting method for changing film interior circulation environment, comprises the following steps:
Step(1), choose grafting object and grafting time:Grafting object is the seedling of mango, trunk diameter:0.5-5cm, is transferred Connect the time:1-10 months;
Step(2), grafting and binding:So that the peripheral middle and upper part of grafting object tree crown is aging, the branch that growing way is vigorous, eye is full Bar is as scion, and scion length is 4-6cm, and by scion side, cunning cuts a kerf from top to bottom, cuts at 45 ° in otch rear end Angle;The long bevel of scion is inwardly inserted into the stock otch cut, after anvil fringe is closely sealed, with film tape from bottom to top by interface Place is tightened;
Step(3), set up circulation environment:The fresh branch for being 10cm with a diameter of 2-3cm, length is as venting pin; In step(2)Add a venting pin beside the scion fixed, the top of venting pin is concordant with the top of scion, the bottom of venting pin It is 1/3rd of whole venting pin length more than interface, and beyond part;In addition to 1/3rd that venting pin exceeds Remainder totally-enclosed wrapping is carried out with film tape from bottom to top together with interface and scion, do not reveal eye;
Step(4), it is sun-proof:Exposed stock suitcase is wrapped up in band leaf fresh braches tight and solid using film tape It is fixed;
Step(5), pre- insect-pest:Agricultural chemicals uses volumetric concentration for 2.5% 2000 times of liquid of time after grafting, and uses body The organic silicon pesticide synergist that product concentration is 0.1%, agricultural chemicals and synergist is sprayed to around trunk and graft union together, synergy Agent consumption for the volume of agricultural chemicals stoste amount 0.5%-1%, the consumption of agricultural chemicals to specifications in the conventional use of requirement, nothing Particular/special requirement.
Wherein, step(2), step(3)And step(4)Described in film tape width be 5cm, thickness is 0.01mm.
Using the method for the embodiment of the present invention, tropical fruit tree tree graft survival rate, grafting can be effectively improved in 1-4 month graftings Survival rate is that 98.0%, 5-10 rainy seasons month graft survival rate is 94.3%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of engrafting method for changing film interior circulation environment, comprises the following steps:
Step(1), choose grafting object and grafting time:Grafting object is the tree of longan, trunk diameter:20.0- 30.0cm, grafting time:5-10 months;
Step(2), grafting and binding:So that the peripheral middle and upper part of grafting object tree crown is aging, the branch that growing way is vigorous, eye is full Bar is as scion, and scion length is 4-6cm, and by scion side, cunning cuts a kerf from top to bottom, cuts at 45 ° in otch rear end Angle;The long bevel of scion is inwardly inserted into the stock otch cut, after anvil fringe is closely sealed, with film tape from bottom to top by interface Place is tightened;
Step(3), set up circulation environment:The dry branch for being 10cm with a diameter of 2-3cm, length or fresh branch are as logical Gas rod;In step(2)Add a venting pin beside the scion fixed, the top of venting pin is concordant with the top of scion, venting pin Bottom exceed interface, and beyond part be whole venting pin length 1/3rd;Except venting pin exceed three/ Remainder beyond one carries out totally-enclosed wrapping with film tape from bottom to top together with interface and scion, does not reveal eye;
Step(4), it is sun-proof:Exposed stock suitcase is wrapped up in band leaf fresh braches tight and solid using film tape It is fixed;
Step(5), pre- insect-pest:Agricultural chemicals uses volumetric concentration for 2.5% 2000 times of liquid of time after grafting, and uses body The organic silicon pesticide synergist that product concentration is 0.1%, agricultural chemicals and synergist is sprayed to around trunk and graft union together, synergy Agent consumption for the volume of agricultural chemicals stoste amount 3%-4%, the consumption of agricultural chemicals to specifications in the conventional use of requirement, no spy It is different to require.
Step(2), step(3)And step(4)Described in film tape width be 10cm, thickness is 0.02mm.
All otch smear otch after cutting with wound coating agent, and plant growth is influenceed to prevent moisture evaporation too fast Development.
Using the method for the embodiment of the present invention, 5-10 rainy seasons month graft survival rate is 94.8%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of engrafting method for changing film interior circulation environment, comprises the following steps:
Step(1), choose grafting object and grafting time:Grafting object is the treelet of lichee, trunk diameter:10-20cm, Grafting time:1-10 months;
Step(2), grafting and binding:So that the peripheral middle and upper part of grafting object tree crown is aging, the branch that growing way is vigorous, eye is full Bar is as scion, and scion length is 4-6cm, and by scion side, cunning cuts a kerf from top to bottom, cuts at 45 ° in otch rear end Angle;The long bevel of scion is inwardly inserted into the stock otch cut, after anvil fringe is closely sealed, with film tape from bottom to top by interface Place is tightened;
Step(3), set up circulation environment:The dry branch for being 10cm with a diameter of 2-3cm, length or fresh branch are as logical Gas rod;In step(2)Add a venting pin beside the scion fixed, the top of venting pin is concordant with the top of scion, venting pin Bottom exceed interface, and beyond part be whole venting pin length 1/3rd;Except venting pin exceed three/ Remainder beyond one carries out totally-enclosed wrapping with film tape from bottom to top together with interface and scion, does not reveal eye;
Step(4), it is sun-proof:Exposed stock suitcase is wrapped up in band leaf fresh braches tight and solid using film tape It is fixed;
Step(5), pre- insect-pest:Agricultural chemicals uses volumetric concentration for 2.5% 2000 times of liquid of time after grafting, and uses body The organic silicon pesticide synergist that product concentration is 0.1%, agricultural chemicals and synergist is sprayed to around trunk and graft union together, synergy Agent consumption for the volume of agricultural chemicals stoste amount 2.5%-3.3%, the consumption of agricultural chemicals to specifications in the conventional use of requirement, Without particular/special requirement.
Step(2), step(3)And step(4)Described in film tape width be 8cm, thickness is 0.018mm.
To carry out applying dry before sun-proof rear pre- insect-pest, it is that quick lime, Yan Heshui are 100 in mass ratio to apply dry liquid: 4:100 mixed liquors being tuned into, it is conventional usage amount to apply dry consumption.
Using the method for the embodiment of the present invention, tropical fruit tree tree graft survival rate, grafting can be effectively improved in 1-4 month graftings Survival rate is that 98.1%, 5-10 rainy seasons month graft survival rate is 94.4%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of engrafting method for changing film interior circulation environment, comprises the following steps:
Step(1), choose grafting object and grafting time:Grafting object is the tree of Rabdosia japonica, trunk diameter:5-25cm, Grafting time:1-10 months;
Step(2), grafting and binding:So that the peripheral middle and upper part of grafting object tree crown is aging, the branch that growing way is vigorous, eye is full Bar is as scion, and scion length is 4-6cm, and by scion side, cunning cuts a kerf from top to bottom, cuts at 45 ° in otch rear end Angle;The long bevel of scion is inwardly inserted into the stock otch cut, after anvil fringe is closely sealed, with film tape from bottom to top by interface Place is tightened;
Step(3), set up circulation environment:The dry branch for being 10cm with a diameter of 2-3cm, length or fresh branch are as logical Gas rod;In step(2)Add a venting pin beside the scion fixed, the top of venting pin is concordant with the top of scion, venting pin Bottom exceed interface, and beyond part be whole venting pin length 1/3rd;Except venting pin exceed three/ Remainder beyond one carries out totally-enclosed wrapping with film tape from bottom to top together with interface and scion, does not reveal eye;
Step(4), it is sun-proof:Exposed stock suitcase is wrapped up in band leaf fresh braches tight and solid using film tape It is fixed;
Step(5), pre- insect-pest:Agricultural chemicals uses volumetric concentration for 2.5% 2000 times of liquid of time after grafting, and uses body The organic silicon pesticide synergist that product concentration is 0.1%, agricultural chemicals and synergist is sprayed to around trunk and graft union together, synergy Agent consumption for the volume of agricultural chemicals stoste amount 2%-2.5%, the consumption of agricultural chemicals to specifications in the conventional use of requirement, nothing Particular/special requirement.
Step(2), step(3)And step(4)Described in film tape width be 6cm, thickness is 0.015mm.
All otch smear otch after cutting with wound coating agent, and plant growth is influenceed to prevent moisture evaporation too fast Development.
To carry out applying dry before sun-proof rear pre- insect-pest, it is that quick lime, Yan Heshui are 100 in mass ratio to apply dry liquid: 4:100 mixed liquors being tuned into, it is conventional usage amount to apply dry consumption.
Using the method for the embodiment of the present invention, tropical fruit tree tree graft survival rate, grafting can be effectively improved in 1-4 month graftings Survival rate is that 98.5%, 5-10 rainy seasons month graft survival rate is 94.2%.
The general principle and principal character and advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification is originally The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its Equivalent thereof.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of engrafting method for changing film interior circulation environment, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step(1), choose grafting object and grafting time:Grafting object is tropical fruit tree, trunk diameter:0.5-30.0cm, is transferred Connect the time:1-10 months;
Step(2), grafting and binding:With the branch work that the peripheral middle and upper part of grafting object tree crown is aging, growing way is vigorous, eye is full For scion, scion length is 4-6cm, and by scion side, cunning cuts a kerf from top to bottom, cuts at 45 ° oblique in otch rear end Mouthful;The long bevel of scion is inwardly inserted into the stock otch cut, after anvil fringe is closely sealed, with film tape from bottom to top by interface Tighten;
Step(3), set up circulation environment:The dry branch for being 10cm with a diameter of 2-3cm, length or fresh branch are as ventilation Rod;In step(2)Add a venting pin beside the scion fixed, the top of venting pin is concordant with the top of scion, venting pin Bottom exceedes interface, and is 1/3rd of whole venting pin length beyond part;Except venting pin exceed 1/3rd Remainder in addition carries out totally-enclosed wrapping with film tape from bottom to top together with interface and scion, does not reveal eye;
Step(4), it is sun-proof:It is tight with exposed stock suitcase is wrapped up in leaf fresh braches, and fixed using film tape;
Step(5), pre- insect-pest:After grafting agricultural chemicals use volumetric concentration for 2.5% 2000 times of liquid of time, and using volume it is dense The organic silicon pesticide synergist for 0.1% is spent, agricultural chemicals and organic silicon pesticide synergist are sprayed to around trunk and grafting together Mouthful, organic silicon pesticide synergist consumption is the 0.5%-4% of the volume of agricultural chemicals stoste amount;
Step(1)Described in tropical fruit tree be mango, longan, lichee or Rabdosia japonica;
Also include otch to smear, i.e., smeared in all incisions with wound coating agent;
Also include applying dry, it is that quick lime, Yan Heshui are 100 in mass ratio to apply dry liquid:4:100 mixed liquors being tuned into, Tu Gan Consumption be conventional usage amount.
2. the engrafting method according to claim 1 for changing film interior circulation environment, it is characterised in that step(1)Described in Grafting time be 5-10 months.
3. the engrafting method according to claim 2 for changing film interior circulation environment, it is characterised in that step(1)Described in Grafting object be mango saplings, trunk diameter is between 0.5-5cm.
4. the engrafting method according to claim 1 for changing film interior circulation environment, it is characterised in that step(2), step (3)And step(4)Described in film tape width be 5-10cm, thickness is 0.01-0.02mm.
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CN108040714A (en) * 2017-12-04 2018-05-18 黄颖 The high-survival rate engrafting method of apple tree
CN107820885A (en) * 2017-12-04 2018-03-23 黄颖 For improving the engrafting method of peach survival rate
CN108040641A (en) * 2017-12-04 2018-05-18 黄颖 The implantation methods of pear tree

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CN101946641A (en) * 2010-09-08 2011-01-19 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 New method for grafting mango in high-temperature and high-humidity season
CN102919060A (en) * 2012-11-08 2013-02-13 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 Novel method for rainproof grafting of mango saplings or seedlings
CN103843637A (en) * 2012-12-05 2014-06-11 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 Low-position trunk cutting and variety renovation technology of grown longans
UA90030U (en) * 2013-12-04 2014-05-12 Национальный Университет Биоресурсов И Природопользования Украины Method for growing annual apple seedlings with a crown
CN103975779B (en) * 2014-06-04 2015-08-05 昌宁县林业技术推广站 The method that walnut bleeding improves scion grafting survival rate is absorbed with bog moss
CN104272984B (en) * 2014-10-17 2016-08-31 贵州大学 A kind of method of a J.sigllata Dode high position in spring scion grafting

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