CN104736322A - 用于制造具有超疏水特征或者高疏水特征的聚合物产品的方法、可由所述方法得到的产品及其用途 - Google Patents
用于制造具有超疏水特征或者高疏水特征的聚合物产品的方法、可由所述方法得到的产品及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及制造具有超疏水特征或者高疏水特征的聚合物产品的方法,所述聚合物产品优选为膜形式。还披露了分别用于制造层合物和聚合物涂覆的纸或者板产品的方法,所述层合物和聚合物涂覆的纸或者板产品均具有所述特征。本发明还涉及可通过所述方法得到的产品及其用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于制造具有超疏水特征或者高疏水特征的聚合物产品的方法,所述聚合物产品优选为膜形式。本发明还披露了分别用于制造层合物和聚合物涂覆的纸或者板产品的方法,所述层合物和聚合物涂覆的纸或者板产品均具有所述特征。本发明还涉及通过所述方法得到的产品及其用途。
背景技术
超疏水作为一种现象已经在Neil J.Shirtcliffe等人的“An introduction tosuperhydrophobicity”,Advances in Colloid and Interface Science,161(2010)124–138中公开。
超疏水聚烯烃表面也在Esa Puukilainen等人的“SuperhydrophobicPolyolefin Surfaces:Controlled Micro-and Nanostructures”,Langmuir,2007,23(13),7263-7268中公开。
此外,自清洁技术在“Self cleaning materials”,Peter Forbes,ScientificAmerican,August,2008,pp.88-95中公开。
此外,波纹纸板(瓦楞纸板)的制造在FR2782291中公开。
SE7512107公开了制造纸-塑料层合物(laminate)的方法。
具有受控的表面形貌以改善调色剂释放的图像转印带进一步在US2010/300604中公开。
然而,这些文献均没有公开如何得到以下的技术方案:
–使得容易地清空乳品包装,
–在将软饮料或者啤酒递送至杯中时减少发泡,或者如何
–得到触感良好的表面。
因此,需要解决上述问题中的一个或者多个的方案。
发明内容
通过根据第一方面提供用于制造具有超疏水特征或者高疏水特征的聚合物产品的方法,本发明解决了上述问题中的一个或者多个,所述聚合物产品优选为膜形式,所述方法包括以下步骤:
a)提供聚合物熔体和使所述聚合物熔体与模具接触,所述模具赋予所述聚合物产品提供莲花效应(Lotus effect)的图案,和
b)任选地冷却所得聚合物产品(其为优选的)。
本发明还根据第二方面提供用于制造层合物的方法,所述层合物包含具有超疏水特征或者高疏水特征的聚合物产品和纸或者板的幅(web),所述聚合物产品优选为膜形式,所述方法包括以下步骤:
i)提供聚合物熔体和使所述聚合物熔体与模具接触,所述模具赋予所述聚合物产品提供莲花效应的图案,
ii)任选地冷却所得聚合物产品,和
iii)提供纸或者板的幅和将所述聚合物产品层合到纸或者板的幅。
本发明还根据第三方面提供用于制造聚合物涂覆的纸或者板产品的方法,其中所述产品具有超疏水特征或者高疏水特征,所述方法包括以下步骤:
x)提供聚合物熔体和纸或者板的幅,用所述聚合物熔体涂覆所述纸/板的幅,
xi)使所述聚合物涂覆的纸或者板的幅通从辊上通过(通过辊),其中所述辊面对聚合物涂覆侧并且其中所述辊提供模具,当与所述复合材料的涂覆侧接触时所述模具赋予所述涂覆侧提供莲花效应的图案,和
xii)任选地冷却所得产品(其为优选的)。
本发明还根据第四方面提供可通过根据第一方面的方法得到的聚合物产品。
本发明还根据第五方面提供可通过根据第二方面的方法得到的层合物。
本发明还根据第六方面提供可通过根据第三方面的方法得到的聚合物涂覆的纸或者板产品。
本发明还根据第七方面提供根据第一方面的聚合物产品、根据第二方面的层合物产品或者根据第三方面的产品在食品包装中、优选在袋(pouch)、杯(cup)或者大口杯(烧杯,beaker)中的用途。
本发明还根据第八方面提供根据第二方面的层合物产品或者根据第三方面的产品在液体包装板中、优选在食品包装中用于容纳饮料、乳制品(例如奶油(butter)或者其它奶产品)、食用油产品(例如液体人造奶油或者植物油)、冷冻食材或者干食物中的用途。
本发明还根据第九方面提供根据第一方面的聚合物产品、根据第二方面的层合物产品或者根据第三方面的产品在一次性饮料杯中的用途。
本发明还根据第九方面提供根据第一方面的聚合物产品、根据第二方面的层合物产品或者根据第三方面的产品在胶或者牙膏包装中的用途。
本发明还根据第十方面提供根据第一方面的聚合物产品、根据第二方面的层合物产品或者根据第三方面的产品在碟(tray)或者盘(plate)中的用途。
本发明还根据第十一方面提供根据第一方面的聚合物产品、根据第二方面的层合物产品或者根据第三方面的产品在耐高压加热的产品包装中、优选在至少115℃的温度下耐高压加热的包装中的用途。在高压锅(autolave)中的温度通常为115-125℃(西红柿ext.(tomato ext.))和对于肉,温度可使用130℃。
本发明还根据第十二方面提供根据第一方面的聚合物产品、根据第二方面的层合物产品或者根据第三方面的产品控制粘合或者摩擦、或者控制导热性的用途。
本发明还根据第十三方面提供包装板,其包含纤维基材(base)和在所述纤维基材的一侧或者两侧上的一个或者多个聚合物涂层,其中所述层中的一个或者两个具有超疏水特征或者高疏水特征。
具体实施方式
在整个说明书中,表达"超疏水特征或者高疏水特征"意图涵盖可检测到莲花效应这意味着,应看见降低的湿润性(这种效应例如从叶子可获知)。经由杨氏方程,可计算湿润度。湿润度通过使用材料的界面张力比率计算。完全湿润通过接触角0°来表示,而完全不湿润通过接触角180°来表示。还可参见图1,其显示了具有超疏水特征或者高疏水特征的材料。
在整个说明书中,表达"疏油蜡”意图表示这样的化合物:其加强莲花效应。除了上面的含义,其也涵盖它排斥水。所述化合物可选自AKD或者硬脂酸钙,或者其组合。
根据本发明第二和第三方面的一个优选实施方案,所述板为用于液体纸盒的板。
根据本发明第二和第三方面的一个优选实施方案,所述板为包装板和聚合物涂层的重量为至少14g/m2。
根据本发明第二和第三方面的一个优选实施方案,纤维板基材的密度为至少575kg/m3,更优选至少615kg/m3和最优选至少650kg/m3。
根据本发明第三方面的一个优选实施方案,所述辊为冷却鼓。
根据本发明第三方面的一个优选实施方案,所述辊具有模具,所述模具基本上类似于杯状区域(cup field)。
根据本发明第一、第二和第三方面的一个优选实施方案,所述聚合物选自聚乙烯(PE;其可例如为低密度聚乙烯–LDPE、线性低密度聚乙烯–LLDPE或者高密度聚乙烯-HDPE)、聚丙烯(PP)、乙烯-乙烯醇(EVOH)或者乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)或者聚酯如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚乳酸(PLA)、聚酰胺(PA;例如聚酰胺6-PA6)或者其组合。
根据本发明第一、第二和第三方面的一个优选实施方案,还将疏油蜡添加至聚合物上。
根据本发明第一、第二和第三方面的一个优选实施方案,在模制后将油添加至聚合物之上,所述聚合物优选为PE。这具有以下效果:使得表面针对例如酸奶等是完全易滑脱的(slippery)。
本发明还提供具有不同的颜色如蓝色、金色和红色的可能性。此外,它也提供了正的触摸效果(积极的触摸效果,positive touch effect)。
如本发明第一方面中所述的提供聚合物熔体也可将金属表面加热(其间接熔融聚合物)进行。
根据第一、第二和第三方面的冷却步骤可为被动的(即,只是让冷却在室温进行)或者主动的。
本发明每个方面的优选特征针对每个其它方面做了必要的改动。将本申请所述的现有技术文献结合至法律所允许的全部范围。本发明在下面的实施例中结合附图进一步描述,这些实施例不以任何方式限制本发明的范围。本发明实施方案借助于实施方案的实施例以及附图得到了更详细地描述,这些实施例的唯一目的是说明本发明且不以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
附图说明
图1公开了具有超疏水特征或者高疏水特征(因此强调了莲花效应)的材料。
图2公开了使用金属模具1的疏水性液体包装。
图3公开了使用金属模具2的疏水性液体包装。
图4公开了疏水性液体包装,其使用金属模具3:6μm凹槽,横向,筒镜头(barrell lens)f25。
图5公开了疏水性液体包装,其使用金属模具4:6μm凹槽,横向,筒镜头(barrel lens)f12,7。
图6公开了具有图案的材料,所述图案包含具有较高度的正方形的区域。
图7公开了具有图案的材料,所述图案包含具有销(pin)的区域。
图8公开了具有图案的材料,所述图案包含具有线性突出部分(bulge)的区域。
实施例
实施例1
·测试:
–借助于激光形成模制的钢表面
–用PE-箔或者Cupforma Dairy 2PE 20+255+35(二者均包括LDPE)挤压模具以分别在塑料上和在液体包装板表面上实现复制图案。
–测量液体和表面的接触角,针对:
–水
–奶
·将4个图案化的金属表面用PE-箔或者液体包装板挤压以得到图案化的表面
·表面1和3具有最高接触角,如下所述
·与水和奶的接触角°,如下所述
表1–上述实验的结果。
解释:
表面1-疏水性液体包装,其使用金属模具1
表面2-疏水性液体包装,其使用金属模具2
表面3-疏水性液体包装,其使用金属模具3:6μm凹槽,横向,筒镜头f25。
表面4-疏水性液体包装,其使用金属模具4:6μm凹槽,横向,筒镜头f12,7。
此外,也可如下检测它的正触摸效果。当用人类指甲刮擦表面时,相同的样品吱吱作响(creaking)或发出尖锐的声音(squealing)。仅拿着样品则得到愉快和愉悦的触摸效果。
实施例2
形成三个不同种类的超疏水性表面,且表面的顶层为PE。所有表面具有高于170°的接触角,这意味着水滴将不会停留在表面上。它简单地跑走或者漂走。这些表面形成有正方形、线和销(也通过图6-8反映。在正方形和销的情况下,不能预计滴落物移动的方向。在线的情况下,滴落物沿着线)。
表面由PE、尤其用于液体包装板的LDPE制成。PE为Borealis CA8200。PE涂覆的板的PE涂层太薄以至于不能得到超疏水表面。测试温度为125℃(以得到熔融的PE)。然后用PE-箔进行测试–将9层箔彼此重叠放置并将这种堆叠物用模具(形状(form))挤压。将数个PE-层(底侧)用PE-涂覆的液体包装板替代并且模具位于顶部上。将这种堆叠物也用模具挤压。将模具和PE加热并挤压在一起以将形状拷贝至PE表面。
表面金属模具用激光作为复制(图案)形成。制造了三种不同的图案,并且全部三个表面具有超疏水性。它们与水滴的接触角超过170°。难以在表面上添加滴落物,滴落物不固定至表面。如果设法在表面上洒落滴落物,它会滚开。
此外,具有线的表面具有特殊性质。所述滴落物在线的方向上滚开。图6反映了包含具有较高度的正方形的区域的图案。图7反映了包含具有销的区域的图案。图8反映了包含具有线性突出部分的区域的图案。如上所述,所述图示出了三个不同的超疏水PE表面。
上面描述了本发明的多种实施方案,但是本领域技术人员会意识到其它较小的改变,这些改变将落在本发明范围内。本发明的宽度和范围不应被任何上述示例性实施方案限制,而是应仅根据以下权利要求和它们的等同物限定。例如,任何上述方法可与其它已知方法组合。在本发明范围内的其它方面、优点和改动对于本发明所属领域的技术人员而言是显而易见的。
Claims (23)
1.用于制造具有超疏水特征或者高疏水特征的聚合物产品的方法,所述聚合物产品优选为膜形式,所述方法包括以下步骤:
a)提供聚合物熔体和使所述聚合物熔体与模具接触,所述模具赋予所述聚合物产品提供莲花效应的图案,和
b)任选地冷却得到的聚合物产品。
2.用于制造层合物的方法,所述层合物包括具有超疏水特征或者高疏水特征的聚合物产品和纸或者板的幅,所述聚合物产品优选为膜形式,所述方法包括以下步骤:
i)提供聚合物熔体和使所述聚合物熔体与模具接触,所述模具赋予所述聚合物产品提供莲花效应的图案,
ii)任选地冷却得到的聚合物产品,和
iii)提供纸或者板的幅和将所述聚合物产品层合至纸或者板的幅。
3.制造聚合物涂覆的纸或者板产品的方法,其中所述产品具有超疏水特征或者高疏水特征,所述方法包括以下步骤:
x)提供聚合物熔体和纸或者板的幅,用所述聚合物熔体涂覆所述纸/板的幅,
xi)使所述聚合物涂覆的纸或者板的幅从辊上通过,其中所述辊面对聚合物涂覆侧并且其中所述辊提供模具,当与所述复合材料的涂覆侧接触时所述模具赋予所述涂覆侧提供莲花效应的图案,和
xii)任选地冷却所得产品。
4.根据权利要求2或者3的方法,其中所述板为用于液体纸盒的板。
5.根据权利要求2或者3的方法,其中所述板为包装板和所述聚合物涂层的重量为至少14g/m2。
6.根据权利要求2或者3的方法,其中纤维板基材的密度为至少575kg/m3,更优选至少615kg/m3和最优选至少650kg/m3。
7.根据权利要求3的方法,其中所述辊为冷却鼓。
8.根据权利要求3的方法,其中所述辊具有模具,所述模具基本上类似于杯状区域。
9.根据权利要求3的方法,其中所述辊具有模具,所述模具在步骤xi)中产生线性突出部分。
10.根据权利要求1、2或3的方法,其中所述聚合物选自聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)、乙烯-乙烯醇(EVOH)或者乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)或者聚酯如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚乳酸(PLA)、聚酰胺(PA)或者其组合。
11.根据权利要求1、2或3的方法,其中还将疏油蜡添加至所述聚合物上。
12.根据权利要求1、2或3的方法,其中在模制后将油添加至所述聚合物之上,优选地,所述聚合物为PE。
13.聚合物产品,其可通过根据权利要求1的方法得到。
14.层合物,其可通过根据权利要求2的方法得到。
15.聚合物涂覆的纸或者板产品,其可通过权利要求3至11中任一项的方法得到。
16.根据权利要求13的聚合物产品、根据权利要求14的层合物产品或者根据权利要求15的产品在食品包装、优选在袋、杯或者大口杯中的用途。
17.根据权利要求14的层合物产品或者根据权利要求15的产品作为液体包装板、优选地在用于容纳饮料、乳产品、食用油产品、冷冻食材或者干食物的食品包装中的用途。
18.根据权利要求13的聚合物产品、根据权利要求14的层合物产品或者根据权利要求15的产品在一次性饮料杯中的用途。
19.根据权利要求13的聚合物产品、根据权利要求14的层合物产品或者根据权利要求15的产品在胶或者牙膏包装中的用途。
20.根据权利要求13的聚合物产品、根据权利要求14的层合物产品或者根据权利要求15的产品在碟或者盘中的用途。
21.根据权利要求13的聚合物产品、根据权利要求14的层合物产品或者根据权利要求15的产品在耐高压加热的产品包装中、优选在至少115℃的温度的耐高压加热的包装中的用途。
22.根据权利要求13的聚合物产品、根据权利要求14的层合物产品或者根据权利要求15的产品用于控制粘合或者摩擦或者控制导热性的用途。
23.包装板,其包含纤维基材和在所述纤维基材的一侧或者两侧上的一个或者多个聚合物涂层,其中所述层中的一个或者两个具有超疏水特征或者高疏水特征。
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EP2900454B1 (en) | 2023-09-20 |
RU2015115713A (ru) | 2016-11-20 |
CA2885521A1 (en) | 2014-04-03 |
NZ706157A (en) | 2017-08-25 |
EP2900454A1 (en) | 2015-08-05 |
JP2015530296A (ja) | 2015-10-15 |
MX2015003739A (es) | 2015-06-24 |
AU2013322247A1 (en) | 2015-04-09 |
CA2885521C (en) | 2021-01-12 |
US10421230B2 (en) | 2019-09-24 |
EP2900454C0 (en) | 2023-09-20 |
JP2017154503A (ja) | 2017-09-07 |
BR112015006533A2 (pt) | 2017-08-08 |
BR112015006533B1 (pt) | 2021-05-25 |
AU2013322247B2 (en) | 2018-02-15 |
RU2648108C2 (ru) | 2018-03-22 |
US20150231821A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
WO2014049518A1 (en) | 2014-04-03 |
EP2900454A4 (en) | 2016-06-01 |
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