CN104725343B - 一种呫吨酮化合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种呫吨酮化合物及其制备方法和应用。呫吨酮化合物的分子式为Eu(C13H7O4)nAp，n＝2或3。将铕盐溶液和1，3‑二羟基呫吨酮溶液混合，加热反应，得到反应液；将反应液浓缩至原体积的2/3，析出结晶；用甲醇与乙醚洗涤结晶物；用少量的甲醇溶解，进行重结晶。放五氧化二磷干燥器干燥，得到最终产物。本发明的化合物可作为塑料添加剂或者叶面肥用于将紫外光转化为红外，增加植物的光合作用及提高产量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种呫吨酮化合物及其制备方法和应用，属于农业领域。
背景技术
光肥是一种通过荧光化合物来实现紫外光区的光向对植物有益的蓝紫光及红橙光的转化化合物。光肥可以直接加入到塑料膜中，改变农业大棚膜或者地膜的透过光的成分，减少紫外光的透过，增加蓝紫光及红橙光，促进作用生长。优良的光肥还可以直接添加到叶面肥中，喷涂于植物叶面，促进植物的光合作用。
大约50％的太阳能在近红外波长(700纳米)。波长大于700纳米的光子的能量太低，不能使植物光反应中心的电荷分离，因此，在光合作用的有效波段外。而波长在700纳米以下(即红色光子)为大多数植物的叶绿素喜好光波，有利于淀粉、糖份、纤维素等碳水化合物的合成。红光则具有催长效应，能促进植物长高。科学家用各种不同的彩色透明薄膜覆盖黄瓜的生长环境。结果发现，用红色薄膜覆盖的黄瓜生长旺盛，增产40％以上。(Y.P.Abrol，P.Mohanty(eds)，Photosynthesis：Photoreactions to Plant Productivity，1993，Oxford&IBH Publishing，New Delhi，India.)。一些科学家已经在使用稀土盐或者稀土无机物作为转光剂，应用在农膜上，以增加农作产量。(发明专利zl201010163344.6“双功能农膜用转光剂及其制备方法”)，实验表明使用这种稀土无机转光剂的农膜使蔬菜平均增加15％的产量。尽管采用增加红光来促使植物增加产量已经逐步被人民认同，但稀土盐或者氧化物与塑料膜的相容性差，添加困难，使用量较大。
发明内容
为了克服以上缺点，本发明使用1，3-二羟基呫吨酮与三价铕盐反应，得到了具有将紫外光转化为红光的1，3-二羟基呫吨酮与铕配合物，具有良好的塑料相容性和高的光转换效率。
本发明的稀土化合物为1，3-二羟基呫吨酮-铕配合物，其分子式为：
Eu(C13H7O4)nAp (1)
式(1)中，当n＝2时，有两个1，3-二羟基呫吨酮与铕离子配位，生成双(1，3-二羟基呫吨酮)合铕正三价正离子；当n＝3时，三个1，3-二羟基呫吨酮与铕离子配位生成三(1，3-二羟基呫吨酮)合铕正三价离子，根据使用铕盐的阴离子的不同而不同，或进行离子交换得到不同的阴离子A的盐，p的取值和A的负电荷相关，使式(1)成为电中性配合物。
本发明还提供一种本发明的1，3-二羟基呫吨酮-铕配合物制备方法，该方法包括下述步骤：
将铕盐溶液和1，3-二羟基呫吨酮溶液混合，加热反应，得到1，3-二羟基呫吨酮铕配合物；通过控制1，3-二羟基呫吨酮与铕盐以得到n＝2或3不同形式的1，3-二羟基呫吨酮铕产物。本质上利用稀土离子的亲氧特性与1，3-二羟基呫吨酮的共轭特性，共同形成具有发红光性质的配合物。
1，3-二羟基呫吨酮可以从试剂商(Sigma)购得，也可按文献方法合成。所用铕盐只要在反应介质中易于溶解即可，例如，无水氯化铕EuCl3，六水合三氯化铕EuCl3·6H2O，六水硝酸铕Eu(NO3)3·6H2O，通常六水硝酸铕更利于使用。
本发明提供的1，3-二羟基呫吨酮铕配合物可以液体或固体形式作为光肥添加到塑料膜或者叶面肥中，提高农作的光合作用，促进农作产量。
本发明所述可用于提高作物产量，主要用于达到将对植物有害的紫外线转变为可以提高光合作用的红光。所述的1，3-二羟基呫吨酮铕配合物可以制成任何一种添加剂型，例如片剂，胶囊、溶液剂、悬浮剂、乳剂、凝胶剂、软膏剂、冻干粉剂、滴丸剂、膜剂、脂质题等。作为光肥添加剂使用，以液体或固体粉末形式添加到塑料膜中，或者稀释后加入叶面肥中。
本发明的1，3-二羟基呫吨酮铕组合物中，功效成分为1，3-二羟基呫吨酮铕。根据制剂需要，组合物中的载体或辅料可以是配合物可以接受的任何一种。聚乙二醇400双硬脂酸酯作为其他组分添加是较好的选择之一。
本发明所述的用于光肥组合物添加于塑料膜中或用于叶面肥添加组合物可为溶液剂、悬浮剂、乳剂、凝胶剂、软膏剂等剂型。
本发明的1，3-二羟基呫吨酮铕的使用量可以根据不同植物对光强度和不同的光合作用效率的需要来确定。
本发明的1，3-二羟基呫吨酮铕，可以用通常的元素分析和ICP来确定组分和铕的含量，形成的配合物结构可以用红外光谱(附图1、2)，固体荧光发射光谱(附图3-6)表征。
附图说明
图1.实施例1的1，3-二羟基呫吨酮铕配合物红外光谱图
图2.实施例2的1，3-二羟基呫吨酮铕配合物红外光谱图
图3.实施例1的1，3-二羟基呫吨酮铕配合物的荧光发射光谱
图4.实施例2的1，3-二羟基呫吨酮铕配合物的荧光发射光谱
图5.实施例3的1，3-二羟基呫吨酮铕配合物的荧光发射光谱
图6.实施例4的1，3-二羟基呫吨酮铕配合物的荧光发射光谱
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本发明内容，用具体实施例说明如下，具体实施例不限定本发明内容范围。
实施例1双(1，3-二羟基呫吨酮)铕(III)硝酸盐
1，3-二羟基呫吨酮2.28克(10毫摩尔)溶于50毫升乙醇中，加入50毫升含2.23克Eu(NO3)3·6H2O(5毫摩尔)的乙醇溶液，搅拌加热溶液至45℃。反应6小时后，浓缩溶液至原体积的2/3，析出结晶。用甲醇与乙醚洗涤结晶物。用最少量的甲醇溶解，进行重结晶。放五氧化二磷干燥器干燥。产率60％.
实施例2三(1，3-二羟基呫吨酮)铕(III)硝酸盐
1，3-二羟基呫吨酮3.42克(15毫摩尔)溶于80毫升乙醇中，加入50毫升含2.23克Eu(NO3)3·6H2O(5毫摩尔)的乙醇溶液，搅拌加热溶液至60℃。反应6小时后，浓缩溶液至原体积的2/3，析出结晶。用甲醇与乙醚洗涤结晶物。用最少量的甲醇溶解，进行重结晶。放五氧化二磷干燥器干燥。产率70％.
实施例3双(1，3-二羟基呫吨酮)铕(III)氯化盐
1，3-二羟基呫吨酮2.28克(10毫摩尔)溶于50毫升乙醇中，加入50毫升含1.29克EuCl3·6H2O(5毫摩尔)的乙醇溶液，搅拌加热溶液至70℃。反应6小时后，浓缩溶液至原体积的2/3，析出结晶。用甲醇与乙醚洗涤结晶物。用最少量的甲醇溶解，进行重结晶。放五氧化二磷干燥器干燥。产率56％.
实施例4三(1，3-二羟基呫吨酮)铕(III)氯化盐
1，3-二羟基呫吨酮3.42克(15毫摩尔)溶于80毫升乙醇中，加入50毫升含1.29克EuCl3·6H2O(5毫摩尔)的乙醇溶液，搅拌加热溶液至70℃。反应6小时后，浓缩溶液至原体积的2/3，析出结晶。用甲醇与乙醚洗涤结晶物。用最少量的甲醇溶解，进行重结晶。放五氧化二磷干燥器干燥。产率65％.
实施例5：光肥塑料母粒与光肥膜1
将100g实施例1中的双(1，3-二羟基呫吨酮)铕(III)硝酸盐、500g低密度聚乙烯、500g线性聚乙烯、5g聚乙二醇400双硬脂酸酯、1g抗氧剂1010加入高速混合机内搅拌混合，其中，搅拌转速为1000r/min，搅拌温度为25℃，搅拌时间1h。然后通过在180℃，螺杆转速为350r/min的双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，制得光肥塑料母粒。
将上述母粒与10Kg的高密度聚乙烯混合均匀，通过吹塑机在熔融温度为180℃、模头温度为160℃的条件下吹塑制得厚度为70um的光肥膜。
实施例6：光肥塑料母粒与光肥膜2
将100g实施例2中的三(1，3-二羟基呫吨酮)铕(III)硝酸盐、500g低密度聚乙烯、500g线性聚乙烯、5g聚乙二醇400双硬脂酸酯、1g抗氧剂1010加入高速混合机内搅拌混合，其中，搅拌转速为1000r/min，搅拌温度为25℃，搅拌时间1h。然后通过在180℃，螺杆转速为350r/min的双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，制得光肥塑料母粒。
将上述母粒与10Kg的高密度聚乙烯混合均匀，通过吹塑机在熔融温度为180℃、模头温度为160℃的条件下吹塑制得厚度为70um的光肥膜。
实施例7：光肥塑料母粒与光肥膜3
将100g实施例3中的双(1，3-二羟基呫吨酮)铕(III)氯化盐、500g低密度聚乙烯、500g线性聚乙烯、5g聚乙二醇400双硬脂酸酯、1g抗氧剂1010加入高速混合机内搅拌混合，其中，搅拌转速为1000r/min，搅拌温度为25℃，搅拌时间1h。然后通过在180℃，螺杆转速为350r/min的双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，制得光肥塑料母粒。
将上述母粒与10Kg的高密度聚乙烯混合均匀，通过吹塑机在熔融温度为180℃、模头温度为160℃的条件下吹塑制得厚度为70um的光肥膜。
实施例8：光肥塑料母粒与光肥膜4
将100g实施例2中的三(1，3-二羟基呫吨酮)铕(III)氯化盐、500g低密度聚乙烯、500g线性聚乙烯、5g聚乙二醇400双硬脂酸酯、1g抗氧剂1010加入高速混合机内搅拌混合，其中，搅拌转速为1000r/min，搅拌温度为25℃，搅拌时间1h。然后通过在180℃，螺杆转速为350r/min的双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，制得光肥塑料母粒。
将上述母粒与10Kg的高密度聚乙烯混合均匀，通过吹塑机在熔融温度为180℃、模头温度为160℃的条件下吹塑制得厚度为70um的光肥膜。
实施例9：蔬菜生长实验
分别取相同厚度的未添加光肥的普通聚乙烯膜和实施例3以及实施例4所述的光肥膜，盖成大棚，A大棚使用未添加光肥的大棚膜，B大棚为实施例3所述的光肥膜，C大棚为实施例4所述的光肥膜，每个大棚规格为10米×5米×3.5米(高)。每个大棚同时种植小青菜，种植植物棵数相同，三个大棚施加相同浓度的二氧化碳。实验结果见表1。
表1
Claims (4)
1.一种呫吨酮化合物，其特征在于，为分子式如下的1, 3-二羟基呫吨酮铕化合物：
Eu(C13H7O4)nAp；式中n=2或3；A为NO3 -, p=3。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种呫吨酮化合物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括下述步骤：
（1）将铕盐溶液和1，3-二羟基呫吨酮溶液混合，加热反应，得到反应液；
（2）将步骤(1)中的反应液浓缩至原体积的2/3，析出结晶；用甲醇与乙醚洗涤结晶物;
用少量的甲醇溶解，进行重结晶；放五氧化二磷干燥器干燥，得到最终产物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种呫吨酮化合物的应用，其特征在于，可添加到塑料膜中。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种呫吨酮化合物的应用，其特征在于，可加入叶面肥中。
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