CN104697742B - Simulation test model device for studying hyporheic exchange under drive of flood pulse and using method thereof - Google Patents
Simulation test model device for studying hyporheic exchange under drive of flood pulse and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation test model device for studying hyporheic exchange under drive of flood pulse and a using method thereof. The simulation test model device comprise a trough body, an upstream ground surface water supplementing system, an underground water control box and a flood pulse driving device. A partition plate capable of dividing the trough body into a water level control chamber and a water discharging chamber, and a river nearby beach model is arranged in the water level control chamber. The underground water control box can perform hyporheic exchange with the river nearby beach model. The flood pulse driving device comprises a lifting piston capable of lifting in a partition plate and a periodic waveform driving device. The lifting piston can periodically lift under the drive of the periodic waveform driving device and enables a flood peak process line in the water level control chamber to change periodically. After the simulation test model device and the using method are adopted, the upstream ground surface water level periodically and proportionally changes along the flood peak process line under the drive of the periodic flood pulse, and the downstream underground water level is kept constant and is approximate to the hyporheic exchange situation of a natural flooding beach land.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of assay device and its using method, particularly a kind of to be used to study flood pulsed drive dive
Simulation test model equipment and its using method that stream is exchanged.
Background technology
Undercurrent exchange is river and its faces the dynamic process that bank exchanges mixing with surface water and groundwater, to river ecological
And its landscape heterogeneity plays highly important regulating and controlling effect.
In general, seasonal peb process will change the hydrological pattern in river area, so affect river major trough with
Undercurrent exchange process in its flooding beach system.Due to having complicated water flow structure, and surface water in undercurrent exchange area
Cause this problem more complicated with two kinds of different time scales involved during ground water movement.
At present, the relevant issues for being exchanged using indoor water tank Test Research undercurrent are the conventional handss of Chinese scholars
Section.Literature survey shows, past majority researcher by setting up indoor water tank physical model simulating riverway, by filling out toward tank
The husky and cobble of different-grain diameter is filled, and constructs required form structure and form riverbed structure, provided by water circulating apparatus feed trough
Cycling use of water needed for test, by the surface water and groundwater stream condition needed for tank and flow valve Control experiment, and arranges
Correlation acquisition instrument and various kinds of sensors measure the desired datas such as each stream parameters, temperature, riverbed interfacial pressure intensity.
However, above-mentioned indoor water tank model is typically looked at because of structures such as bed surface landform, river plane configuration or barriers
Undercurrent exchange process under the influence of (such as bed ripples, ladder, pool, shoal, rubble, wood, bend), most intuitively current are special for it
It is that bed material is covered completely by current to levy, and the main drive that undercurrent is exchanged is closed from the unbalanced pressure of nearly bed surface
The emphasis of note is the impact that bed surface structure is exchanged vertical undercurrent, and its limitation is cannot be for studying river major trough-beach system
It is interior, because water level quickly changes the affecting laws that caused point bar During Flooding And Draining Alternating Process is exchanged the lateral undercurrent in system.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to be directed to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and provides a kind of for studying flood
Simulation test model equipment and its using method, the simulation test model and its using method that pulsed drive subsurface flow is exchanged,
The model of integration of the upstream and downstream that can break traditions tank recirculated water, make upstream earth's surface water level under periodicity flood pulsed drive by
According to specific flood peak graph proportionally cyclically-varying, and downstream level of ground water keeps constant.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
It is a kind of for study flood pulsed drive subsurface flow exchange simulation test model equipment, including water trough body, on
Swim surface water supply system and downstream descend water control system, also including flood pulse driving device, wherein：
One piece of dividing plate is provided with the water trough body, water trough body is partitioned into water lev el control room and sluicing by the dividing plate
Room, is provided with river leaching beach model in water lev el control room.
A vertical vertical chute is provided with the dividing plate, the vertical chute includes being located at the first vertical slot of bottom
With superposed second vertical slot；A through slot, two insertions are each provided with the dividing plate of the second vertical slot both sides
Groove can be connected the second vertical slot with water lev el control room and sluicing room.
The upstream surface water supply system includes an extra feed tank, wherein, extra feed tank water inlet and water lev el control
Room bottom is connected, and extra feed tank outlet is connected with sluicing room.
It is described downstream to descend water control system to include a Groundwater Control case for being arranged at water trough body side, the underground
Water level in water management case can keep constant, and can carry out undercurrent and exchange between Groundwater Control case and river leaching beach model.
The flood pulse driving device includes that the lifting piston being arranged in vertical chute and a cycle waveform drive
Dynamic device.
The outer surface of the lifting piston can coordinate with the sealing of the inner surface of vertical chute, the height of lifting piston and first
Vertical slot it is highly equal, the sluicing gathering sill of sluicing room is stretched in the top of lifting piston from water lev el control room.
The top of lifting piston is connected with periodic waveform driving means, and lifting piston can drive in periodic waveform and fill
Periodically lifted under the driving put, the flood peak graph in water lev el control room is presented and periodically changes.
The periodic waveform driving means are sinusoidal wave form driving means, and lifting piston can be in sinusoidal wave form driving means
Driving under periodically lifted, make flood peak graph in water lev el control room be sinusoidal wave form.
The sinusoidal wave form driving means include be fixedly installed on water trough body top and intermeshing gear wheel and
Little gear, little gear is connected with motor, be fixedly connected with the central point of gear wheel one along gear wheel be radially arranged it is short
Connecting rod, the other end of the short connecting rod is hinged with a long connecting rod, and the other end of long connecting rod is provided with one with lifting piston top
The connector being connected.
Hand piston is provided with the Groundwater Control case, by the height for controlling hand piston, underground can be adjusted
Constant water level in water management case.
The top droop of the river leaching beach model is arranged, and towards the river of dividing plate side the highly minimum of beach model is soaked.
It is a kind of for study flood pulsed drive subsurface flow exchange simulation test model equipment using method, including with
Lower step：
The first step, groundwater level control：By the nourishment source for adjusting Groundwater Control case, make in Groundwater Control case
Groundwater level keep it is constant；
Second step, surface water supply in water lev el control room：Intake by the extra feed tank in upstream surface water supply system
Mouthful, feed surface water into water lev el control room；Now, lifting piston is located at the bottom of the first vertical slot, the height of lifting piston
Initial water level as in water lev el control room；
3rd step, lifting piston rises：Under the driving of sinusoidal wave form driving means, lifting piston rises, water lev el control
Indoor flood peak by the sluicing gathering sill at the top of lifting piston to the indoor discharge that sluices so that the flood peak in water lev el control room
Graph is presented and is changed to highest head from the lowest water head in sinusoidal waveform profile；
4th step, the flood peak graph in water lev el control room reaches highest head：Lifting piston persistently rises, and works as sine wave
When shape driving means drive lifting piston to rise to peak, the flood peak graph in water lev el control room reaches highest head；Rise
Height of the maximum height that drop piston rises less than lifting piston；
5th step, lifting piston declines, and under the driving of sinusoidal wave form driving means, lifting piston declines, water lev el control
Indoor flood peak graph is presented and is changed to the lowest water head from highest head in sinusoidal waveform profile；
6th step, the flood peak graph in water lev el control room recovers to initial water level：Lifting piston continuous decrease, works as sine
When drive waveform device drives lifting piston to drop to minimum point, the flood peak graph in water lev el control room recovers to initial water
Position；
7th step, repeats the 3rd step to the 6th step：Lifting piston is periodically lifted, and makes the flood peak in water lev el control room
Graph is rendered as sinusoidal waveform profile；
8th step, calculates the undercurrent exchange capacity of surface and ground water.
In the second step, the water source flow of extra feed tank water inlet is in upstream surface water supply system：
In formula, Q is the water source flow of extra feed tank water inlet, and T is the cycle of flood peak graph in water lev el control room, and H is
The highest head of flood peak graph in water lev el control room, L is the length of water trough body, and S is the width of water trough body.
In 4th step, the highest head computational methods of flood peak graph are as follows in water lev el control room：
In formula, H be water lev el control room in flood peak graph highest head, h1For the height of lifting piston, a is short connecting rod
Length, b for long connecting rod length.
The computing formula of motor speed is in the sinusoidal wave form driving means：
In formula, n is motor speed, and R is gear wheel radius, and r is little gear radius, and T is flood peak process in water lev el control room
The cycle of line.
In 8th step, the undercurrent exchange capacity between surface and ground water, namely Groundwater Control case and river leaching beach
Undercurrent exchange capacity between model, be：QIt is latent=QGo out-QEnter
In formula, QIt is latentFor the undercurrent exchange capacity between surface and ground water, QGo outRepresent that subsoil water goes out in Groundwater Control case
The discharge at the mouth of a river, QEnterThe influx of nourishment source in Groundwater Control case is represented, works as QIt is latentIt is on the occasion of showing surface water to underground
Water is drained, QIt is latentShow recharge of ground water surface water for negative value.
After the present invention is using said structure and using method, have the advantages that：
1. change the making pattern of traditionally downstream water circular integration simulation test model, make upstream surface water and under
Swim low water and there is independent control system.
2. the setting of above-mentioned flood pulse driving device, make water potential in water trough body according to specific flood peak graph into
Ratio ground is adjusted, and realizes flood pulsed drive effect in water lev el control room.
3. the change of upstream surface water bit period, will carry out non-submersion-be partially flooded with-total flooding-to alluvial flat model
- circulation undercurrent the exchange process of non-submersion is partially flooded with, beach undercurrent is closely flooded naturally and is exchanged situation.
4. periodic waveform driving means can also be triangular wave driving means such that it is able to sine-shaped basis again
On, the impact that the different current waveforms of comparison are exchanged undercurrent.
5. above-mentioned Groundwater Control case can keep constant water level, while manually piston can be carried out by adjustably lower perseverance
Determine water level to simulate surface water excretion, two kinds of situations of recharge groundwater.
6. general undercurrent exchange test can not directly calculate undercurrent exchange capacity, can only show that undercurrent is exchanged relatively strong
Degree, and this device can calculate each moment corresponding undercurrent exchange capacity according to related Monitoring Data, form undercurrent exchange capacity week
Phase change curve, this provides important foundation for the research of flood pulse undercurrent exchange mechanism.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows that the present invention is a kind of for studying the simulation test model equipment of flood pulsed drive subsurface flow exchange
Structural representation；
Fig. 2 shows the location drawing of lifting piston and sinusoidal wave form driving means in initial time in the present invention；
Fig. 3 shows the location drawing of lifting piston and sinusoidal wave form driving means at middle certain moment in the present invention；
Fig. 4 shows the location drawing of lifting piston and sinusoidal wave form driving means in highest head in the present invention；
Fig. 5 shows the location drawing of lifting piston and sinusoidal wave form driving means at the last moment in the present invention；
Fig. 6 shows the enlarged diagram of Fig. 1 median septums.
Wherein have：10. water trough body；11. water lev el control rooms；Soak beach model in 111. rivers；112. nylon geotextile；113. just
Beginning water level；12. sluicing rooms；20. dividing plates；21. vertical chutes；211. first vertical slots；212. second vertical slots；22. through slots；
30. upstream surface water supply systems；31. extra feed tanks；32. extra feed tank water inlets；33. extra feed tank outlets；34. flows
Meter；35. water circulating pumps；40. downstream descend water control system；41. Groundwater Control casees；42. nourishment sourcves；43. subsoil water go out
The mouth of a river；50. sinusoidal wave form driving means；51. lifting pistons；511. sluicing gathering sills；512. iron wire；52. little gears；521. ferrum
Pallet；53. gear wheels；531. central point；532. short connecting rod；533. long connecting rod.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further detailed explanation with concrete better embodiment.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of simulation test model equipment for studying the exchange of flood pulsed drive subsurface flow, including water
Groove body 10, upstream surface water supply system 30, downstream descend water control system 40 and flood pulse driving device.
The length size of water trough body 10 is respectively 2m, 0.15m, 1m.Here, the width design of water trough body 10 compared with
It is narrow, there are following two reasons：One is that two are advantageous for the effective of upstream earth's surface water level in order to preferably simulating two-dimensional undercurrent is exchanged
Adjust.
One piece of dividing plate 20 is provided with water trough body 10, water trough body 10 is partitioned into water lev el control room 11 by the dividing plate 20
With sluicing room 12..
Leaching beach model 111 in river is provided with water lev el control room 11, the top droop of the river leaching beach model 111 is arranged, and is inclined
The gradient is preferably 0.143.As shown in figure 1, towards the side of dividing plate 20 river leaching beach model 111 (namely river soak beach model 111 a left side
Side) highly minimum, preferably 0.6m, then river leaching beach model 111 right side is highly preferred for 0.8m, and upstream and downstream length is preferably
1.4m.The left side of river leaching beach model 111 is preferably provided with nylon geotextile 112, can prevent the filler stream in alluvial flat model 111
Lose.The filler of river leaching beach model 111 is preferably mixed with the less clay of infiltration coefficient with quartz sand, and porosity is after mixing
0.25, dry density is 1.6.
As shown in fig. 6, being provided with a vertical vertical chute 21 in dividing plate 20, the vertical chute 21 includes being located at bottom
The first vertical slot 211 and superposed second vertical slot 212.Respectively set on the dividing plate 20 of the both sides of the second vertical slot 212
A through slot 22 is equipped with, two through slots 22 can be connected the second vertical slot 212 with water lev el control room 11 and sluicing room 12.
Upstream surface water supply system 30 includes an extra feed tank 31, wherein, extra feed tank water inlet 32 and water level control
The bottom of room processed 11 is connected, and extra feed tank outlet 33 is connected with sluicing room 12.On the place pipeline of extra feed tank outlet 33
It is additionally provided with effusion meter 34 and water circulating pump 35.Upstream surface water supply system 30 is integrally formed a upstream surface water cycle system
System, the nourishment source of position control room 11 of constantly feeding water, and make-up flow need to be sufficiently large during water level rises, it is necessary to more than tank
The volume that the unit interval of body 10 increases.When the water level descends, upstream surface water supply system 30 does not then need work.
Water control system 40 is downstream descended to include a Groundwater Control case 41 for being arranged at the side of water trough body 10, underground
Water management case 41 preferably adopts lucite material.Water level in Groundwater Control case 41 can keep constant, and underground water control
Undercurrent can be carried out between case processed 41 and river leaching beach model 111 to exchange.
Groundwater Control case 41 and river leaching beach model 111 between can carry out undercurrent exchanges setting optimal way be：Underground
The left side of water management case 41 is connected with river leaching beach model 111, and centre nylon geotextile 112 is separated by, and only allows water to pass through.Subsoil water
The right side of control chamber 41 is provided with nourishment source 42 and subsoil water outlet 43.
Hand piston is preferably provided with subsoil water outlet 43, by adjusting hand piston, so as to adjust subsoil water
Initial constant level of ground water in control chamber 41, to meet no operating condition of test.In addition, also setting up in subsoil water outlet 43
There is graduated cylinder, can be used to receive the water yield for flowing out.
The method that water level in Groundwater Control case 41 keeps constant is：When surface water recharge groundwater, unnecessary water
Flow out from subsoil water outlet 43, subsoil water keeps constant；It is to ensure ground when subsoil water is in certain time period supply surface water
Lower water is constant, water source needed for underground water tank sustaining supply need to be given from nourishment source 42, to keep subsoil water constant.
Flood pulse driving device includes that the lifting piston 51 being arranged in vertical chute 21 and a cycle waveform drive
Dynamic device.
The outer surface of lifting piston 51 can coordinate with the sealing of the inner surface of vertical chute 21, such as lifting piston 51 with it is vertical
Filled with encapsulants such as waterstops between chute 21.
The height of lifting piston 51 is highly equal with the first vertical slot 211, and the top of lifting piston 51 is from water lev el control
The sluicing gathering sill 511 of sluicing room 12 is stretched in room 11.So, the height of lifting piston 51, also as in water lev el control room 11
Initial water level 113.When lifting piston 51 rises, lifting piston 51 can be by the part of through slot 22 of the both sides of the second vertical slot 212
Closure, the flood peak for guiding the top of water lev el control room 11 quickly flows out from sluicing gathering sill 511, so that in water lev el control room 11
Flood peak graph is presented and periodically changed.
The top of lifting piston 51 is connected with periodic waveform driving means, and lifting piston 51 can drive in periodic waveform
Periodically lifted under the driving of dynamic device, the flood peak graph in water lev el control room 11 is presented and periodically changes.
Above-mentioned periodic waveform driving means are preferably sinusoidal wave form driving means 50, but it is also possible to for triangular waveform.Rise
Drop piston 51 can periodically be lifted under the driving of sinusoidal wave form driving means 50, make the flood peak in water lev el control room 11
Graph is sinusoidal wave form.
Sinusoidal wave form driving means 50 include being fixedly installed on the top of water trough body 10 and intermeshing gear wheel 53
With little gear 52, little gear 52 and motor, preferred motor is connected, used as driving wheel.Gear wheel 53, little gear 52 and electricity
Machine is preferably fixed on iron stand 521.
A short connecting rod 532 being radially arranged along gear wheel 53 is fixedly connected with the central point 531 of gear wheel 53, this is short
The other end of connecting rod 532 is hinged with a long connecting rod 533, and the other end of long connecting rod 533 is provided with one and pushes up with lifting piston 51
The connector that portion is connected.The connector is preferably iron wire 512, but it is also possible to which for steel wire, copper wire etc., other hardness preferably connect
Relay part.
The model equipment of the application, according to related Monitoring Data, can calculate each moment corresponding undercurrent exchange capacity,
Undercurrent exchange capacity mechanical periodicity curve is formed, this provides important foundation for the research of flood pulse undercurrent exchange mechanism.
It is a kind of for study flood pulsed drive subsurface flow exchange simulation test model equipment using method, including with
Lower step：
The first step, groundwater level control：By the nourishment source for adjusting Groundwater Control case, make in Groundwater Control case
Groundwater level keep it is constant.
Second step, surface water supply in water lev el control room：Intake by the extra feed tank in upstream surface water supply system
Mouthful, feed surface water into water lev el control room；As shown in Fig. 2 now, lifting piston is located at the bottom of the first vertical slot, lifting
The height of piston is the initial water level in water lev el control room.
3rd step, lifting piston rises：As shown in figure 3, under the driving of sinusoidal wave form driving means, on lifting piston
Rise, the flood peak in water lev el control room by the sluicing gathering sill at the top of lifting piston to the indoor discharge that sluices so that water level control
The indoor flood peak graph of system is presented and is changed to highest head from the lowest water head in sinusoidal waveform profile.
4th step, the flood peak graph in water lev el control room reaches highest head：Lifting piston persistently rises, and works as sine wave
When shape driving means drive lifting piston to rise to peak, as shown in figure 4, the flood peak graph in water lev el control room reaches most
High water head；Height of the maximum height that lifting piston rises less than lifting piston.
5th step, lifting piston declines, and under the driving of sinusoidal wave form driving means, lifting piston declines, water lev el control
Indoor flood peak graph is presented and is changed to the lowest water head from highest head in sinusoidal waveform profile.
6th step, the flood peak graph in water lev el control room recovers to initial water level：As shown in figure 5, lifting piston continues
Decline, when sinusoidal wave form driving means drive lifting piston to drop to minimum point, the flood peak graph in water lev el control room is extensive
Again to initial water level.
7th step, repeats the 3rd step to the 6th step：Lifting piston is periodically lifted, and makes the flood peak in water lev el control room
Graph is rendered as sinusoidal waveform profile.
8th step, calculates the undercurrent exchange capacity of surface and ground water.
In above-mentioned steps, it is shown that the whole cycle of test run.Wherein, in the front half period of test run, water level
Constantly rise by sine curve, gradually flood alluvial flat, undercurrent exchanges that intensity is corresponding to scope to be increased；In second half of the cycle, water
Position is still declined by sine curve, and alluvial flat gradually appears, and undercurrent exchanges that intensity is corresponding to scope to be reduced；In the whole test period
Interior, water level is proportionally changed by specific flood hydrograph, and undercurrent exchanges intensity and scope respective change therewith, main drive
For water-level fluctuation, as flood pulse.
The close sine curve of trend of the flood peak graph in water lev el control room 11, therefore, according to the following equation in just
Chord curve adjusts earth's surface water level.
In formula, h is the head that earth's surface water level is lifted with time t；H is the highest water of flood peak graph in water lev el control room
Head.
Earth's surface water level elevation rate curve is obtained to above-mentioned sine curve derivation is：
In the half period that water level rises, the initial t=0 moment is the rate of rise most fast moment, and corresponding speed is：
The most fast volume for then increasing in the unit interval of water lev el control room 11 is approximately：
To make the change synchronous with lifting piston 51 of water level in water lev el control room 11, make-up water in upstream surface water supply system
The water source flow of case water inlet is：
In formula, Q is the water source flow of extra feed tank water inlet, and T is the cycle of flood peak graph in water lev el control room, and H is
The highest head of flood peak graph in water lev el control room, L is the length of water trough body, and S is the width of water trough body.
Analysis understands that water trough body size is less with flood peak head, and the flood cycle is bigger with make-up flow, whole system water
The easier coordination of position lifting.
In addition, being designed by the height to short connecting rod 532, long connecting rod 533 and lifting piston 51, you can adjustment water level
The highest head of the indoor flood peak graph of control.The highest head that can be seen that flood peak graph from this device is less than
As shown in Fig. 2 initial time, the bottom of lifting piston 51 flushes with the bottom of water trough body 10, lifting piston 51
Height h1Also it is initial water level.At this moment, the central point of gear wheel is with a distance from long connecting rod lower extreme point, it is assumed that for S1, thenWhen lifting piston rises to peak, as shown in figure 4, long connecting rod and short connecting rod are in straight line, long connecting rod
Lower extreme point moves up a S2Distance, then lifting piston rise ultimate range beCause
This, the highest head of flood peak graph in water lev el control room is the ultimate range sum of initial water level and lifting piston rising,
I.e. computational methods are as follows：
In formula, H be water lev el control room in flood peak graph highest head, h1For the height of lifting piston, a is short connecting rod
Length, b for long connecting rod length.In addition, the ultimate range that above-mentioned lifting piston rises is less than the height of lifting piston, namely
The bottom of lifting piston is constantly in the first vertical slot 211.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, it is a flood cycle that gear wheel 53 rotates half cycle, corresponding lifting piston 51
One lifting is back and forth.According to the specific flood cycle, you can the computing formula for extrapolating motor speed is：
In formula, n is motor speed, and R is gear wheel radius, and r is little gear radius, and T is flood peak process in water lev el control room
The cycle of line.
Between undercurrent exchange capacity between surface and ground water, namely Groundwater Control case 41 and river leaching beach model 111
Undercurrent exchange capacity, undercurrent exchange capacity is calculated for convenience, water inlet will be kept always with constant flow rate nourishment source, calculate public
Formula is：
QIt is latent=QGo out-QEnter
In formula, QIt is latentFor the undercurrent exchange capacity between surface and ground water, QGo outRepresent that subsoil water goes out in Groundwater Control case
The discharge at the mouth of a river, QEnterThe influx of nourishment source in Groundwater Control case is represented, works as QIt is latentIt is on the occasion of showing surface water to underground
Water is drained, QIt is latentShow recharge of ground water surface water for negative value.
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
All should be included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with scope of the claims
It is defined.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of simulation test model equipment for studying the exchange of flood pulsed drive subsurface flow, including water trough body, upstream
Surface water supply system and downstream descend water control system, it is characterised in that：Also include flood pulse driving device, wherein：
--- one piece of dividing plate is provided with the water trough body, water trough body is partitioned into water lev el control room and sluicing by the dividing plate
Room, is provided with river leaching beach model in water lev el control room；
--- a vertical vertical chute is provided with the dividing plate, the vertical chute includes being located at the first vertical slot of bottom
With superposed second vertical slot；A through slot, two insertions are each provided with the dividing plate of the second vertical slot both sides
Groove can be connected the second vertical slot with water lev el control room and sluicing room；
--- the upstream surface water supply system includes an extra feed tank, wherein, extra feed tank water inlet and water lev el control
Room bottom is connected, and extra feed tank outlet is connected with sluicing room；
--- it is described downstream to descend water control system to include a Groundwater Control case for being arranged at water trough body side, the underground
Water level in water management case can keep constant, and can carry out undercurrent and exchange between Groundwater Control case and river leaching beach model；
--- the flood pulse driving device includes that the lifting piston being arranged in vertical chute and periodic waveform drive dress
Put；
--- the outer surface of the lifting piston can coordinate with the sealing of the inner surface of vertical chute, the height of lifting piston and first
Vertical slot it is highly equal, be provided with the top of lifting piston from water lev el control room and stretch to the sluicing gathering sill of sluicing room；
--- the top of lifting piston is connected with periodic waveform driving means, and lifting piston can drive in periodic waveform and fill
Periodically lifted under the driving put, the flood peak graph in water lev el control room is presented and periodically changes.
2. according to claim 1 for studying the simulation test model equipment that flood pulsed drive subsurface flow is exchanged, its
It is characterised by：The periodic waveform driving means are sinusoidal wave form driving means, and lifting piston can drive in sinusoidal wave form and fill
Periodically lifted under the driving put, make the flood peak graph in water lev el control room be sinusoidal wave form.
3. according to claim 2 for studying the simulation test model equipment that flood pulsed drive subsurface flow is exchanged, its
It is characterised by：The sinusoidal wave form driving means include be fixedly installed on water trough body top and intermeshing gear wheel and
Little gear, little gear is connected with motor, be fixedly connected with the central point of gear wheel one along gear wheel be radially arranged it is short
Connecting rod, the other end of the short connecting rod is hinged with a long connecting rod, and the other end of long connecting rod is provided with one with lifting piston top
The connector being connected.
4. according to claim 1 for studying the simulation test model equipment that flood pulsed drive subsurface flow is exchanged, its
It is characterised by：Hand piston is provided with the Groundwater Control case, by the height for controlling hand piston, underground can be adjusted
Constant water level in water management case.
5. according to claim 1 for studying the simulation test model equipment that flood pulsed drive subsurface flow is exchanged, its
It is characterised by：The top droop of the river leaching beach model is arranged, and towards the river of dividing plate side the highly minimum of beach model is soaked.
6. a kind of using method for studying the simulation test model equipment of flood pulsed drive subsurface flow exchange, its feature exists
In：Comprise the following steps：
The first step, groundwater level control：By the nourishment source for adjusting Groundwater Control case, the ground in Groundwater Control case is made
Lower water water level keeps constant；
Second step, surface water supply in water lev el control room：By the extra feed tank water inlet in upstream surface water supply system, to
Surface water is fed in water lev el control room；Now, lifting piston is located at the bottom of the first vertical slot, and the height of lifting piston is water
The indoor initial water level of position control；
3rd step, lifting piston rises：Under the driving of sinusoidal wave form driving means, lifting piston rises, in water lev el control room
Flood peak by the sluicing gathering sill at the top of lifting piston to the indoor discharge that sluices so that the flood peak process in water lev el control room
Line is presented and is changed to highest head from the lowest water head in sinusoidal waveform profile；
4th step, the flood peak graph in water lev el control room reaches highest head：Lifting piston persistently rises, when sinusoidal wave form drives
When dynamic device drives lifting piston to rise to peak, the flood peak graph in water lev el control room reaches highest head；Lifting is lived
Height of the maximum height for rising beyond the Great Wall less than lifting piston；
5th step, lifting piston declines, and under the driving of sinusoidal wave form driving means, lifting piston declines, in water lev el control room
Flood peak graph present sinusoidal waveform profile in be changed to the lowest water head from highest head；
6th step, the flood peak graph in water lev el control room recovers to initial water level：Lifting piston continuous decrease, works as sinusoidal wave form
When driving means drive lifting piston to drop to minimum point, the flood peak graph in water lev el control room recovers to initial water level；
7th step, repeats the 3rd step to the 6th step：Lifting piston is periodically lifted, and makes the flood peak process in water lev el control room
Line is rendered as sinusoidal waveform profile；
8th step, calculates the undercurrent exchange capacity of surface and ground water.
7. the simulation test model equipment for studying the exchange of flood pulsed drive subsurface flow according to claim 6 makes
With method, it is characterised in that：In the second step, the water source flow of extra feed tank water inlet in upstream surface water supply system
For：
In formula, Q is the water source flow of extra feed tank water inlet, and T is the cycle of flood peak graph in water lev el control room, and H is water level
The highest head of the indoor flood peak graph of control, L is the length of water trough body, and S is the width of water trough body.
8. the simulation test model equipment for studying the exchange of flood pulsed drive subsurface flow according to claim 7 makes
With method, it is characterised in that：In 4th step, the highest head computational methods of flood peak graph are as follows in water lev el control room：
In formula, H be water lev el control room in flood peak graph highest head, h1For the height of lifting piston, a is the length of short connecting rod
Degree, b is the length of long connecting rod.
9. the simulation test model equipment for studying the exchange of flood pulsed drive subsurface flow according to claim 6 makes
With method, it is characterised in that：The computing formula of motor speed is in the sinusoidal wave form driving means：
In formula, n is motor speed, and R is gear wheel radius, and r is little gear radius, and T is flood peak graph in water lev el control room
Cycle.
10. the simulation test model equipment for studying the exchange of flood pulsed drive subsurface flow according to claim 6
Using method, it is characterised in that：In 8th step, the undercurrent exchange capacity between surface and ground water, namely underground water control
Undercurrent exchange capacity between case processed and river leaching beach model, be：QIt is latent=QGo out-QEnter
In formula, QIt is latentFor the undercurrent exchange capacity between surface and ground water, QGo outRepresent subsoil water outlet in Groundwater Control case
Discharge, QEnterThe influx of nourishment source in Groundwater Control case is represented, works as QIt is latentBe on the occasion of show surface water to subsoil water arrange
Let out, QIt is latentShow recharge of ground water surface water for negative value.
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| CN105606495B (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2018-06-19 | 河海大学 | A kind of experimental provision and its implementation of field measurement undercurrent exchange capacity |
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| CN107063632B (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2023-04-28 | 江西省水利科学院(江西省大坝安全管理中心、江西省水资源管理中心) | Experimental method of river bed vertical subsurface flow exchange test device driven by periodic pulsating pressure |
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| CN110608977B (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2021-04-06 | 河海大学 | Measuring method for lateral undercurrent exchange in indoor simulation natural river course evolution process |
| CN110455686B (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2021-04-27 | 河海大学 | Undercurrent exchange simulation measurement method under different groundwater supply conditions |
| CN112484958A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-03-12 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Subsurface flow zone solute transport research sand tank model capable of changing underground water underflow |
| CN113820097A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-12-21 | 西安理工大学 | Test device and test method for researching river bank zone undercurrent exchange |
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| JPH1038750A (en) * | 1996-07-24 | 1998-02-13 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Test water tank |
| JPH11305648A (en) * | 1998-04-22 | 1999-11-05 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Flood damage rescue simulation device |
| CN101713175B (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2011-05-25 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | High sediment concentration waterflood river bed tearing simulation test method |
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| CN203338666U (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2013-12-11 | 安徽理工大学 | Confined-unconfined aquifer experiment simulation device |
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