CN106124160A - A kind of Tunnel Base structure pump-absorb action analog - Google Patents
A kind of Tunnel Base structure pump-absorb action analog Download PDFInfo
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- CN106124160A CN106124160A CN201610659580.4A CN201610659580A CN106124160A CN 106124160 A CN106124160 A CN 106124160A CN 201610659580 A CN201610659580 A CN 201610659580A CN 106124160 A CN106124160 A CN 106124160A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Tunnel Base structure pump-absorb action analog, the communicating passage arranged on the left side catch basin being fixedly installed respectively including main body proof box, both sides and right side catch basin and altogether wall, train load analog is fixed on, and water head tank is hung by pulley and water UNICOM detachable with left side catch basin；Main body proof box bottom takes up country rock simulation material, and top takes up underlying structure simulation material, and two material bonding cracks are positioned at communicating passage outlet, bury detection device in bonding crack underground.Different hydrogeologic conditions residing for the present invention preferably simulation tunnel underlying structure, including water rich strata, aquifer water-bearing stratum and anhydrous stratum；When realizing that Tunnel Base structure is at substrate country rock existing defects under different hydrogeologic conditions, the simulation of " the structure dynamic load country rock water " pump-absorb action under Train induced load effect, the research train dynamic action to Tunnel Base structure, thus better ensure that safety and the economy of Tunnel Base structure.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Design of Railway Tunnel and building technology field, especially belong to be applied to substrate in tunnel operation stage
Structure under train effect, the model test apparatus of pump-absorb action under country rock defect and subsoil water dynamic loading.
Background technology
When pump-absorb action refers to Tunnel Base structure because being affected by the load that train is bigger, to underlying structure and country rock
Between subsoil water produce dynamic action, subsoil water under the influence of Train induced load, country rock is washed away make country rock formed defect,
The generation of country rock defect and development can affect stress performance and the long-term safety stability of underlying structure, make underlying structure pumping
Cognitive not enough, tunnel long-term safety stability can be produced heavy duty and threaten.
The formation and development rule shortage of this Tunnel Base structure pump-absorb action is understood in depth by people.By setting up tunnel
Road underlying structure pump-absorb action analog carries out underlying structure in tunnel structure operation and encloses with bottom under train dynamics effect
Rock and ground water pressure inhale alternately dynamic trait model test, show that Tunnel Base structure is under different hydrogeologic conditions to analyze
Existing defects, Train induced load acts on the pump-absorb action principle and country rock granule leakage and rule produced in underlying structure
Rule, to the design of Tunnel Base structure, construct and run the phase experimental basis is provided steadily in the long term, there is highly important meaning
Justice.
Existing Tunnel Base structure groundwater effect analog systems is mainly hydrostatic pressure analog systems, high by head
Degree adjusting apparatus carries out different water pressure loading simulations to the defect country rock analog material in proof box, and it only accounts for hydrostatic
Force value.Existing method and system is generally used for vcehicular tunnel and the less situation of railway tunnel bullet train dynamic load, it is impossible to
Consider and simulation tunnel bears big axle weight, under underlying structure pump-absorb action during high rate of traffic flow, particularly train dynamics effect
Bottom country rock and the affecting laws of subsoil water alternating action, its existing method and system more cannot run process by simulation tunnel for a long time
The phenomenon that middle bottom country rock development of defects under pump-absorb action and country rock granule run off.
At present, the domestic analog still lacked about Tunnel Base structure pump-absorb action, its design and the hydrostatic simulated
Pressure situation is simple, and the hydrostatic pressure form of simulation is single, simulates the pump-absorb action under the dynamic loading of underlying structure and is subject to
To limiting greatly；Meanwhile, its simulation process cannot consider to underlying structure dynamic action, have ignored the heavy load of big axle
The impact of train, there is difference in the dynamic action for the most domestic heavy haul railway Tunnel Base structure subsoil water greatly developed
The distortion of degree；Principle and rule that in water rich strata, substrate country rock granule loses cannot be simulated with underground hydraulic current.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves weak point of the prior art, disclose a kind of Tunnel Base structure pump-absorb action simulation dress
Put, the different hydrogeologic conditions residing for this device preferably simulation tunnel underlying structure, including water rich strata, aquifer water-bearing stratum and
Anhydrous stratum；When realizing that Tunnel Base structure is at substrate country rock existing defects under different hydrogeologic conditions, Train induced load
The simulation of " structure-dynamic load-country rock-water " pump-absorb action under Zuo Yong, studies the train dynamic action to Tunnel Base structure,
Analyze underlying structure pump-absorb action form under different hydrogeologic conditions and country rock granule loss principle, setting for tunnel
Count, construct and run the test basis that the long-time stability offer of phase is relatively reliable, thus better ensure that Tunnel Base structure
Safety and economy.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Tunnel Base structure pump-absorb action analog, it is characterised in that: include main body proof box, left side catch basin, the right side
Side catch basin, train load analog, water head tank and testing stand；
Main body proof box both sides are fixedly installed left side catch basin and right side catch basin respectively, and test is fixed in main body proof box
On platform, testing stand is consolidated in ground, and train load analog is fixed in main body proof box, and water head tank is hung also by pulley
Water UNICOM detachable with left side catch basin；
Left side catch basin with on main body proof box common wall, right side catch basin the most all has on main body proof box common wall
Along wall arrange longitudinal seam as communicating passage；
Main body proof box bottom takes up country rock simulation material, and top takes up underlying structure simulation material, country rock simulation material
It is positioned at communicating passage outlet with underlying structure simulation material bonding crack, bonding crack can be buried underground the detection end member device of detection device
Part.
Described country rock simulation material may select the Grades of Surrounding Rock that different materials is different with match ratio simulation, and country rock is simulated
Material includes: Gypsum Fibrosum, water, sand, blanc fixe etc..During filling, every 13cm mono-layer is allocated as at least 2 times and loads, and has loaded every time
Interlayer shaving after finishing, it is to avoid layering, the unit weight requirement making country rock simulation material reach demand of the most manually vibrating 20 times.
Described underlying structure simulation material may select the concrete of the different materials label different with match ratio simulation, base
Bottom structure simulation material includes: Gypsum Fibrosum, water, sand, kieselguhr etc..Demand is made according to pouring into mould after certain match ratio mix
Shape.
Described communicating passage is flare structure, and main body proof box end opening is more than tank entrance.
Described train load analog is scalable vibrator.
Described main body proof box, left side catch basin, right side catch basin and water head tank are the inside that transparent material is made
Visual structure.
The detection device that the present invention uses includes earth pressure gauge, WG, static strain Acquisition Instrument or dynamic strain
Acquisition Instrument.
Described main body proof box, left side catch basin, right side catch basin and water head tank are total enclosing structure.
Generally Tunnel Base structure is filled by the inverted arch in tunnel and inverted arch structure forms, and between bottom surface and country rock
Portion void is had on contact surface；Country rock simulation material of the present invention is mixed according to different proportion by Gypsum Fibrosum, sand, Iron Ore Powder and water
Matched moulds intends the country rock of different stage；Underlying structure simulation material is carried out mix by Gypsum Fibrosum, sand and water according to different proportion and makes
Difformity, the heavy haul railway Tunnel Base structure of different concrete grade can be simulated.
Detection device can be the miniature earth pressure gauge of test, or test Miniature water piezometer, or both are simultaneously
Use；The test components and parts of detection device are arranged between country rock simulation material and underlying structure simulation material, adopt with quiet change instrument
Water pressure and the Changing Pattern of soil pressure in collection record process of the test.
Both sides catch basin can be the total enclosing catch basin made by poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, is fixedly arranged at about main body proof box two
Side, is used for providing simulated groundwater for the described country rock simulation material in main body proof box and underlying structure simulation material.
On the sidewall that both sides catch basin is connected with main body proof box, at country rock simulation material and underlying structure simulation material
Between the gap position left and right sides be provided with a breach as water and country rock simulation material soil particle passage.
Country rock simulation material soil particle passage uses flare structure, and the water pressure of catch basin side can be made slightly larger than main
Body proof box side prevents described country rock analog material soil particle from refluxing.
Both sides catch basin, on the right side of selection or left side catch basin connects the most high-order water of high hydraulic analogue device by water pipe
Groove.The opening of water pipe junction equally selects flare to make water pipe side hydraulic pressure higher than catch basin, and described country rock is similar
Material soil particle does not enter water pipe.
High hydraulic analogue uses and includes that water head tank, connecting water pipe and fixed pulley structure realize, by a pulley lifting high position
Tank realizes different water injection pressures.
The present invention can realize experimental simulation research under simulated high-pressure, aqueous, anhydrous condition.A water under high pressure analog i.e. high position
Tank when underlying structure being carried out aquifer water-bearing stratum and anhydrous stratum simulation study, detachably need not, now, to both sides catch basin
Interior water filling, utilizes law of connected vessels to simulate aquifer water-bearing stratum, or keeps described both sides catch basin to be dried the anhydrous stratum of simulation.
Train load analog selects adjustable small-sized vibrator to be simulated, and small-sized vibrator can be by motor electricity
Machine and eccentric composition, the heavy haul train dynamic load that can simulate output the heaviest by regulation rotating speed is similar to underlying structure
Material forms dynamic action, and then makes simulated groundwater wash away country rock analog material formation pump-absorb action.
Train load analog is fixed on end face in main body proof box.Train load analog can set as required
Put multiple stage.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) assay device use have visual transparent configuration, it is possible to be clearly seen that country rock granule with subsoil water flowing and
Bottom country rock law of development of defect under subsoil water souring.The heavy haul train dynamic load of the simulation power to underlying structure
The phenomenon that effect and bottom country rock granule run off is more directly perceived,
(2) when simulating water rich strata condition, sealed cistern also connects high hydraulic pressure analog, adjusts head height energy
Enough realize the environmental simulation under the conditions of water rich strata.When simulating aquifer water-bearing stratum condition, disconnect high hydraulic pressure analog, double
Side catch basin injects the underground water supply under the conditions of part water conservancy law of connected vessels ensures aquifer water-bearing stratum；In simulation anhydrously
During layer condition, bilateral catch basin and proof box can be kept to be dried the Train induced load simulated under anhydrous formation condition to underlying structure
Impact.
(3) varying strength, difference can be simulated by shape and the similar material mixture of underlying structure in amendment proof box
The underlying structure pump-absorb action of pattern.
(4) multiple stage is fixedly mounted by underlying structure analog material surface, as installed 2 train load analog bars
The most coaxially can weigh and the dynamic load of heavy haul train under speed per hour with the simulation tunnel operation phase under part, it is also possible to embody heavy haul train to tunnel
The dynamic action of road underlying structure；Stress condition, safety and the durability of operation tunnel underlying structure can also be analyzed, including
The generation of structural cracks, the development of bottom country rock defect, thus better ensure that safety and the economy in heavy haul railway tunnel.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is analog structural principle schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is A portion structure for amplifying schematic diagram in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is analog structure schematic top plan view of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that in Fig. 3, structural representation is sent out in B portion big.
In figure, 1 is main body proof box, and 2 is left side catch basin, and 3 is right side catch basin, and 4 is train load analog, 5
Being country rock simulation material, 6 is underlying structure simulation material, and 7 is water, and 8 is connecting water pipe, and 9 is water head tank, and 10 is water tank, 11
Being pulley, 12 is laboratory table, and 13 is communicating passage, and 14 is the high-order mouth of a river.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the present invention is further described, and detailed description of the invention is to enter the principle of the invention
One step explanation, limits the present invention never in any form, and technology same or like with the present invention is protected without departing from the present invention
Scope.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 4.
As it can be seen, Tunnel Base structure pump-absorb action analog, including main body proof box 1, left side catch basin 2, the right side
Side catch basin 3, train load analog 4, water head tank 9 and testing stand 12；
Main body proof box 1 both sides are fixedly installed left side catch basin 2 and right side catch basin 3 respectively, and main body proof box 1 is fixed on
On testing stand 12, testing stand 12 is consolidated in ground, and train load analog 4 is fixed in main body proof box 1, water head tank 9
Hung by pulley 11 and water UNICOM detachable with left side catch basin 2；
Left side catch basin 2 with on main body proof box 1 common wall, on right side catch basin 3 and main body proof box 1 common wall respectively
All have along wall arrange longitudinal seam as communicating passage 13；
Main body proof box 1 bottom takes up country rock simulation material 5, and top takes up underlying structure simulation material 6, country rock simulation material
Material 5 is positioned at communicating passage 13 with underlying structure simulation material 6 bonding crack and exports, and can bury the test side of detection device in bonding crack underground
Components and parts.
Country rock simulation material 5 may select the Grades of Surrounding Rock that different materials is different with match ratio simulation, and material includes: stone
Cream, water, sand, blanc fixe；During filling, every 13cm mono-layer, is allocated as at least 2 times and loads, and after loading, interlayer is scraped every time
Hair, it is to avoid layering, the unit weight requirement making country rock simulation material reach demand of the most manually vibrating 20 times.
Underlying structure simulation material 6 may select the concrete of the different materials label different with match ratio simulation, material
Including: Gypsum Fibrosum, water, sand, kieselguhr；The shape of demand is made according to pouring into mould after certain match ratio mix.
Communicating passage 13 is flare structure, and main body proof box 1 end opening is more than tank entrance.
Train load analog 4 is scalable vibrator.
Main body proof box 1, left side catch basin 2, right side catch basin 3 and water head tank 9 are the inside that transparent material is made
Visual structure.
The present invention detects device and includes earth pressure gauge, WG, static strain Acquisition Instrument and dynamic strain Acquisition Instrument.
Main body proof box 1, left side catch basin 2, right side catch basin 3 and water head tank 9 are total enclosing structure.
As it is shown in figure 1, Tunnel Base structure pump-absorb action analog, including main body proof box 1, left side catch basin 2, the right side
Side catch basin 3, train load analog 4, water head tank 9 and testing stand 12；
Main body proof box 1 both sides are fixedly installed left side catch basin 2 and right side catch basin 3 respectively, and main body proof box 1 is fixed on
On testing stand 12, testing stand is consolidated in ground, and train load analog 4 is fixed in main body proof box 1, water head tank 9 by
Pulley 11 hangs and detachably connects with water with left side catch basin 2；
Main body proof box bottom takes up country rock simulation material, and top takes up underlying structure simulation material, country rock simulation material
It is positioned at communicating passage outlet with underlying structure simulation material bonding crack, bonding crack can be buried underground the detection end member device of detection device
Part.
Country rock simulation material may select the Grades of Surrounding Rock that different materials is different with match ratio simulation, country rock simulation material bag
Include: Gypsum Fibrosum, water, sand, blanc fixe etc..During filling, every 13cm mono-layer is allocated as 2 times and loads, and after loading, interlayer is scraped every time
Hair, it is to avoid layering, the unit weight requirement making country rock simulation material reach demand of the most manually vibrating 20 times.
Underlying structure simulation material may select the concrete of the different materials label different with match ratio simulation, and substrate is tied
Structure simulation material includes: Gypsum Fibrosum, water, sand, kieselguhr etc..The shape of demand is made according to pouring into mould after certain match ratio mix
Shape.
Test components and parts can be the miniature earth pressure gauge of test, or test Miniature water piezometer, or both are same
Time use；Described test components and parts are arranged between described country rock analog material and underlying structure analog material, use static strain
Water pressure and the Changing Pattern of soil pressure in Acquisition Instrument or dynamic strain Acquisition Instrument acquisition and recording process of the test.
As in figure 2 it is shown, left side catch basin 2 with on main body proof box 1 common wall, right side catch basin shares with main body proof box
All have on wall along wall arrange longitudinal seam as water and country rock analog material soil particle passage A；
Water and country rock analog material soil particle passage A are flare structure, and main body proof box end opening is more than tank
Entrance.The water pressure that can make catch basin 2 side, left side prevents described country rock analog material 5 soil particle slightly larger than main body proof box 1 side
Backflow.
Water head tank 9 includes water tank 10, water pipe 8 and fixed pulley 11.Water head tank 9 is adopted by water pipe 8 with left side catch basin 2
Connect by dismountable mode.The opening B selection of described water pipe 8 junction is tubaeform makes water pipe 8 side hydraulic pressure higher than left side water-retention
Groove 2, country rock analog material 5 soil particle does not enter water pipe 8.Fixed pulley 11 is used for adjusting the height of described water tank 10, can be 0～3
Between meter, regulation makes described water head tank 9 can simulate different water pressure.
As shown in Figure 4, further, water under high pressure analog is carrying out aquifer water-bearing stratum and anhydrous stratum to underlying structure 6
During simulation study, can cancel described water under high pressure analog, only in left side catch basin 2, water filling utilizes law of connected vessels to simulate
Aquifer water-bearing stratum, or keep described left side catch basin 2 and right side catch basin 3 to be dried and simulate anhydrous stratum.
As it is shown on figure 3, train load analog 4 selects adjustable small-sized vibrator to be simulated, described is small-sized
Vibrator is made up of motor and eccentric, can simulate, by regulation rotating speed, the Train induced load that output is the heaviest；Row
Car Load Simulation device 4 is fixed on the end face of described underlying structure analog material 6, install 2 carry out difference be open to traffic right under parameter
The simulation of described underlying structure analog material 6.Or described small-sized vibrator also can be carried out by direct current generator and small-sized eccentric block
Make.
As desired main body proof box 1, country rock simulation material 5, underlying structure simulation material 6 and water head tank 9 are arranged
After, open train load analog 4, the Train induced load of condition rotating speed output demand.And then underlying structure simulation material
Material 6 produces vibration under dynamic loading thus impacts country rock simulation material 5, under power cycle repeated action, and base
Water between bottom structure simulation material 6 and country rock simulation material 5 can form tank 2 and right side water on the left of the higher water pressure flow direction
Groove 3 can be taken away the soil particle of country rock simulation material 5 and form pump-absorb action.
Claims (8)
1. a Tunnel Base structure pump-absorb action analog, it is characterised in that: include main body proof box (1), left side water-retention
Groove (2), right side catch basin (3), train load analog (4), water head tank (9) and testing stand (12)；
Main body proof box (1) both sides are fixedly installed left side catch basin (2) and right side catch basin (3) respectively, and main body proof box (1) is solid
On testing stand (12), testing stand (12) is consolidated in ground, and train load analog (4) is fixed on main body proof box (1)
On, water head tank (9) is hung by pulley (11) and water UNICOM detachable with left side catch basin (2)；
Left side catch basin (2) with on main body proof box (1) common wall, on right side catch basin (3) and main body proof box (1) common wall
The most all have along wall arrange longitudinal seam as communicating passage (13)；
Main body proof box (1) bottom takes up country rock simulation material (5), and top takes up underlying structure simulation material (6), and country rock is simulated
Material (5) and underlying structure simulation material (6) bonding crack are positioned at communicating passage (13) outlet, can bury detection device in bonding crack underground
Test side components and parts.
Tunnel Base structure pump-absorb action analog the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described country rock is simulated
Material (5) selects the Grades of Surrounding Rock that different materials is different with match ratio simulation, and material includes: Gypsum Fibrosum, water, sand, blanc fixe；
During filling, every 13cm mono-layer, is allocated as at least 2 times and loads, interlayer shaving after every time loading, it is to avoid layering, the most manually
Vibrate 20 times the unit weight requirement making country rock simulation material reach demand.
Tunnel Base structure pump-absorb action analog the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described underlying structure
Simulation material (6) selects the concrete of the different label of different materials and match ratio simulation, and material includes: Gypsum Fibrosum, water, sand,
Kieselguhr；The shape of demand is made according to pouring into mould after certain match ratio mix.
Tunnel Base structure pump-absorb action analog the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described communicating passage
(13) being flare structure, main body proof box (1) end opening is more than tank entrance.
Tunnel Base structure pump-absorb action analog the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described train lotus
Carrying analog (4) is scalable vibrator.
Tunnel Base structure pump-absorb action analog the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described main body is tested
Case (1), left side catch basin (2), right side catch basin (3) and water head tank (9) are the interior visible structure that transparent material is made.
7. according to the Tunnel Base structure pump-absorb action analog described in any one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that: institute
State detection device and include earth pressure gauge, WG, static strain Acquisition Instrument and dynamic strain Acquisition Instrument.
Tunnel Base structure pump-absorb action analog the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: described main body is tested
Case (1), left side catch basin (2), right side catch basin (3) and water head tank (9) are total enclosing structure.
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| CN108426706A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-08-21 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of high hydraulic pressure area shield formula TBM Segments Design test-beds |
| CN111983191A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-24 | 中铁二十局集团有限公司 | Tunnel excavation gushing water simulation device and simulation method |
| CN113593380A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-02 | 范国来 | Water conservancy pump station design atress analogue means |
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| CN108426706A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-08-21 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of high hydraulic pressure area shield formula TBM Segments Design test-beds |
| CN108426706B (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2023-10-17 | 西南交通大学 | Shield type TBM tunnel segment design test bench for high water pressure area |
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