CN104686045B - A kind of distributed tide irrigation cultivation system - Google Patents
A kind of distributed tide irrigation cultivation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104686045B CN104686045B CN201510113587.1A CN201510113587A CN104686045B CN 104686045 B CN104686045 B CN 104686045B CN 201510113587 A CN201510113587 A CN 201510113587A CN 104686045 B CN104686045 B CN 104686045B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of distributed tide irrigation cultivation system, including liquid storage tank, liquid manure conveying mechanism and planting container；Liquid manure conveying mechanism includes immersible pump, to liquid pipeline and liquid back pipe road；Immersible pump is placed in bottom liquid storage tank, and is connected with to liquid pipeline；Described connect with the inside of planting container to the other end of liquid pipeline；It is provided with to hydraulic control valve to liquid pipeline；Liquid back pipe road sign height is in liquid pipeline；Described liquid back pipe road is provided with discharge opeing control valve；Also including overflow passage, described overflow passage one end is with described to connecting to the part between hydraulic control valve with planting container on liquid pipeline, and the other end connects with part between discharge opeing control valve and liquid storage tank on liquid back pipe road；What the spacing height of described overflow passage communicated therewith matches to the high level of the planting container corresponding to liquid pipeline.The automatically controlling of liquid manure liquid when present invention achieves irrigation, does not haves the liquid manure liquid phenomenon from planting container overflow.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant liquid fertilizer supply field, particularly to a kind of distributed tide irrigation cultivation system.
Background technology
Along with development in science and technology and social progress, irrigation method agriculturally is also by the most single flood irrigation mode rich and variedization, and the irrigation method such as sprinkling irrigation, drip irrigation, infiltrating irrigation is the most gradually widely used.
Wherein, the action principle of tidal irrigation is the tide of simulation ocean, the most just irrigation method crop once irrigated, existing tide irrigation mode mainly uses the mode of flood irrigation, liquid manure nutritional solution is directly inputted in large-area water storage bed, groove, in bed, groove, arrange planting container, make liquid manure hole turnover on container, then, after penetrating into the substrate in container or soil, unnecessary liquid manure nutritional solution is discharged by a period of time from discharging tube.
Above-mentioned tidal irrigation mode is only applicable to the plant (as nursery and small-sized potted flower are planted) needing high density to plant, at the upper container for plants that gathers of ground cultivation bed (bed), and the plane space in a groove need to be reduced as far as possible for reaching efficiently utilizing of facility investment.Otherwise, the liquid manure in bed groove inner plane space is exposed under greenhouse space environment, so under bump contact, dust, dead leaf, pathogenic bacteria and insecticide etc. are very easily lumped together with liquid manure with irrigation water lifting, increase cleaning, the technical difficulty filtering, sterilizing first, second the volatilization of liquid manure large area causes waste, and three water volatilizations add chamber humidity, are unfavorable for pest and disease damage prevention and control.
The problems referred to above are even more serious when the production that this system is applied to the relatively small number of fruit vegetables of grown per area number is planted.Generally fruit and vegetable plantation needs reservation operations road, operation road to need not the overflow of irrigating facility and liquid manure, and when using aforesaid way to irrigate, the idle situation in plane space is even more serious, has the most more highlighted liquid manure liquid and has polluted the situation of waste.
For solving the problems referred to above, the present inventor is made that the improvement being individually connected by the pipeline of said system with single container.Although this improvement project solves the problems referred to above in a way, but the present inventor has been found that in process of the test, if the system after improvement does not control the device of nutritional solution conveying capacity, then it may happen that owing to nutritional solution overflow goes out planting container thus the drawback that causes the nutrition of overflow to recycle.
In view of this, the special proposition present invention.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of distributed tide irrigation system being applicable to the plantation of fruit and vegerable plant, is realized with a low cost and automatically controls for liquid manure nutrient infusion amount.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention uses the basic conception of technical scheme to be:
A kind of distributed tide irrigation cultivation system, it is characterised in that include liquid storage tank, liquid manure conveying mechanism and planting container；
Described liquid manure conveying mechanism includes immersible pump, to liquid pipeline and liquid back pipe road；
Described immersible pump is placed in bottom liquid storage tank, and is connected with to liquid pipeline；Described connect with the inside of planting container to the other end of liquid pipeline；
Described it is provided with to hydraulic control valve to liquid pipeline；
Described liquid back pipe road sign height is in liquid pipeline, and one end and described partially ON to give between hydraulic control valve and planting container on liquid pipeline, the other end turns on described liquid storage tank；Described liquid back pipe road is provided with discharge opeing control valve；
Also including overflow passage, described overflow passage one end is with described to connecting to the part between hydraulic control valve with planting container on liquid pipeline, and the other end connects with part between discharge opeing control valve and liquid storage tank on liquid back pipe road；What the spacing height of described overflow passage communicated therewith matches to the high level of the planting container corresponding to liquid pipeline.
Above-mentioned distributed tide irrigation system, described is divided into the main line and branch pipeline being connected with described liquid storage tank to liquid pipeline, and every branch pipeline is equipped with to hydraulic control valve；Described branch pipeline end forms bye-pass corresponding with planting container number；Described bye-pass connects with the inside of planting container.
Above-mentioned distributed tide irrigation system, in described branch pipeline, at least part of pipeline is thicker than main line, and this thicker part branch pipeline is formed expands position.
Above-mentioned distributed tide irrigation system, the container body bottom of described planting container is provided with the liquid in-out pipe turned on described container body, and described container body is provided with the cup cover covering the described liquid in-out pipe mouth of pipe；Described cup cover is provided with outlet；Described connect with described liquid in-out pipe to liquid pipeline.
Above-mentioned distributed tide irrigation system, described outlet is grid or the hole on uniform cup cover surface；Described grid or pore surface are coated with non-woven fabrics or grenadine.
Above-mentioned distributed tide irrigation system, described grid or aperture sections are higher than the peak capacity position in described planting container.
Above-mentioned distributed tide irrigation system, described cup cover is flat column, cylindric or coniform.
Above-mentioned distributed tide irrigation system, described to being also connected with stirring arm on liquid pipeline, the described stirring arm other end connects with liquid storage tank；Described stirring arm is provided with mixing control valve.
Above-mentioned distributed tide irrigation system, described planting container is provided with leg, and described leg is internal is cavity, and the inside conducting of cavity and planting container.
Above-mentioned distributed tide irrigation system, described planting container interior surface to away from the direction indentation within planting container, forms cup cover installation region near the liquid in-out pipe mouth of pipe, and described cup cover installation region is provided with retaining structure.
After using technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has the advantages that
The automatically controlling of liquid manure liquid when 1, achieving irrigation, does not haves the liquid manure liquid phenomenon from planting container overflow；
2, irrigation method is become system from original flood irrigation and directly feeds container for plants, it is to avoid the problem that liquid manure liquid is contaminated and wastes, and avoids the pest and disease damage prevention and control difficult problem that greenhouse endogenous cause of ill excessive moisture is brought simultaneously；
3, directly feeding liquid manure by the internal large area of planting container, realize liquid manure supply uniformly while solving intake-outlet blockage problem, than the soilless culture of existing fruit and vegetable and there is soil cultivation to save substantial amounts of liquid manure, irrigation uniformity, controllability significantly improve；
4, from expand position be set to liquid manure liquid provide cushion space, it is ensured that liquid manure liquid enter planting container time mild flow velocity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention distributed tide irrigation system.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of another angle of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is internal structure schematic diagram during the non-mounting cup cover of the planting container in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the side view of the planting container mounting cup cover shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the cup cover in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is internal structure schematic diagram during the another kind of planting container non-mounting cup cover in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the side view of the planting container mounting cup cover shown in Fig. 6.
In above-mentioned accompanying drawing: 1, planting container；3, liquid storage tank；101, liquid in-out pipe；102, cup cover；103, grid；104, leg；105, cavity；106, cup cover installation region；107, retaining structure；108, edge is strengthened；109, reinforcement；201, immersible pump；202, to liquid pipeline；203, to hydraulic control valve；204, branch pipeline；205, bye-pass；206, position is expanded；207, liquid back pipe road；208, discharge opeing control valve；209, stirring arm；210, mixing control valve；211, forced-ventilated control valve；212, overflow passage.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, to help understanding present disclosure.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the invention provides a kind of distributed tide irrigation cultivation system, including liquid storage tank 3, liquid manure conveying mechanism and planting container 1；Liquid manure conveying mechanism includes immersible pump 201, to liquid pipeline 202 and liquid back pipe road 207；Immersible pump 201 is placed in bottom liquid storage tank 3, and is connected with to liquid pipeline 202.It is additionally provided with ultraviolet ray disinfector in liquid storage tank 3.It is divided into the main line being connected with liquid storage tank 3 and the branch pipeline 204 by main line shunting to liquid pipeline 202, every branch pipeline 204 is equipped with to hydraulic control valve 203.Every corresponding corresponding greenhouse of branch pipeline 204；Same origin is planted, in order to control the adjustment of management and inside greenhouse condition in same greenhouse.Branch pipeline 204 is provided with by the most thicker position 206 of expanding.The effect at position 206 of expanding is to provide for liquid manure liquid when irrigating the region of a buffering first, it is to avoid enter that the liquid manure liquid flow impact of planting container 1 is excessive injures crop young root；Second its effect is that liquid manure liquid stores partial air after emptying, consequently, it is possible to before irrigating, native system also can make the air in planting container 1 substrate or soil circulate, it is ensured that the root of plant obtains sufficient oxygen, is prevented effectively from the situation generation of rotten.Branch pipeline 204 end shunts again, is formed and the planting container 1 corresponding bye-pass of number 205.Bye-pass 205 is turned on by the inside of connecting tube with planting container 1, liquid manure liquid directly feeds in container for plants 1, greatly reduce liquid manure liquid exposed area (especially during plantation fruit trees and vegetables) in greenhouse, solve the problem that liquid manure liquid is contaminated and wastes, simultaneously because the minimizing of exposed area also implies that the minimizing that liquid manure liquid volatilizees, the most just reduce the pest and disease damage prevention and control difficulty that greenhouse endogenous cause of ill excessive moisture is brought.
According to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, liquid back pipe road 207 absolute altitude less than to liquid pipeline 202, one end and give on liquid pipeline 202 between hydraulic control valve 203 and planting container 1 partially ON, the other end turns on liquid storage tank 3；Liquid back pipe road 207 is provided with discharge opeing control valve 208.The liquid back pipe road 207 outlet in liquid storage tank 3 is higher than the liquid level in liquid storage tank.Figure further illustrates overflow passage 212.Overflow passage 212 one end with give connecting to the part between hydraulic control valve 203 with planting container 1 on liquid pipeline 202, the other end connects with part between discharge opeing control valve 208 with liquid storage tank 3 on liquid back pipe road 207.In the present embodiment, one end branch pipeline 204 of overflow passage 212 turns on, and the other end turns on liquid back pipe road 207.The high level of the planting container 1 corresponding to branch pipeline 204 that the spacing height of overflow passage 212 communicates therewith matches.So, owing to the crop of the chamber planting of different branch pipeline 204 correspondences is different, the liquid manure liquid level needed for its planting container 1 is the most identical.Each overflow passage 212 mates from the liquid level of planting container 1 in different greenhouses respectively, then ensure that different temperature indoor crops all obtains optimum irrigation effect.During the spacing height of overflow passage 212 refers to that self-supporting liquid pipeline 202 sets out and enters in liquid back pipe road 207 after overflow passage 212, liquid manure liquid flow through in overflow passage 212 needed for minimum altitude.
Further illustrating the auxiliary body of native system in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, to being also connected with stirring arm 209 on liquid pipeline 202, stirring arm 209 other end connects with liquid storage tank 3；Stirring arm 209 is provided with mixing control valve 210.By immersible pump 201 and the effect of remaining control valve (especially mixing control valve 210), the liquid manure liquid of liquid storage tank 3 returns, after entering stirring arm 209, the part that liquid storage tank 3 is shallower, so that the liquid manure liquid within liquid storage tank 3 forms disturbance, it is ensured that the fertilizer efficiency of liquid manure liquid is uniform.To being also connected with forced-ventilated arm on liquid pipeline 202, forced-ventilated arm is provided with forced-ventilated control valve 211.By the control of forced-ventilated control valve 211 and the effect to immersible pump 201, can in case of need the liquid manure liquid in liquid storage tank 3 be emptied completely.
Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 illustrate the structure of planting container 1 in the present embodiment, and the container body bottom of planting container 1 is provided with and the liquid in-out pipe 101 of container body conducting, and liquid in-out pipe 101 is arranged on the bottom surface of container body as shown in Figure 5.Container body is provided with the cup cover 102 covering liquid in-out pipe 101 mouth of pipe.Cup cover 102 in flat column, cylindric or taper, bottom is chimeric with the retaining structure 107 of container bottom.Cup cover 102 is preferably gone to the bottom the little taper in big top or frustum, in the case of this, container is filled out after putting substrate, owing to cup cover 102 big top of going to the bottom is little, its side is inclined-plane, substrate is not merely horizontal extruding to the active force of cup cover 102, also has longitudinal extruding, so that cup cover 102 is more firm with the connection of container body.Cup cover 102 top seals, are possible to prevent insecticide, foreign material to fall in water supply and sewerage pipeline.Cup cover 102 is provided with grid 103, and grid 103 surface is coated with non-woven fabrics or grenadine (not shown).Non-woven fabrics or the number of plies of grenadine and specification can be changed according to the difference of substrate in container, the effect having ventilative water permeability concurrently He preventing matrix granule from passing through can be reached, certainly, described non-woven fabrics or grenadine may be used without the replacement of other materials that arbitrarily can obtain the effect above.Grid 103 part is higher than the peak capacity position in planting container 1, the when of being guaranteed at non-irrigation, the substrate of the deep place in planting container 1 also can have an area bigger with air contact, thus and expand the generation synergism at position 206, it is ensured that the root system of plant obtains enough oxygen.Exposing the grid 103 of stromal surface can also promote the humid air in cup cover to be dried as early as possible, prevents root system of plant from growing into because hydrotropism stretches and results in blockage in Drainage pipe.Grid 103 in the present embodiment also can replace with hole.
In Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, planting container 1 is provided with leg 104, the internal cavity 105 that is provided with of leg 104, and cavity 105 conducting internal with planting container 1.The tempus intercalare irrigated, accumulates in the liquid manure liquid within cavity 105 and can supplement suitable moisture for substrate at any time by the capillarity between matrix granule.The outer peripheral size of leg 104 is mated with the inward flange size of described planting container 1 topmost.During superposition carrying, in the inward flange of the topmost that the leg 104 of upper strata planting container 1 is stuck in lower planting container 1, it is not only able to save carrying space, and when carrying, lower floor's planting container 1 carries out screens to upper strata planting container 1, effectively reduce overturning etc. of dropping and be likely to cause the situation that container is damaged.It is provided with reinforcement 109 in the cavity 105 of leg 104, further enhancing the intensity of leg 104, extend container service life.The edge on planting container 1 top overturns to away from the direction within planting container 1, is formed and strengthens edge 108, not only provides impetus when carrying, it also avoid the damage to upper opening of container that reels when stacking.
As shown in Figure 5, planting container 1 interior surface near liquid in-out pipe 101 mouth of pipe to away from the direction indentation within planting container 1, form cup cover installation region 106, cup cover installation region 106 is provided with retaining structure 107, retaining structure 107 and the edge mate of cup cover installation region 106, respectively cup cover 102 is fixed with spacing, it is simple to the installation of cup cover 102 and use.During installation, the edge that cup only need to cover 102 alignment quilt cover installation regions 106, base is pressed, and can make bottom cup cover 102 and retaining structure 107 is fitted together to, thus the installation realizing cup cover 102 is fixed.
During irrigation, opening to hydraulic control valve 203, discharge opeing control valve 208 is in closedown.Liquid manure liquid pump in liquid storage tank 3 is entered in the main line to liquid pipeline 202 by immersible pump 201, and then liquid manure liquid enters branch pipeline 204 and then enters bye-pass 205, and by entering planting container 1 inside with the connecting tube on bye-pass 205.When the liquid level in planting container 1 exceedes the spacing height of overflow passage 212, due to law of connected vessels, in planting container 1, liquid level will no longer raise, and unnecessary liquid manure liquid flows into liquid back pipe road 207 by overflow passage 212, finally flows back to liquid storage tank 3.Now, close to hydraulic control valve 203 after keeping a period of time preset and open discharge opeing control valve 208.Liquid manure liquid unnecessary in planting container 1 oozes back bye-pass 205 through connecting tube, enters back in branch pipeline 204 coconnected liquid back pipe road 207, and flows back to liquid storage tank 3 along liquid back pipe road 207, completes a tide irrigation.
The root system of plant is responsible for absorbing moisture and fertilizer, in the developmental process of plant particularly critical, and before inventor use tide irrigation mode, liquid manure liquid be not from top to bottom infiltration be flood irrigation from down to up, root system of plant need to try one's best toward the direction extend could obtain abundant liquid manure.In the present embodiment, after liquid manure liquid arrival cup covers 102 inside, can spread to surrounding by the cup cover 102 at planting container 1 center through non-woven fabrics, after discharge opeing, a part of liquid can be retained in leg 104 cavity 105, play storage liquid functional, also ensure that nutritional solution equilibrium diffusion in rhizosphere surrounding substrate, it is more beneficial for the dispersed growth of root system of plant, and because of the fine air permeability of upper grid 103 in cup cover 102, can quickly be dried in cup cover, and make root system of plant extend to the position of leg 104 cavity 105 moisture retention time length, thus the phenomenon preventing root system from stretching in cup cover 102 and blocking occurs.Simultaneously as expand the existence at position 206, each irrigation all can form the air pressure difference outside Medium Culture, makes air in substrate be taken a breath because of the process poured water and be dried, and beneficially healthy growth and the liquid manure of root system absorbs.When irrigation terminates, liquid manure liquid oozes back in cup cover 102, and when being returned bye-pass 205 by liquid in-out pipe 101, the grid 103 exposing stromal surface on cup cover 102 sucks the fresh air rich in oxygen, on the one hand second time gas exchange action is completed, on the other hand promote the humid air in cup cover 102 to be dried as early as possible, prevent root system of plant from growing into because hydrotropism stretches and result in blockage in Drainage pipe.
The automatically controlling of liquid manure liquid when present invention achieves irrigation, does not haves the liquid manure liquid phenomenon from planting container 1 overflow；Irrigation method is become system from original flood irrigation and directly feeds container for plants, it is to avoid the problem that liquid manure liquid is contaminated and wastes, and avoids the pest and disease damage prevention and control difficult problem that greenhouse endogenous cause of ill excessive moisture is brought simultaneously；Directly feed liquid manure by the internal large area of planting container 1, realize liquid manure supply while solving intake-outlet blockage problem uniformly；The liquid manure liquid that is set at position 206 of expanding provides cushion space, it is ensured that liquid manure liquid enters during planting container 1 the gentleest, also contributes intramatrical ventilatory simultaneously.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a distributed tide irrigation cultivation system, it is characterised in that include liquid storage tank (3), liquid manure conveying mechanism and planting container (1)；
Described liquid manure conveying mechanism includes immersible pump (201), to liquid pipeline (202) and liquid back pipe road (207)；
Described immersible pump (201) is placed in liquid storage tank (3) bottom, and is connected with to liquid pipeline (202)；Described connect with the inside of planting container (1) to the other end of liquid pipeline (202)；
Described it is provided with to hydraulic control valve (203) to liquid pipeline (202)；
Described liquid back pipe road (207) absolute altitude less than to liquid pipeline (202), one end with described to partially ON between hydraulic control valve (203) and planting container (1) liquid pipeline (202) on, the other end and described liquid storage tank (3) conducting；Described liquid back pipe road (207) is provided with discharge opeing control valve (208)；
Also include overflow passage (212), described overflow passage (212) one end is with described to connecting to the part between hydraulic control valve (203) with planting container (1) on liquid pipeline (202), and other end part discharge opeing control valve (208) with liquid storage tank (3) between upper with liquid back pipe road (207) connects；The high level to the planting container (1) corresponding to liquid pipeline (202) that the spacing height of described overflow passage (212) communicates therewith matches.
Distributed tide irrigation cultivation system the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described it is divided into the main line being connected with described liquid storage tank (3) and branch pipeline (204) to liquid pipeline (202), every branch pipeline (204) is equipped with to hydraulic control valve (203)；Described branch pipeline (204) end is formed and the corresponding bye-pass of planting container (1) number (205)；Described bye-pass (205) connects with the inside of planting container (1).
Distributed tide irrigation cultivation system the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the upper at least part of pipeline of described branch pipeline (204) is thicker than main line, this thicker part branch pipeline is formed expands position (206).
Distributed tide irrigation cultivation system the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the container body bottom of described planting container (1) is provided with the liquid in-out pipe (101) turned on described container body, and described container body is provided with the cup cover (102) covering described liquid in-out pipe (101) mouth of pipe；Described cup cover (102) is provided with outlet；Described connect with described liquid in-out pipe (101) to liquid pipeline (202).
Distributed tide irrigation cultivation system the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described outlet is grid (103) or the hole on uniform cup cover (102) surface；Described grid (103) or pore surface are coated with non-woven fabrics or grenadine.
Distributed tide irrigation cultivation system the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described grid (103) or aperture sections are higher than the peak capacity position in described planting container (1).
7. according to the arbitrary described distributed tide irrigation cultivation system of claim 4-6, it is characterised in that described cup cover (102) is flat column, cylindric or coniform.
8. according to the arbitrary described distributed tide irrigation cultivation system of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that described to being also connected with stirring arm (209) on liquid pipeline (202), described stirring arm (209) other end connects with liquid storage tank (3)；Described stirring arm (209) is provided with mixing control valve (210).
9. according to the arbitrary described distributed tide irrigation cultivation system of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that, described planting container (1) is provided with leg (104), and described leg (104) is internal is cavity (105), and the inside conducting of cavity (105) and planting container (1).
10. according to the arbitrary described distributed tide irrigation cultivation system of claim 4-6, it is characterized in that, described planting container (1) interior surface near liquid in-out pipe (101) mouth of pipe to the direction indentation internal away from planting container (1), forming cup cover installation region (106), described cup cover installation region (106) is provided with retaining structure (107).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510113587.1A CN104686045B (en) | 2015-03-16 | 2015-03-16 | A kind of distributed tide irrigation cultivation system |
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| CN201510113587.1A CN104686045B (en) | 2015-03-16 | 2015-03-16 | A kind of distributed tide irrigation cultivation system |
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| CN104686045A CN104686045A (en) | 2015-06-10 |
| CN104686045B true CN104686045B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106919156B (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2019-05-28 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | A kind of large-scale garden or the water and fertilizer management system and implementation method of production base |
| CN108738834A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-11-06 | 山东启迪农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of buried tube type tide irrigation system |
| CN109076813A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-25 | 山东启迪农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of buried tube type tide irrigation system and control method |
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