CN104642801A - Starter feed suitable for lambs in high-temperature high-humidity areas - Google Patents

Starter feed suitable for lambs in high-temperature high-humidity areas Download PDF

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CN104642801A
CN104642801A CN201510050739.8A CN201510050739A CN104642801A CN 104642801 A CN104642801 A CN 104642801A CN 201510050739 A CN201510050739 A CN 201510050739A CN 104642801 A CN104642801 A CN 104642801A
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parts
lamb
opened guideway
lambs
composite
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CN104642801B (en
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刁其玉
屠焰
马涛
张乃锋
柴建民
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Feed Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Feed Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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Abstract

The invention relates to a starter feed suitable for lambs in high-temperature high-humidity areas. The starter feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: unhusked rice, corn, peanut meal, extruded soybeans, honey, DDGS, folium mori powder, manioc waste, lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, a compound natural product preparation, beet meal, jujube residues, calcium propionate, vitamin C, potassium chloride and a compound premix for the lambs. The test shows that the starter feed provided by the invention is used for feeding the lambs in high-temperature high-humidity environments, so that the growth performance of the lambs cannot be lower than that by a traditional corn-bean pulp type feed; the good health condition of the lambs is kept; the production level of the lambs in southern part can be improved.

Description

A kind of opened guideway being applicable to hot and humid regional lamb
Technical field
The present invention relates to children ruminant feed in age field, be specifically related to a kind of opened guideway product specialized in China's high temperature damp-heat area raising lamb and use, improve its growth and the general level of the health.
Background technology
1, China's high temperature damp-heat area lamb cultivation Problems existing
Geographical climate environment condition has important function to the performance of the existence of animal, breeding and various characteristic or suppression.Compared to northern area, south China area belongs to subtropical zone monsoon climate more, and the short summer in winter is long, and summer high temperature is rainy, and winter, gentleness was short of rain.South China sheep variety one-child prolificacy rate is higher, and when ewe one tire produces more than 2 lambs and 2 lambs, lactation amount is not enough, and lamb nutrition supply is bad, causes that survival rate is low, the problems such as slow and susceptible disease of growing.And on the other hand, south China area has abundant hill covered with grass grass slope and industrial crops accessory substance resource, the condition of development plant-eating animal cultivation is richly endowed by nature; Market is comparatively large to the demand potentiality of meat milk, and simple does not quantitatively have requirement, also very vigorous to the demand of the cattle and sheep livestock products of comparatively safe green.In southern area according to lamb physiological development rule, exploitation health lamb opened guideway, improves lamb nutrition supply and the general level of the health, can be southern area sheep husbandry and provides science, practical production technology.
In hot season, cultivated animals should be noted strengthening reducing temperature of heatstroke prevention work, with reduce high temperature to animal produce stress.Alleviate Heat stress, following methods can be adopted according to the actual conditions of area, plant, animal: improve feed palatability to improve feed intake; Improve feed mode, increase feeding frequency; Improve daily ration concentration, improve fat and protein level, reasonable amino acid ratio; Replenishing vitamins and electrolyte; The sufficient drinking-water of supply, keeps suitable water temperature; Feed novel fodder additive, as Organic Chromium, Rumensin, in addition, the Chinese herbal medicine such as radix bupleuri, gypsum, the Radix Astragali, the coptis, the wind-weed, sweet wormwood, chrysanthemum, Asian puccoon can regulate body temperature maincenter; Chinese ephedra, cassia twig, peppermint, the root of kudzu vine, perilla leaf etc. prevent heat stress by sweating; Centipede, earthworm etc. can be anticonvulsion; Cinnabar, magnetite, wilsonii, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, stiff silkworm, bush etc. can tranquilizing soporifics, all have the effect slowing down heat stress.
2, lamb opened guideway patent is had at present
CN201210253877.2 discloses a kind of Maqu Euler lamb and fattens then and deliver full pellet for sale, it is characterized in that, each constituent and percentage by weight are: corn 40%, wheat bran 5.5%, rape cake 2.5%, molasses 5%, beet pulp 1.54%, high protein bean pulp 30%, expanded soybean 3.00%, hay powder 10%, stone flour 1.25%, salt 0.30%, 1% sheep premix 0.65%, stomach invigorating acid 0.25%, sweetener 0.01%.
CN201310071069.9 discloses a kind of compound sheep feed containing Chinese herbal medicine, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion: corn flour 70-80 part, peanut meal 20-30 part, wheat bran 20-30 part, rice bran 10-20 part, mung bean flour 5-10 part, rapeseed dregs 5-10 part, land plaster 5-10 part, golden cypress 3-5 part, hawthorn 3-5 part, great burdock achene 3-5 part, mulberry leaf 3-5 part, eupatorium 3-5 part, in one's early teens 3-5 part, radish seed 3-5 part, thizoma curculiginis 3-5 part, sophora flower 3-5 part, radix bupleuri 3-5 part, lotus leaf 3-5 part; Preparation method: 1) by formula rate by corn flour, peanut meal, wheat bran, rice bran, mung bean flour, rapeseed dregs, that land plaster is broken into 100-150 order fine powder is for subsequent use; 2) by formula rate by golden cypress, hawthorn, great burdock achene, mulberry leaf, eupatorium, in one's early teens, radish seed, thizoma curculiginis, sophora flower, radix bupleuri, lotus leaf mixed powder be broken into 100-150 order fine powder; 3) fine powder that twice pulverizing is for subsequent use mixes, and gets product.
CN201410138981.6 discloses a kind of young sheep feed, it is characterized in that the raw material comprising following parts by weight: sugarcane marrow 20-30 part, mulberry leaf 2-6 part, root of kudzu vine rattan 15-30 part, Poplar leaves 3-5 part, peanut press pulp 5-8 part, corn flour 10-15 part, fish meal 2-3 part, bone meal 1-2 part, salt 0.3-0.6 part, oyster shell whiting 1-2 part.
CN201410193299.7 discloses a kind of lamb feed for improving meat flavor, it is characterized in that, it comprises basal feed composition, ruminal metabolism conditioning agent, ispol additive, betaine, trace element mixture additive, vitamin mixtures additive and mixture of Chinese herbal medicines additive.
CN200910075072.1 discloses a kind of herbal medicine feed additive with fennel taste for fattening lambs, for crushed mixture, be carrier adsorption with molasses, it is characterized in that being made up of according to part by weight following raw material: fennel 60-70%, Chinese cassia tree 15-20%, cloves 15-20%.
CN201110225034.7 discloses a kind of astragalus ovine fattening feed additive, is crushed mixture, it is characterized in that being made up of according to part by weight following raw material: Radix Astragali 30-40%, bitter buckwheat 60-70%.
CN200910075075.5 discloses a kind of Chinese herbal medicine feed additive for lambs, for crushed mixture, it is characterized in that being made up of according to part by weight following raw material: hawthorn 15-20%, bark of official magnolia 15-20%, medical stone 15-20%, dried immature fruit of citron orange 10-15%, rhizoma atractylodis 10-15%, Radix Astragali 10-15%, gynostemma pentaphylla 10-15%, pine needle meal 5-10%.
The feed close with present component:
CN201310624065.9 (publication number is CN103636998A) and a kind of shuttle crucian carp polyculture expanded feed and preparation method thereof, belong to aquatic feeds technical field.Fish meal, dregs of beans, vegetable seed, peanut meal, DDGS, pea, soybean residue, cotton dregs, wheat, cassava, corn, rice bran are pulverized by it; Mixing is uniformly mixed afterwards with soya-bean oil, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, Rhubarb extract, betaine, allicin, salt, fish premix.
CN201410036518.0 (publication number is CN103815178A) discloses a kind of fermented pig feed, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: wheat bran 60-70 part, manioc waste 50-60 part, dregs of beans 50-60 part, powder of straw 60-70 part, blackstrap 10-15 part, milk powder 4-5 part, glutinous rice 20-30 part, purple potato 10-15 part, wild cabbage 10-12 part, beet tops 15-20 part, Grain Production of Amaranthus 10-15 part, field pennycress 3-4 part, red date core 10-12 part, pearl white 8-10 part, phagostimulant 4-5 part, water are appropriate.
CN201310453341.X (publication number is CN103461726A) relates to a kind of mutton sheep High-energy high-protein supplement feed, and this kind of mutton sheep High-energy high-protein supplement feed is made up of corn, expanded soybean, DDGS, corn protein powder, dregs of beans, rumen-undegraded fat, rumen bypass lysine, mutton sheep premix, antioxidant and Diamond V"XP".
CN201110208237.5 (publication number is CN102210420A) discloses a kind of meat sheep fine complementary particle, relates to sheep feed.Comprise corn, DDGS, secondary powder, whitewashing wheat bran, molasses, the dish dregs of rice, maize peel, Castor seed Meal, meat meal tankage, compound protein, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, middling flour, must be U.S., salt, sodium bicarbonate, magnesia, lysine, saltcake, antioxidant, choline, Niu Duowei, sweetener, coban, strong frankincense, microlith powder.
CN201410022678.X (publication number is CN103783278A) relates to a kind of high yield cow and to give milk 40kg feed formula, and its formula is: daily ingestion amount (DM) is: corn 5.28kg, Cottonseed Meal 0.92kg, dregs of beans 1.8kg, DDGS 1.82kg, beet pulp 1.38kg, premix 0.81kg, Alfalfa 5.4kg, sheep's hay 0.9kg, ensiling 4.56kg.
CN201410230134.2 (publication number is CN104000017A) discloses a kind of sheep without careless feed, comprises fine fodder; Fine fodder raw material is made up of following material by weight: corn flour 400-800 part, dregs of beans 50-200 part, DDGS 50-180 part, stone flour 5-20 part, salt 10-20 part, sodium bicarbonate 5-20 part, cellulase 0.1-1.0 part, the special multidimensional 0.1-1.0 part of sheep, sheep special microelement 0.1-2 part, Monensin 0.001-0.005 part, rumen bypass methionine 0.1-2 part, rumen bypass lysine 0.5-3 part, rumen bypass choline 0.1-2 part, fulvic acid 1-10 part.
3, Chinese herbal medicine is used for feed and has following report:
(Chinese herb feed additive is on the impact of sheep known for its fine thick wool milk performance for Lv second places etc., Journal of Northwest Sci Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry (natural science edition), 2010, (03) 3 kinds of Chinese herbal feed additives: 77-82) are disclosed, all can improve the daily yielding of ewe 1-15d in postpartum to some extent, and there is Carry-over effect, be respectively: the formula of Chinese herb feed additive a is: seed of cowherb 222.20g/kg, Radix Astragali 111.10g/kg, bighead atractylodes rhizome 74.10g/kg, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 148.10g/kg, Radix Codonopsis 74.10g/kg, Ligusticum wallichii 148.10g/kg, Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis 37.10g/kg, play both sides of the street 185.20g/kg, the formula of Chinese herb feed additive b is: seed of cowherb 109.10g/kg, Radix Astragali 109.10g/kg, bighead atractylodes rhizome 109.10g/kg, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 163.60g/kg, Radix Codonopsis 109.10g/kg, Ligusticum wallichii 54.50g/kg, stem pith of the rice-paper plant 54.50g/kg, teasel root 91.00g/kg, akebi 54.50g/kg, Radix Glycyrrhizae 54.50g/kg, play both sides of the street 91.00g/kg, the formula of Chinese herb feed additive c is: seed of cowherb 203.60g/kg, bighead atractylodes rhizome 34.00g/kg, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 101.70g/kg, root of herbaceous peony 84.70g/kg, dried rhizome of rehmannia 84.70g/kg, radix bupleuri 84.70g/kg, Ligusticum wallichii 50.80g/kg, Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis 50.80g/kg, balloonflower root 50.80g/kg, stem pith of the rice-paper plant 50.80g/kg, root of Dahurain angelica 50.80g/kg, Radix Glycyrrhizae 50.80g/kg, rascal 67.80g/kg, akebi 34.00g/kg.Make 3 kinds of Chinese herb feed additives respectively according to above-mentioned formula, pulverize, mix rear for subsequent use.
(Chinese herb feed additive is to sheep growth performance, routine blood test and Immune Function thereof for Li Chunyan etc., traditional Chinese veterinary medicine branch of animal and veterinary association of China Annual Conference collection of thesis in 2013,2013) disclose Chinese medicine fleece-flower root 1kg, rhizome of cyrtomium 1kg, 2kg planted on mountain, Fructus Hordei Germinatus 2kg, dried orange peel 1kg, Divine Comedy 2kg, the root of herbaceous peony 2kg, Huang Mao 2kg, bark of eucommia 2kg, RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China 2kg, Radix Codonopsis 2kg, pine needle 9kg, 120 mesh sieves are crossed for subsequent use after pulverizing, make an addition in basal diet with 5%, can promote that sheep increases weight, improve the immunologic function of efficiency of feed utilization and enhancing body.
Common opened guideway is based on fine fodder raw material, and for lamb under high temperature hygrothermal environment, palatability is slightly poor.Some researchs in recent years show, clover (Hua Weihua etc. can be used in lamb fine fodder, the research of Xu Huai kidlet different fine fodder proportioning fattening effect, herding and forage science, 2012,33 (2): 38), great Ye Chinese holly grass meal (Ma Meirong etc., great Ye Chinese holly grass meal Substitute For Partial dregs of beans is on the impact of the growth of drylot feeding lamb, Slaughter and m eatquality, China's herding magazine, 2014,50 (7): 40-43) Substitute For Partial dregs of beans or the fine fodder such as, reaches equal growth performance.But lamb in the past opens in food feed, has only focused on nutritional labeling change, do not consider and alleviate heat stress, increase gastrointestinal function.
Comprehensive above-mentioned report and patent application, what a kind of applicable hot and humid regional lamb opens food feed, and inventor, through a large amount of tests, finally determines the present invention.
Summary of the invention
For Problems existing in production reality, inventor provide a kind of opened guideway being applicable to the lamb in hot and humid area.
The invention provides the opened guideway of a kind of lamb, it is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight portion: paddy, corn, peanut meal, expanded soybean, molasses, DDGS, mulberry leaf powder, manioc waste, lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, composite natral thing preparation, beet pulp, jujube slag, calcium propionate, vitamin C, potassium chloride and lamb composite pre-mixed fodder for sheep.
Concrete, described opened guideway is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight portion: paddy 5-13 part, corn 7-20 part, peanut meal 3-15 part, expanded soybean 4-13 part, molasses 1-5 part, DDGS 3-10 part, mulberry leaf powder 20-35 part, manioc waste 3-7 part, lysine 0.6-0.9 part, methionine 0.3-0.5 part, threonine 0.2-0.4 part, tryptophan 0.05-0.2 part, composite natral thing preparation 0.3-1.2 part, beet pulp 3-5 part, jujube slag 3-8 part, calcium propionate 0.5-2 part, vitamin C 0.002-0.01 part, potassium chloride 0.002-0.01 part and lamb composite pre-mixed fodder for sheep 3-8 part.
Preferably, described opened guideway is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight portion: paddy 5-9 part, corn 11-20 part, peanut meal 3-8 part, expanded soybean 10-13 part, molasses 1-2 part, DDGS 3-5.0 part, mulberry leaf powder 30-35 part, manioc waste 3-5.0 part, lysine 0.6-0.8 part, methionine 0.3-0.4 part, threonine 0.3-0.4 part, tryptophan 0.1-0.2 part, composite natral thing preparation 0.7-1.2 part, beet pulp 3-5 part, jujube slag 6-8 part, calcium propionate 0.5-1.5 part, vitamin C 0.005-0.1 part, potassium chloride 0.002-0.005 part and lamb composite pre-mixed fodder for sheep 2-5 part.
Further preferably, described opened guideway is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight portion: paddy 9 parts, corn 11.09 parts, peanut meal 8 parts, expanded soybean 10 parts, 2 parts, molasses, DDGS 5.0 parts, mulberry leaf powder 30 parts, manioc waste 5.0 parts, lysine 0.8 part, methionine 0.4 part, threonine 0.3 part, tryptophan 0.1 part, 0.7 part, composite natral thing preparation, beet pulp 5 parts, jujube slag 6 parts, calcium propionate 1.5 parts, vitamin C 0.005 part, 0.005 part, potassium chloride and lamb composite pre-mixed fodder for sheep 5 parts.
In above-mentioned opened guideway:
The active component of every part of composite natral thing preparation is made up of the natural plants of following weight portion: evodia rutaecarpa 35-45 part, fig 65-75 part, fruit of a cubeb litsea tree 30-50 part, banksia rose 30-50 part, root of large-flowered skullcap 25-35 part, capsule of weeping forsythia 25-35 part, honeysuckle 25-35 part, rhizoma atractylodis 30-50 part, radish seed 55-65 part, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf 20-40 part, rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge 50-70 part, hawthorn 40-80 part, Poria cocos 35-45 part, Divine Comedy 30-50 part, rhizoma pinellinae praeparata 50-70 part, Chinese yam 60-80 part and coix seed 50-70 part.
Preferably, every part of described composite natral thing preparation is made into by the natural plants of following weight portion: evodia rutaecarpa 40-45 part, fig 65-70 part, fruit of a cubeb litsea tree 40-50 part, banksia rose 40-50 part, root of large-flowered skullcap 30-35 part, capsule of weeping forsythia 30-35 part, honeysuckle 30-35 part, rhizoma atractylodis 40-50 part, radish seed 60-65 part, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf 20-30 part, rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge 60-70 part, hawthorn 60-80 part, Poria cocos 35-40 part, Divine Comedy 30-40 part, rhizoma pinellinae praeparata 50-60 part, Chinese yam 70-80 part and coix seed 60-70 part.
Further preferably, every part of described composite natral thing preparation is made up of the natural plants of following weight portion: evodia rutaecarpa 40 parts, fig 70 parts, 40 parts, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, the banksia rose 40 parts, the root of large-flowered skullcap 30 parts, the capsule of weeping forsythia 30 parts, honeysuckle 30 parts, rhizoma atractylodis 40 parts, radish seed 60 parts, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf 30 parts, 60 parts, the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, hawthorn 60 parts, 40 parts, Poria cocos, Divine Comedy 40 parts, rhizoma pinellinae praeparata 60 parts, Chinese yam 70 parts and coix seed 60 parts.
The auxiliary material of described composite natral thing preparation is tapioca dextrin, and in every part of composite natral thing preparation, the consumption of tapioca dextrin is 135-255 part, is preferably 135-200 part, more preferably 200 parts.
The preparation method of above-mentioned composite natral thing preparation comprises the following steps: being ground through micronizer respectively by each raw material except tapioca dextrin is 200 order smalls, then active component is taken according to proportioning, mix, add tapioca dextrin again, mixing, sterilization, dry final vacuum are preserved, and to obtain final product.
Described DDGS can commercially availablely buy, by DDG (distillers dried grains, dry alcohol groove) and DDS (distillers dried solubles, solubility alcohol grain filtrate) composition, wherein containing the DDG of the 70% and DDS of 30% that has an appointment.
Described lamb composite pre-mixed fodder for sheep is commercially available lamb premix compound special, containing compositions such as various vitamin, trace element, calcium, phosphorus, salt.
Other raw materials, all can buy from feed and Market of Chinese Materia Medica.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method containing above-mentioned opened guideway, and the method comprises the following steps: pulverized respectively by all raw materials, crosses 40 mesh sieves; Parts by weights another name mixes with mixer, obtains uniform mixed powder after getting; Adopt facility for granulating to granulate to mixed powder, obtain pellet, diameter control is at 2-4 centimetre; Adopt cooling device to cool pellet, when pellet temperature is lower than 5 DEG C, implement packaging.
Present invention also offers above-mentioned opened guideway in the application on the lamb of southern high-temperature damp-heat area of feeding.
Concrete using method is: 15-21 age in days after lamb birth, can start this opened guideway of feeding, free choice feeding, freely drink water, can provide high-quality roughage free choice feeding while breast-fed or lamb milk replacer of feeding.
Lamb opened guideway provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1, in opened guideway provided by the invention:
The active component of composite natral thing preparation is made up of evodia rutaecarpa, fig, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, the banksia rose, the root of large-flowered skullcap, the capsule of weeping forsythia, honeysuckle, rhizoma atractylodis, radish seed, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, hawthorn, Poria cocos, Divine Comedy, rhizoma pinellinae praeparata, Chinese yam, coix seed.Above-mentioned 17 natural plants, it act as invigorating stomach and promoting bower movements, eliminating dampness of regulating the flow of vital energy, promote appetite, avoid bloat, control diarrhoea, growth promoting effects etc.
With natural plants prescription prevention lamb alimentary canal malaise symptoms, improve the palatability of feed simultaneously with jujube slag, beet pulp, avoid the special odor of composite natral thing preparation and taste to affect lamb and search for food, stomach strengthening and digestion promoting, promote digestive function, improve feed intake; There is provided part protein source with mulberry leaf powder, provide portion carbohydrate with manioc waste, Substitute For Partial fine fodder, coordinate calcium propionate, vitamin C and potassium chloride to alleviate calf heat stress, reach and make full use of unconventional water resources resource, regulate gastrointestinal function.Make be suitable for southern raw material characteristic, be applicable to high temperature hygrothermal environment under to feed the opened guideway of lamb.
The report of above-mentioned composite natral thing preparation is there is not yet in existing Feed Production Technology.
2, in lamb opened guideway provided by the invention:
Except common feedstuff, exploitation emphatically, the common industrial crops accessory substance in use southern area, provide part protein source with mulberry leaf powder, provide portion carbohydrate with manioc waste, alleviate calf heat stress with calcium propionate, vitamin C and potassium chloride simultaneously, regulate gastrointestinal function.
Composite natral thing preparation aspect: adopt the natural goods such as Chinese herbal medicine to feed having of mutton sheep: CN201210472665.3 (hawthorn powder, Eucommia Leaf Powder, gynostemma pentaphyllum powder), CN201310105650.8 (motherwort), CN201410193299.7, CN200910075072.1 (fennel, Chinese cassia tree, cloves), CN201110225034.7 (the Radix Astragali, bitter buckwheat), CN200910075075.5 (hawthorn, the bark of official magnolia, medical stone, the dried immature fruit of citron orange, rhizoma atractylodis, the Radix Astragali, gynostemma pentaphylla, pine needle meal), CN201010241533.0 (cassia seed, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Ligusticum wallichii, corydalis tuber), CN201310466250.X (Zornia diphylla (Linn.) Pers, bamboo charcoal powder, Feng Huacao, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, twocolor sealavander herb), CN201310071069.9 (golden cypress, hawthorn, great burdock achene, eupatorium, in one's early teens, radish seed, thizoma curculiginis, radix bupleuri), CN201410138981.6 (root of kudzu vine rattan) etc.
Compared with above-mentioned file, the composite natral thing preparation that the present invention uses is intended to promote that lamb alimentary canal is healthy and grow, the problems such as the poor appetite produced under avoiding high temperature hygrothermal environment, indigestion, the speed of growth are slow; Adopt beet pulp and jujube slag to improve the palatability of feed, promote that lamb searches for food; Abundant use south China industrial crops accessory substance, develops paddy, mulberry leaf powder and manioc waste etc., is conducive to expansion southern area mutton sheep breeding feed resource.
3, through overtesting display, after lamb of feeding under opened guideway high temperature hygrothermal environment provided by the invention, can guarantee that lamb growth performance is not less than traditional corn-soybean meal feed, keep lamb good condition of health, improve the hot and humid regional lamb level of production.
Detailed description of the invention
Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
In described composite natral thing preparation, various natural plants is purchased from Chinese medicine company;
Described lamb composite pre-mixed fodder for sheep is commercially available lamb premix compound special, containing compositions such as various vitamin, trace element, calcium, phosphorus, salt, purchased from Beijing Precise Animal Nutrient Research Center;
Jujube slag, is that jujube refines the remaining a kind of product of pulp, wherein containing multivitamin, has a sweet taste, can be used as Feed flavours.Derive from jujube food processing plant by-products;
Beet pulp is the byproduct of beet sugar manufacture industry, containing abundant amino acid, vitamin and trace element, have nutritious, palatability is strong, digestibility is high, the advantage such as cheap.Purchased from feed market;
Other feed addictives, premix and feedstuff all can be bought from feed market or Chinese Medicinal Materials Markets or pharmacy and obtain.
Embodiment 1: lamb opened guideway
1, form:
Composition Weight (kg) Percentage by weight (%)
Paddy 50 5
Corn 197.98 19.798
Peanut meal 30 3
Expanded soybean 130 13
Molasses 10 1
DDGS 30 3
Mulberry leaf powder 350 35
Manioc waste 30 3
Lysine 6 0.6
Methionine 3 0.3
Threonine 3 0.3
Tryptophan 2 0.2
Composite natral thing preparation 12 1.2
Beet pulp 30 3
Jujube slag 80 8
Calcium propionate 5 0.5
Vitamin C 1 0.1
Potassium chloride 0.02 0.002
Lamb composite pre-mixed fodder for sheep 30 3
Add up to 1000 100
Wherein, described in every g, composite natral thing preparation is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight portion: evodia rutaecarpa 45 parts, fig 65 parts, 50 parts, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, the banksia rose 50 parts, the root of large-flowered skullcap 35 parts, the capsule of weeping forsythia 35 parts, honeysuckle 35 parts, rhizoma atractylodis 50 parts, radish seed 65 parts, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf 20 parts, 70 parts, the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, hawthorn 80 parts, 35 parts, Poria cocos, Divine Comedy 30 parts, rhizoma pinellinae praeparata 50 parts, Chinese yam 80 parts, coix seed 70 parts and tapioca dextrin 135 parts, its preparation method comprises the following steps: being ground through micronizer respectively by each raw material except tapioca dextrin is 200 order smalls, mix, mix further with tapioca dextrin, sterilization, dry final vacuum is preserved, for subsequent use.
2, preparation method:
Take each raw material according to proportioning, after mixing, make the particle of diameter 2 cm with granulator, after cool drying, namely obtain lamb opened guideway.
3, using method:
Interpolation opened guideway from lamb 21 age in days, increases by amount.Feeding time is: every day, secondary timing was fed to lamb, free choice feeding.Supply sheep's hay, free choice feeding simultaneously.
Embodiment 2: lamb opened guideway
1, form:
Composition Weight (kg) Percentage by weight (%)
Paddy 90 9
Corn 110.9 11.09
Peanut meal 80 8
Expanded soybean 100 10
Molasses 20 2
DDGS 50 5
Mulberry leaf powder 300 30
Manioc waste 50 5
Lysine 8 0.8
Methionine 4 0.4
Threonine 4 0.4
Tryptophan 1 0.1
Composite natral thing preparation 7 0.7
Beet pulp 50 5
Jujube slag 60 6
Calcium propionate 15 1.5
Vitamin C 0.05 0.005
Potassium chloride 0.05 0.005
Lamb composite pre-mixed fodder for sheep 50 5
Add up to 1000 100
Described in every g, composite natral thing preparation consists of the following composition: evodia rutaecarpa 40 parts, fig 70 parts, 40 parts, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, the banksia rose 40 parts, the root of large-flowered skullcap 30 parts, the capsule of weeping forsythia 30 parts, honeysuckle 30 parts, rhizoma atractylodis 40 parts, radish seed 60 parts, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf 30 parts, 60 parts, the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, hawthorn 60 parts, 40 parts, Poria cocos, Divine Comedy 40 parts, rhizoma pinellinae praeparata 60 parts, Chinese yam 70 parts, coix seed 60 parts and tapioca dextrin 200 parts.It is prepared by following methods: being ground through micronizer respectively by each raw material except tapioca dextrin is 200 order smalls, mixes, mixes further with tapioca dextrin, and sterilization, dry final vacuum are preserved, for subsequent use.
2, preparation method:
Take each raw material according to proportioning, after mixing, make the particle of diameter 2-4 cm with granulator, after cool drying, namely obtain lamb opened guideway.
3, using method:
Interpolation opened guideway from lamb 21 age in days, increases by amount.Feeding time is: every day, secondary timing was fed to lamb, free choice feeding.Supply the roughage such as sheep's hay, agricultural crop straw, free choice feeding simultaneously.
Embodiment 3: lamb opened guideway
1, form:
Composition Weight (kg) Percentage by weight (%)
Paddy 121.48 12.148
Corn 78 7.8
Peanut meal 150 15
Expanded soybean 40 4
Molasses 50 5
DDGS 100 10
Mulberry leaf powder 200 20
Manioc waste 70 7
Lysine 9 0.9
Methionine 5 0.5
Threonine 2 0.2
Tryptophan 0.5 0.05
Composite natral thing preparation 3 0.3
Beet pulp 40 4
Jujube slag 30 3
Calcium propionate 20 2
Vitamin C 0.02 0.002
Potassium chloride 1 0.1
Lamb composite pre-mixed fodder for sheep 80 8
Add up to 1000 100
Described in every g, composite natral thing preparation is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight portion: evodia rutaecarpa 35 parts, fig 75 parts, 30 parts, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, the banksia rose 30 parts, the root of large-flowered skullcap 25 parts, the capsule of weeping forsythia 25 parts, honeysuckle 25 parts, rhizoma atractylodis 30 parts, radish seed 65 parts, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf 40 parts, 50 parts, the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, hawthorn 40 parts, 45 parts, Poria cocos, Divine Comedy 50 parts, rhizoma pinellinae praeparata 70 parts, Chinese yam 60 parts, coix seed 50 parts and tapioca dextrin 255 parts.It is prepared by following methods: being ground through micronizer respectively by each raw material except tapioca dextrin is 300 order smalls, mixes, mixes further with tapioca dextrin, and sterilization, dry final vacuum are preserved, for subsequent use.
2, preparation method:
Take each raw material according to proportioning, after mixing, make the particle of diameter 2-4 cm with granulator, after cool drying, namely obtain lamb opened guideway.
3, using method:
Interpolation opened guideway from lamb 21 age in days, increases by amount.Feeding time is: every day, secondary timing was fed to lamb, free choice feeding.Supply the roughage such as beanstalk, rape stalk, free choice feeding simultaneously.
Experimental example 1: opened guideway feeding effect is verified
1, test site environmental condition: test and carry out in sheep plant of Taizhou, Jiangsu Province Jiangyan City summer.Locality belongs to subtropical zone monsoon climate, and monsoon circulation climatic effect is remarkable, and make a clear distinction between the four seasons, the summer in winter is longer, and spring and autumn is shorter.Long-term temperature on average 14.5 DEG C, mean annual precipitation 991.7 millimeters, on 117 days rain days of annual, annual warmer climate, illumination is sufficient, with heavy rainfall.For the July in test, average maximum 30 DEG C, average minimum temperature 24 DEG C, thermal extremes 36 DEG C, rainfall 15 days.
2, experimental animal: select average Birth weight about 2.5kg, birth 7 days within sheep lamb 60, male and female ratio is 1:1.
3, test grouping:
60 lambs are divided into 5 processed group at random, often organize 12; The lamb of 5 processed group is respectively divided into three hurdles and feeds, 4, every hurdle, male and female half and half.Wherein:
A group: the opened guideway provided with embodiment 1 of feeding;
B group: the opened guideway provided with embodiment 2 of feeding;
C group: the opened guideway provided with embodiment 3 of feeding;
D group: the corn-soybean meal opened guideway of feeding traditional, filling a prescription is: corn 48.6%, dregs of beans 25%, wheat bran 15%, DDGS 5%, lysine 0.6%, methionine 0.4%, threonine 0.3%, tryptophan 0.1%, lamb composite pre-mixed fodder for sheep 5%.Its trophic level and A, B, C are consistent substantially.
E group: the corn-soybean meal opened guideway of feeding traditional, filling a prescription is: corn 47.4%, dregs of beans 25%, wheat bran 15%, DDGS 5%, lysine 0.6%, methionine 0.4%, threonine 0.3%, tryptophan 0.1%, lamb composite pre-mixed fodder for sheep 5%, embodiment 1 composite natral thing preparation 1.2%.Its trophic level and A, B, C are consistent substantially.
4, feeding and management
All test lambs all beat overbit, and special messenger is in charge of.Each repetition 1 field raises 4, and each field every first quarter moon sterilization once.With ewe lactation before lamb 19 age in days, 20 ages in days be separated with ewe raise and milk replacer of feeding until 60 ages in days.When 0-50 age in days, 50-60 age in days, milk replacer is suitable for that scale of feeding is respectively body weight 2.0%, 1.5%.Test lamb all starts training in 15 ages in days and to search for food each processed group opened guideway, and 21 ages in days play free choice feeding and freely drink water, until 90 age in days off-tests.
Detailed ration ingredient is in table 1.
Table 1: opened guideway and milk replacer trophic level (air bells dry basis) %
5, testing index and method
5.1 growth performance
Respectively birth, 30,60,90d weighs every lamb weight before raising morning.Record inventory and surplus doses (opened guideway calculates from 15 ages in days) every day.Calculate the average daily gain (ADG) in each age in days stage, feed intake.
5.2 nutritive digestibility
Digestion trial is carried out before lamb 90 age in days.Collect lamb ight soil with metabolic cage, raise 2 days phases in advance, just trying 4 days phases.Detailed record just to try in the phase Fecal wastes of every lamb every day, and every day carries out collection excrement sample with 10% of total amount, and the dilute sulfuric acid that the fresh excrement of every 100g adds 10ml 10% carries out fixed nitrogen.Finally mix the excrement sample gathered for four days also again to sample by 10%, dry rear-20 DEG C of freezen protective for 65 DEG C.Measure main nutrient composition content in feed and ight soil, calculate digestibility.
5.3 Slaughters and shoot formation measure
Often process when lamb 90 age in days and choose health, body weight close to 4 lambs (male and female half and half) of average weight, the same day, 16:00 weighed, and fasting, prohibited water 16h, and next day, 08:00 weighed before butchering again.Test sheep is through CO 2after gas causes and swoons, jugular vein bloodletting is butchered.
Alimentary canal clears contents thing after rinsing well, take cud, reticulum, omasum, abomasum, small intestine, large intestine weight respectively, carry out record.
5.4 meat indexs
On-the-spot adopt Konica Minolta CR-10 colour difference meter to measure longissimus dorsi muscle and gluteus L (bright values), a (red value) and b (blue value) (each sample determination 3 times then average as final result).
Drip loss measures: get lamb longissimus dorsi muscle 2 pieces after butchering, and longly × wide × thick is respectively 5 × 3 × 2cm 3, to hang in Disposable paper cup sealing respectively and meat sample contact with wall of cup, after being placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerator 24h, taking-up blotting paper blots surface moisture and weighs, calculating drip loss.
Drip loss=(first sample heavy-Mo sample weight)/first sample heavy × 100%
Dehydration power measures: intercept one section, longissimus dorsi muscle 5cm meat sample after first lumbar vertebra, and horizontal, on the rubber tissue of cleaning, is that (area is about 5cm for the rounded sample device of 2.532cm with diameter 2), cut center portion thickness and be about one piece, 1cm eye muscle sample, weigh with the balance that sensibility reciprocal is 0.001g immediately, then be positioned over and be covered with the good qualitative Medium speed filter paper of multi-layer absorbent, do not appear with moisture, all exhaustion is as the criterion, and is generally on the pressure gauge platform of 18 layers of qualitative Medium speed filter paper, 18 layers of qualitative filter paper are covered above meat sample, upper and lowerly respectively add one piece of plastic plate write and be forced into 35kg, keep 5min, after removing pressure, take meat sample weight immediately, calculate percentage of water loss.
Weight × 100% before percentage of water loss (%)=(after weight before meat sample pressure-meat sample pressure weight)/meat sample pressure.
6, Data Analysis Services
Test data adopts Excel 2010 to carry out edit, and statistical analysis adopts MIXED and GLM program process in SAS9.2 statistical analysis software respectively to organize data, and result difference significantly then carries out Multiple range test by LSD method.In statistical analysis, P<0.05 is significant difference.
7, result
The growth performance of 5 kinds of lamb opened guideway lambs 7.1 feed: in table 2.
Table 2:5 kind opened guideway is on the impact of Lamb daily gain and feed intake
Note: the different lowercase alphabet of colleague's data shoulder mark shows significant difference (P < 0.05).
Table 2 result shows, compared with ordinary maize-bean pulp type opened guideway, adopt southern area feedstuff and the preparation of industrial crops accessory substance, use this patent product of composite natral thing additive and resisting stress conditioning agent to feed A, B, C group lamb, its average daily gain increases, particularly B group, reach the level of signifiance (P<0.05), A, B, component C be not than D group improve 17.9%, 22.3%, 10.9%; Improve opened guideway feed intake, 15-90 age in days B group pole is significantly higher than C, A, D group (P<0.01), and A, C group is significantly higher than again D group (P<0.05) simultaneously.
Compared with ordinary maize-bean pulp type opened guideway D group, with the addition of the E group of this patent composite natral thing additive, average daily gain improves 7.3% at 1-90 age in days, opened guideway feed intake improves 6.4%, show that the composite natral thing additive of this patent is in promotion lamb appetite, improve feed feed intake aspect and there is advantage, can gaining in weight of lamb be promoted.
7.2 to feed under 5 kinds of lamb opened guideway lamb to the digestibility of nutriment: in table 3.
Table 3:5 kind opened guideway is on the impact of lamb nutriment apparent digestibility
Note: the different lowercase alphabet of colleague's data shoulder mark shows significant difference (P < 0.05).
Table 3 result shows: dry, organic matter, energy apparent digestibility all with A, B group higher than C, E group, and be significantly higher than D group (P<0.05); The Changing Pattern of calcium, phosphorus apparent digestibility is close with it, but difference does not reach the level of signifiance; On nitrogen apparent digestibility, A, B, C group is all significantly higher than D group (P<0.05) a little more than E group.
Result illustrates: opened guideway provided by the invention is conducive to the digestion power improving lamb.
7.3 feed lamb 90 age in days gastrointestinal development situation under 5 kinds of lamb opened guideway: in table 4
Table 4:5 kind opened guideway is on the impact of lamb intestines and stomach weight
Note: the different lowercase alphabet of colleague's data shoulder mark shows significant difference (P < 0.05).
Table 4 result shows: in complex stomach weight, A, B, C group is all significantly higher than D group (P<0.05), and E group is a little more than D group; In complex stomach, cud proportion, A, B, C, E group all higher than D group, wherein A, B group and D group significant difference (P<0.05).Other indexs do not present significant difference.
Result shows: opened guideway provided by the invention has certain advantage in promotion lamb cud development.
7.4 feed lamb 90 age in days meat index under 5 kinds of lamb opened guideway: in table 5.
Table 5:5 kind opened guideway is on the impact of lamb meat quality
Note: the different lowercase alphabet of colleague's data shoulder mark shows significant difference (P < 0.05).
Table 5 result shows: percentage of water loss, drip loss 5 group difference of longissimus dorsi muscle are all not remarkable; Yellowish pink L, b value of A, B, C, E group lamb eye muscle is significantly higher than D group (P<0.05), and each group difference of a value is not remarkable; Between yellowish pink L, a, b value 5 groups of gluteus, difference is not remarkable.
Result is pointed out, and opened guideway provided by the invention may improve brightness and the yellowing of lamb eye muscle, thus produces certain impact to yellowish pink.
8, conclusion
Lamb opened guideway provided by the invention, compared with ordinary maize-bean pulp type opened guideway, under can promoting high temperature hygrothermal environment, lamb is to the feed intake of opened guideway, improves nutritive digestibility, thus improve lamb weight growth, to muscle colour brightness and yellowing, there is improvement result simultaneously.
Although above with general explanation, detailed description of the invention and test, the present invention is described in detail, and on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.

Claims (10)

1. be applicable to an opened guideway for hot and humid regional lamb, it is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight portion: paddy, corn, peanut meal, expanded soybean, molasses, DDGS, mulberry leaf powder, manioc waste, lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, composite natral thing preparation, beet pulp, jujube slag, calcium propionate, vitamin C, potassium chloride and lamb composite pre-mixed fodder for sheep.
2. opened guideway according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described opened guideway is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight portion: paddy 5-13 part, corn 7-20 part, peanut meal 3-15 part, expanded soybean 4-13 part, molasses 1-5 part, DDGS 3-10 part, mulberry leaf powder 20-35 part, manioc waste 3-7 part, lysine 0.6-0.9 part, methionine 0.3-0.5 part, threonine 0.2-0.4 part, tryptophan 0.05-0.2 part, composite natral thing preparation 0.3-1.2 part, beet pulp 3-5 part, jujube slag 3-8 part, calcium propionate 0.5-2 part, vitamin C 0.002-0.01 part, potassium chloride 0.002-0.01 part and lamb composite pre-mixed fodder for sheep 3-8 part.
3. opened guideway described according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described opened guideway is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight portion: paddy 5-9 part, corn 11-20 part, peanut meal 3-8 part, expanded soybean 10-13 part, molasses 1-2 part, DDGS 3-5.0 part, mulberry leaf powder 30-35 part, manioc waste 3-5.0 part, lysine 0.6-0.8 part, methionine 0.3-0.4 part, threonine 0.3-0.4 part, tryptophan 0.1-0.2 part, composite natral thing preparation 0.7-1.2 part, beet pulp 3-5 part, jujube slag 6-8 part, calcium propionate 0.5-1.5 part, vitamin C 0.005-0.1 part, potassium chloride 0.002-0.005 part and lamb composite pre-mixed fodder for sheep 2-5 part.
4. opened guideway according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described opened guideway is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight portion: paddy 9 parts, corn 11.09 parts, peanut meal 8 parts, expanded soybean 10 parts, 2 parts, molasses, DDGS 5.0 parts, mulberry leaf powder 30 parts, manioc waste 5.0 parts, lysine 0.8 part, methionine 0.4 part, threonine 0.3 part, tryptophan 0.1 part, 0.7 part, composite natral thing preparation, beet pulp 5 parts, jujube slag 6 parts, calcium propionate 1.5 parts, vitamin C 0.005 part, 0.005 part, potassium chloride and lamb composite pre-mixed fodder for sheep 5 parts.
5. the opened guideway according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, the active component of every part of composite natral thing preparation is made up of the natural plants of following weight portion: evodia rutaecarpa 35-45 part, fig 65-75 part, fruit of a cubeb litsea tree 30-50 part, banksia rose 30-50 part, root of large-flowered skullcap 25-35 part, capsule of weeping forsythia 25-35 part, honeysuckle 25-35 part, rhizoma atractylodis 30-50 part, radish seed 55-65 part, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf 20-40 part, rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge 50-70 part, hawthorn 40-80 part, Poria cocos 35-45 part, Divine Comedy 30-50 part, rhizoma pinellinae praeparata 50-70 part, Chinese yam 60-80 part and coix seed 50-70 part.
6. opened guideway according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, every part of described composite natral thing preparation is made into by the natural plants of following weight portion: evodia rutaecarpa 40-45 part, fig 65-70 part, fruit of a cubeb litsea tree 40-50 part, banksia rose 40-50 part, root of large-flowered skullcap 30-35 part, capsule of weeping forsythia 30-35 part, honeysuckle 30-35 part, rhizoma atractylodis 40-50 part, radish seed 60-65 part, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf 20-30 part, rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge 60-70 part, hawthorn 60-80 part, Poria cocos 35-40 part, Divine Comedy 30-40 part, rhizoma pinellinae praeparata 50-60 part, Chinese yam 70-80 part and coix seed 60-70 part.
7. opened guideway according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, every part of described composite natral thing preparation is made up of the natural plants of following weight portion: evodia rutaecarpa 40 parts, fig 70 parts, 40 parts, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, the banksia rose 40 parts, the root of large-flowered skullcap 30 parts, the capsule of weeping forsythia 30 parts, honeysuckle 30 parts, rhizoma atractylodis 40 parts, radish seed 60 parts, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf 30 parts, 60 parts, the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, hawthorn 60 parts, 40 parts, Poria cocos, Divine Comedy 40 parts, rhizoma pinellinae praeparata 60 parts, Chinese yam 70 parts and coix seed 60 parts.
8. the opened guideway according to any one of claim 5-7, it is characterized in that, the auxiliary material of described composite natral thing preparation is tapioca dextrin, and in every part of composite natral thing preparation, the consumption of tapioca dextrin is 135-255 part, be preferably 135-200 part, more preferably 200 parts.
9. prepare a method for the opened guideway described in any one of claim 1-8, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps: pulverized respectively by all raw materials, crosses 40 mesh sieves, takes each composition, mix by proportioning, granulates, dry, to obtain final product.
10. the opened guideway described in any one of claim 1-8 is in the application on the lamb of high temperature damp-heat area of feeding.
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