CN104584270A - 用于铅酸电池的具有凝胶浸渍非织造物的电池隔板 - Google Patents
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Abstract
在一个实施方案中,用于铅酸电池的电池隔板包括凝胶浸渍非织造物。所述非织造物包括酸可溶性纤维和非酸可溶性纤维。所述凝胶的基重在所述非织造物基重的约20-160%范围内。在另一个实施方案中,用于铅酸电池的电池隔板包括附着有所述凝胶浸渍非织造物的微孔膜。
Description
相关申请
本申请要求于2012年8月22日提交的共同未决的临时美国申请No.61/692,058的优先权和权益,所述申请以引用的方式并入本文。
技术领域
本发明是有关新颖或改进的电池隔板、组件、电池和/或相关制造方法和/或用途,还有关于用于铅酸电池的具有凝胶浸渍非织造物的电池隔板,而且有关于凝胶浸渍非织造物和包括这类隔板或非织造物的电池。
发明背景
铅酸电池已随着对移动电源的需求越来越多而随时间演变。这项技术正准备着随着混合电力车辆(HEV)或‘微HEV’的日益普及而再次演变。对用于HEV的电池的需求和常规汽油动力车辆不同。举例来说,HEV电池将以部分充电状态(PSoC)操作,约50至80%充电。因此,电池将经历浅充电/重新充电循环,并且不会经历过度充电,在该过度充电期间水的解离析出氢气和氧气,析出的氢气和氧气会使电池内分层的酸混合。此外,活性物质的保持也是必需解决的问题。
因此,需要新颖隔板技术来满足和克服随着HEV的出现而产生的新挑战。
附图简述
为了说明本发明,图式中显示目前优选的形式;然而应了解,本发明不限于所示的精确配置和工具。
图1为本发明的隔板的一个实施方案的图解说明。
发明概要
在一个实施方案中,用于铅酸电池的电池隔板包括凝胶浸渍非织造物。非织造物优选包括酸可溶性纤维和非酸可溶性纤维。凝胶的基重在非织造物基重的约20-160%范围内。在另一个实施方案中,用于铅酸电池的电池隔板包括附着有凝胶浸渍非织造物的微孔膜。
发明的详细描述
参考图1,其中相同数字指的是相同要素,该图显示用于铅酸电池的隔板10。在一个实施方案中,隔板10可为凝胶浸渍非织造物14,在另一个实施方案中,隔板10可包括附着有凝胶浸渍非织造物14的微孔膜12。
微孔膜12可为任何常规微孔膜。在一个实施方案中,膜12可为常规用于铅酸电池的膜,例如可从Daramic LLC of Owensboro,KY获得的膜。这类常规膜可由填充聚合物制成,其中聚合物可为聚烯烃,诸如超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE),且填料为二氧化硅,参看例如美国专利第US3,351,495号;第US3,917,772号;第US4,927,722号;第US5,230,843号;第US5,679,479号;第US5,776,630号;第US5,789,103号;第US6,410,183号;第WO01/13,442号;Besenhard,J.O.编,Handbook of Battery Materials,Wiley-VCH VerlagGmbH,Weinheim,Germany(1999),第9章,第245页-第292页,其以引用的方式并入本文。这些膜可包括多个竖立在背腹板18上的凸条16。凸条16通常在纵向方向(machine direction,MD)上延伸。膜14还可包括多个侧棱凸条20。侧棱凸条20也竖立在背腹板18上,但高度一般小于凸条16的高度。侧棱凸条20通常在纵向方向(MD)上延伸。膜12也可包括多个反面横向凸条22(未图示)。反面横向凸条22从膜背侧(即与具有凸条16的侧面相反的侧面)竖立且一般在横向方向(cross machine direction,TD)上延伸。
凝胶浸渍非织造物14可附着于膜12。在一个实施方案中,附着指的是连接在一起或接合。非织造物14可接合至凸条16的顶部。接合24可以通过胶粘和/或焊接形成。焊接可包括压力焊接、热焊接和/或超声焊接。
凝胶浸渍非织造物14的非织造物可为任何非织造物。在一个实施方案中,非织造物可为酸可溶性纤维与非酸可溶性纤维的掺合物。酸可溶性纤维可为任何可溶解于电池电解质的酸(在铅酸电池中,该酸通常为硫酸)中并且允许凝胶(或其前体)附着于其的纤维。在一个实施方案中,可溶性纤维可为纤维素纤维、聚酰胺(例如尼龙)纤维、其共聚物或其掺合物。不可溶性纤维可为不溶解于电池电解质的酸中并且可能允许或不允许凝胶附着于其的任何纤维。在一个实施方案中,不可溶性纤维可为合成纤维、玻璃纤维或其掺合物。合成纤维包括聚烯烃(例如聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚丁烯等)、聚酯(即聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)等)、丙烯酸、其共聚物和/或其掺合物。可溶性纤维与不可溶性纤维的重量比在一个实施方案中可在约20-80:20-80范围内;在另一个实施方案中,所述比率可为约30-70:30-70;在另一个实施方案中,所述比率可为约40-60:40-60;且包括上述范围集合中的所有子集。非织造物的基重可在约10-50克/平方米(gsm)范围内,在另一个实施方案中,约20-40gsm,或另一个实施方案,约25-35gsm,且包括上述范围集合中的所有子集。非织造物的孔隙率可大于约1000l/m2·s,或约1200l/m2·s,或约1500l/m2·s。在一个实施方案中,非织造物可为用于形成铅酸电池的板或电极的‘裱糊纸’。一种这类裱糊纸以DYNAGRID NG 28形式购买自Glatfelter GmbH。
凝胶浸渍非织造物14的凝胶(或胶凝剂)可为与电池的电解质接触时能够形成凝胶的任何材料。当所述材料与电解质接触时,形成凝胶。这些凝胶可能能够经得住电池的电解质,例如具有可溶性和物理吸附特性,使能够在电池电解质的pH值约束内半溶解导致凝胶形成和酸并入。举例来说,胶凝剂可在浆料(胶凝剂)、流体(任选)和粘合剂(任选)中施用至非织造物。接着,可以使浆料干燥,由此使胶凝剂附着至(或浸渍)非织造物。当凝胶浸渍隔板浸没于电解质中时,胶凝剂吸附电解质的酸,膨胀并且由此形成凝胶。在一个实施方案中,凝胶为基于二氧化硅(SiO2)的凝胶。二氧化硅可为包括沉淀、发烟、胶态和/或化学改质的任何二氧化硅。在另一个实施方案中,胶凝剂可为硅酸盐和/或非硅酸盐矿物或化合物或超强吸附聚合物。
凝胶浸渍至非织造物中。浸渍意思是凝胶附着至非织造物的全部或大部分纤维,同时维持非织造物的至少一些孔隙率。凝胶可以任何方式浸渍至非织造物中。凝胶(或其前体)通常可以非凝胶状态(即前体)施用至非织造物。凝胶可通过帘幕涂布、浸渍、喷洒、滚轧、刷涂和类似方式施用至非织造物。在一个实施方案中,凝胶可占非织造物基重的约20-160重量%;在另一个实施方案中,约25-150重量%;在另一个实施方案中,约40-100%;在另一个实施方案中,约50-80%;且包括上述范围集合中的所有子集。可在向非织造物施用之前向胶凝剂(或其前体)中添加粘合剂,以帮助所述材料附着至非织造物。粘合剂可为任何粘合剂。在一个实施方案中,粘合剂可为乳胶、聚乙烯醇(PVA)和其组合。
使用时,凝胶浸渍非织造物可置于正电极附近(并且压住)(称为电池放电),并且微孔膜若使用则可置于负电极附近(称为放电)。尽管不受任何特定理论约束,但相信当本发明隔板置于电池的电解质中时,酸溶解掉可溶性纤维,留下完整的凝胶,形成残余材料的空心管。所述空心管与具有完整可溶性纤维的凝胶浸渍非织造物相比非常多孔并且降低隔板的电阻。
前述隔板可用于任何电池中。在一个实施方案中,电池可为铅酸电池。隔板可用于例如用于以下例示性应用的电池中:ISS(闲置停止启动电池)、HEV(混合电力车辆电池)和EFB(电燃料电池)
实施例
表格显示具有和不具有胶凝剂的非织造物之间的比较。所用非织造物为Glatfelter's DYNAGRID 328NG裱糊纸(基重28gsm)并且具有40重量%可溶性纤维(纤维素)和60重量%不可溶性纤维(聚酯)。
各非织造物如下处理:A-将不具有胶凝剂的非织造物浸泡在硫酸中持续24小时;B-在电池中2周后具有11gsm二氧化硅的非织造物;C-在电池中2周后具有16gsm二氧化硅的非织造物;以及D-在电池中2周后具有21gsm二氧化硅的非织造物。对五个薄片进行测试并且报导平均电阻。
表格
样品 | 电阻(mΩ·in2) |
A(无胶凝剂) | 2.1 |
B(11gsm二氧化硅) | 1.3 |
C(16gsm二氧化硅) | 1.5 |
D(21gsm二氧化硅) | 2.1 |
根据至少所选实施方案、方面或目标,本发明解决新颖或改进的电池隔板、组件、电池和/或相关制造方法和/或用途、用于铅酸电池的具有凝胶浸渍非织造物的电池隔板、凝胶浸渍非织造物和/或包括这类隔板或非织造物的电池的需要、提供或针对新颖或改进的电池隔板、组件、电池和/或相关制造方法和/或用途、用于铅酸电池的具有凝胶浸渍非织造物的电池隔板、凝胶浸渍非织造物和/或包括这类隔板或非织造物的电池。
根据至少所选实施方案、方面或目标,本发明解决用于铅酸电池的电池隔板的需要、提供或针对用于铅酸电池的电池隔板,其包含凝胶浸渍非织造物,所述非织造物包含酸可溶性纤维和非酸可溶性纤维。上述电池隔板,其中所述非织造物具有一基重并且所述凝胶具有在约20-160%所述非织造物基重范围内的基重。上述电池隔板,其中所述凝胶为硅胶。上述电池隔板,其中所述酸可溶性纤维为纤维素纤维。上述电池隔板,其中所述不可溶性纤维为聚合物和/或玻璃纤维。上述电池隔板,其中可溶性纤维与不可溶性纤维的重量比在约20-80:20-80范围内。上述电池隔板还包含附着于所述凝胶浸渍非织造物的微孔膜。上述电池隔板,其中所述膜为聚合物填充膜。上述电池隔板,其中所述聚合物为聚烯烃。上述电池隔板,其中所述填料为基于二氧化硅的材料。上述电池隔板,其中所述膜具有凸条。上述电池隔板,其中所述凸条为纵向方向和/或横向方向上延伸并且在正面或反面上的凸条。上述电池隔板,其中所述非织造物通过接合附着至所述膜。上述电池隔板,其中所述接合为胶粘和/或焊接。上述电池隔板,其中所述焊接包括压力焊接、热焊接和/或超声焊接。在电池中,改进包括上述电池隔板。
用于铅酸电池的电池隔板包含:具有不可溶性纤维的非织造物和由凝胶形成的管。在电池中,改进包括上述电池隔板。
一种凝胶浸渍非织造物,其用于复合电池隔板中,所述复合电池隔板用于诸如ISS、HEV或EFB电池的铅酸电池且包含具有不可溶性纤维的凝胶浸渍非织造物和由凝胶形成的管。在电池中,改进包括上述非织造物。
在至少一个特别实施方案中,用于铅酸电池的电池隔板包括凝胶浸渍非织造物。非织造物包括酸可溶性纤维和非酸可溶性纤维。凝胶的基重在非织造物基重的约20-160%范围内。在另一个实施方案中,用于铅酸电池的电池隔板包括附着有凝胶浸渍非织造物的微孔膜。
本发明可以不悖离其精神和基本属性的其他形式具体化,且因此如本发明的范畴所指示将参考随附权利要求书而非前述说明书。
Claims (20)
1.一种用于铅酸电池的电池隔板,其包含:
凝胶浸渍非织造物,所述非织造物包含酸可溶性纤维和非酸可溶性纤维。
2.如权利要求1所述的电池隔板,其中所述非织造物具有一基重并且所述凝胶具有在所述非织造物基重的约20-160%范围内的基重。
3.如权利要求1所述的电池隔板,其中所述凝胶为硅胶。
4.如权利要求1所述的电池隔板,其中所述酸可溶性纤维为纤维素纤维。
5.如权利要求1所述的电池隔板,其中所述非可溶性纤维为聚合物和/或玻璃纤维。
6.如权利要求1所述的电池隔板,其中可溶性纤维与不可溶性纤维的重量比在约20-80:20-80范围内。
7.如权利要求1所述的电池隔板,其还包含附着于所述凝胶浸渍非织造物的微孔膜。
8.如权利要求7所述的电池隔板,其中所述膜为聚合物填充膜。
9.如权利要求8所述的电池隔板,其中所述聚合物为聚烯烃。
10.如权利要求8所述的电池隔板,其中所述填料为基于二氧化硅的材料。
11.如权利要求7所述的电池隔板,其中所述膜具有凸条。
12.如权利要求11所述的电池隔板,其中所述凸条为在纵向方向和/或横向方向上延伸的凸条。
13.如权利要求7所述的电池隔板,其中所述非织造物通过接合附着至所述膜。
14.如权利要求13所述的电池隔板,其中所述接合为胶粘和/或焊接。
15.如权利要求14所述的电池隔板,其中所述焊接包括压力焊接、热焊接和/或超声焊接。
16.在电池中,改进包括如权利要求1所述的电池隔板。
17.一种用于铅酸电池的电池隔板,其包含:
具有不可溶性纤维的非织造物和由凝胶形成的管。
18.在电池中,改进包括如权利要求17所述的电池隔板。
19.一种凝胶浸渍非织造物,其用于复合电池隔板中,所述复合电池隔板用于诸如ISS、HEV或EFB电池的铅酸电池且包含具有不可溶性纤维的凝胶浸渍非织造物和由凝胶形成的管。
20.在电池中,改进包括如权利要求19所述的非织造物。
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