CN104582938A - 用于将可热收缩壳体施加到预绝缘的管道接头上的设备 - Google Patents

用于将可热收缩壳体施加到预绝缘的管道接头上的设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104582938A
CN104582938A CN201480002235.2A CN201480002235A CN104582938A CN 104582938 A CN104582938 A CN 104582938A CN 201480002235 A CN201480002235 A CN 201480002235A CN 104582938 A CN104582938 A CN 104582938A
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China
Prior art keywords
housing
equipment
equipment according
pipeline
heating plate
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CN201480002235.2A
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English (en)
Inventor
D·泰勒
P·拉夫瑞尔
J·J·寇德卡
M·布兰登
P·波兹考斯基
P·M·亚博
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Shawcor Ltd
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Shawcor Ltd
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Publication of CN104582938A publication Critical patent/CN104582938A/zh
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/0065Heat treatment
    • B29C63/0069Heat treatment of tubular articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/66Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by liberation of internal stresses, e.g. shrinking of one of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/38Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor by liberation of internal stresses
    • B29C63/42Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor by liberation of internal stresses using tubular layers or sheathings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1403Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1412Infrared [IR] radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1464Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators
    • B29C65/1467Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators at the same time, i.e. simultaneous welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5057Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like positioned between the surfaces to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7802Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
    • B29C65/782Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7823Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined by using distance pieces, i.e. by using spacers positioned between the parts to be joined and forming a part of the joint
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7802Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
    • B29C65/782Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7823Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined by using distance pieces, i.e. by using spacers positioned between the parts to be joined and forming a part of the joint
    • B29C65/7826Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined by using distance pieces, i.e. by using spacers positioned between the parts to be joined and forming a part of the joint said distance pieces being non-integral with the parts to be joined, e.g. particles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/348Avoiding melting or weakening of the zone directly next to the joint area, e.g. by cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/5324Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length
    • B29C66/53241Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length said articles being tubular and said substantially annular single elements being of finite length relative to the infinite length of said tubular articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/727General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being porous, e.g. foam
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
    • B29C66/73715General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable heat-shrinkable
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/87Auxiliary operations or devices
    • B29C66/874Safety measures or devices
    • B29C66/8744Preventing overheating of the parts to be joined, e.g. if the machine stops or slows down
    • B29C66/87445Preventing overheating of the parts to be joined, e.g. if the machine stops or slows down by introducing protection shields
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/14Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L59/16Arrangements specially adapted to local requirements at flanges, junctions, valves or the like
    • F16L59/18Arrangements specially adapted to local requirements at flanges, junctions, valves or the like adapted for joints
    • F16L59/20Arrangements specially adapted to local requirements at flanges, junctions, valves or the like adapted for joints for non-disconnectable joints
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/24Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor being self-supporting
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73751General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being uncured, i.e. non cross-linked, non vulcanized
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73755General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being fully cured, i.e. fully cross-linked, fully vulcanized
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9131Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91311Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by measuring the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
    • B29C66/91313Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by measuring the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating by measuring the voltage, i.e. the electric potential difference or electric tension
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9131Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91311Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by measuring the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
    • B29C66/91315Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by measuring the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating by measuring the current intensity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91651Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
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    • B29L2023/225Insulated

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Abstract

一种用于加热可热收缩壳体的设备,所述可热收缩壳体围绕预绝缘的管道中的接头设置。该加热装置包括:多个模块化部件。每个部件包括包含安装座的框架、加热器和隔热屏。安装座搁置于预绝缘的管道的外表面护套上。每个部件在框架中的铰链区域处连接到相邻的部件,以形成围绕管道的柔性的关节活动段。

Description

用于将可热收缩壳体施加到预绝缘的管道接头上的设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种自动热收缩装置及其使用方法,该装置可用于形成具有聚合物外表面护套的两个管状部段之间的连接,例如是区域供热绝缘管线的两个部段之间的连接。
背景技术
通常,例如在区域供热管线中使用的预绝缘管道包括用合适的泡沫绝缘的内部金属管道,所述泡沫涂覆有聚合物外表面护套。预绝缘管道被制造成多段,每一段在每一端部处具有不存在泡沫涂层和外表面护套的短的区域,以允许在管道接头处将管道的暴露端部焊接在一起。一旦管道在管道接头处焊接在一起,就使用多种可用壳体中的一种来覆盖和保护管道接头。例如,壳体可以呈围绕焊接的管道接头施加的可热收缩壳体的形式。在这种情况下,壳体装配到管道接头,然后热收缩到邻近接头的聚合物表面护套的边缘上。壳体在纵向上足够宽以与管道的两个部段的聚合物表面护套重叠。重叠的区域在壳体和护套之间具有合适的粘合剂以提供密封,如例如在美国专利4,521,470中所描述的,该专利以引用方式并入本文。
这样的壳体可以是预成形的圆柱形壳体,其(在预收缩状态下)具有比管道略大的直径。就这样的壳体而言,在管道接头被焊接之前,壳体围绕管道中的一个滑动,然后在两个管道焊接之后围绕管道接头定位。这样的壳体也可由柔性片材或薄膜制成,该柔性片材或薄膜在管道接头被焊接之后围绕管道接头的周缘定位。在这种情况下,柔性片材或薄膜通常具有横跨管道接头纵向定位的两个相对的重叠边缘;在壳体热收缩之前,这些重叠的边缘粘合或熔合在一起。
在许多情况下,使用粘合剂将壳体粘合到管道的聚合物外表面护套,该粘合剂施加到外表面护套或作为壳体的单独的内层而预先存在。
一旦壳体在管道接头的任一侧上粘合或熔合到管道的聚合物外表面护套,就用合适的绝缘物填充在壳体和管道之间的围绕管道接头的区域,该绝缘物通常呈泡沫的形式,其通过壳体中的小孔被压力注入。壳体中的第二小孔允许空气被泡沫移置以离开该区域。以这种方式,壳体实际上正形成这样的模具,该模具围绕在管道接头周围的暴露的管道区域,其然后用泡沫绝缘物填充,该泡沫绝缘物优选地且典型地在绝缘特性和/或组成上与在外表面护套下面存在的泡沫涂层类似。
通常,一旦壳体和泡沫被施加,管道接头就在强度、刚度和绝缘值方面具有与管道的其余部分类似的特性或更好的特性。
因此,在现场安装管线的一种已知方法包括:(1)在管道接头处将管道的暴露端部焊接在一起;(2)施加呈具有第一粘合剂层和第二聚合物层的柔性片材形式的壳体,使得柔性片材与被连接的两个管道的外表面护套重叠;(3)将柔性片材的重叠边缘粘合以形成围绕管道接头的壳体,使得第一粘合剂层成为内层;(4)使壳体围绕管道接头热收缩,而同时但间接地加热壳体的内粘合剂层以在管道接头的任一侧上将壳体粘合到两个管道的聚合物外表面护套;然后(5)将泡沫绝缘物注入到管道接头和壳体之间的间隙中。常常,这样的方法还需要预加热两个管道部段的聚合物外表面护套,以便帮助活化粘合剂并促进粘合。
在现场安装管线的第二种已知方法包括:(1)使预成形的圆柱形壳体围绕管道的暴露端部滑动并且移置壳体,使得管道的暴露端部露出并且可触及;(2)在管道接头处将管道的暴露端部焊接在一起;(3)使壳体往回滑动,使得壳体覆盖管道接头并且使得壳体与被连接的两个管道段的外表面护套重叠;(4)使壳体围绕管道接头热收缩,而同时但间接地加热壳体的内粘合剂层以在管道接头的任一侧上将壳体粘合到两个管道的聚合物外表面护套;然后(5)将泡沫绝缘物注入到形成于管道接头和壳体之间的间隙中。常常,这样的方法还需要预加热两个管道部段的聚合物外表面护套,以便帮助活化粘合剂并促进粘合。
对于这两种方法来说,壳体的每一侧可顺序地(通过将热量施加到壳体的一端,然后施加到另一端)或同时地(通过将热量同时施加到壳体的两端)加热并且粘合到外表面护套。在许多情况下,在外表面护套和壳体之间存在多达1英寸的间隙;施加壳体的一部分困难在于提供均一的间隙和围绕外表面护套均匀地收缩壳体。
在这些已知方法中,通常可热收缩壳体由交联聚乙烯或非交联聚乙烯制成。收缩受到向壳体施加热量的影响。在工业中使用的常见方法是通过使用诸如丙烷的合适的气体燃料的焰矩来施加热量。在该过程中,壳体收缩并且提供环向应力,以适形于下面的基底并且也影响粘接剂与基底的粘合。通常,重叠到主管道护套上的壳体的端部区域被加热并且收缩。这些端部区域的宽度从50mm至250mm变化。
当可热收缩壳体被施加在管道接头上并且使用手持式焰炬收缩时,该手动操作由于不均匀的加热而产生不完美的安装。焰矩的熟练使用很关键。例如,风大的环境可使火焰扩散并且使壳体的边缘过早地收缩。此外,除非小心地移动焰矩,否则炬焰会使壳体燃烧并且造成壳体分裂。在需要加热大面积的情况下,在壳体收缩的同时保持热量变得困难或不可能;这导致壳体的皱缩、由滞留空气导致的不完美安装、热收缩材料的撕裂或烧焦。有时,它还导致热收缩材料围绕接头(尤其是在底部处)的不恰当或不完全的粘附。区域供热管线通常铺设在沟槽中并且两条管线平行延伸,一条管线供给热水,而回流管线将冷水带回到中心站。这些管道之间以及另外至沟渠的相邻壁的间距常常很窄,其中在管道之间通常仅有12英寸至40英寸的可用空间,而在管道和沟槽的底部之间的间隙则少至7-9英寸。因此,几乎没有空间来操纵焰矩,以在壳体上完整地施加均匀且有效的加热。在许多情况下,壳体的施加和收缩在偏远、不方便的位置进行,因此,非常有利的是,加热装置或设备或例如焰矩为便携式并且可由一个人容易地携带和操纵。在其它情况下,壳体的施加和收缩非常靠近(常常小于25英尺远)公路或人行道进行,并且因此施加和收缩必须以安全而有效的方式进行。很多时候,禁止使用开放式焰矩。管道所在的沟槽常常十分窄,并且人在携带重的设备的同时不容易下到沟槽中。通常,在居民区,区域供热管线与其它管道和电信网络共享通道,并且因此,存在来自交叉的管网和电信与服务电缆的许多障碍。沟槽是泥泞、潮湿和脏的,并且遗憾的是,通常,区域越干净和干燥,壳体和管道之间的粘合就越好。
在壳体被施加在接头上之前,应按以下方式制备接头:接头管道涂层被清洁并且通过研磨或轻度喷砂来赋予粗糙度。接头通常需要预热以去除水分,但更重要的是达到某个温度以活化粘合剂,从而获得良好粘合。例如,对于其中典型的粘合剂可具有约90℃的熔点的聚乙烯型收缩壳体来说,管道的预热通常为60-90℃。当然,该温度可根据应用和服务条件而变化。
焰矩和加热器具的尺寸和配置在现场中大幅变化,就像待处理的管道的尺寸和配置一样。有时候,使用大型的强力焰矩。这些焰矩往往会大幅地张开且不允许壳体的集中加热。有时候,使用四个焰矩来收缩壳体以获得快的生产速度,其中两个操作者在管道的一侧上,两个在另一侧上,尤其是对于大尺寸的管道来说。这种做法使得几乎不可能在整个待加热区域中施加均匀、一致的热量,以准确地控制施加到不同的待收缩区域的热量,或准确地控制各个区域的加热顺序。常常,为了获得壳体的恰当粘合,需要保持基底的最低预热温度。当采用较少焰矩时,某些区域、例如邻近接头的相对端的外表面护套、往往会被冷却到低于最低预热温度,从而使壳体不能粘合到其上。因此,在收缩操作期间,必须将额外的长时间加热施加到重叠到主管道涂层上的壳体区域,以便将粘合剂-外表面护套交界部升高至足够的温度以实现可靠的粘合。对于焰矩来说,这是困难的,因为长时间加热会烧焦和损坏壳体,并且有时导致裂开。由于在壳体和基底护套管道之间存在间隙,基底被冷却,这一事实加重了对额外的长时间加热的需求。因此,集中的长时间加热对于在重叠的护套上实现良好粘合是必要的。风和恶劣的天气的存在只会加重此问题。长时间的额外加热也会烧焦和损坏相邻的聚合物护套,并且也在下面的泡沫绝缘物中产生析气。
获得在外表面护套和壳体之间的可靠牢固的粘合的能力对于保持管线的长使用寿命是关键的。对已失效的接头进行修理或更换壳体是费用非常高且困难的,因为在许多情况下管线被掩埋。焰矩加热的一个问题是,壳体往往会收缩到被连接的两个管道的外表面护套之间的间隙中。这产生管道直径上的差异、在接头处较少量的绝缘物以及在接头处壳体的弱化。避免这样的不期望的过量收缩的一种方式是提供隔热屏蔽,这增加了费用和复杂性。
本发明提供了至少在优选实施例中可避免上述问题的设备。具体而言,该设备为紧凑、重量轻、可升级和模块化、稳固和环境可耐受的、本质上安全和可靠的、在操作中类似于现有现场设备、柔性的、自适应的,并且制造、使用和操作简单。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面的是一种用于加热细长管状制品的设备,该设备包括:框架构件,其适于围绕所述制品设置,所述框架构件具有适于加热该制品并附连到所述框架构件的多个加热器装置,所述框架构件具有一定量的柔韧度,使得它能被定位或包裹在该制品上和离开该制品并且在这样的配置中直接或间接地夹持到制品上,即、使得加热器装置被定位成基本上均匀地加热该制品的整个周缘。该设备具有足够修长的轮廓,使得在所述细长管状制品具有12英寸或以下的水平(侧)间距和9英寸或以下的竖直间距(下方)的情况中,该设备能容易地包裹在所述制品周围和/或夹持到所述制品。
此外,所述设备的设计使得它被容易地携带在使用它的人的肩膀上,并且可以由一个人容易地用一只手携带它和用于为其供电的电源。这种携带电源单元的能力使其需要具有足够低的重量,并且这限制了单元的功率。已经确定,一个人能承载最多100磅的重量。据发现,在此重量范围内的功率单元可提供最多25KW的功率。在实验之后确定的是,为了使壳体收缩,设备应具有在0.5–20KW、优选0.5–10KW的范围内的功率。例如,得自Migatronics(密特电子公司)的型号P200-AC/DC的6KW电源重49磅(22kg)。类似地,12KW的单元重66磅,而18KW的单元重73磅。
所述设备具有进一步的优点,即,它具有类似毯子的柔性设计,其可以包裹在实际上任何形状的制品周围,例如,仅半管状制品或具有弯曲或缺陷的制品。
所述设备还具有进一步的优点,即,它是模块化的,使得它能通过添加或移除加热模块而构造和包裹在具有实际上任何直径的制品周围。
根据某些实施例,细长的管状制品是围绕区域供热管线中的接头的壳体。在某些其它实施例中,细长的管状制品为区域供热管线本身。
根据某些实施例,所述设备被构造成使得它在被定位在制品上时不接触制品。
在某些实施例中,所述制品被构造成使得它能直接夹持到管线。在其它实施例中,所述制品被构造成使得它实际上不接触管线本身,而是间接地夹持到围绕区域供热管线中的接头的壳体。
根据某些实施例,所述设备被构造成使得它在被定位在制品上时接触区域供热管线的外表面护套。该接触可以是夹持接触。
根据某些其它实施例,所述设备被构造成使得它在被定位在制品上时不接触区域供热管线的外表面护套。相反,它接触自身定位在区域供热管线中的接头周围的壳体。该接触可以是夹持接触。
根据本发明的一个方面,所述设备还包括用于控制加热器装置的控制器。
在某些实施例中,加热器装置包括多个可单独控制的加热区,所述加热区可以是周向的或纵向的。
在其它实施例中,加热器装置具有从加热器装置的一端到另一端固定的但逐步的加热。
在某些实施例中,加热器装置包括多个使用者可置换的加热面板。
在某些实施例中,加热器装置为红外加热器装置,例如,薄的冲压片材或箔带(其可被构造成正弦曲线或线性配置,以形成提供相对均匀的热量的加热平面)、石英管或瓷砖形式的红外元件、或者诸如催化面板加热器的扩散气体燃烧装置。在一个优选的实施例中,加热器装置是提供常规和红外热两者的电阻元件。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供了一种用于加热可热收缩壳体的设备,该可热收缩壳体围绕预绝缘的管道中的接头且设置在该接头周围,以将所述一个或多个端部部分密封或粘合到所述管道的外表面护套,所述设备包括:多个部件,每个部件具有:框架,所述框架包括具有安装面的安装区域;所述框架上附连有加热器,所述加热器包括面向与安装面相同的大体方向的加热板、以及耐热外部壳体;至少一个铰链区域,该铰链区域将所述多个部件连接到彼此以形成具有两个端部的柔性、铰接(articulated,关节运动)段,所述铰接段被构造成使得每个部件的安装面面向相同方向;所述多个部件电连接到彼此,以使得单个电源能将电能提供至加热板;所述设备还包括连接区域,该连接区域能够连接框架的所述铰接段的两个端部,以形成部件的圆形阵列,每个部件具有面向圆形阵列的中心的加热板和安装面以及面向外的外部壳体。
在某些实施例中,铰链区域位于框架上。
在某些实施例中,加热器还包括位于远离框架处的隔热屏。
在某些实施例中,所述设备还包括在所述加热板上的耐热间隔件,以防止所述加热板在操作时接触所述外表面护套。耐热间隔件可以是陶瓷。
在某些实施例中,连接区域为夹具,例如,具有1至12英寸、优选地约4英寸的行程的夹具。
在某些实施例中,安装面包括硅泡沫或硅泡沫和橡胶的双层。
在某些实施例中,铰链区域包括优选地由橡胶或诸如聚氨酯的弹性体聚合物制成的多个连接件。连接件可以是纤维增强的。
在某些实施例中,所述设备还包括在加热器的远端处的对准间隔件,相对于框架,所述对准间隔件大体上垂直于加热板突出远离加热器。
在某些实施例中,所述设备具有模块化配置,由此部件可被添加或移除以改变其总长度。
在某些实施例中,相邻的加热器电连接以形成并联的电连接网络。
在某些实施例中,相邻的加热器电连接以形成串联的电连接网络。
在某些实施例中,加热元件包括至少两个区,每个区提供不同水平的热或红外能量。这些区可被构造成使得区中的每一个递增地更加远离框架。加热元件也可包括渐变水平的热或红外能量,其中例如渐变可以从加热元件的最靠近框架的一部分到加热元件的最远离框架的一部分。
在某些实施例中,加热元件包括至少一个孔口,相对于在远离所述孔口的所述加热元件上的电阻在靠近所述孔口处提供增加的电阻。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供了一种用于使预拉伸的壳体在管道接头处收缩到管线的外表面护套的方法,该方法包括:将壳体围绕管道接头包裹或放置,以使得壳体在管道接头的任一侧上与外表面护套重叠;将本文所述的设备夹持到壳体,以使得所述多个部件围绕壳体,每个部件以安装面被夹持到壳体并且其加热板靠近与外表面护套重叠的壳体的一部分;以及将电能施加到加热板,该加热板利用所述电能来生成热量,该热量继而使壳体收缩到外表面护套。
根据本发明的又一个方面,提供了一种用于使预拉伸的壳体在管道接头处收缩到管线的外表面护套的方法,该方法包括:将壳体围绕管道接头包裹或放置,以使得壳体在管道接头的任一侧上与外表面护套重叠;将本文所述的设备夹持到外表面护套,以使得所述多个部件悬置于壳体上且围绕壳体,每个部件以安装面被夹持到外表面护套并且其加热板靠近与外表面护套重叠的壳体的一部分;以及将电能施加到加热板,该加热板利用所述电能来生成热量,该热量继而使壳体收缩到外表面护套。在某些实施例中,电能的施加为高电流、低电压电能。
根据本发明的又一个方面,提供了一种构造本文所述设备以夹持到管道外表面护套或壳体的方法,该方法包括:添加或移除设备的部件以形成适合夹持到所需的管道外表面护套或壳体的总设备长度。部件的移除可包括使部件在铰链区域处脱开。部件的添加可包括将附加部件联接到铰链区域处。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供了一种用于加热设置在管道接头周围的细长管状制品的方法,该方法包括:
·将本文所述设备包裹在制品周围;以及
·启动所述加热器设备。
在某些实施例中,当所述设备被包裹在制品周围时,所述设备实际上不接触该制品,而是仅接触管道。在其它优选实施例中,所述设备实际上不接触管道,或者与管道具有仅最小程度的接触,主要的接触是与制品接触。
传统地,焰矩用来加热如图5所示的端部区。对于本发明来说,加热装置包裹在邻近壳体端部区的外表面护套上,或者在一些配置中在壳体端部区上,以使得该装置围绕壳体的整个圆周,并且在装置和壳体之间具有均匀的间隙。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供了一种用于加热施加在细长管状制品周围的可热收缩壳体的方法,该方法包括:将本文所述设备包裹在壳体附近且夹持到壳体;以及利用所述加热器装置加热所述壳体。
附图说明
图1在剖视图中示出了区域供热管线的典型管道接头的示意图。
图2示出了图1的管道接头的三维立体示意图。
图3-5示出了将壳体施加到管道接头的现有技术方法。
图6示出了夹持到管道接头的本发明的设备的横截面的示意图。
图7示出了本发明的设备的照片。
图8-10示出了本发明的设备的三维立体图。
图11和图12示出了夹持在管道上的壳体周围的本发明的设备的照片。
图13和图14示出了夹持到围绕管道接头的壳体的本发明的设备的横截面的示意图。
图15是本发明的设备的部件的分解立体图。
图16示出了本发明的设备的部件的底面。
图17示出了本发明的设备的三维立体图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了用于加热诸如施加在例如在区域供热管线中的管道接头周围的可热收缩壳体的细长管状制品的设备。该设备能够承载在个人的肩膀上直至其准备好被使用,并且包裹在管道或壳体周围,即使该管道在近侧被第二大体平行的管道侧接,和/或即使该管道具有极小的距地间隙、或者以在管道和沟槽底部之间的极小距地间隙定位在沟槽中,或者即便有靠近管道的其它障碍物。
图1示出了典型的区域供热预绝缘管道接头的剖视图,该管道接头连接区域供热管道的两个部段,例如,将区域供热管道11连接到区域供热管道管线12。管道13通常是由一层绝缘物14(例如,泡沫绝缘物)围绕的钢管道,绝缘物14又由外表面护套16围绕,外表面护套16通常由诸如聚乙烯的聚合材料制成。金属管道13的两个部段在接头17处焊接在一起。还示出了腔体或间隙10,其为在管道接头17处围绕管道13的区域,且不包含绝缘物或外表面护套。
图2以一定程度上示意性的方式示出了图1的管道接头的立体图。
图3-5示出了用于将壳体施加到典型的区域供热管道中的接头的传统(现有技术)方法中的三个顺序步骤。管道13在接头17处被焊接,并且被绝缘物14和外表面护套16围绕。图3示出了包裹的粘合带32、34在外表面护套16上的端部区15区域中的接头的每一侧上的施加。粘合带32、34有利于壳体36的粘合。有时,粘合带32、34被预粘合到壳体端部区15的内表面。一旦施加了粘合带32、34,图4所示下一步骤就将壳体36放置在接头的顶上。壳体36在端部区15处与外表面护套16重叠,从而也与粘合带32、34重叠。由于壳体36的直径大于外表面护套16的直径,在外表面护套16和壳体36之间存在间隙39。多个间隔件37用来在壳体36和外表面护套16之间形成一致的距离,即,用来确保间隙39在壳体36的周缘上具有大约相同的长度。每个间隔件37通常为塑料或金属的“L”形件。间隔件37的一端通过被推入绝缘物14而保持在位;壳体36搁置在另一端上。
一旦壳体36如图4所示被恰当地定位,壳体36就粘合到外表面护套16,如图5所示。利用焰矩35加热靠近粘合带32、34的壳体36的部分。可选地且如图所示,隔热屏38用来防止来自焰矩35的热量损坏壳体。还示出了气隙10。
图6示出了区域供热管道的剖视图,其连接区域供热管道的两个部段或者将区域供热管道的一个部段连接到上面安装有本发明的设备的区域供热管线。设备50包括包裹在管道周围的多个类似或相同的部件51。应当理解,由于在图6中示出了剖视图,仅示出这些部件51中的两个,一个在管道13上方,第二个在管道13下方。每个部件51包括安装座52,其能够安装到外表面护套16上。如图所示,安装座52用夹具安装到外表面护套16。尤其应当注意的是,在某些优选实施例中,设备50也用夹具安装到壳体36。这是违反直觉的,因为壳体通常为柔性的、刚度较低的,并且在热收缩过程中可能改变直径。
安装座52附连到框架54,框架54继而附连到包括加热器58的设备外部壳体56。加热器58呈电阻性加热板(图6中未示出)的形式。
部件51还包括隔热屏60,隔热屏60可以在使用时接触壳体36,并且将由加热器58生成的热量限制在设备和壳体36之间的空间内。图6中还示出端子62,其连接设备的部件51中的每一个并且将电能分配于其。间隔件64为可选的,但在图6中被示出,其确保加热器58和壳体36之间限定的最小距离。
图7示出了本发明的设备的照片,该设备附连到标准的典型现有技术电源。设备50包括多个(在该示例中,17个)几乎相同的模块化部件51。该图示出了连接到框架54的安装座52。图中还示出连接到隔热屏60的外部壳体56。图中还示出在设备50的内部部分中的呈加热板59形式的加热器58。在该实施例中,加热器58不包括间隔件。在每个外部壳体56上示出两个端子62,并且端子62由线63连接。
图7还示出部件51的连接方式。铰链区域66将框架54中的每一个在柔性的铰链式组件中连接到彼此。如图所示,主铰链区域66包括多个橡胶连接件67,其提供一定的柔韧性、延展性和“可弯性(give)”,以允许将设备夹持到管道上。然而,在利用可压缩安装垫53(下文进一步描述)的实施例中,主铰链区域66可由刚性连接件制成,其中柔韧性、延展性和“可弯性”功能由可压缩安装垫53而不是连接件67提供。同样示出但很大程度上可任选的是远端铰链区域68,其大体上使部件51的配置相对于彼此稳定。
图7还示出在部件之间的电连接件,电连接件呈端子62和线63的形式。相邻部件51由线63通过端子62在外部连接,以形成并联或串联的电连接网络,根据需要满足连接到设备的电源的电压或电流要求。连接相邻部件51的多根线63形成网络,该网络将电力提供给所有部件51。线63可通过插入或拔出端子62来添加或移除。
图7还示出加热板59中的孔69,这些孔用来提供从加热板的一侧(靠近框架54)到另一侧(靠近隔热屏60)的渐变的热输出。下面将进一步描述这种渐变的热输出。
图8示出了本发明的一部分的另一个实施例的CAD图的立体图。图中示出了包括多个部件51的设备50,每个部件具有连接到加热器的外部壳体56的框架54。图中还示出主铰链区域66。应当注意,该实施例不具有次铰链区域68,并且也不具有电连接各部件的外部端子或线。相反,各部件51之间的电连接是在加热器58内部、外部壳体56下方,并且未示出。图8中还示出了夹持区域70,下文将对其进行进一步描述。
图9示出了本发明的设备的另一个实施例的CAD图的另一个立体图。图中示出了包括多个部件51的设备50,每个部件具有连接到加热器58的外部壳体56的框架54。图中还示出主铰链区域66,其包括多个橡胶连接件67。图中还示出隔热屏60。最靠近图的底部的部件51示出为不带有外部壳体56,以示出加热器58的部件。加热器58包括中间板57,其位于加热板59和外部壳体56之间,并且连接到加热板和外部壳体。如图所示,应当理解,加热板59大部分未示出,因为它位于设备的底部上,该加热器在每一端处弯曲180度,并且因此在中间板57的顶上具有两个连接区域。还示出在中间板57中的内部连接凹槽61,其用来将线(未示出)从一个部件51引到下一个部件,并且用来将电能传输到加热板59。夹持区域70也被更详细地示出,并且用来将设备50的一端夹持到另一端,并且用来在围绕管道外表面护套或壳体包裹和夹持时将夹持环向应力提供至设备50。
图10示出了图8的设备的底面。图中示出了具有部件51的设备50,部件51中的每一个具有连接到框架(未示出)的安装座52,框架继而连接到加热器58。加热器58包括中间板57、外部壳体56、加热板59和隔热屏60。如图所示,加热板59包括间隔件64。在图10中还示出了安装垫53,其为可选的,但位于安装座52上并且在设备50被夹持到管道或壳体时接触管道外表面护套。安装垫53可以是或包括可压缩垫,其提供柔韧性以适应不同直径的管道或不同的闭环长度。在某些优选实施例中,可压缩垫由粘弹性泡沫制成。如上文所讨论的,在利用可压缩安装垫53的实施例中,主铰链区域66可由刚性连接件而不是橡胶连接件67制成,其中柔韧性、延展性和“可弯性”功能由可压缩安装垫53而不是橡胶连接件67提供。
图11和图12示出了在使用中的本发明的设备的照片。图中示出了用壳体36包裹的管道13和包裹在壳体36和管道13周围的设备50。设备50包括多个部件51,每个部件具有安装座52,设备50在安装座52上安装到管道13的外表面护套16。安装座52是框架54的一部分,框架54附连到包括外部壳体56、中间壳体(未示出)和加热板(未示出)的加热器58。图中还示出隔热屏60和夹持区域70。在本发明的该实施例中,可以看出,线63连接通过框架54并进入中间板57中,以连接到加热板(未示出)。线63然后连接到标准电源72。
在某些实施例中,本发明的设备为模块化的,并且通过添加或移除部件而现场构造成所需直径。每个部件51上的铰链区域66形成由多个框架54构成的柔性带(很像手表带)。在某些实施例中,加热板59为电阻性箔加热器,其被调谐成以50-100%的热能在红外线范围内的情况下的深穿透,并且该装置在高电流、低电压配置下运行,以最大程度减少对使用者的电击。例如,据发现,8-35伏、200安培的电流会把加热板59加热至约400℃,对于直径355mm的壳体尺寸来说,这是用于将壳体63收缩和粘合到外表面护套16的足够的热量。这由5KW的电源供电。这样独特的电气配置的益处是,虽然它能提供足够的热量以使壳体收缩,但意外接触带电线的人员不会受到严重伤害。此外,如果部件的线接触水和/或泥,其不会短路。为了满足设备的所描述的安全和功能要求,经确定,电压应维持在40伏以下,优选地25伏以下。还发现,使管道尺寸在50mm至1200mm的范围内的壳体收缩所需的安培数为15–300安培,优选地在40–200安培的范围内。据发现,用于对设备供电以覆盖此范围的电源在0.5–15KW范围内,并且优选地在1-8KW范围内。
在某些实施例中,每个部件51与外部电缆串联连接。在其它实施例中,部件与内部电缆连接。
重要的是应注意到,在某些实施例中,如图6所示,铰链区域的安装部分安装在外表面护套16上,其中加热器悬置于壳体36上。然而,在其它优选实施例中,如图11-13所示,热区域的安装部分安装在壳体自身上,其中加热器部分悬置于壳体上,并且隔热屏60在其接触外表面护套16时形成隔热屏障。在这些实施例中,该装置实际上通过安装座52接触壳体(尽管加热板本身实际上不接触壳体)。
在图13中还示出了间隔件74,其用作对准辅助件,以将安装座52和因此加热器58放置在壳体36上合适的纵向位置处。这实际上将壳体36引到管道上的合适位置。可选地,间隔件74也可通过搁置在外表面护套16上而充当辅助支撑件。
如图所示,夹持区域70具有从打开到关闭的4英寸行程,但可根据管道尺寸提供1-10英寸的行程。夹持区域允许设备的两个端部接合,并夹持到管道或壳体。
图14示出了夹紧到壳体36的本发明的设备50的示意性剖视图。设备50包括安装垫53,安装垫53连接到框架54的安装座52部段,而框架连接到容纳加热板59的外部壳体56。间隔件74使设备50对准到壳体36上的合适位置,以在该合适位置处提供热量。在图14中还示出等同于现有技术图3-4中的间隔件37的间隔件76,其用来将壳体36与外表面护套16分开合适的距离,使得围绕壳体36的周界、在壳体与外表面护套之间的距离大体相等。
图15示出了所述设备的一个部件51的分解图。图中示出包括铰链区域66的框架54,铰链区域66由橡胶连接件67制成。图中还示出加热板59所附连到的中间板57。仅加热板59的端部被示出,因为它们包裹在中间板57周围;加热板59的主要区域在中间板57下方,如图所示。图中还示出间隔件78,其在设备被施加到壳体时在加热板59和壳体36之间提供定义好的最小距离,并且防止加热板59接触壳体36。还示出包括隔热屏60的外部壳体56以及端子62和连接所述端子62的线63。图中还示出次铰链区域68。在某些实施例中,间隔件78和隔热屏60可由一个部件制成。
图16示出了设备的部件51的底面。该底面是夹持到壳体36的一侧。图中示出了在作为框架54的一部分的安装座52的下表面上的安装垫53。图中还示出加热板59,其包括陶瓷间隔件64和孔69。应当理解,孔69在远离安装垫53的加热板59的部分中增加电阻,并且因此在使用中,远离安装垫53的加热板59的部分将比靠近安装垫53的加热板59的部分提供更多热量和IR能量。图中还示出间隔件78和隔热屏60。
图17示出了本发明的设备,其包括夹持区域70和多个部件51。如图所示,外部壳体56不在具有夹持区域70的部件上,从而可以看到中间板57和加热板59。应当理解,在使用时,外部壳体56会存在。
如本文所述,该设备是简单的、可批量生产的、制造、使用和操作成本低的,并且是便携的。在许多现有技术应用中,用于将壳体在管道焊缝处固定在管道上的承包商的最重和最庞大的物件是20磅的丙烷罐,其加上软管和焰矩的大致总重量为25-30磅。本发明的设备用轻便、安全的设备代替该物件,该设备容易由一个人携带,并且可以在封闭的沟渠中和/或在恶劣的气候下安全地携带。
在某些实施例中,加热板59针对不同的热量被调谐和校准,其中靠近间隔件74热量较多,而在框架54端部处热量较少(少约25-35%)。这通过在加热板59中设置孔69来实现,这改变了在围绕孔69的区域中的加热板59的电阻。
在某些实施例中,加热板59涂有放射性高温涂层,以提高介质对长波红外辐射的透射率。加热板59也可由多种材料或多个部段构造成,被层压或端部接合以提供分区的加热效应。加热板59也可被分区成各区被单独地控制或节流以产生分区的加热效应。
在某些实施例中,间隔件64固定到加热板59。间隔件64是耐热的,通常陶瓷的,并且用来保持加热板59和壳体36之间的最小距离。通常不期望加热板59在发烫时接触壳体36。
中间板57优选地为注模耐热壳体。主铰链区域66包括多个连接件67,其通常为橡胶并且可以是纤维或尼龙增强的。连接件67提供一定量的可弯性和弹性,以允许将设备夹持到壳体36或外表面护套16。
安装座52通常为高温柔性泡沫,例如,硅泡沫或硅泡沫与橡胶垫的双层,以便为夹持提供额外的弹性和柔韧性。
在某些实施例中,设备为利用线上的电压的量度和设定电流恒温控制的。在某些实施例中,设备包括一个或多个温度传感器,其可在过程开始时检测表面温度并且自动调整循环。
当施加非交联的可热收缩壳体时,设备为特别有利的。Belmaflex A/S(丹麦法索公司(Farso,Denmark))制造非交联的可热收缩壳体,该壳体用粘合剂粘合到护套。这些壳体通过使挤出的壳体在接近聚乙烯的熔点下膨胀而制成,因此膨胀的壳体具有大量冷应力。虽然壳体在施加足够的热量时将容易收缩,但在施加略微过量的热量时,壳体会超出熔点,并且丧失可收缩性,反之则由于热膨胀系数而开始“变大”。因此,它会提供极少的环向应力并且可能在壳体和基底之间会具有间隙。本发明的设备对于非交联壳体来说尤其有利,因为它们对于恰当施加来说具有非常窄的热输入窗口。通过在这样的壳体周围提供受控的热量,从而消除任何过量的加热,本发明的设备可提供这样精确的热量。
本领域的技术人员可以看出,本发明的设备的另外的优点在于,它能装配在具有非常有限的管道通路的管道周围,例如,在具有紧邻延伸的第二平行管道的开挖的沟渠中的管道。通常,区域供热管线在平行延伸的两个管道之间具有小的间隙(约1英尺);在管道下方的该间隙常常小至9英寸。设备在管道的每侧上需要非常小的空间以装配到管道,可被装配成在管道底部处具有非常小的间距的情况下围绕管道。
本发明的设备相比现有技术的另一个改进在于,该设备在装配到管道时自支撑在壳体上。这提供了壳体收缩的一致质量,因为由将装置夹持到壳体上所赋予的环向应力实际上有助于将热的壳体均匀地分布在管道外表面涂层上。
图例
间隙 10
管道 11
管线 12
管道 13
绝缘物 14
端部区区域 15
外表面护套 16
接头 17
粘合带 32,34
焰矩 35
壳体 36
间隔件 37
隔热屏 38
间隙 39
设备 50
部件 51
安装座 52
安装垫 53
框架 54
外部壳体 56
中间板 57
加热器 58
加热板 59
隔热屏 60
内部连接凹槽 61
端子 62
线 63
间隔件 64
主铰链区域 66
橡胶连接件 67
次铰链区域 68
孔 69
夹持区域 70
电源 72

Claims (28)

1.一种用于加热可热收缩壳体的设备,所述可热收缩壳体围绕预绝缘的管道中的接头且设置在所述接头周围,以将一个或多个端部密封或粘合到所述管道的外表面护套,所述设备包括:
多个部件,每个部件具有:
框架,所述框架包括具有安装面的安装区域;
附连到所述框架的加热器,所述加热器包括加热板和耐热外部壳体;
至少一个铰链区域,所述铰链区域将所述多个部件连接到彼此,以形成具有两个端部的柔性、铰接段,所述铰接段被构造成使得每个部件的所述安装面面向相同的方向;
所述多个部件电连接到彼此,以使得单个电源能将电能提供至所述加热板;
所述设备还包括连接区域,所述连接区域能够连接框架的所述铰接段的所述两个端部以形成部件的圆形阵列,每个部件具有面向所述圆形阵列的中心的安装面和加热板以及面向外的外部壳体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,所述铰链区域位于所述框架上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,所述加热器还包括位于远离所述框架处的隔热屏。
4.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,还包括在所述加热板上的耐热间隔件,以防止所述加热板在操作时接触所述外表面护套。
5.根据权利要求4所述的设备,其特征在于,所述耐热间隔件为陶瓷。
6.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,所述连接区域为夹具。
7.根据权利要求6所述的设备,其特征在于,所述夹具具有1至12英寸的行程。
8.根据权利要求7所述的设备,其特征在于,所述夹具具有约4英寸的行程。
9.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,所述安装面包括高温柔性泡沫,优选硅泡沫或高温柔性泡沫和橡胶的双层。
10.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,所述铰链区域包括多个连接件。
11.根据权利要求8所述的设备,其特征在于,所述连接件为橡胶或诸如聚氨酯的弹性体聚合物。
12.根据权利要求11所述的设备,其特征在于,所述连接件为纤维增强的。
13.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,还包括在所述加热器的远端处的对准间隔件,相对于所述框架,所述对准间隔件大体上垂直于所述加热板远离所述加热器突出。
14.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,相邻的加热器电连接以形成并联的电连接网络。
15.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,相邻的加热器电连接以形成串联的电连接网络。
16.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征还在于模块化的配置,由此部件能被添加或移除以改变所述设备的总长度。
17.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,所述加热元件包括至少两个区,每个区提供不同水平的热或红外能量。
18.根据权利要求17所述的设备,其特征在于,所述至少两个区中的每一个递增地更加远离所述框架。
19.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,所述加热元件包括渐变水平的热或红外能量。
20.根据权利要求19所述的设备,其特征在于,渐变是从最靠近所述框架的所述加热元件的一部分到最远离所述框架的所述加热元件的一部分。
21.根据权利要求17至20中的任一项所述的设备,其特征在于,所述加热元件包括至少一个孔口,相对于在远离所述孔口的所述加热元件上的电阻在靠近所述孔口处提供增加的电阻。
22.一种用于使预拉伸的壳体在管道接头处收缩到管线的外表面护套的方法,包括:
将壳体围绕所述管道接头包裹或放置,以使得所述壳体在所述管道接头的任一侧上与所述外表面护套重叠;
将根据权利要求1至19中的任一项所述的设备夹持到所述壳体,以使得所述多个部件围绕所述壳体,每个部件以安装面被夹持到所述壳体,并且其加热板靠近与所述外表面护套重叠的所述壳体的一部分;以及
将电能施加到所述加热板,所述加热板利用所述电能来生成热量,所述热量继而使所述壳体收缩到所述外表面护套。
23.一种用于使预拉伸的壳体在管道接头处收缩到管线的外表面护套的方法,包括:
将壳体围绕所述管道接头包裹或放置,以使得所述壳体在所述管道接头的任一侧上与所述外表面护套重叠;
将根据权利要求1至19中的任一项所述的设备夹持到所述外表面护套,以使得所述多个部件悬置于所述壳体之上且围绕所述壳体,每个部件以安装面被夹持到所述外表面护套,并且其加热板靠近与所述外表面护套重叠的所述壳体的一部分;以及
将电能施加到所述加热板,所述加热板利用所述电能来生成热量,所述热量继而使所述壳体收缩到所述外表面护套。
24.根据权利要求22至23中的任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,电能的施加为高电流、低电压电能。
25.一种构造根据权利要求1至21中的任一项所述的设备以夹持到管道外表面护套或壳体的方法,包括:
添加或移除所述设备的部件,以形成适合夹持到所需的管道外表面护套或壳体的总设备长度。
26.根据权利要求25所述的方法,其特征在于,部件的添加或移除包括在所述铰链区域处使所述部件脱开。
27.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,具有电气配置和功率要求,所述电气配置和功率要求在操作中:(a)能够使所述壳体收缩,(b)在暴露于水时不受短路影响,并且(c)不会使使用者遭受严重的电击。
28.根据权利要求27所述的设备,其特征在于,所述设备与电源一起使用,所述电源具有在40伏以下、优选25伏以下的电压、15-300安培、优选40-200安培的电流以及0.5-15KW、优选1-8KW的功率。
CN201480002235.2A 2013-07-23 2014-07-22 用于将可热收缩壳体施加到预绝缘的管道接头上的设备 Pending CN104582938A (zh)

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EA201492294A1 (ru) 2016-01-29
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