CN104553141A - 一种柴油机耐高温高压的排气密封垫片及其制作方法 - Google Patents

一种柴油机耐高温高压的排气密封垫片及其制作方法 Download PDF

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CN104553141A
CN104553141A CN201410692406.0A CN201410692406A CN104553141A CN 104553141 A CN104553141 A CN 104553141A CN 201410692406 A CN201410692406 A CN 201410692406A CN 104553141 A CN104553141 A CN 104553141A
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high temperature
resistant steel
temperature resistant
steel disc
flexible graphite
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张云静
李志鹏
阎逢元
黄树和
杨贵春
张强
冯垣洁
高云峰
王鸿灵
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China North Engine Research Institute Tianjin
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Abstract

本发明提供一种柴油机耐高温高压的排气密封垫片，由中间层的耐高温钢片和其两侧的柔性石墨片组成，所述耐高温钢片和柔性石墨片之间通过粘结层粘结在一起；所述粘结层为704硅橡胶。所述耐高温钢片上设有通过冲压形成的凸起，所述凸起绕待密封通道一周。相对于现有技术，本发明排气密封垫片具有以下优势：柔性石墨，压缩率和回弹率好，应用于发动机排气管密封处，有效地解决了多面密封间隙相差大的问题；采用压制的耐高温钢片通过硅橡胶材料与柔性石墨粘结，耐高温钢片强度高，密封效果好，同时不出现柔性石墨层与金属网脱离的缺陷。

Description

一种柴油机耐高温高压的排气密封垫片及其制作方法
技术领域
本发明属于柴油机技术领域，尤其是涉及一种柴油机耐高温高压的排气密封垫片及其制作方法。
背景技术
随着柴油机强化程度的不断提高，柴油机高度紧凑、工作条件苛刻，柴油机体积严格约束，功率密度极高。柴油机内部机油和冷却水温度高、压力高，爆压高、压比高等，所以由于温度、压力增加，变形增大等引起的密封问题越来越突出。排气管与缸盖密封上传统采用冲压钢垫，其压缩量较小，已不能构成全密封，且需要更大螺栓预紧力，致使排气系统承受着振动产生的更大机械负荷，而导致法兰变形甚至断裂，造成严重的废气泄漏，成为高功率密度柴油机排气密封设计的瓶颈。
申请号为201110193442.9的专利申请公开了一种复合柔性石墨密封材料及密封垫的制作方法，采用多层柔性石墨叠加组合方式支座密封材料，在每两层柔性石墨密封材料之间铺设一层两面带有倒刺的金属。但是上述复合柔性石墨密封材料也存在金属网强度低，应用于发动机上出现柔性石墨层与金属网脱离的缺陷。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明旨在在柴油机排气系统密封上提出一种柴油机耐高温高压的排气密封垫片。
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种柴油机耐高温高压的排气密封垫片，由中间层的耐高温钢片和其两侧的柔性石墨片组成，所述耐高温钢片和柔性石墨片之间通过粘结层粘结在一起。
优选的，所述粘结层为704硅橡胶。
优选的，所述柔性石墨片由膨胀石墨压制成型。
优选的，所述耐高温钢片上设有通过冲压形成的凸起，所述凸起绕待密封通道一周。
优选的，所述凸起的高度为耐高温钢片厚度的15％。
优选的，所述所述耐高温钢片的厚度不大于0.6mm。
相对于现有技术，本发明所述的排气密封垫片具有以下优势：
将石墨通过压制改变石墨微观结构，得到柔性石墨，提高石墨强度、压缩率和回弹率，应用于发动机排气管密封处，有效地解决了多面密封间隙相差大的问题，同时柔性石墨本身具备的润滑性，可减少螺栓预紧力，增强法兰接触面的滑移性，从而解决随振动产生的机械负荷；
采用压制的耐高温钢片通过硅橡胶材料与柔性石墨粘结，耐高温钢片强度高，密封效果好，同时不出现柔性石墨层与金属网脱离的缺陷。
本发明的另一目的在于提出上述柴油机耐高温高压的排气密封垫片的制作方法。
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种柴油机耐高温高压的排气密封垫片的制作方法，包括如下步骤：
1.根据密封端面形状，将耐高温钢片和柔性石墨片压制成形；
2.将耐高温钢片的密封部位冲压形成凸起，所述凸起围绕密封通道一周；
3.在耐高温钢片带凸起的密封端面涂覆一层704硅橡胶，将柔性石墨片先与耐高温钢片的一端对齐，从对齐端开始，将柔性石墨片压向耐高温钢片；
4.在耐高温钢片带凸起的密封端面的背面涂覆一层704硅橡胶，将柔性石墨片先与耐高温钢片的一端对齐，从对齐端开始，将柔性石墨片压向耐高温钢片。
所述柴油机耐高温高压的排气密封垫片的制作方法与上述柴油机耐高温高压的排气密封垫片相对于现有技术所具有的优势相同，在此不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为本发明排气密封垫片结构纵剖图；
图2为本发明带凸起的排气密封垫片纵剖图；
图3为本发明排气密封垫片粘接过程示意图。
图4为本发明排气密封垫片安装示意图。
图中：
1-耐高温钢片 2-粘结层 3-柔性石墨片 4-缸盖 5-排气密封垫片 6-排气管 7-凸起
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
下面结合附图1对本发明的具体实施例做详细说明。
一种柴油机耐高温高压的排气密封垫片，如图1所示，由中间层的耐高温钢片1和其两侧的柔性石墨片3组成，所述耐高温钢片1和柔性石墨片3之间通过粘结层2粘结在一起。本发明所述耐高温钢片1和柔性石墨片3通过压制成形后，通过粘结层2粘结而成。
本发明所述柔性石墨片3由膨胀石墨压制形成，粘结层2可以采用704硅橡胶材料，可以有效提高粘结强度，提高排气密封垫片的可靠性。
优选耐高温钢片1的厚度不大于0.6mm，本实施例中选择厚度为0.5mm的不锈钢材料，优点是价格低廉，容易加工。
为进一步增强密封性能，优选在耐高温钢片1上设有通过冲压形成的凸起7，所述凸起7绕待密封通道一周，凸起7的高度为耐高温钢片1厚度的15％时，密封效果最佳。
本发明上述柴油机耐高温高压排气密封垫片的制作方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤1.根据密封端面形状，将耐高温钢片1和柔性石墨片3压制成形；
步骤2.将耐高温钢片1的密封部位冲压形成凸起，如图3所示，所述凸起围绕密封通道一周；
步骤3.在耐高温钢片1上带凸起7的密封端面涂覆一层704硅橡胶，将一柔性石墨片3先与耐高温钢片1的一端对齐，从对齐端开始，将柔性石墨片3压向耐高温钢片1，可以确保在粘接过程中，粘接层2中无气泡形成，提高粘接可靠性；
步骤4.在耐高温钢片1带凸起7的密封端面的背面涂覆一层704硅橡胶，将一柔性石墨片3先与耐高温钢片1的一端对齐，从对齐端开始，将柔性石墨片3压向耐高温钢片1。
本发明一实施例柴油机排气密封垫片的应用方式如图4所示，包括缸盖4、排气密封垫片5、排气管6，排气管通过螺栓压紧，缸盖4的排气道出口端面与排气管6端面通过应用本发明方法制作的排气密封垫片5进行端面密封；缸盖4的排气道高温废气进入排气管6，如图4中箭头所示。
本发明所述排气密封垫片主要实现了三个功能：一是压缩量增加，本实施例排气密封垫片总厚度2mm，压缩量达40％,即压缩量为0.8mm，可适应不同端面密封间隙相差大的要求；二是两面采用柔性石墨片3，柔性石墨片3在一定的压力下直接与金属接触时两者之间容易发生沾粘，这种沾粘有利于形成特殊的密封形式；三是石墨本身具有良好的导热性和自润滑性能，该结构是柔性石墨与两端密封面接触，可以有效的解决由于金属热交变和发动机振动等引起的端面变形而引起的泄露问题。
以上对本发明的实施例进行了详细说明，但所述内容仅为本发明的较佳实施例，不能被认为用于限定本发明的实施范围。凡依本发明申请范围所作的均等变化与改进等，均应仍归属于本发明的专利涵盖范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种柴油机耐高温高压的排气密封垫片，其特征在于：由中间层的耐高温钢片(1)和其两侧的柔性石墨片(3)组成，所述耐高温钢片(1)和柔性石墨片(3)之间通过粘结层(2)粘结在一起。
2.根据权利要求1所述的柴油机耐高温高压的排气密封垫片，其特征在于：所述粘结层(2)为704硅橡胶。
3.根据权利要求1所述的柴油机耐高温高压的排气密封垫片，其特征在于：所述柔性石墨片(3)由膨胀石墨压制成型。
4.根据权利要求1所述的柴油机耐高温高压的排气密封垫片，其特征在于：所述耐高温钢片(1)上设有通过冲压形成的凸起(7)，所述凸起(7)绕待密封通道一周。
5.根据权利要求4所述的柴油机耐高温高压的排气密封垫片，其特征在于：所述凸起(7)的高度为耐高温钢片(1)厚度的15％。
6.根据权利要求1所述的柴油机耐高温高压的排气密封垫片，其特征在于：所述所述耐高温钢片(1)的厚度不大于0.6mm。
7.根据权利要求2至6任一所述的柴油机耐高温高压的排气密封垫片的制作方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
a.根据密封端面形状，将耐高温钢片(1)和柔性石墨片(3)压制成形；
b.将耐高温钢片(1)的密封部位冲压形成凸起，所述凸起围绕密封通道一周；
c.在耐高温钢片(1)带凸起的密封端面涂覆一层704硅橡胶，将柔性石墨片(3)先与耐高温钢片(1)的一端对齐，从对齐端开始，将柔性石墨片(3)压向耐高温钢片(1)；
d.在耐高温钢片(1)带凸起的密封端面的背面涂覆一层704硅橡胶，将柔性石墨片(3)先与耐高温钢片(1)的一端对齐，从对齐端开始，将柔性石墨片(3)压向耐高温钢片(1)。
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CN109243630A (zh) * 2018-10-19 2019-01-18 江苏神通阀门股份有限公司 一种安全壳隔离阀密封圈结构

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