CN104542007B - One-year forming type fortunella venosa potted plant quick production technique - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of potting plants, and particularly relates to a one-year forming type fortunella venosa potted plant quick production technique. The manufacturing process comprises the following steps of (1) scion and grafting: at the mid-to-late of March each year, selecting fortunella venosa young branches as grafts, and grafting at the current day or next day, with grafting height of 6-8cm; (2) stock planting: using one-year-old fructus aurantii as a stock, and planting the stock in a matrix which contains peat moil, loess and perlite according to the ratio of 5:3:2; (3) managing in nutrient growth period; (4) managing in propagation growth period; (5) potting: in October to November, putting the plant into a pot before the color of the fruit is changed; (6) shaping and managing. The one-year forming type fortunella venosa potted plant quick production technique has the advantages that by combining the cultivating management technique and the bonsai shaping technique, the quick production and one-year forming of the miniature potted plant are realized, the cycle bottleneck of the manufacturing of woody potted plants is overcome, and the development of the potted plant industry is favorably promoted.

Description

1 year potted plant quick production technology of golden beans of shaping

Technical field

The invention belongs to potted plant production field, and in particular to a kind of 1 year potted plant quick production technology of golden beans of shaping.

Background technology

Golden beans are Rutaceae kumquat platymiscium, evergreen dwarf shrub, and branch is more, resistance to pruning, rudiment ability are strong；NATURAL DISTRIBUTION in Lin Cengzhong lower floors and border, more resistance to concealment；Can bloom in the anniversary simultaneously, fruit Exocarpium Citri Rubrum does not fall through the winter, and ornamental character is high, receives deeply Consumer likes, is preferable pot material.

Traditional woody potted plant making need at least 2-3 could be molded, and tree-like larger, should not make Miniature pot, see The woody potted plant manufacture difficulty of fruit is bigger.So that the year tangerine in Shunde Chen Cun flowers and trees base is potted plant as an example, its productive life is mostly More than 3 years, minimum potted plant height does not reach the miniature effect of dwarfing in more than 45cm, production year limit for length yet, and its product is all It is only suitable for public open place to put, is not suitable for small space and personal air is put, limitation is larger；The fruit tree basin of Xuzhou Though cultivation has a large amount of productions, mostly more than 3 years, many production time limits are even more than 8 years its productive life, and Zhang Zunzhong is old Mr. has by fruit branch before death（And spray）Grafting, made lemon Miniature pot, but its technical difficulty is big, was adapted to personal happiness It is good, it is not suitable for batch production, its descendant（Disciple）It is material to have using winter haw, carries out Miniature pot making, but can not reach To 1 year effect of shaping；It is potted plant that Zhejiang has Some Enterprises to produce Buddha's hand by fruit branch graft technology, though then can be into after grafting Type, but its Buddha's hand sapling needs to cultivate for many years, the fruit branch of grafting is only Modeling Technology, and potted plant tree-like larger, is not reached miniature Potted plant effect.

The content of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided the potted plant quick production of golden beans of shaping in a kind of 1 year Technology.The present invention uses excellent citrus fruit effect plant（Jin Dou）Miniature pot is carried out quickly to produce（It is molded within 1 year）, realize The production technology of Miniature pot is made using woody, use limitation and system that the large-scale woody sight fruit bowl of tradition is planted is breached Make time technical bottleneck long.

To achieve the above object, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：

1 year potted plant quick production technology of golden beans of shaping, comprises the following steps：

（1）Scion and grafting：In annual mid or late March, the differentiated branch of selection is sturdy, and perula is full, dark green Golden beans spray carried out grafting as scion in the same day or next day, and grafting height is 6-8cm；

（2）Stock is planted：Stock is done using annual Fructus Aurantii, stock is planted in peat soil：Loess：Perlite is 5:3:2 Matrix in；

（3）Nutrient growth period management：Including sprouting to bud picking, pinching, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control in period of branching out, spray is to aging The tree-like control in period；

（4）Reproductive growth period management：Including bud expand to flowering period, bloom to result period, bear fruit to fruit into The management in ripe period；

（5）Upper basin：Basin was carried out before the 10-11 months, fruit annesl；

（6）Moulding is managed.

Step（3）It is described tree-like to be controlled to：For only taking out 1 golden beans of branch, plucked at 3-4 bud of grafting base portion The heart, promotes lateral bud growth, forms plant type；For taking out the 2-3 golden beans of branch, moulding arrangement is carried out to branch, carry out pinching；It is right In the branch number taken out more than 3, retain the 2-3 branch that viewing location is good, growing way is excellent, remaining all cuts along grafting base portion Fall.

Step（4）Described in bud expand to the management of flowering period and include bud picking, pinching, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, tree-like Control, apply fertilizer, water；Described fertilising is to apply composite fertilizer 2-3g at the bud initial stage of expanding.

Step（4）Described in bear fruit to fruit maturation period management include fertilising, described fertilising is in August first arrival Early or mid November, each moon applies composite fertilizer 2-3g in root.

Step（6）Described moulding management includes branch control, flower and fruit management, blade management.

Step（2）Stock to use bore be the nutrient bag of 8-10cm when planting, convenient basin of going up from now on is transplanted.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are：

1）Realize woody potted plant miniaturization：The present invention carries out potted plant making by material of golden beans, realizes miniature basin The mass production of cultivation, obtained Miniature pot be adapted to be placed in all kinds of small spaces such as desk, desk, private display rack and Personal air, also is adapted for favorites, with good Social benefit and economic benefit, wide market；

2）Production is quick, shaping in a year：The tradition woody potted plant production cycle is commonly 2-3, is difficult to break through in time. The present invention combines cultivation management technology and Potted Landscape Modelling technology, realizes Miniature pot and quickly produces, is molded within 1 year, breaches wood The cycle bottleneck of this potted plant making, is conducive to promoting the development of potted plant industry.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the potted plant picture of golden beans obtained in embodiment 1.

Specific embodiment

The present invention further illustrates the present invention with the following example, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following reality Apply example.

Embodiment 1

2013, seminar, in the basin of Fujian Academy fruit tree institute Pu innovation orchard grafting 3, succeeded in late March.

Specifically manufacturing process is：

（1）Scion：The selection good healthy and strong plant of growing way, selection branch is sturdy, and perula is full, dark green spray is used as connecing Fringe, scion adopt it is lower after remove all blades, and moisturizing, Fuzhou area is adopted fringe and is carried out in annual mid or late March fair weather, and Same day grafting is complete；

（2）Stock is cultivated：Stock is done using annual Fructus Aurantii, stock should be healthy and strong, tree-like short strong, and base portion is thick, and leaf color is dense It is green, grow vigorous；Same series-produced stock should try one's best the selection consistent plant of each side, be beneficial to grafting management in the future and batch Quantify production；Stock carries out moulding cultivation while cultivation, to increase potted plant sight, such as inclines, bends；Stock is cultivated Ought to mass with place；Stock is planted in the nutritive cube of bore 8cm；

（3）Grafting：Stock is planted in peat soil：Loess：Perlite=5:3:In 2 matrix, at the liftoff 7cm of stock Grafting, graft position should be selected during grafting according to stock shape；

（4）Nutrient growth period management：

A. after grafting to sprouting：Suitably water, keep stock growth；

B. sprout to branching out：Bud picking：Erase the sprouting grown on stock；Water：Suitably water, keep matrix moistening ；The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The insect pests such as this season wood louse, Liriomyza are more, answer appropriate spraying insecticide to carry out prevention and control；

C. spray is to aging：1st, bud picking, pinching, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control reference is sprouted to the management process branched out；2nd, water： It is more excellent in plant growing way, during tree-like first one-step forming, should reduce and water, promote reproductive growth；3rd, apply fertilizer：Should be long according to plant Gesture, a small amount of composite fertilizer is imposed in root, and single-dose application amount is no more than 5g, prevents burn seedlings；4th, tree-like control：Golden beans go out a quantity not Together, from 1 to many；For only smoking 1 branch, should the pinching at 3-4 bud of grafting base portion, promote lateral bud growth, To form plant type as early as possible；For smoking 2-3 branch, moulding arrangement should be carried out to branch, and pinching is carried out with reference to 5.2；For Many branches are smoked, the 2-3 branch that viewing location is good, growing way is excellent should be retained, remaining all cuts along grafting base portion；In control type Aspect, should try one's best and take consistent treatment, to keep the uniformity of product, aspect management；Special good resource, it is also possible to carry out spy Different moulding；

（5）Reproductive growth period management：

A. bud is expanded to blooming：Bud picking, pinching, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the management of tree-like control reference vegetative growth phase； Fertilising：Composite fertilizer 2-3g is applied at the bud initial stage of expanding, promotes plant strain growth；Water：Reinforcement is watered, it is ensured that water needed for plant strain growth Point, keep matrix moistening；

B. bloom to result：1st, bud picking, pinching, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the management of tree-like control reference vegetative growth phase；2、 Fertilising：This stage need not apply fertilizer；3rd, water：Should suitably be reduced in full-bloom stage and watered, promote to bear fruit；

C. bear fruit to fruit maturation：1st, bud picking, pinching, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the pipe of tree-like control reference vegetative growth phase Reason；2nd, apply fertilizer：This stage is August first arrival early or mid November, is fruit growth period；Each moon sails composite fertilizer 2-3g into root ；3rd, water：This stage, most of gold bean seedlings were taken root to seedbed, and water demand is not strict, matrix is more dry and fertilising After watered；

（6）Upper basin：Before upper basin, the pattern of basin, planting location according to tree-like design purpose moulding, should be determined before upper basin, is covered Lid matrix and supporting scenery etc.；Planting pot internal diameter 10-12cm, depth 6-8cm, after the seedling in nutrient bag is put into, periphery residue 1cm Left and right, planting pot moulding can variation；Prepare planting matrix simultaneously, using peat soil：Loess：Perlite=5:3:2 base Matter；Should be specifically noted that plant views and admires the direction in face and to be viewed and admired facing to consistent with basin, scenery during upper basin；Plant is cut before upper basin Under take root and be, plant plantation plantation height, if soil ball face is too high, should be peeled off with basin along concordant or lower slightly 0.5-1cm；On Peel nutritive cube before basin off, and eliminate the matrix that will be loosely come off on original soil ball, the planting location of basin is then put into, by pre-determined bit Put and direction is planted；Conserved after upper basin；

（7）Moulding is managed：

A. branch control：Sprout moulding is carried out using green iron wire, face is viewed and admired in making；Branch should be noted that full tree when controlling Shape is moulded, and single branch obeys moulded needs；

B. flower and fruit management：1st, the management of flower：If plant is smaller again, bud has been formed, and should be erased bud, promotes branch Growth, after most of branch is all aging, bud is completely set by being formed, and is conducive to full tree result；2nd, the management of fruit：For the first time from After right shedding, appropriate fruit thinning can be carried out according to Different Results position fruit amount, fruitlet in the fruit for flocking together be cut, it is ensured that fruit is sent out It is bred as ripe；Miniature golden beans are potted plant based on sight fruit, in the place without fruit, can be adjusted by drawing the modes such as branch, it is impossible to Adjustment, can only view and admire face and the treatment of the upper basin in later stage by adjustment to cover this flaw；

C. blade management：Mainly after upper basin is qualitative, part overlaid is lived the blade removal of fruit, to highlight the golden beans of full tree Beauty；

Obtained potted plant size is：30cm high, wherein basin 10cm high, as shown in Figure 1.

Embodiment 2

2014, seminar was again in late March in the basin of Fujian Academy fruit tree institute Pu innovation orchard grafting 30,2014 December gold beans well-grown, basin is gone up in shaping of having born fruit, part.

Method of the preparation method with reference to embodiment 1.

The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all impartial changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with Modification, should all belong to covering scope of the invention.

Claims (1)

1. the potted plant quick production technology of golden beans being molded for a year, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：

（1）Scion and grafting：In annual mid or late March, the differentiated branch of selection is sturdy, and perula is full, dark green golden beans Spray carried out grafting as scion in the same day or next day, and grafting height is 6-8cm；

（2）Stock is planted：Stock is done using annual Fructus Aurantii, stock is planted in peat soil：Loess：Perlite is 5:3:2 base In matter；

（3）Nutrient growth period management：Including sprouting to bud picking, pinching, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control in period of branching out, spray to aging period Tree-like control；It is described tree-like to be controlled to：For only taking out 1 golden beans of branch, the pinching at 3-4 bud of grafting base portion promotees Enter lateral bud growth, form plant type；For taking out the 2-3 golden beans of branch, moulding arrangement is carried out to branch, carry out pinching；For taking out Branch number more than 3, retain viewing location is good, growing way is excellent 2-3 branch, remaining all cuts along grafting base portion；

（4）Reproductive growth period management：Including bud expand to flowering period, bloom to result period, bear fruit to fruit maturation when The management of phase；

Described bud is expanded to the management of flowering period to be included bud picking, pinching, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, tree-like control, applies fertilizer, pours Water, described fertilising is to apply composite fertilizer 2-3g at the bud initial stage of expanding；

The described management beared fruit to fruit maturation period includes fertilising, and described fertilising is in August first arrival early or mid November, often Composite fertilizer 2-3g is applied in root within one month；

（5）Upper basin：Basin was carried out before the 10-11 months, fruit annesl；

（6）Moulding is managed：Including branch control, flower and fruit management, blade management.