CN104541961A - Edible fungus cultivating method utilizing LED (light emitting diode) lamp - Google Patents
Edible fungus cultivating method utilizing LED (light emitting diode) lamp Download PDFInfo
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- CN104541961A CN104541961A CN201410761545.4A CN201410761545A CN104541961A CN 104541961 A CN104541961 A CN 104541961A CN 201410761545 A CN201410761545 A CN 201410761545A CN 104541961 A CN104541961 A CN 104541961A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention relates to an edible fungus cultivating method utilizing an LED (light emitting diode) lamp. The edible fungus cultivating method comprises the following steps of preparation and pretreatment of compost, proportioning, manufacturing of a culture medium, sterilization, cooling, inoculating, cultivating, mushroom growth, and harvesting. During cultivating, an LED (light emitting diode) with light intensity of 50-1500lux is used for irradiating in a culture room, and is closed after irrigating for 12-18 hours; after 8-10 hours, the LED lamp is opened again to continue to irradiate. The edible fungus cultivating method has the advantages that the LED lamp is used as a light source, so the irregular growth of the edible fungi because of the influence on temperature change is avoided; the installation of the LED lamp is convenient, the comprehensive use cost is low, and the waterproof and moisture-proof properties are better; traditional Chinese medicine residues are used as main material of the compost of the edible fungus, the waste material is changed into the valuable material, the production cost is reduced, and the yield is improved; the yield of the edible fungus is improved by 15-25%, the growth of the edible fungus is rapid, and the nutrients are rich; quality of the cultivated edible fungus is high, the edible fungus cultivating method is suitable for scale production, and the economic benefit is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fungus growing technique field, particularly relate to a kind of cultivating method for edible fungi utilizing LED.
Background technology
Edible mushroom is the important food resources of the mankind, not only delicious flavour, has high protein, low fat, low in calories, is rich in the feature that multivitamin, mineral element and dietary fiber etc. are better than animal foodstuff, and also has obvious health care and medical value.The food principle that what food of fungi met that the World Health Organization advocates has " nutrition, health, natural ", along with the raising of health of people idea and the change of diet structure, people can be increasing to the demand of edible mushroom, and the development space of mushroom industry also will be more and more wide.
The production of edible mushroom mainly contains two kinds of modes, liquid cultivation and solid-state cultivation.Liquid cultivation is by strain inoculation in liquid nutrient medium, carries out the method for cultivating in fermentation tank.Liquid cultivation is convenient to mechanized operation, and be suitable for factorial praluction, labour intensity is low; But higher to the requirement of raw material, the just mycelium of results, and also the discharge of bulk fermentation waste liquid pollutes the environment.Solid-state cultivation is by strain inoculation in solid culture medium, carries out the method for cultivating in mushroom room, and this method can utilize cheap raw material results to be worth higher fruit body, and does not have the discharge of waste liquid, relatively not high to the requirement of technology, but labour intensity is larger.The roughly flow process of solid-state cultivation is: 1, configure medium; 2, pack; 3, sterilizing; 4, inoculate; 5, bacterium and management of producing mushroom is sent out.This method is the main production method of current China mushroom industry, but there is following subject matter: 1, needing to consume a large amount of plastic sack, is all single use; 2, sterilization time is long, consumes mass energy; 3, the bacterium time is sent out long; 4, microbiological contamination rate is higher.
The production discarded object Chinese medicine slag of traditional Chinese medicine enterprise can cause environmental pollution, traditional Chinese medicine enterprise will drop into substantial contribution every year and carry out environmental protection treatment to a large amount of Chinese medicine slags produced, and Chinese medicine slag due to water content higher, not easily burn, general processing mode is air storage, and easily fermentation produces peculiar smell, to air, environmental pollution is serious, not easily processes.
Chinese patent publication No. CN102726213A, date of publication on October 17th, 2012, name is called a kind of method and edible mushroom cultivating bag of cultivating the edible mushroom that different temperatures requires, this application case disclose a kind of easy to use, purposes is wide, the edible mushroom method that safety cultivation different temperatures requires and edible mushroom cultivating bag, adopt different colours, the edible mushroom cultivating bag culturing edible fungus of different light transmittance, described plastic sack is purple, blueness, green, redness, yellow or grey, and light transmittance is 30-80%.Its weak point is, the consumption of plastic sack is large, and the white pollution of formation is serious.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to need to consume a large amount of plastic sack to solve existing edible fungus culturing, send out the bacterium time long, the defect that microbiological contamination rate is higher and provide a kind of and reduce that miscellaneous bacteria is grown, improved cultivation benefit, cost is low, does not affect the cultivating method for edible fungi utilizing LED of thalline growth.
In order to realize above-mentioned order ground, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of cultivating method for edible fungi utilizing LED, comprise that stocking of composts or fertilisers of cultivating makes with pretreatment, batching, medium, sterilizing, cooling, inoculation, cultivation, cultivation, fruiting, to gather, the LED of light intensity 50-1500lux is adopted to irradiate in cultivation stage culturing room, irradiate and close LED after 12-18 hour, after 8-10 hour, then open LED continue to irradiate.In the technical program, LED belongs to cold light source, heating is far smaller than traditional energy-saving lamp incandescent lamp, variations in temperature can not be affected, because traditional energy-saving lamp incandescent lamp can generate heat, the temperature of cultivating chamber can be improved, make the irregular of edible mushroom length, LED is easy for installation, the integrated cost used is as maintenance cost, make energy charge lower, service life is also longer, and material is primarily of PVC material, silica gel is formed, good seal performance, waterproof and dampproof performance is splendid, there is no mercury, the plumbous harmful substance waiting environmental pollution, can not generate electromagnetic waves to disturb or change thalline time luminous to grow.Light application time is long, and fruit body cap can be excessive, and affects quality with part macula lutea.
As preferably, at hypha of edible fungus vegetative stage, blueness, yellow or orange LED is used to irradiate; At fruit body of edible fungi vegetative stage, first use yellow or orange LED to irradiate, the LED that then conversion is blue or green is irradiated.In the technical program, light source, not containing ultraviolet, eliminates the injury of ultraviolet to edible mushroom, not containing infrared rays, during illumination can not by mosquito around, decrease miscellaneous bacteria and grow, thus protection edible mushroom.
As preferably, the temperature of cultivating chamber is 10-20 DEG C, and humidity is 60-90%.
As preferably, the planting material of edible mushroom is obtained by Chinese medicine slag, ramulus mori, Amomum cardamomum, melon seed cases and hybrid giant napier fermentation, and each constituent content of described planting material is Chinese medicine slag 55-65%, ramulus mori 5-8%, Amomum cardamomum 5-7%, melon seed cases 5-10%, perennial ryegrass 8-15% and hybrid giant napier 13-25%.In the technical program, Chinese medicine slag generally can be dropped, contaminated environment, now using Chinese medicine slag as the main material of planting material, adds Amomum cardamomum, ramulus mori, melon seed cases, perennial ryegrass and hybrid giant napier, Amomum cardamomum has bacteriostasis, and can prevent miscellaneous bacteria from growing, perennial ryegrass and hybrid giant napier are rich in protein, minerals and vitamins, a large number of nutrients can be provided for edible fungi growth, improve edible mushroom quality.
As preferably, described Chinese medicine slag is at least containing the dregs of a decoction that one or more compositions of date, matrimony vine, radix bupleuri, Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS, Poria cocos, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Chinese herbaceous peony, moutan bark, the dried rhizome of rehmannia, Chinese yam, cassia bark, hawthorn extract.
As preferably, the preparation method of planting material is as follows: Chinese medicine slag carries out dehydration processing, moisture is made to be down to 20-25%, ramulus mori, Amomum cardamomum, melon seed cases, perennial ryegrass and hybrid giant napier are ground into the particle of 1-3mm, then mix with the Chinese medicine slag after dehydration and tan by the sun 12-18 hour, mix after using ultraviolet light sterilization, then ferment, namely can be used as culture medium of edible fungus.
As preferably, described edible mushroom is Xingbao mushroom, Asparagus, coprinus comatus, mushroom, straw mushroom, White mushroom, auricularia auriculajudae, flat mushroom, sliding mushroom or agrocybe.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) the present invention uses LED as light source, can not affect variations in temperature, thus causes the irregular of edible mushroom length; LED is easy for installation, and the integrated cost of use is low, and waterproof and dampproof performance is splendid;
2) the present invention uses LED not have the harmful substance of the environmental pollution such as mercury, lead, can not generate electromagnetic waves to disturb or change thalline and grow time luminous;
3) the present invention adopts Chinese medicine slag as the major ingredient of culture medium of edible fungus, turns waste into wealth, reduces production cost, improves output;
4) the present invention improves the output 15-25% of edible mushroom, and edible fungi growth is rapid, nutritious;
5) edible mushroom of the present invention's cultivation is best in quality, is applicable to large-scale production, high financial profit.
Embodiment
Below by way of specific embodiment, the present invention is further explained:
The present invention's cultivation method used is the improvement made on existing cultivating method for edible fungi, and main improved procedure is in planting material and utilize LED lamplight to shine.Keep all day degree of highlighting consistent in the LED of cultivation indoor location, make to ensure brightness 50-100 rice within the scope of unanimously in cultivating chamber, so that the cultivation of edible mushroom keeps consistency.
Embodiment 1
Method for cultivating mushroom, comprises that stocking of conventional composts or fertilisers of cultivating makes with pretreatment, batching, medium, sterilizing, cooling, inoculation, cultivation, cultivation, fruiting, to gather.Wherein, adopt the LED of light intensity 50lux to irradiate in cultivation stage culturing room, irradiate and close LED after 12 hours, then open LED after 8 hours and continue to irradiate.At mushroom mycelium vegetative stage, blue LED is used to irradiate; In the Growth of Fruit-bodies In Lentinus Edodes stage, first use yellow LED to irradiate, blue LED of then converting is irradiated.The temperature of cultivating chamber is 10 DEG C, and humidity is 60%.
The preparation method of planting material is as follows: Chinese medicine slag carries out dehydration processing, moisture is made to be down to 20%, ramulus mori, Amomum cardamomum, melon seed cases, perennial ryegrass and hybrid giant napier are ground into the particle of 1mm, then mix with the Chinese medicine slag after dehydration and tan by the sun 12 hours, mix after using ultraviolet light sterilization, then ferment, namely can be used as culture medium of edible fungus.
The planting material of edible mushroom is obtained by Chinese medicine slag, ramulus mori, Amomum cardamomum, melon seed cases and hybrid giant napier fermentation, and each constituent content of described planting material is Chinese medicine slag 55%, ramulus mori 8%, Amomum cardamomum 7%, melon seed cases 5%, perennial ryegrass 15% and hybrid giant napier 10%.Wherein, described Chinese medicine slag is containing the dregs of a decoction that extract of Multiple components of date, matrimony vine, radix bupleuri, Chinese yam, cassia bark, hawthorn.
Embodiment 2
Agrocybe cultivation method, comprises that stocking of conventional composts or fertilisers of cultivating makes with pretreatment, batching, medium, sterilizing, cooling, inoculation, cultivation, cultivation, fruiting, to gather.Wherein, adopt the LED of light intensity 200lux to irradiate in cultivation stage culturing room, irradiate and close LED after 14 hours, after 9 hours, then open LED continue to irradiate.At agrocybe vegetative stage, yellow LED is used to irradiate; At tea plant mushroom fruit body vegetative stage, first use orange LED to irradiate, green LED of then converting is irradiated.The temperature of cultivating chamber is 15 DEG C, and humidity is 85%.
The preparation method of planting material is as follows: Chinese medicine slag carries out dehydration processing, moisture is made to be down to 22%, ramulus mori, Amomum cardamomum, melon seed cases, perennial ryegrass and hybrid giant napier are ground into the particle of 2mm, then mix with the Chinese medicine slag after dehydration and tan by the sun 15 hours, mix after using ultraviolet light sterilization, then ferment, namely can be used as culture medium of edible fungus.
The planting material of edible mushroom is obtained by Chinese medicine slag, ramulus mori, Amomum cardamomum, melon seed cases and hybrid giant napier fermentation, and each constituent content of described planting material is Chinese medicine slag 60%, ramulus mori 5%, Amomum cardamomum 5%, melon seed cases 7%, perennial ryegrass 10% and hybrid giant napier 13%.Wherein, described Chinese medicine slag is containing the dregs of a decoction that extract of Multiple components of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS, Poria cocos, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Chinese herbaceous peony, moutan bark, the dried rhizome of rehmannia, hawthorn.
Embodiment 3
Golden mushroom plantation method, comprises that stocking of conventional composts or fertilisers of cultivating makes with pretreatment, batching, medium, sterilizing, cooling, inoculation, cultivation, cultivation, fruiting, to gather.Wherein, adopt the LED of light intensity 1500lux to irradiate in cultivation stage culturing room, irradiate and close LED after 18 hours, then open LED after 10 hours and continue to irradiate.At agrocybe vegetative stage, orange LED is used to irradiate; At tea plant mushroom fruit body vegetative stage, first use yellow LED to irradiate, green LED of then converting is irradiated.The temperature of cultivating chamber is 20 DEG C, and humidity is 90%.
The preparation method of planting material is as follows: Chinese medicine slag carries out dehydration processing, moisture is made to be down to 25%, ramulus mori, Amomum cardamomum, melon seed cases, perennial ryegrass and hybrid giant napier are ground into the particle of 3mm, then mix with the Chinese medicine slag after dehydration and tan by the sun 18 hours, mix after using ultraviolet light sterilization, then ferment, namely can be used as culture medium of edible fungus.
The planting material of edible mushroom is obtained by Chinese medicine slag, ramulus mori, Amomum cardamomum, melon seed cases and hybrid giant napier fermentation, and each constituent content of described planting material is Chinese medicine slag 65%, ramulus mori 6%, Amomum cardamomum 6%, melon seed cases 10%, perennial ryegrass 8% and hybrid giant napier 5%.Wherein, described Chinese medicine slag containing date, matrimony vine, radix bupleuri, Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS, Poria cocos, moutan bark, the dried rhizome of rehmannia, Chinese yam, the dregs of a decoction that extract of Multiple components.
Comparative example 1, step used is identical with embodiment 1 with method, is not uniquely both and uses incandescent lamp as light source.
Comparative example 2, step used is identical with embodiment 2 with method, and not uniquely being both planting material is conventional cultivation material.
The edible mushroom of being gathered by comparative example 1-2 contrasts, and comparing result is in table 1.
Embodiment 1 mushroom production of receiving has more 20% than comparative example 1, and embodiment 2 agrocybe output of receiving has more 25% than comparative example 2.
Table 1, comparing result
| Mycelial growth potential | Bacterium colony external appearance characteristic describes | |
| Embodiment 1 | +++ | Mycelia is dense in vain, fine hair shape, neat in edge are strong, and raw mycelia is prosperous |
| Embodiment 2 | +++ | Mycelia is dense in vain, fine hair shape, neat in edge are strong, and raw mycelia is prosperous |
| Comparative example 1 | + | Mycelia is pure white, and edge is irregular |
| Comparative example 2 | + | Mycelia is pure white, and edge is lighter |
In table, " +++ " represents that growth potential is good, and "+" represents that growth potential is general, and as can be seen from table, the present invention uses LED as light source, can not affect variations in temperature, thus causes the irregular of edible mushroom length; LED is easy for installation, and the integrated cost of use is low, and waterproof and dampproof performance is splendid; Use LED there is no the harmful substance of the environmental pollution such as mercury, lead, can not generate electromagnetic waves to disturb or change thalline time luminous and grow; Adopt Chinese medicine slag as the major ingredient of culture medium of edible fungus, turn waste into wealth, reduce production cost, improve output.Improve the output 15-25% of edible mushroom, edible fungi growth is rapid, nutritious; The edible mushroom of cultivation is best in quality, is applicable to large-scale production, high financial profit.
Certain above-mentioned explanation is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to above-mentioned citing, the art those of ordinary skill, and in essential scope of the present invention, the change made, interpolation or replacement, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. one kind utilizes the cultivating method for edible fungi of LED, comprise that stocking of composts or fertilisers of cultivating makes with pretreatment, batching, medium, sterilizing, cooling, inoculation, cultivation, cultivation, fruiting, to gather, it is characterized in that, the LED of light intensity 50-1500lux is adopted to irradiate in cultivation stage culturing room, irradiate and close LED after 12-18 hour, after 8-10 hour, then open LED continue to irradiate.
2. a kind of cultivating method for edible fungi utilizing LED according to claim 1, is characterized in that, at hypha of edible fungus vegetative stage, uses blueness, yellow or orange LED to irradiate; At fruit body of edible fungi vegetative stage, first use yellow or orange LED to irradiate, the LED that then conversion is blue or green is irradiated.
3. a kind of cultivating method for edible fungi utilizing LED according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the temperature of cultivating chamber is 10-20 DEG C, and humidity is 60-90%.
4. a kind of cultivating method for edible fungi utilizing LED according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the planting material of edible mushroom is obtained by Chinese medicine slag, ramulus mori, Amomum cardamomum, melon seed cases and hybrid giant napier fermentation, and each constituent content of described planting material is Chinese medicine slag 55-65%, ramulus mori 5-8%, Amomum cardamomum 5-7%, melon seed cases 5-10%, perennial ryegrass 8-15% and hybrid giant napier 5-10%.
5. a kind of cultivating method for edible fungi utilizing LED according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described Chinese medicine slag is at least containing the dregs of a decoction that one or more compositions of date, matrimony vine, radix bupleuri, Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS, Poria cocos, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Chinese herbaceous peony, moutan bark, the dried rhizome of rehmannia, Chinese yam, cassia bark, hawthorn extract.
6. a kind of cultivating method for edible fungi utilizing LED according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of planting material is as follows: Chinese medicine slag carries out dehydration processing, moisture is made to be down to 20-25%, ramulus mori, Amomum cardamomum, melon seed cases, perennial ryegrass and hybrid giant napier are ground into the particle of 1-3mm, then mix with the Chinese medicine slag after dehydration and tan by the sun 12-18 hour, mix after using ultraviolet light sterilization, then ferment, namely can be used as culture medium of edible fungus.
7. a kind of cultivating method for edible fungi utilizing LED according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6, is characterized in that, described edible mushroom is Xingbao mushroom, Asparagus, coprinus comatus, mushroom, straw mushroom, White mushroom, auricularia auriculajudae, flat mushroom, sliding mushroom or agrocybe.
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| CN110268918A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-24 | 凤台县香玉园食用菌种植专业合作社 | Culture medium is used in a kind of growth of agaricus bisporus |
| CN110268915A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-24 | 凤台县香玉园食用菌种植专业合作社 | A kind of discarded chicken feather plantation agaricus bisporus method |
| CN110352789A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-10-22 | 凤台县香玉园食用菌种植专业合作社 | A kind of agaricus bisporus implantation methods |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110268918A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-24 | 凤台县香玉园食用菌种植专业合作社 | Culture medium is used in a kind of growth of agaricus bisporus |
| CN110268915A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-24 | 凤台县香玉园食用菌种植专业合作社 | A kind of discarded chicken feather plantation agaricus bisporus method |
| CN110352789A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-10-22 | 凤台县香玉园食用菌种植专业合作社 | A kind of agaricus bisporus implantation methods |
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