CN104520220A - 成批纹理化的材料片材 - Google Patents

成批纹理化的材料片材 Download PDF

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CN104520220A
CN104520220A CN201380027691.8A CN201380027691A CN104520220A CN 104520220 A CN104520220 A CN 104520220A CN 201380027691 A CN201380027691 A CN 201380027691A CN 104520220 A CN104520220 A CN 104520220A
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processing method
sharp
sheet material
sheet
veining
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CN104520220B (zh
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雷·阿贝斯曼
恩希·法穆
温斯顿·麦凯尔维
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Gripmitt Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D31/00—Other methods for working sheet metal, metal tubes, metal profiles
    • B21D31/02—Stabbing or piercing, e.g. for making sieves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H37/00—Article or web delivery apparatus incorporating devices for performing specified auxiliary operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D13/00—Corrugating sheet metal, rods or profiles; Bending sheet metal, rods or profiles into wave form
    • B21D13/10—Corrugating sheet metal, rods or profiles; Bending sheet metal, rods or profiles into wave form into a peculiar profiling shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
    • B21D28/02—Punching blanks or articles with or without obtaining scrap; Notching
    • B21D28/10—Incompletely punching in such a manner that the parts are still coherent with the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/068—Shaving, skiving or scarifying for forming lifted portions, e.g. slices or barbs, on the surface of the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D3/00—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
    • B26D3/08—Making a superficial cut in the surface of the work without removal of material, e.g. scoring, incising
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D3/00—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
    • B26D3/08—Making a superficial cut in the surface of the work without removal of material, e.g. scoring, incising
    • B26D3/085—On sheet material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
    • B29C59/022—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing characterised by the disposition or the configuration, e.g. dimensions, of the embossments or the shaping tools therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H35/00—Delivering articles from cutting or line-perforating machines; Article or web delivery apparatus incorporating cutting or line-perforating devices, e.g. adhesive tape dispensers
    • B65H35/0006—Article or web delivery apparatus incorporating cutting or line-perforating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/25—Solid
    • B29K2105/253—Preform
    • B29K2105/256—Sheets, plates, blanks or films
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49833—Punching, piercing or reaming part by surface of second part
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49833—Punching, piercing or reaming part by surface of second part
    • Y10T29/49835—Punching, piercing or reaming part by surface of second part with shaping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]

Abstract

本申请提供了用于制造成批纹理化的材料片材的处理方法。随着进给连续供应的平坦材料片材，片材被齿刀反复冲击，从而每个刀都在片材上生成一排凸起且大体尖锐的结构以使片材纹理化。

Description

成批纹理化的材料片材
技术领域
本申请涉及材料表面纹理化，更具体地，涉及用于制造成批纹理化的材料片材的处理方法。
背景技术
层压件在各种应用(例如，建筑材料、用于车辆应用的板、大规模工业零件)中很流行。在制造层压材料中，通常使用粘接剂来接合薄片。然而，粘接剂有许多已知的缺陷。粘接剂昂贵、脏乱并且发出有毒气体。用于层压不均匀的材料的许多典型粘接剂还容易在各种压力(温度、弯曲、切割)下失效或者碎裂/破裂。另外，从环保的角度来说，粘接剂是不可取的，因为粘接剂会弄脏基础材料并且阻止薄片的再循环或回收。可取的是在不降低层压件的强度的情况下避免使用粘接剂。
个体零件部分中的机械附接(例如，制动器底板对摩擦材料)已变得众所周知且非常成功，但是该处理方法是在重个体板中的相对厚的钢上使用，而不是在能够用于制造无粘接剂层压材料(包括较薄材料的层压件)的连续较大规模的材料上使用。
另外，目前，个体零件在可能的大小和形状方面受到限制。为了在个体零件上提供机械附接，坯料通常从盒状件进给，在盒状件中坯料必须均具有统一的尺寸和轮廓。具体地，这对于建筑材料中的使用可能期待的较大规模的应用、或一次性尺寸、或定制长度是不方便的。
具有用于在成批材料上制备纹理化(机械附接就绪)表面是可取的。
发明内容
本申请提供了用于制造成批纹理化的材料片材的处理方法。随着进给连续供给的平坦的材料片材，片材被齿刀反复冲击，从而每个刀都在片材上生成一排凸起且大体尖锐的结构以使片材纹理化。优选地，刀被总体向下驱动并且经过片材以从片材凿出尖锐的结构。该尖锐的结构可以具有倾斜或钩状的形状。在一个实施方式中，该钩状部从其排的轴线卷曲或扭曲。钩状部的形状由刀上的齿的形状以及刀的行进路径确定。优选地，不需要进一步(二次)操作来产生钩状形状。
优选地，对刀进行布置，以使得刀能够形成基本经过整个片材的宽度的、连续排的尖锐的结构。优选地，单个刀能够形成基本跨越片材的宽度的、连续排的尖锐的结构。优选地，刀被布置成一个或多个组以在单次冲击或行程中形成若干排的尖锐的结构。
该处理方法可包括检测供给的结束以及停止冲击操作。
优选地，排基本沿着片材的整个长度形成而没有间隙。凸起的多种图案、布置、密度和尺寸都是可能的。在一个实施方式中，每个尖锐的结构都具有小于0.100"的成品高度。尖锐的结构的尺寸可以基于用于不同应用的钩状部级别的分层规模，例如：
超级-最大的钩状部高度0.070"；
常规-最大的钩状部高度0.060"；
迷你-最大的钩状部高度0.045"；以及
微型-最大的钩状部高度0.030"。
优选地，在本实施方式中，每个尖锐的结构在其基础处都具有小于0.050"的成品厚度，更优选地，在其基础处都具有小于0.040"的成品厚度。优选地，在本实施方式中，每个尖锐的结构都具有片材厚度的约150％至约300％之间的成品高度(并且不大于每种类型的钩状部的最大高度为宜)。优选地，在本实施方式中，尖锐的结构在片材上的密度为每平方英寸大约30-200个尖锐结构之间，或者更优选地，对于超级钩状部和常规钩状部，每平方英寸大约40个钩状部；对于迷你钩状部，每平方英寸大约80个钩状部；对于微型钩状部，每平方英寸大约190个钩状部。然而，钩状部的各种不同的尺寸和几何形状都是可能的。另外，钩状部不需要在整体材料上将钩状部设置成精确匹配的排，但可以在区域或图案中形成以适合特定应用。
两面处理方法也是可能的，在两面处理方法中，刀的冲击使得在片材的两面上形成尖锐的结构。
各种纹理化后的步骤都是可能的。纹理化的片材可以在冲击步骤后简单地卷成卷。纹理化的片材可以在冲击步骤后切割成段或条。纹理化的片材可以直接进给至用于将纹理化的片材接合至另一材料的接合站。还有其他的形成和成形选项。例如，纹理化的片材可以进行卷曲成形或进行弯曲来制造管(圆形或其他方式)、或通道、拐角或其他形状。
纹理化的片材材料可形成各种最终产品：卷曲的材料、纹理化的材料件、接合的材料复合件/层压件、成型、卷曲或弯曲的材料片材件或段。
机械附接允许在层压件中接合不均匀的材料，从而结合并增强每个材料的属性(例如，将强度或刚度从薄金属衬垫添加至塑料、橡胶或易碎顶层)。因为虽然个体部件可以很薄，但是整体组装的结构因用于防止材料被轻易折弯或弯曲的嵌入的钩状部的锁定能力而具有相当的强度，所以这还可以用于制成强度非常高的轻量材料。因为两个或更多可能的较低级别(或再循环)材料的属性能够轻易进行结合以具有更多期望的特性，所以这还可以降低对于昂贵或进口材料的需求。层压材料自身还能够进行形成和冲压(优选地通过第一次加热)以至少部分地软化任何非金属层压件。
纹理化的成批材料在制造层压的最终产品之外还可以具有其他用途。该材料可作为切割成长结构材料在其自身上使用，其中纹理化的表面提供防滑或附接就绪的表面(例如，以在安装点处接收成批第二表面)。表面上的钩状部提供有用的表面纹理以接收并抓住材料(例如，纤维材料，其中，钩状部既嵌入纤维材料又困住纤维材料的纤维)。
该材料的薄带还可以像用于捆绑或固定松散或脆弱的材料的带那样使用(通过将带按压中束或材料中或束或材料的周围而轻易地嵌入带，以将束或材料“粘”到一起并进行固定)。
附图说明
图1示出了单面纹理化处理方法。
图2示出了双面纹理化处理方法。
图3示出了用于提供单面纹理化的样本设备的平面图。
图4示出了成批单面纹理化的材料片材的成品卷。
图5示出了图3的纹理的特写。
具体实施方式
本申请提供了用于制造成批纹理化的材料片材的处理方法。随着进给连续供给的平坦材料片材，片材被齿刀反复冲击，每个刀都在片材上产生一排凸起的大体尖锐(钉状)的结构以使片材纹理化。
在图1中以概要形式示出了该处理方法。进给机构将材料2从自缠绕卷1(或供给卷)拉出。材料被进给至用于纹理化的设备3。该设备使用刀(未示出)来冲击该材料，并且在该材料的表面上凸起尖锐的结构。从该设备出来的材料现在具有尖锐的结构。然后，该纹理化的材料4被引导至卷5中(或者被引导到卷取辊上)。
如图2所示，材料2还可以在两面上都进行纹理化。进给机构将材料2从自缠绕卷1(或供给卷)拉出。材料被进给至包括相对的冲击部分(布置在材料两面上的刀-未示出)的修改后的设备3'中。从该设备出来的材料现在在两面上都具有尖锐的结构。然后，该纹理化的材料4'被引导至卷5'中(或者被引导至卷取辊上)。
可选地，单面纹理化的材料4的卷可以在使用适当的支承件以保护第一面的尖锐的结构情况下再次通过该设备以使相反的面纹理化。
如图5中所示，尖锐的结构可以为钩的形式。每个钩状部都由通过冲击刀从材料的表面凿起或刮起来的自身材料整体地形成。钩状部并不从相对的面打通，因此基础材料不会被穿刺或穿孔，而是保留其连续主体的完整性。图4中示出了尖锐的结构(此处为钩状部)的细节。根据材料要求和公差，该设备和工具可以进行改变以形成各种形状、尺寸和密度的钩状部。
该设备的刀优选为在一组中，其中，相对的刀彼此偏置进行定位(即，在一组中彼此交错的“A”套刀与“B”套刀，其中“A”套刀设置成从一面延伸出，“B”套刀设置成从另一面延伸出)。来自该设备的侧冲击使得“A”套刀和“B”套刀朝向彼此，以使得刀齿从材料的表面凿起或刮起钩状部。
可使用各种类型的设备来驱动刀并且形成钩状部。一个有用的实施方式使用压机将齿刀大体驱动至材料片材的表面中并且横跨材料片材的表面。如图3中所示，设备3包括上模板13(上模板13可以安装在压机中、或者是由独立的压机驱动的独立式组件的一部分-如即将公开的于2011年12月6日提交的CA 2,760,923中所述)。横向滑动杆16悬挂自该设备并且在刀10中的槽内滑动。回位弹簧(未示出)连接至滑动杆以朝着彼此偏置滑动杆。压力板19设置在刀上方。两个块壳体21横向地安装在与刀的边缘相邻的模板上。驱动块22通过滑动螺栓23安装在每个块壳体上，其中，滑动螺栓23被设置成与刀的纵向轴线基本平行。滑动块24可滑动地安装在与驱动块相邻的每个壳体中。
在操作中，压机(未示出)将设备3的上模板13驱动在已进给至位于刀10下方的材料撞击区域中的材料上。在刀10冲击材料的表面前，压机的力使滑动块24冲击压机(未示出)的底表面。对于材料的底表面的冲击相对于驱动块22向上驱动滑动块，从而使得滑动块24的倾斜表面与刀的纵轴线基本平行的方向上在驱动块上施加力。该力使每个驱动块沿着其相应的纵轴线在相反的方向移动该组中独立的个体刀。因为仅交替的刀在冲击前接触每个驱动块，所以相邻的刀由每个驱动块在相反的方向上推动。优选地，刀在与材料表面接触前移动。
刀齿11被向下推动至材料中，并且刀还沿着与其纵轴线平行的滑动杆16滑动。这些同时向下的运动以及滑动运动使每个刀齿11形成一个尖锐的结构(钩状部)。
在压机提升后，滑动块24通过压缩弹簧20返回至其起始位置，并且刀10和驱动块22通过其他弹簧(未示出)返回至其起始位置。刀从材料退出，然后，由进给机构(在进程中)使其前进以形成另一纹理化的部分。
图4和图5示出了成品形式的纹理化的材料片材的可能的实施方式。如图所示，该材料可以卷到自身上(或卷取辊上)并且作为为成批(机械附接就绪的)材料进行销售。
成品材料可切割成具体产品或者在双层或多层层压件与一个或多个不均匀的材料结合。
还可以将材料引导至其他下游操作(例如，冲压成成形零件/条/件，在层压件中与一个或多个不均匀的材料接合，或者其他形成。在一个实施方式中，成批材料可以被卷曲形成或弯曲以获得三维形状(例如，圆柱形或其他形状的管)。
各种柔韧的材料可以与该处理方法一同使用。虽然在图4和图5中示出了金属片材，但是还发现该处理方法作用于在一定范围内的宽度和厚度的各种较硬的塑料(大约D55及以上的肖氏硬度)和其他材料上。片材还可以在冲击前进行冷却或加热，以使其更加柔软或者以其他方式更接受纹理化操作。例如，柔软且坚韧的材料(包括硬度低于所建议的D55的肖氏硬度的材料)可以进行冷却或冰冻，以应用该处理方法。
另外，虽然如教导和所示选择材料来保留并保持直立的尖锐的结构，但是在根据该处理方法处理材料(其中钩状部不保持凸起而是倒塌在其自身上)也有优点。对于简单地材料上使表面粗糙或提供被扰乱的表面，该处理方法是很有利的。
以上描述仅说明了本申请的某些优选实施方式。本申请并不限于前面的示例。即，本领域的技术人员应明确且理解的是，修改和变形可能或者将会可能有利于利用或实现本文中描述的本申请的教导。权利要求的范围不应被本示例中记载的优选的实施方式限制，而是应对其给出与整体描述一致的最宽泛目的的解释。

Claims (21)

1.一种用于制造成批纹理化的材料片材的处理方法，包括：
进给连续供给的平坦的材料片材；以及
随着所述片材进行进给，用齿刀反复冲击所述片材，从而每个刀都在所述片材上生成一排凸起且大体尖锐的结构以使所述片材纹理化。
2.如权利要求1所述的处理方法，其中，所述刀被总体向下驱使并且经过所述片材以从所述片材凿出所述尖锐的结构。
3.如权利要求1所述的处理方法，其中，所述尖锐的结构具有倾斜或钩状的形状。
4.如权利要求1所述的处理方法，其中，设置所述刀，以使得所述刀能够形成基本跨越所述片材的宽度的、连续排的尖锐的结构。
5.如权利要求1所述的处理方法，其中，单个刀能够形成基本跨越所述片材的宽度的、连续排的尖锐的结构。
6.如权利要求1所述的处理方法，其中，所述刀被布置成一个或多个组以通过单次冲击或行程形成若干排的尖锐的结构。
7.如权利要求1所述的处理方法，还包括检测所述供给的结束以及停止所述冲击操作。
8.如权利要求1所述的处理方法，其中，所述排基本沿着所述片材的整个长度形成而没有间隙。
9.如权利要求1所述的处理方法，其中，每个所述尖锐的结构都具有小于0.100"的成品高度。
10.如权利要求1所述的处理方法，其中，每个所述尖锐的结构在其基座处都具有小于0.050"的成品厚度。
11.如权利要求1所述的处理方法，其中，每个尖锐的结构都具有在所述片材的厚度的约150％至约300％之间的成品高度。
12.如权利要求1所述的处理方法，其中，所述尖锐的结构在所述片材上的密度在每平方英寸大约30-200个之间。
13.如权利要求1所述的处理方法，其中，所述冲击步骤使尖锐的结构在所述片材的两面上形成。
14.如权利要求1所述的处理方法，还包括在所述冲击步骤后，将纹理化的片材卷成卷。
15.如权利要求1所述的处理方法，还包括在所述冲击步骤后，将纹理化的片材切割成段或条。
16.如权利要求1所述的处理方法，还包括将纹理化的片材进给至用于将纹理化的片材接合至另一材料的接合站。
17.如权利要求1所述的处理方法，还包括成型、卷曲或弯曲纹理化的片材。
18.一种卷曲的纹理化的材料片材，所述卷曲的纹理化的材料片材根据权利要求14所述的处理方法制成。
19.一种纹理化的材料件，所述纹理化的材料件根据权利要求15所述的处理方法制成。
20.一种接合的材料复合件，所述接合的材料复合件根据权利要求16所述的处理方法制成。
21.一种成型的、卷曲的或弯曲的材料片材，所述成型的、卷曲的或弯曲的材料片材根据权利要求17所述的处理方法制成。
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US20190329313A1 (en) 2019-10-31
US20240091841A1 (en) 2024-03-21
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US20160375480A1 (en) 2016-12-29
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US11858025B2 (en) 2024-01-02
RU2642104C2 (ru) 2018-01-24
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EP2855316A1 (en) 2015-04-08
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US10335847B2 (en) 2019-07-02
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US9463502B2 (en) 2016-10-11
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