CN104494357A - Manufacturing method for thangka - Google Patents
Manufacturing method for thangka Download PDFInfo
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- CN104494357A CN104494357A CN201410724811.6A CN201410724811A CN104494357A CN 104494357 A CN104494357 A CN 104494357A CN 201410724811 A CN201410724811 A CN 201410724811A CN 104494357 A CN104494357 A CN 104494357A
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Landscapes
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method for thangka, belonging to the technical field of treatment for obtaining special artistic surface effect or modification surface. The manufacturing method for the thangka comprises the following steps: I. selecting and treating a leather base material; II. modulating pigments; III. drawing; and IV. mounting. The leather thangka obtained by the manufacturing method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the storage is convenient, various environments cannot be damaged easily, the damage caused by mice, insects and the like cannot occur easily, and the rough sketch can be prevented from being damaged by the mice in a special environment due to the non-deformation, non-cracking, non-shrinking and non-stiffness of the practical processed drawing template.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of surface for obtaining special artistic surface effect or modification, being specifically related to the preparation method of Tangka.
Background technology
Tangka is similar to the scroll painting of Tibetan areas, and sheepskin Tangka once appearred in period in the Yuan Dynasty, but because of complexity of doing manual work, unofficial biography etc. reason is not lost already easily, and the current phase is drawn on cloth or paper more, then makes mounting with silks and satins, upper end transverse axis has cord to be convenient to hang, and lower shaft two ends are decorated with exquisite spindle nose.Picture is covered with thin tiffany and two bar colored ribbon.After the Tangka relating to Buddhism is drawn as mounting, lama generally also to be asked to chant scriptures blessing, and cover golden juice or the cinnabar impression of the hand of lama overleaf.Also the weaving done in fine silks and gold thread by the tapestry method of minute quantity, embroidery and pearl Tangka is had.The drafting of Tangka is very complicated, and materials are extremely fastidious, and pigment is natural ore plant material entirely, beautiful in colour, does not prolongedly move back, and has strong snowy region style.Tangka mostly is Tibet religion, history, culture and arts and science and technology etc. in terms of content, condense faith and the wisdom of Tibetan people, recite the civilization in Tibet, history and development, entrust to the care of Tibetan people to the unrivaled emotion of Buddhist patriarch and having boundless love for snowy region local.
The kind of Tangka;
The kind of Tangka is distinguished according to its material used, and pen roughly can be divided into paint Tangka, embroidery Tangka, applique Tangka, weaving done in fine silks and gold thread by the tapestry method Tangka, picture-weaving in silk Tangka, version print Tangka etc.Pen is painted Tangka's majority and is painted on painting canvas, and minority is drawn on thin,tough silk frame and paper.This Tangka is first stretched tight on wooden frame by calico, is coated with last layer colloid lime, then polishes with talcum, then sketch the contours and draw a picture.Work out a draft with carbon pencil when drawing a picture, more flat to be coated with, noisyly to catch look, the colorant of use is very fastidious, adopts the coloring earth of orpiment, azurite, malachite green, cinnabar etc.; Then hook line, spread golden line ball, widen the view, arrange, fitted lining opens the light.
Embroidery Tangka uses the gimmick such as lock embroidery, net embroidery, embroiders into, be divided into high embroidery and plain embroidery with assorted silk thread.High embroidery is cut into the shape such as the figure of buddha, scenery with shades of colour silks and satins, fills wool or cotton, make intermediate projections, then use silk thread embroidered, quite have third dimension, mostly set off by dark-background, is usually popular in Qinghai Taer Monastery one band.Plain embroidery is as the embroidery on general Chinese ground, and become plane picture, a few scenery with hills and waters, personage, flowers, adjacent hair, lobby, building etc., all can embroider.Applique Tangka is commonly called as heap cloth and embroiders, and method first finishes paper original text, then be painted on assorted silks and satins, then cuts, and then piece together and be seamed on a large base fabric, in each monastery, shine the huge Tangka that giant Buddha is used, be all make by this mode substantially.
Weaving done in fine silks and gold thread by the tapestry method Tangka adopts the mode of " stimulate the menstrual flow staplings " to be made into, and color tow sides are identical, but contrary about pattern.People depending on the picture as chased, style and features is elegant.Picture-weaving in silk Tangka is that use is weaved cotton cloth machine, and taking silks and satins as bottom, is latitude with assorted silk thread, utilizes and shuttles be made into works through, parallel.
Version print Tangka is a kind of printing color Tangka, first the image finished is carved into engraving, is that pigment is printed on chiffon or thin diablement fort with ink or cinnabar, and then painted dress is prayed and formed.This Tangka, stroke is very thin, and fill in colors on a sketch and mostly be ink dye outside it, Zhu draws in it, well arranged, peculiar, in order to meet a large amount of needs of monks and laymen to Tangka.What have also continues on confused decorative pattern at the five colours, and beautiful for pearl jewel spun gold is sewed therebetween, and perfect pair, color shines.
Above-described existing Tangka's paint greatly mainly with cloth, silk fabric or paper other be the works of rough sketch, and basic be not the rough sketch of template with leather because be colored drawing Tangka on leather, complexity of not only doing manual work, and be difficult to painted.Nowadays only having the skin of Cheng Wen loyalty to carve Tangka is take leather as template, beat not identical in preparation method with colored drawing Tangka, leather processing is mainly become the leather of easily engraving by his skin carving Tangka, then by its moistening expansion, and then carry out meticulous hand engraving above, last painted mounting, the most emphatically third dimension of engraving and picture scroll.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the preparation method disclosing a kind of Tangka.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
1, the preparation method of leather Tangka, comprises modulation step and the drawing step of pigment, and wherein, the preparation method of described leather Tangka is also included in the process of the leather substrate before the modulation step of pigment and the mounting step after drawing step;
The detailed process of the treatment step of described leather substrate is:
(1) fat few, the easy depilation of spring and summer without knife wound, the Animal Skin of degreasing, is selected;
(2), leather cleaning by degreasing: the Animal Skin cleaning fluid chosen is cleaned, after repeatedly cleaning, dries in the cool;
Wherein, the consisting of of cleaning fluid: water, percentage by weight be 0.02% sodium chloride, percentage by weight be 0.005% sodium acid carbonate and percentage by weight be 0.05% highland barley flour;
(3), to the Animal Skin after drying in the shade preservative treatment is carried out: the leather cleaned through step (2) is soaked 3-5 days in medium-height grass liquid medicine, dries in the cool after taking-up; Then soak reaching to draw in the aqueous solution, at 25 DEG C of-35 DEG C of temperature, carry out maturation process;
Wherein, consisting of of medium-height grass liquid medicine: 500 kilograms, water, salt 4 kilograms, sodium acid carbonate 3 kilograms, 5 kilograms, highland barley flour, the root 3 kilograms of root of langdu flower, tawny daylily fiber crops 3 kilograms, leaf, hide 400 grams, the juice of fortune chloranthus herb, betel nut 500 grams, ginger juice 200 grams, hides willow root 1 kilogram, animal bile 1 kilogram, Swertia mussotii 200 grams;
Wherein, reach and draw consisting of of the aqueous solution: reach draw 50 kilograms, water, percentage by weight is 0.04% salt, percentage by weight is 0.005% sodium acid carbonate, 0.05% highland barley powder and root of langdu flower root 1 kilogram;
Wherein, reaching the time of drawing aqueous solution soaking slaking be: summer 8-10 days, winter 15-20 days;
(4), de-, the soften handled of leather: by the leather after step (3) slaking from after reaching and drawing and take out the aqueous solution, dry in the cool, then first with shoveling depilation greatly, leather is beaten afterwards with toothed wooden stick, after extruding part moisture, again leather is suspended on yoke, carries out softening processing with scimitar; According to the stiff degree of leather, spray white wine, repeatedly operation, until leather softness goes out as velvet, by whole for the moisture in leather drop;
(5), leather surface flatiron process: with leather hair root face for drawing face, be laid on table top, smear gelatine modulation talcum powder, repeatedly draw mill with ganoid cobblestone, then through flatiron flatiron, pound pressure and polishing after must reach drawing require leather;
The detailed process of described mounting step is:
(a), by the rough sketch tiling of finishing on the table, first spray the alcohol of 95%, after moistening, spray siritch again, then at bedding one deck rice paper above, pound by the sandstone bag pressure of heating, then with electric iron flatiron, dry; Above process operates 3 times repeatedly;
(b), mix with the ratio of alcohol in 1:1 with the concoction that boils of root of langdu flower root, spread upon the rough sketch back side, carry out mothproof, preservative treatment;
(c), rough sketch made on cloth cover, to make scroll painting or stick with glue manufactured Board on plank with line and draws.
The preparation method of the leather Tangka described in technique scheme, wherein, in treatment step (3) step of leather substrate, animal bile is the bile of ox, sheep or pig.
The preparation method of the leather Tangka described in technique scheme, wherein, the talcous preparation process of the gelatine modulation in treatment step (5) step of leather substrate is:
(I), boil gelatine: beast bone is put into pot, adds water, boil with slow fire, drop goes out bone, stops heating when forming thick colloid, stand-by;
(II), modulation talcum powder: when thick colloid is cooled to 30 DEG C-40 DEG C, takes out a part of thick colloid and in glassware, add talcum powder modulate, obtain the talcum powder of gelatine modulation; Wherein gelatine and talcum powder mass ratio are 2:1.
The preparation method of the leather Tangka described in technique scheme, wherein, in the modulation step of pigment, mineral pigment used is selected from a kind of or both the above combinations in agate, red coral, cupric oxide, bornite, rock loess, quartz, schorl, turquoise, cinnabar, graphite or gold; Filling colour used is selected from a kind of or both the above combinations in serum, safflower, pearl powder, muscovite, pine charcoal or rheum officinale; Pigment modulator used is selected from a kind of or both the above combinations in animal blood serum, bovine and sheep bile, semi-skimmed milk, wood glue, calabash sesame oil, alcohol or tung oil.
The preparation method of the leather Tangka described in technique scheme, wherein, the process that drawing step is concrete is:
1., leather drawing pin is fixed on drawing board, carries out composition in the ratio of leather size;
The skill and technique of 2., by Tangka painting, according to drawing progress, first sprays white wine at drawing place, and then paints, draw, progressively carry out with this spray limit, limit.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
Adopt method of the present invention make the leather Tangka obtained realize paint be convenient to collection preserve, not fragile in various environment, not easily by destructions such as mouse insects, this graphical template practicality processing after indeformable, do not ftracture, do not shrink, not stiff, soft and not hard, the drawing animal's leather leather (processing) of soft or hard appropriateness, this leather make use of based on the various wild Chinese medicine of root of langdu flower inside in process, these medicines play the toxicity that certain antisepsis maintains the wild medicines such as root of langdu flower outward simultaneously, the injury of these toxicity to human body is insignificant, injury can be had greatly to toys such as mouse, make them dare not close to rough sketch, also prevent rough sketch in particular surroundings and be subject to the unexpected generations such as mouse destruction.In addition in order to prevent works from occurring decolouring or the problem such as color degradation after overlong time, we have done strict requirement and process to leather or pigment, finally make works reach to view and admire reserve value high, holding time permanent characteristic.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
1, Fig. 1 large shovel structural representation of being that leather takes off, using in soften handled process.
2, Fig. 2 is the top view of large shovel structure shown in Fig. 1.
3, Fig. 3 toothed wooden stick structural representation of being that leather takes off, using in soften handled process.
4, Fig. 4 scimitar structural representation of being that leather takes off, using in soften handled process.
Figure number illustrates:
1, the handle of large shovel, 2, the pushing handle of large shovel, 3, the handle of scimitar, 4, the steel disc of scimitar, 5, the pin ring of scimitar.
Detailed description of the invention:
Being convenient to for making technical scheme of the present invention understand, being further described below in conjunction with the preparation method of concrete test example to leather Tangka of the present invention.
embodiment 1:
The preparation method of leather Tangka, comprises step below:
The selection of the first step, leather substrate and process:
(1), spring and summer to be selected without the high-quality Animal Skin of knife wound, because fat is few, easily lose hair or feathers, degreasing, and the sheepskin not selecting autumn in winter, because of the many difficulty depilations of fat, de-oiling;
(2), leather cleaning by degreasing: the Animal Skin cleaning fluid chosen is cleaned, after repeatedly cleaning, dries in the cool;
Wherein, the consisting of of cleaning fluid: water, percentage by weight be 0.02% sodium chloride, percentage by weight be 0.005% sodium acid carbonate and percentage by weight be 0.05% highland barley flour;
(3), to the Animal Skin after drying in the shade preservative treatment is carried out: the leather cleaned through step (2) is soaked 3-5 days in medium-height grass liquid medicine, dries in the cool after taking-up; Then soak reaching to draw in the aqueous solution, at 25 DEG C of-35 DEG C of temperature, carry out maturation process;
Wherein, consisting of of medium-height grass liquid medicine: 500 kilograms, water, salt 4 kilograms, sodium acid carbonate 3 kilograms, 5 kilograms, highland barley flour, root of langdu flower root 3 kilograms, tawny daylily fiber crops 3 kilograms, leaf, hide 400 grams, the juice of fortune chloranthus herb, betel nut 500 grams, ginger juice 200 grams, hides willow root 1 kilogram, the animal biles 1 kilogram such as ox, sheep or pig, Swertia mussotii 200 grams;
Wherein, reach and draw consisting of of the aqueous solution: reach draw 50 kilograms, water, percentage by weight is 0.04% salt, percentage by weight is 0.005% sodium acid carbonate, percentage by weight is 0.05% highland barley powder and root of langdu flower root 1 kilogram;
Wherein, reaching the time of drawing aqueous solution soaking slaking be: summer 8-10 days, winter 15-20 days;
(4), de-, the soften handled of leather: by the leather after step (3) slaking from after reaching and drawing and take out the aqueous solution, dry in the cool, then first with large shovel (shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) depilation, leather is beaten afterwards with toothed wooden stick (shown in Fig. 3), after extruding part moisture, again leather is suspended on yoke, carries out softening processing with scimitar (shown in Fig. 4); According to the stiff degree of leather, spray white wine, repeatedly operation, until leather softness goes out as velvet, by whole for the moisture in leather drop;
(5), leather surface flatiron process: with leather hair root face for drawing face, be laid on table top, smear gelatine modulation talcum powder, repeatedly draw mill with ganoid cobblestone, then through flatiron flatiron, pound pressure and polishing after must reach drawing require leather;
Wherein, the talcous preparation process of gelatine modulation is:
(I), boil gelatine: beast bone is put into pot, adds water, boil with slow fire, drop goes out bone, stops heating when forming thick colloid, stand-by;
(II), modulation talcum powder: when thick colloid is cooled to 30 DEG C-40 DEG C, takes out a part of thick colloid and in glassware, add talcum powder modulate, obtain the talcum powder of gelatine modulation; Wherein gelatine and talcum powder mass ratio are 2:1.
B, drawing pigment and modulator approach:
Draw the pigment that Tangka is used, all take from natural materials, to originate in the natural minerals of snowy region, plant for main production raw material, excellent quality, excellent quality pure color, fast light splendid, weather resistance, local produce compared with similar pigment with other, have the advantages that color does not for a long time take off, form and aspect are striking but not vulgar, can set off serious, noble, elegant atmosphere after matching with golden yellow etc. preferably, become one of unique special color, Tangka's pigment such as silver, gold, coral, pearl, jewel, safflower, madder, agate, rheum officinale.With this precious pigment portrait, beautiful in colour, look bright dignified, pattern is well arranged, grand, there is retention time long, not fugitive color, not perishable advantage.
(1), pigment has mineral pigment and blending pigment:
Mineral pigment: agate, red coral, cupric oxide, bornite, rock loess, quartz, schorl, turquoise, cinnabar, graphite, gold etc.;
Filling colour: serum, safflower, pearl powder, muscovite, pine charcoal, rheum officinale etc.;
(2), pigment modulator: animal blood serum, bovine and sheep bile, semi-skimmed milk, wood glue, calabash sesame oil, alcohol, tung oil etc.
C, drawing:
(1), leather drawing pin is fixed on drawing board, carries out composition in the ratio of leather size.
(2) skill and technique of, by Tangka painting, by drawing progress, first sprays white wine at drawing place, and then paint (object that first spray white wine is painted again is the tack in order to ensure pigment and leather), draws, progressively carry out with this spray limit, limit.
The mounting of D, rough sketch:
(1), by the rough sketch tiling of finishing on the table, first spray the alcohol of 95%, after moistening, spray siritch again, then at bedding one deck rice paper above, pound by the sandstone bag pressure of heating, then with electric iron flatiron, dry; Above process operates 3 times repeatedly, prevent rough sketch curling, shrink;
(2), with the concoction that root of langdu flower root boils mix with the ratio of alcohol in 1:1, spread upon the rough sketch back side, carry out mothproof, preservative treatment;
(3), rough sketch made on cloth cover, to make scroll painting or stick with glue manufactured Board on plank with line and draw.
The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not any formal and substantial restriction is done to the present invention, all those skilled in the art, do not departing within the scope of technical solution of the present invention, when utilizing disclosed above technology contents, and a little change made, modify with differentiation equivalent variations, be Equivalent embodiments of the present invention; Meanwhile, all according to substantial technological of the present invention to the change of any equivalent variations that above embodiment is done, modify and differentiation, all still belong in the scope of technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the preparation method of leather Tangka, comprises modulation step and the drawing step of pigment, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of described leather Tangka is also included in the process of the leather substrate before the modulation step of pigment and the mounting step after drawing step;
The detailed process of the treatment step of described leather substrate is:
(1) fat few, the easy depilation of spring and summer without knife wound, the Animal Skin of degreasing, is selected;
(2), leather cleaning by degreasing: the Animal Skin cleaning fluid chosen is cleaned, after repeatedly cleaning, dries in the cool;
Wherein, the consisting of of cleaning fluid: water, percentage by weight be 0.02% sodium chloride, percentage by weight be 0.005% sodium acid carbonate and percentage by weight be 0.05% highland barley flour;
(3), to the Animal Skin after drying in the shade preservative treatment is carried out: the leather cleaned through step (2) is soaked 3-5 days in medium-height grass liquid medicine, dries in the cool after taking-up; Then soak reaching to draw in the aqueous solution, at 25 DEG C of-35 DEG C of temperature, carry out maturation process;
Wherein, consisting of of medium-height grass liquid medicine: 500 kilograms, water, salt 4 kilograms, sodium acid carbonate 3 kilograms, 5 kilograms, highland barley flour, the root 3 kilograms of root of langdu flower, tawny daylily fiber crops 3 kilograms, leaf, hide 400 grams, the juice of fortune chloranthus herb, betel nut 500 grams, ginger juice 200 grams, hides willow root 1 kilogram, animal bile 1 kilogram, Swertia mussotii 200 grams;
Wherein, reach and draw consisting of of the aqueous solution: reach draw 50 kilograms, water, percentage by weight is 0.04% salt, percentage by weight is 0.005% sodium acid carbonate, percentage by weight is 0.05% highland barley powder and root of langdu flower root 1 kilogram;
Wherein, reaching the time of drawing aqueous solution soaking slaking be: summer 8-10 days, winter 15-20 days;
(4), de-, the soften handled of leather: by the leather after step (3) slaking from after reaching and drawing and take out the aqueous solution, dry in the cool, then first with shoveling depilation greatly, leather is beaten afterwards with toothed wooden stick, after extruding part moisture, again leather is suspended on yoke, carries out softening processing with scimitar; According to the stiff degree of leather, spray white wine, repeatedly operation, until leather softness goes out as velvet, by whole for the moisture in leather drop;
(5), leather surface flatiron process: with leather hair root face for drawing face, be laid on table top, smear gelatine modulation talcum powder, repeatedly draw mill with ganoid cobblestone, then through flatiron flatiron, pound pressure and polishing after must reach drawing require leather;
The detailed process of described mounting step is:
(a), by the rough sketch tiling of finishing on the table, first spray the alcohol of 95%, after moistening, spray siritch again, then at bedding one deck rice paper above, pound by the sandstone bag pressure of heating, then with electric iron flatiron, dry; Above process operates 3 times repeatedly;
(b), mix with the ratio of alcohol in 1:1 with the concoction that boils of root of langdu flower root, spread upon the rough sketch back side, carry out mothproof, preservative treatment;
(c), rough sketch made on cloth cover, to make scroll painting or stick with glue manufactured Board on plank with line and draws.
2. the preparation method of leather Tangka according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in treatment step (3) step of leather substrate, animal bile is the bile of ox, sheep or pig.
3. the preparation method of leather Tangka according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the talcous preparation process of the gelatine modulation in treatment step (5) step of leather substrate is:
(I), boil gelatine: beast bone is put into pot, adds water, boil with slow fire, drop goes out bone, stops heating when forming thick colloid, stand-by;
(II), modulation talcum powder: when thick colloid is cooled to 30 DEG C-40 DEG C, takes out a part of thick colloid and in glassware, add talcum powder modulate, obtain the talcum powder of gelatine modulation; Wherein gelatine and talcum powder mass ratio are 2:1.
4. the preparation method of leather Tangka according to claim 1, is characterized in that: mineral pigment used in the modulation step of pigment is selected from a kind of or both the above combinations in agate, red coral, cupric oxide, bornite, rock loess, quartz, schorl, turquoise, cinnabar, graphite or gold; Filling colour used is selected from a kind of or both the above combinations in serum, safflower, pearl powder, muscovite, pine charcoal or rheum officinale; Pigment modulator used is selected from a kind of or both the above combinations in animal blood serum, bovine and sheep bile, semi-skimmed milk, wood glue, calabash sesame oil, alcohol or tung oil.
5. the preparation method of leather Tangka according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the process that drawing step is concrete is:
1., leather drawing pin is fixed on drawing board, carries out composition in the ratio of leather size;
The skill and technique of 2., by Tangka painting, according to drawing progress, first sprays white wine at drawing place, and then paints, draw, progressively carry out with this spray limit, limit.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105038299A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-11-11 | 容中格能 | Manufacturing method for pigments used for painting thangka |
| CN109878257A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-06-14 | 秋扎 | Point type Tangka's drawing technique |
| CN110406309A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-05 | 泉州市赛雄文化发展有限公司 | A kind of method for drafting that Tangka draws |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102161294A (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2011-08-24 | 程文忠 | Leather carving Thangka |
| CN104118264A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-10-29 | 彬县万兴金箔丝唐卡手工艺品公司 | Craftsmanship of gold foil wire tangka painting |
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- 2014-12-03 CN CN201410724811.6A patent/CN104494357B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102161294A (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2011-08-24 | 程文忠 | Leather carving Thangka |
| CN104118264A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-10-29 | 彬县万兴金箔丝唐卡手工艺品公司 | Craftsmanship of gold foil wire tangka painting |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105038299A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-11-11 | 容中格能 | Manufacturing method for pigments used for painting thangka |
| CN105038299B (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2017-12-22 | 容中格能 | A kind of pigment preparation method for drawing Tangka |
| CN109878257A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-06-14 | 秋扎 | Point type Tangka's drawing technique |
| CN110406309A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-05 | 泉州市赛雄文化发展有限公司 | A kind of method for drafting that Tangka draws |
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