CN104489396B - A kind of resisting stress grass carp expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of resisting stress grass carp expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104489396B CN104489396B CN201410813104.4A CN201410813104A CN104489396B CN 104489396 B CN104489396 B CN 104489396B CN 201410813104 A CN201410813104 A CN 201410813104A CN 104489396 B CN104489396 B CN 104489396B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- grass carp
- dregs
- premix
- high temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Landscapes
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of resisting stress grass carp expanding compound feed, in parts by weight, including following raw material components：14 parts of fish meal, 10 25 parts of dregs of beans, 20 35 parts of rapeseed meals, 5 15 parts of cotton dregs, 5 13 parts of DDGS, 0 10 parts of rice brans, 15 25 portions of wheats, 0.2 part of Choline Chloride, 1.2 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, ore deposit premix more than 0.5 part, 12 parts of soya-bean oil, 0.15 part of multidimensional premix, 0.01 0.03 parts of alanyl glutamines, 0.02 part of bile acid, 0.02 0.1 parts of high temperature resistant phytases, 0.1 0.3 parts of tubers of dwarf lilyturf, 0.1 0.3 portions of ecliptas, 0.1 0.3 parts of Radixs Astragali.The invention provides a kind of grass carp expanding compound feed, has both met grass carp fast-growth needs, can also improve grass carp high temperature resistant stress ability, reduces grass carp intolerant to economic loss caused by transport, promotes grass carp healthy aquaculture and sustainable development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of fodder, more particularly, to a kind of resisting stress grass carp expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Grass carp is China's cultured output highest, the widest fresh-water fishes kind of culturing area, and cultured output in 2012 is 478
Ten thousand tons, account for domestic large fresh-water fishes（Food property）37% or so of cultured output.Guangdong, Hubei and Hunan area are grass carp masters
Region is supported, as cultivation scale and cultivation density increase year by year, and aquatic environment progressively deteriorates, and causes grass carp stress problem
It is on the rise.Especially in the high temperature season of the annual 7-9 months, water temperature generally more than 30 DEG C, deposit the pool and measure higher, height by pond culture
Gentle Crowding Stress cause grass carp stress degree it is larger, easily occur that pond anoxic, material feeding be poor or even the general pool.Meanwhile this rank
Section is Growth of Grass Carps Ctenopharyngodon Idellus and feedstuff feeding peak, and feedstuff feeding amount accounts for more than the 60% of whole year, and raiser is led to pursue the speed of growth
It is often excessive to feed or feed high-grade puffing material, cause grass carp metabolic burden larger, grass carp constitution is poor.In recent years hot water fish price compared with
It is good, raiser when high temperature sells fish and transport, some constitutions it is bad or stress be stronger fish easily there is red body, unsticking, fall squama
Influence terminal market selling price and even transport death etc., causing raiser to sell, fish is baffled, culture benefit and yield decline, and turns into restriction
One of an important factor for grass carp aquaculture industry develops.
Widely used feed of grass carp is usually heavy property granular mixed feed in the market, too pursues least cost,
The shortcomings of speed of growth is slow, feed coefficient is high, easy waste causes water pollution be present.Part grass carp culturing area, which also has, to be used
Expanding compound feed, but generally only focus on the speed of growth of grass carp, and in expanded pellet diet production process it is hot and humid easily
Cause some heat-sensitive substances（Such as vitamin）Loss, cause expanded pellet diet cultivate grass carp be easier appearance stress be strong,
Intolerant to the phenomenon of transport.Therefore, it is necessary to provide a kind of grass carp expanding compound feed, both met grass carp fast-growth needs,
It can improve grass carp high temperature resistant stress ability, reduce grass carp intolerant to economic loss caused by transport, promote grass carp healthy aquaculture and can
Sustainable development.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of resisting stress grass carp expanding compound feed, in parts by weight, including following raw material components：1-4
Part fish meal, 10-25 parts dregs of beans, 20-35 parts rapeseed meal, 5-15 parts cotton dregs, 5-13 part DDGS, 0-10 parts rice bran, 15-25 parts wheat,
0.2 part of Choline Chloride, 1.2-2 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, ore deposit premix more than 0.5 part, 1-2 parts soya-bean oil, 0.15 part of multidimensional premix,
0.01-0.03 parts alanyl glutamine, 0.02 part of bile acid, 0.02-0.1 part high temperature resistant phytases, 0.1-0.3 part tubers of dwarf lilyturf,
0.1-0.3 part ecliptas, 0.1-0.3 part Radixs Astragali.
Optimization formula is, in parts by weight, including following raw material components：2.5 parts of fish meal, 18 parts of dregs of beans, 30 parts of rapeseed meals, 10
Part cotton dregs, 6 parts of DDGS, 9 parts of rice brans, 19.9 portions of wheats, 0.2 part of Choline Chloride, 1.7 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, the premix of ore deposit more than 0.5 part
Material, 1.5 parts of soya-bean oil, 0.15 part of multidimensional premix, 0.02 part of alanyl glutamine, 0.02 part of bile acid, 0.04 part of high temperature resistant
Phytase, 0.1 part of tuber of dwarf lilyturf, 0.3 portion of eclipta, 0.1 part of Radix Astragali.
Optimization formula is, in parts by weight, including following raw material components：1 part of fish meal, 25 parts of dregs of beans, 34 parts of rapeseed meals, 5 parts
Cotton dregs, 13 parts of DDGS, 17.1 portions of wheats, 0.2 part of Choline Chloride, 1.3 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, ore deposit premix more than 0.5 part, 2 parts of beans
Oil, 0.15 part of multidimensional premix, 0.02 part of alanyl glutamine, 0.02 part of bile acid, 0.08 part of high temperature resistant phytase, 0.3
Part tuber of dwarf lilyturf, 0.15 portion of eclipta, 0.2 part of Radix Astragali.
Preparation method：
By the dregs of beans after coarse crushing, rapeseed meal, cotton dregs, DDGS (maize alcohol lees), rice bran, wheat, and fish meal, chlorination courage
Alkali, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, more ore deposit premixes etc. add in mixer stir in the lump, will after secondary ultramicro grinding crosses 80 mesh
It is quenched that vapor is added in mixed material immigration quality-adjusting device, it is quenched that expanded pellet diet is made into puffing granulator afterwards, after expanded
Feed is dried in drying machine；By alanyl glutamine, bile acid, multidimensional premix, high temperature resistant phytase together with soya-bean oil
Add in grease spraying machine and be well mixed, be sprayed onto in the puffing material dried and cooled down with mist.
Expanding compound feed provided by the present invention for improving grass carp resistant transport ability, the advantage is that：
（1）Bile acid, alanyl glutamine are with the addition of in this feed, metabolism in fish body can be promoted, especially
Fat metabolism, caused free radical in metabolic process is removed, alleviate liver pressure, improve fish body health situation.
（2）In the case where high temperature and stocking density are big, grass carp stress be big, easily frightened, draws in the net to sell fish in this case
Fish body anoxic is easily lead to, this expanded pellet diet with the addition of the Antistress agents such as the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, eclipta, can improve the resist oxygen lack of body
Ability, reduces the stress reaction brought by anoxic of fish body, for example unsticking, falls squama etc..
（3）Feed nitrogen energy nutrient balance, the phytic acid that addition phytase can degrade in miscellaneous dregs of rice, reduce the nutrition of feed moderate resistance because
Sub- content, grass carp digestive utilization ratio is high, and ammonia nitrogen discharge is few；The phytic acid that can not be applied in feed a part by body can be discharged simultaneously
Phosphorus, a part of phosphorus source is provided for fish body, so as to reduce the discharge capacity of phosphorus in the addition of phosphorus and water body in feed.
（4）Functional component in this feed is added in the form of being sprayed after, and the destruction for avoiding high temperature working processes is made
With being able in feed retain and give full play to its effect well, it is serious to avoid the component damages in traditional puffed material
Defect, also effectively reduce feed cost.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to specific embodiment.Unless stated otherwise, the present invention use reagent,
Apparatus and method are the art routinely reagent, equipment and conventional use of method purchased in market.
Embodiment 1
The present invention is a kind of resisting stress grass carp expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof, using following processing step：
A kind of resisting stress grass carp expanding compound feed, is calculated with weight, is made up of following raw material components：2.5%
Fish meal, 18% dregs of beans, 30% rapeseed meal, 10% cotton dregs, 6%DDGS (maize alcohol lees), 9% rice bran, 19.9% wheat, 0.2% chlorination courage
Alkali, 1.7% calcium dihydrogen phosphate, the premix of ore deposit more than 0.5%, 1.5% soya-bean oil, 0.15% multidimensional premix, 0.02% alanyl glutamy
Amine, 0.02% bile acid, 0.04% high temperature resistant phytase, 0.1% tuber of dwarf lilyturf, 0.3% eclipta, 0.1% Radix Astragali.
By the dregs of beans after coarse crushing, rapeseed meal, cotton dregs, DDGS (maize alcohol lees), rice bran, wheat, and fish meal, chlorination courage
Alkali, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, more ore deposit premixes etc. add in mixer stir in the lump, will after secondary ultramicro grinding crosses 80 mesh
It is quenched that vapor is added in mixed material immigration quality-adjusting device, it is quenched that expanded pellet diet is made into puffing granulator afterwards, after expanded
Feed is dried in drying machine；By alanyl glutamine, bile acid, multidimensional premix, high temperature resistant phytase together with soya-bean oil
Add in grease spraying machine and be well mixed, be sprayed onto in the puffing material dried and cooled down with mist.
Regional in changde, hunan Hanshou using this feed, the grass carp density put in a suitable place to breed is 1400 tails/mu, feeds this feed 64
My god, the fish date：On August 1st, 2014, fish weight：4000 jin, fish average size is 2.4 jin/tail, and fish body mucus is more, face
Color is normal, and fish guano full scale 2.0, build is not fertile, health, last 10 hours long-distance transport after without red body phenomenon, with hand groping for fish body surface
Without coarse sensation, scale compacts, and sells lover, and price is high.
Embodiment 2
In Hubei purslane speedwell fish culture market, the resisting stress grass carp expanded pellet diet total 1000 prepared is formulated by embodiment 1
Ton, using the water surface in 2000 waters surface, raiser 124, fish valency is caught up with for quick harvesting hot water fish, whole used in the 7-9 months
Resisting stress grass carp expanded pellet diet of the present invention, grass carp is average from 0.5 jin of weightening to 2.2 jin, and feed coefficient average 1.32, hot water fish rises
Vigor is stronger when catching, and fish body mucus is more, and scale is tight, by 3-8 hours（It is average 4.9 hours）Transport to after market, feedback stress
The severe such as 6 families, desquamation of slight red body stress 1 family, incidence is 4.8% and 0.8% respectively；Whole flat peach market hot water fish fortune
Output is existing slight and severe stress incidence be respectively 15.5% and 4.1%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of resisting stress grass carp expanding compound feed, is calculated with weight, is made up of following raw material components：1% fish
Powder, 25% dregs of beans, 34% rapeseed meal, 5% cotton dregs, 13%DDGS (maize alcohol lees), 17.1% wheat, 0.2% Choline Chloride, 1.3% phosphoric acid
Calcium dihydrogen, the premix of ore deposit more than 0.5%, 2% soya-bean oil, 0.15% multidimensional premix, 0.02% alanyl glutamine, 0.02% bile acid,
0.08% high temperature resistant phytase, 0.3% tuber of dwarf lilyturf, 0.15% eclipta, 0.2% Radix Astragali.
Preparation method according to embodiment 1 obtains puffing material of the present invention.
In Guangzhou Fanyu, great Gang grass carps cultivation market is total 3000 tons using this feed, using the water surface about at 2100 mu,
Total raiser 102, by resisting stress grass carp expanded pellet diet of the present invention and common grass carp particulate material 1:1 mixing is fed, in 5-11
Month, average each raiser sold fish 4-5 batches per fish is sold within 30-45 days once, and it is small to arrive market hours about 3-4 after grass carp harvesting
When, feedback occur slightly stress 3.1%, no severe stress occur；Slight and severe after the grass carp harvesting transport of whole great Gang markets
Stress incidence be respectively 10.3% and 2.7%.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of resisting stress grass carp expanding compound feed, it is characterised in that in parts by weight, be made up of following raw material：1-4 part fishes
Powder, 10-25 parts dregs of beans, 20-35 parts rapeseed meal, 5-15 parts cotton dregs, 5-13 part DDGS, 0-10 parts rice bran, 15-25 parts wheat, 0.2 part
Choline Chloride, 1.2-2 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, ore deposit premix more than 0.5 part, 1-2 parts soya-bean oil, 0.15 part of multidimensional premix, 0.01-
0.03 part of alanyl glutamine, 0.02 part of bile acid, 0.02-0.1 part high temperature resistant phytases, 0.1-0.3 part tubers of dwarf lilyturf, 0.1-
0.3 portion of eclipta, 0.1-0.3 part Radixs Astragali；The preparation method of the mixed feed comprises the following steps：
S1. by the dregs of beans after coarse crushing, rapeseed meal, cotton dregs, DDGS, rice bran, wheat, and fish meal, Choline Chloride, biphosphate
Calcium, more ore deposit premixes, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, eclipta, the Radix Astragali are added in mixer stir in the lump, and 80 mesh are crossed through secondary ultramicro grinding
Afterwards, mixed material moves into quality-adjusting device to add vapor quenched, into puffing granulator expanded pellet diet is made after quenched, it is expanded
Feed afterwards is dried in drying machine；
S2. alanyl glutamine, bile acid, multidimensional premix, high temperature resistant phytase are added into grease spraying together with soya-bean oil
It is well mixed in machine, is sprayed onto in the puffing material dried obtained by S1 and cools down with mist.
2. a kind of resisting stress grass carp expanding compound feed, it is characterised in that in parts by weight, be made up of following raw material：2.5 portions of fishes
Powder, 18 parts of dregs of beans, 30 parts of rapeseed meals, 10 parts of cotton dregs, 6 parts of DDGS, 9 parts of rice brans, 19.9 portions of wheats, 0.2 part of Choline Chloride, 1.7 parts
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate, ore deposit premix more than 0.5 part, 1.5 parts of soya-bean oil, 0.15 part of multidimensional premix, 0.02 part of alanyl glutamine,
0.02 part of bile acid, 0.04 part of high temperature resistant phytase, 0.1 part of tuber of dwarf lilyturf, 0.3 portion of eclipta, 0.1 part of Radix Astragali；The mixed feed
Preparation method comprise the following steps：
S1. by the dregs of beans after coarse crushing, rapeseed meal, cotton dregs, DDGS, rice bran, wheat, and fish meal, Choline Chloride, biphosphate
Calcium, more ore deposit premixes, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, eclipta, the Radix Astragali are added in mixer stir in the lump, and 80 mesh are crossed through secondary ultramicro grinding
Afterwards, mixed material moves into quality-adjusting device to add vapor quenched, into puffing granulator expanded pellet diet is made after quenched, it is expanded
Feed afterwards is dried in drying machine；
S2. alanyl glutamine, bile acid, multidimensional premix, high temperature resistant phytase are added into grease spraying together with soya-bean oil
It is well mixed in machine, is sprayed onto in the puffing material dried obtained by S1 and cools down with mist.
3. a kind of resisting stress grass carp expanding compound feed, it is characterised in that in parts by weight, be made up of following raw material：1 portion of fish
Powder, 25 parts of dregs of beans, 34 parts of rapeseed meals, 5 parts of cotton dregs, 13 parts of DDGS, 17.1 portions of wheats, 0.2 part of Choline Chloride, 1.3 parts of biphosphates
Calcium, ore deposit premix more than 0.5 part, 2 parts of soya-bean oil, 0.15 part of multidimensional premix, 0.02 part of alanyl glutamine, 0.02 part of bile
Acid, 0.08 part of high temperature resistant phytase, 0.3 part of tuber of dwarf lilyturf, 0.15 portion of eclipta, 0.2 part of Radix Astragali；The preparation method of the mixed feed
Comprise the following steps：
S1. by the dregs of beans after coarse crushing, rapeseed meal, cotton dregs, DDGS, wheat, and it is fish meal, Choline Chloride, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, more
Ore deposit premix, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, eclipta, the Radix Astragali add in mixer stir in the lump, will be mixed after secondary ultramicro grinding crosses 80 mesh
Compound material moves into quality-adjusting device that to add vapor quenched, and into puffing granulator expanded pellet diet is made after quenched, it is expanded after feeding
Material is dried in drying machine；
S2. alanyl glutamine, bile acid, multidimensional premix, high temperature resistant phytase are added into grease spraying together with soya-bean oil
It is well mixed in machine, is sprayed onto in the puffing material dried obtained by S1 and cools down with mist.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410813104.4A CN104489396B (en) | 2014-12-24 | 2014-12-24 | A kind of resisting stress grass carp expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410813104.4A CN104489396B (en) | 2014-12-24 | 2014-12-24 | A kind of resisting stress grass carp expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104489396A CN104489396A (en) | 2015-04-08 |
| CN104489396B true CN104489396B (en) | 2018-01-12 |
Family
ID=52930929
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410813104.4A Active CN104489396B (en) | 2014-12-24 | 2014-12-24 | A kind of resisting stress grass carp expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104489396B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104982760A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-10-21 | 盐城工学院 | Anti-stress low fish meal compound feed for pikes and production method thereof |
| CN105166551A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-23 | 通威股份有限公司 | Fodder capable of improving stress capability of grass carp |
| CN106360124A (en) * | 2016-08-27 | 2017-02-01 | 天长市金农农业发展有限公司 | Environmentally protective feed with good formability for grass carps |
| CN107736503A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-02-27 | 安徽泰益生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of leech artificial farming feed |
| CN109198264A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-15 | 佛山市顺德区旺海饲料实业有限公司 | A kind of grass carp expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof reducing the high temperature season death rate |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4693897A (en) * | 1984-08-16 | 1987-09-15 | Monell Chemical Senses Center | Stimulation and enhancement of feeding in herbivorous fish |
| CN103815201A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-05-28 | 明建华 | Anti-stress and puffed mixed feed for ctenopharyngodon idellus and production method for feed |
-
2014
- 2014-12-24 CN CN201410813104.4A patent/CN104489396B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4693897A (en) * | 1984-08-16 | 1987-09-15 | Monell Chemical Senses Center | Stimulation and enhancement of feeding in herbivorous fish |
| CN103815201A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-05-28 | 明建华 | Anti-stress and puffed mixed feed for ctenopharyngodon idellus and production method for feed |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 外源胆汁酸对草鱼生长、抗氧化能力及脂肪代谢的影响;郭永丽等;《全国动物生理生化第十次学术交流会论文摘要汇编》;20080731;第169页倒数第1-2段、第170页第1-2段 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104489396A (en) | 2015-04-08 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102018151B (en) | Adult stage powdery compound feed for trionyx sinensis | |
| CN104489396B (en) | A kind of resisting stress grass carp expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103535530B (en) | Mixed feed for mixed culture of litopenaeus vannamei and grass carp and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102090538B (en) | Powdered formula feed for soft-shell turtles at juvenile turtle stage | |
| CN102406092B (en) | Granular feed for megalobrama amblycephala parent fish and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102018152B (en) | Powdery matched feed for Chinese soft-shelled turtle at young stage | |
| CN101912078B (en) | High-efficiency and environmentally-friendly compound feed for paralichthys olivaceus and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102987161B (en) | Broiler feed without containing antibiotics | |
| CN101912082B (en) | Laying-hen compound feed and production method thereof | |
| CN102613435B (en) | Compound feed for grass carp wintering and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102090540B (en) | Wenchang chicken feed containing corn starch and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104413269B (en) | A kind of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low and basket fish compound feed used for polyculture and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102326688A (en) | Compound feed for broilers of 3 to 5 weeks and preparation method of compound feed | |
| CN110353128A (en) | A kind of environment-protecting feed of strengthen immunity and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103478438B (en) | Mixed feed for mixotrophic culture of litopenaeus vannamei and sparus latus and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104472952A (en) | Feed formula for late fattening of mule ducks | |
| CN108782959A (en) | A kind of low egg mixed feed high in fat of environmental protection type crucian | |
| CN105533291A (en) | Non-fish-meal and non-bean-meal compound feed suitable for yellow river carps and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109170328B (en) | Compound feed for cage-rearing laying ducks and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103168969B (en) | Green, environment-friendly, nutritional and efficient sunfish feed | |
| CN104222665A (en) | Summer flower compound feed in ideal protein amino acid mode for megalobrama amblycephala as well as preparation method and application of compound feed | |
| CN102630835A (en) | Compound feed for commercial middle broilers at age between 22 days and 42 days and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102406090A (en) | Megalobrama amblycephala overwintering feed and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105661106A (en) | Feed for overwintering domestication of grass carp and preparation method thereof and grass carp overwintering culture method | |
| CN104905078A (en) | Granulated grass carp fodder |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |