CN104487222B - 压缩模塑紧固件 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种形成用于压缩模塑组件的升高的表面特征的方法,包括将先前提到的插入件置于一驱动夹具销轴上,其销轴最初处在缩进位置。然后将模具的上部关闭,其配置有该模具的底部上置有的预浸材料层的粗加工成品上的所述缩进驱动夹具销轴。当可流动材料填充在该模具上部的模具型腔时,驱使所述的夹具销轴朝向所述的预浸材层。在该销轴消除在该模具型腔的该升高表面特征中的孔隙的压力下,该推进动作填满了该表面特征,该型腔被配置用于形成升高表面特征。
Description
与之相关的专利申请
本申请主张2012年5月22日递交的序列号为61/650,097的美国临时申请的优先权,据此,其内容通过引用的方式并入。
技术领域
本发明通常涉及压缩模塑,特别是一种用于改善片状模塑料和预浸材压缩模塑中不规则特征的工艺性的紧固插入件。
背景技术
复合材料为改造的或自然生成的材料,其由具有明显不同的物理和化学特性的两种或更多的组分材料组成,其在完成结构中的宏观和微观尺度上保持着独立和独特。有两种类别的组分材料:基质的和强化的。需要每个类型的至少一部分。通过保持其相对位置,基质材料包围和支撑着强化材料。该强化给予其特别的机械性和物理性质以增强基质性质。一种协同生产的材料特性无法从单组份材料中获得,同时多种多样的基质和强化材料使得产品或结构的设计者选择一种最佳组合。
商业上生产的复合材料通常采用称之为树脂溶液的聚合物基体材料。有许多不同的聚合物可用,其取决于起始的原材料,其可被列入几个大类中,每个都有很多变种。分类树脂最常见的类别的例子包括聚酯、乙烯基酯、环氧基树脂、酚醛树脂、聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺、聚丙烯、聚醚醚酮以及其他。
复合材料的强化材料典型地不仅为纤维还可有常见的研磨矿物质。纤维增强复合材料可以被分成两种主要的类别,其被称为短纤维强化材料和长纤维强化材料。长强化材料通常构成分层或层压结构。该织物和长纤维类型代表性的用于各种各样的形式中,采用给定的基质(树脂)预浸渍,干燥,不同宽度的单向带,平纹梭织、经缎、辫状和缝纫。开发出不同的方法以通过增加纤维含量减少复合材料中的树脂含量。典型地,复合材料可能具有比例为范围从60%的树脂和40%的纤维到具有40%的树脂和60%的纤维含量的复合材料。采用复合材料形成的产品的强度非常依赖于强化材料的树脂比例。
预浸材为用于材料中的“预浸渍”复合纤维的通常术语,如已经存在的环氧基树脂。如上述所述,预浸材纤维一般具有织物或是单向的。预浸材料已经包含一些在制造中用于将预浸渍纤维结合在一起以及和其他组分结合的基质材料。由于其活化通常大多通过高温完成,预浸材料通常在冷却的区域中保存。因此,由预浸材构建的复合结构典型地需要烘箱或高压釜来固化。
预浸压缩模塑采用预浸材料,其典型地由长纤维强化材料制成,其采用特别模式被切成片状或层状。在压缩模塑过程中,该预浸材层被手工组装成由多层预浸层材料组成的粗加工成品,然后该粗加工成品被放入模具中压缩,其将预浸材料的层固定并且固化预浸材料。然而,由于预浸材料典型地具有长纤维模式,典型地该预浸材料任何程度上不会流入模具中。因此,当具有不规则厚度或从表面突出的特征时,如紧固件凸起部(最佳如图5所示),这需要模具上有要填充的低洼处或空隙,其对于增加一种要么能流向作为单独层的预浸材要么能流向靠近需要填充的不规则几何体、作为单独材料的粗加工成品的材料是有帮助的。然而,即使加入了另外的材料,使材料流进不规则集合体的问题还是存在。在插入件或作为模塑过程或作为后成型的零件被安装入圆形凸起物内部的情况下,很难使此些圆形凸起物完全填充且不具有孔隙或材料空隙。在模具结构上的孔隙的存在会造成渗漏通道。此外,插入件的后成型组件如紧固件或在模塑圆形凸起物中的螺纹通道具有的流动性很差会产生脆性材料。圆形凸起物的脆弱的特征和其他获得的特征可能会引起压缩模塑组件的过早损坏,而且对于依赖于模塑组件的强度和可靠度的使用者来说有潜在的可怕的后果。
因此,存在对一种设备和方法的需求,其可形成更可靠结实的表面特征并没有材料空洞,其中该表面特征突出于压缩模塑表面,包括表面特征例如容纳紧固插入件的圆形凸起物。
发明内容
提供了一种插入件,具有从有一系列螺纹的该插入件内部的埋头孔延伸出的一圆柱形中心空间。该中心空间通过圆柱壁定义以容纳一紧固件。具有多平面的多面区域被设于嵌入区域末端。从该多面区域延伸出的锥形区域在一尖锐的前缘终止。
一种形成用于压缩模压装配件的升高的表面特征的方法包括:将先前描述的插入件置于一驱动夹具销轴上,其销轴最初处在缩进位置。将模具的上部关闭,其配置有该模具的底部上置有的预浸材料层的粗加工成品上的所述缩进驱动夹具销轴。当可流动材料填充在该模具上部的模具型腔时,驱使所述的夹具销轴朝向该预浸材层。在采用该销轴消除在该模具型腔的该升高表面特征中的孔隙的压力下,该插入件的该推进动作填满了该表面特征,该型腔被配置用于形成所述的升高的表面特征。
附图说明
图1为用于改善片状模塑料和预浸压缩模塑的不规则特征的工艺性的创造性插入件的透视图;
图2为图1中创造性插入件沿着线2-2的侧视图,图解了两个能量电池被介于用片状模塑料(SMC)形成的双重壁之间的相变材料区域(PCM)包围;
图3为图1和2沿着线A-A的剖视图,图解了紧固螺纹;
图4图解出图1和2的插入件的顶视图;以及
图5图解出由图1~4的创造性插入件形成的两个相邻的圆形凸起件。
具体实施方式
本发明被作为可形成压缩模塑组件的更可靠结实的表面特征并没有材料空洞的一种设备和方法而使用,其中该表面特征突出于压缩模具表面,包括的表面特征例如容纳紧固插入件的圆形凸起物。
本发明的实施例提供了一种插入件,其为在例如不规则或升高表面的压缩模塑设计内部的插入模塑特征,其凭借该创造性的插入件置于可采用液压缸驱动的销轴上,以使销轴前进或使销轴缩进。在模塑流程一开始,该创造性插入件的一个实施例被置于一夹具销轴上,该销轴处于一个缩进位置。随后,当模具在预浸材层的粗加工成品上闭合时,支撑创造性插入件的实施例中的销轴处于缩进位置,以具有更多的空间用于另外的材料移至升高表面特征例如如图5所示的圆形凸起物内部。一旦达到了合格的模制压力时,那时夹具销轴会被驱动进入圆形凸起物内部,从而使创造性的插入件前进到位置,并在该销轴消除在模具型腔中升高的表面特征内的孔隙的压力下,用该创造性插入件的前进动作促进填满圆形凸起物或表面特征。然而,因为该创造性插入件移动到位置上,该创造性插入件可能不得不穿过编织的或单向形式的长纤维制成的预浸材层。为了渗透入纤维强化预浸材层,该创造性的插入件的实施例具有一尖锐前缘或点以渗透强化层。相比之下,早先的插入件设计采用扁平前缘。此外,创造性插入件的实施例提供了附加特征以改善易制性,包括一死锁条件以阻止夹具销轴从插入件中拉出,创造性插入件的圆形的封头设计(开端)使得该创造性插入件扎入夹具销轴上的机械加工容器中以促进其与流动在模具中的树脂封闭隔开,当被连接到夹具销轴上时,创造性插入件开端的在创造性插入件的螺纹前的平滑的埋头孔也起了密封的作用。
如图1所示,图1为创造性插入件10的透视图,其能改善片状模塑料和预浸压缩模塑中不规则特征的工艺性。插入件10由多种材料制成,包括一种金属、一种金属合金、木材、高温塑料或复合材料、以及他们的组合。插入件10具有一系列平面12,其在图2和4中显示,为的是将插入件10卡于相对于插入件10要插入的模塑目标的固定的非旋转位置。如图4所示,插入件10具有六个平面12。然而,值得注意的是其他实施例可具有或多或少旋转卡合面,如3、4、5、7、8、9或10的面,可有另外的卡合特征以固定模塑料。插入件10具有截锥形部分14以辅助插入件10插入模塑料。截锥形部分14以一个尖锐的前缘或点16结束,以渗透可能存在于预浸材料、片状模塑组合物或其他复合材料中的强化纤维层。嵌入区域18提供了模塑材料环绕插入件10流动的区域,有助于在模制品中留住插入件10。边缘区域20和扣环22防止树脂和其他模塑材料流动超过插入件10的外末端(头部)24。嵌入区域18具有的周长小于扣环22的。外末端24的圆形使插入件10直插入夹具(未显示)的机加工容器中,有助于将夹具与在模具中流动的树脂封闭隔开。图3提供了图1和2中沿着A-A线的创造性插入件的剖视图,其显示了形成于紧固件内部的圆柱壁上形成的平滑的埋头孔区域26和紧固螺纹28。当附着于夹具时,在螺纹28之前的插入件10的开端24上的该平滑的埋头孔26也起了密封的作用。螺纹28被设计用于将连接模制组件的紧固件啮合到其他对象上(未显示)。在本发明的有些实施例中,螺纹28通过具有插入件10的更大的孔的套筒来确定。该套筒相对于插入件10为相似的或不同的组成。在某些实施例中插入件10在型腔中经受过加热以促进可流动材料固化。
图5显示了在采用图1~4所示的创造性插入件的实施例形成的已完成模制品上的两个相邻的圆形凸起物。插入件10在圆形凸起物30中央。插入件20的开端24延伸出形成该圆形凸起物的模塑材料之外。螺纹28充当连接到圆形凸起物30的模制组件的固定物。
上述描述解释了本发明特别实施例,但是不意味着基于其做法上的限制。以下权利要求,包括它们的所有同等物,意图定义本发明的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种插入件,包括:
从具有一系列螺纹的所述插入件内部的埋头孔延伸出的一圆柱形中心空间,该空间由圆柱壁限定以容纳一紧固件;
在嵌入区域的末端的、具有多个平面的多面区域;以及
从所述的多面区域延伸出的在一尖锐的前缘终止的锥形区域。
2.根据权利要求1所述的插入件,还包括在嵌入区域近端的,具有一边缘以及环绕埋头孔的扣环的上部区域。
3.根据权利要求1所述的插入件,其中该尖锐的前缘形成一个尖端。
4.根据权利要求2所述的插入件,其中在所述的边缘下面的所述的嵌入区域具有的周长小于所述扣环的周长。
5.根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的插入件,其中所述的插入件由金属、金属合金、木头、或复合材料形成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的插入件,其中所述的插入件适合于与一夹具销轴啮合。
7.根据权利要求6所述的插入件,其中所述的插入件具有的螺纹与所述的夹具销轴啮合。
8.根据权利要求6所述的插入件,包括具有用于与所述夹具销轴啮合的螺纹的套筒。
9.一种形成用于压缩模压组件的升高的表面特征的方法;所述方法包括:
将权利要求1的插入件置于一驱动夹具销轴上,其销轴最初处在缩进位置;
将模具的上部关闭,其配置有所述模具的底部上置有的预浸材料层的粗加工成品上的所述驱动夹具销轴;以及
当可流动材料填充在该模具上部的模具型腔时,驱使所述的夹具销轴朝向所述的预浸材料层,所述的型腔被配置用于形成所述的升高的表面特征;在该销轴消除在该模具型腔的该升高表面特征中的孔隙的压力下,所述的插入件的该推进动作填满了该表面特征。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,还包括加热所述的型腔以固化所述可流动材料。
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PCT/US2013/042257 WO2013177298A1 (en) | 2012-05-22 | 2013-05-22 | Compression molding fastener |
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CN104487222A CN104487222A (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
CN104487222B true CN104487222B (zh) | 2017-03-08 |
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US10782534B1 (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2020-09-22 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Near eye display (NED) device housing shell integrated with molded boss clusters for precision mounting of hardware components |
DE102020201609A1 (de) | 2020-02-10 | 2021-08-12 | Elringklinger Ag | Verfahren zum Funktionalisieren eines faserverstärkten Kunststoffbauteils, Funktionselement zum Funktionalisieren eines faserverstärkten Kunststoffbauteils, Bauteilverbund und Vorrichtung zum Funktionalisieren eines faserverstärkten Kunststoffbauteils |
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CN104487222A (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
MX2014014231A (es) | 2015-08-06 |
EP2852483A4 (en) | 2016-01-06 |
EP2852483B1 (en) | 2017-02-08 |
WO2013177298A1 (en) | 2013-11-28 |
BR112014029041A2 (pt) | 2017-06-27 |
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