CN104472858A - Preparation method of rabbit manure biological feed - Google Patents
Preparation method of rabbit manure biological feed Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of biological feed processing, and particularly discloses a preparation method of rabbit manure biological feed. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing slurry from rabbit manure powder and a water extraction concentrate of residue of edible mushrooms at the weight ratio of 1:(5-15), placing the slurry at the temperature of 80-90 DEG C, carrying out the Maillard reaction for 36-50 hours, adding a compound microorganism bacterium accounting for 4-8 percent by weight of the slurry, culturing and fermenting for 72-150 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 26-40 DEG C, the stirring speed is 50-180 rpm and the ventilatory capacity is 1:(0.3-1.5)V/V/min, carrying out vacuum concentration on the fermented slurry into thick paste under the conditions that the temperature is 33-36 DEG C and the pressure is -0.065-0.095 MPa, then carrying out low-temperature vacuum drying till the water content is 6-8%, smashing and screening, carrying out dry-type vertical compression pelletizing to obtain the rabbit manure biological feed. According to the preparation method, the efficient utilization of the residue of the edible mushrooms can be achieved, the application value of the rabbit manures as the feed is improved, waste resources are used to the hilt, the industrial chain is expanded, the comprehensive utilization benefits of edible mushrooms cultivation and the meat rabbit breeding industry waste are increased, the economic benefits are increased, and the ecological environment is protected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of feed processing, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of rabbit excrement biological fermentation feed.
Background technology
Rabbit keeping is swift and violent in China's development in recent years, intensive culture progressively forms the scale varied in size in various places, the low achievement in research display rabbit meat in recent years in addition of feeding cost due to rabbit not only has abundant nutrition, and be described as beauty food, export volume and the home sale amount of rabbit meat increase year by year, and boosting the scale sexual development of China's meat rabbit aquaculture undoubtedly.The development of rabbit industry, the amount of the rabbit excrement produced undoubtedly also gathers increase, and this provides abundant raw material resources also to the comprehensive processing and utilization of rabbit excrement.In traditional idea, rabbit excrement is a kind of organic fertilizer of high-quality, but, rabbit excrement or a kind of well feed.Rabbit excrement has higher nutritive value, and rabbit excrement contains thick protein 18-22% according to surveying and determination, crude fat 3.9-4.3%, crude fibre 16-36%, carbohydrate 4.9-8%, NFE 40.7%, mineral matter 10.7%.With rabbit excrement as feed, available data report is very few, and Baidu's data display is introduced rabbit excrement feed processing technology and is: 1. processing method.1. dry: to get fresh rabbit excrement on cement flooring, tan by the sun more than 3 hours, be crushed into end.This method of many employings in summer.2. boil: in fresh rabbit excrement, add the feeds such as appropriate wheat bran, feeding after boiling 15-20 minute.General winter adopts this method.3. soak: dry rabbit excrement is loaded in the container such as cylinder or basin, add boiling water and stir, furnishing pasty state is feeding.4. chemical treatment: add formalin 200ml mixing by every kilogram of dry rabbit excrement, then dry feeding.5. ferment: rub with the hands broken by fresh rabbit excrement, admix green grass and green vegetables, add water appropriate, loading can be feeding after fermenting 24-48 hour in cylinder cellar for storing things or polybag.2. add consumption.Rabbit excrement adds 10%-15% growing and fattening pigs 15-25% in piglet diet, the addition in daily ration, will determine with the quantity adding the feed such as rice bran and wheat bran in rabbit excrement, and adding wheat bran suitably can increase the amount of feeding.Growing and fattening pigs stop to feed for 20 days before delivering for sale.
Chinese patent (CN1912076A) also discloses a kind of technology for raising pigs by rabbit manure fermentation, the technical scheme of this invention is: the present invention is the fresh rabbit excrement removing earth that will collect, impurity, rub with the hands broken, admix the medicine impelling rabbit manure fermentation in right amount, as Citroen zx manure fermentation agent etc., green grass, chopping cleaned by green vegetables, add a small amount of water, stir into equably and rub broken rabbit excrement with the hands, excrement material moisture being reached hold can the agglomerating but degree of not dripping, just loading cement kiln or the interior plastic sheeting of cylinder are obturaged, preferably spread yellow mud to compress, summer generally needs 1-2 days, time in winter is slightly longer, when feed gives out wine flavour, can draw out and mix mixed concentrate and feed pigs.Containing crude protein 19.4% in this fermented rabbit dung, crude fat 4%, NFE 16.8%, also containing nutritional labelings such as a large amount of vitamin, mineral matters.
Be just now still workshop-based Application way to rabbit excrement as the application of feed in technology; scale processing and utilization can not be formed; be unfavorable for the popularization of rabbit excrement as feed; the output of the every Lepus excrement of large-scale Hua Yang rabbit enterprise cannot be utilized in scale; simultaneously; existing process technology only just utilizes the basic nutrient of rabbit excrement, cannot promote the nutritive effect of rabbit excrement more high quality.
Edible fungus bran is the residue culture base-material of the various edible fungi of cultivation after plucking, and be commonly called as edible fungus bran, what the main matrix of bacterium chaff was conventional is utilize wood chip, cotton seed hulls, corncob, rice husk, wheat bran, peanut shell, waste cotton, alditol slag, bagasse, megasse, vinasse and multiple kinds of crops powder of straw are primary raw material, these chaff class materials be all the crude fibre that provides plant self to have and a small amount of be main component required in feed, but, in loose porous shape after hypha of edible fungus transforms, by conversion and the thermal energy consumption of fruit body of edible fungi, then also have an appointment about 60% nutriment be not utilized and stay in bacterium chaff, in every 100 kilograms of bacterium chaff siccatives, the edible mushroom mycelium of 40%-55% is still had to stay in waste material, the nutriment of these residual edible mushroom myceliums and a large amount of unconverted utilization, can find out in the existing disclosed reported in literature of tool, edible fungus bran has been rich in protein, several amino acids, B family vitamin, mineral element and trace element, for edible fungus bran provides foundation as animal feed application.But the method that existing public information take edible fungus bran as raw material prepares animal and fowl fodder all adopts traditional addO-on therapy, the technological means of solid fermentation, using bacterium chaff as a part of raw material, separately add as some trophism matrix such as corn, wheat bran, the dish dregs of rice form solid-state feed, because the production cycle is long, processing cost is high, value-added content of product is low, and economic benefit is remarkable not.In addition, with bacterium chaff for direct material processing feed, because in edible fungus bran, the content of material such as crude fibre and lignin is higher, the palatability of feed product is poor, and utilization rate is low, can not demonstrate good effect.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome deficiency that rabbit excrement exists as feed applications and promote rabbit excrement processing technology technological means, promote nutritional labeling and effect of rabbit excrement further, improve processing and the effect of rabbit excrement feed.The edible fungus bran Aqueous extracts inspissated juice simultaneously providing a kind of nutrition abundanter mixes with rabbit excrement and ferments through microbial bacteria, to widen feed nutrition material source, simultaneously livestock and poultry edible after can promote digestion and strengthen disease resistance ability.The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of rabbit excrement biological fermentation feed.
The present invention specifically have employed following technical scheme:
A preparation method for rabbit excrement biological fermentation feed, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
The dry process under 150-200 DEG C of condition of fresh rabbit excrement makes moisture at below 10W/W% by step (1), obtains rabbit excrement powder through pulverizing 100 mesh sieves;
Edible fungus bran is added the water of 40-50 DEG C by step (2), and the weight ratio of edible fungus bran and water is 1:(5-15), soak after 40-120 minute, heating is boiled and is extracted 1.5-5 hour, then carries out pressure extracting juice; Same method boils carries 2 times, merges squeezing juice; Bacterium slag is separately done organic fertilizer processing and is used;
The merging squeezing juice centrifugation that step (2) obtains by step (3), centrifugal rotational speed 8000-12000r/min, obtains supernatant and solid phase precipitation thing; Solid phase precipitation thing is separately done organic fertilizer processing and is used;
The supernatant that step (3) obtains filters by step (4), obtains the clear juice of edible fungus bran Aqueous extracts;
The clear juice of edible fungus bran Aqueous extracts that step (4) obtains by step (5) 55 DEG C-85 DEG C, to be concentrated into proportion under-0.05MPa ~-0.1MPa condition be 1.10(30 DEG C of survey), obtain edible fungus bran Aqueous extracts inspissated juice;
The inspissated juice that rabbit excrement powder obtained for step (1) and step (5) obtain by step (6) is by weight being 1:(5-15) composite slip;
Material obtained for step (6) slurry is inserted in fermentation tank by step (7), and via interlayer passes into and is steam heated to 80-90 DEG C of insulation placement and carries out Maillard reaction 36-50 hour;
When the slip of step (7) after placing and carrying out Maillard reaction is cooled to below 40 DEG C by step (8), add the composite microbial bacteria of slip weight ratio 4-8%, temperature be 26-40 DEG C, stir speed (S.S.) is 50-180r/min, throughput carries out cultivation and fermentation 72-150 hour under being the condition of 1:0.3-1.5V/V/min;
Slip good for step (8) cultivation and fermentation at 33-36 DEG C, reduced pressure concentration under-0.065MPa ~-0.085MPa condition, is concentrated into slip and becomes paste by step (9), then adopts low-temperature vacuum drying to moisture at 6-8W/W%, obtains siccative;
After the siccative cooling that step (9) vacuum drying obtains by step (10), through pulverizing, cross 80 mesh sieves, then adopt dry granulation machine to be directly compressed into particle, the grain diameter be pressed into is 60-70 order, through screening, packaging, obtains product.
According to the present invention, here is further optimization to technique scheme and/or selection:
Drying described in above-mentioned steps (1) adopts heated-air drying or far-infrared ray drying.
Edible fungus bran described in above-mentioned steps (2) is edible mushroom agaricus bisporus, straw mushroom, flat mushroom, mushroom, asparagus, coprinus comatus, Pleurotus nebrodensis, pleurotus eryngii, phoenix-tail mushroom, Pleurotus citrinopileatus, Agrocybe chaxingu, true Ji mushroom, meadow dried mushroom, Agaricus bitorqui, Stropharia rugoso-annulata, wizened mushroom, parasol mushroom, Albatrellus dispansus (Lloyd) Canf. & Gilb, black mushroom, Hericium erinaceus, white fungus, black fungus, coprinus comatus, HUAZIGU, Lepista sordida, grifola frondosus, Lactrarius hatsudake, Huang Jugu, Huang Liugu, pixie stool, collybia albuminosa, T.lobayense Heim, YUHUANGGU, dried mushroom, ferfas, halimasch, cepe, Fistulina hepatica (Schaeff.) Fr, the newborn bacterium of pine, matsutake, dicyclo mushroom, elegant precious mushroom, hickory chick, any one or several edible fungus brans in Russula vinosa.
Edible fungus bran described in step step (2) and the weight ratio of water are preferably 1:(5-10).
The preferred 40-60 minute of step step (2) material soak time, material soaks a period of time can increase soluble component stripping.
Packaging type squeezer is selected in squeezing described in above-mentioned steps (2);
Squeezing juice centrifugation described in above-mentioned steps (3) preferably uses horizontal spiral centrifuge; Filtration described in described step (4) uses diatomite filtration.
In above-mentioned steps (5), preferred concentrated condition is 60 DEG C-70 DEG C ,-0.075MPa ~-0.095MPa; Concentrated described in step (5) selects vacuum rotary evaporator or tubular type evaporation concentrator.
In above-mentioned steps (6), preferred rabbit excrement powder and inspissated juice weight proportion are 1:(5-8).
Composite microbial bacteria described in above-mentioned steps (8) is lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus) and saccharomycete (Saccharomyces) by weight by lactic acid bacteria: saccharomycete=1:2 proportions forms.
Lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus) described above and saccharomycete (Saccharomyces) can use all viable bacteria concentration every gram being used as food additives or feed addictive commercially available to be no less than the dry powder goods of 20,000,000,000.
Lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus) described above and saccharomycete (Saccharomyces) also can adopt existing method to prepare, the dry powder of such as lactic acid bacteria or saccharomycetic dry powder can be cultivated respectively by liquid fermentation equipment, then with high speed centrifugation, the thalline in zymotic fluid is separated, be placed in dry indoor cold air drying or the drying of bacterium mud obtained by vacuum freeze drying mode, the viable bacteria concentration of the thalline dry powder obtained respectively is every gram 20,000,000,000.
Lactic acid bacteria described above can adopt streptococcus thermophilus and lactobacillus bulgaricus.
Lactic acid bacteria described above can adopt streptococcus lactis and Bifidobacterium.
Lactic acid bacteria described above also can adopt Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Pediococcus acidilactici.
Lactic acid bacteria described above can also adopt lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum.
Saccharomycete described above can adopt in candida utili, brewer's yeast, brewer's yeast and fodder yeast any one.Preferably fodder yeast.
The preferred condition of cultivation and fermentation described in above-mentioned steps (8) is temperature 29-34 DEG C, stir speed (S.S.) 60-120r/min, throughput 0.6-1.3V/V/min cultivation and fermentation 72-100 hour.
The condition of the low-temperature vacuum drying described in above-mentioned steps (9) is temperature 33 DEG C-35 DEG C, vacuum-0.075MPa ~-0.09MPa.
Equipment described in the present invention is this area conventional equipment.
Do not state the operation of its technical process in processing step in the present invention in detail, be the routine operation in the general knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Except as otherwise noted, percentage of the present invention is all weight percentage.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, the present invention carrying by boiling edible fungus bran, concentrating obtained concentrate, coarse fiber content containing 15%-18% in bacterium chaff is removed, promotes the content of the nutriments such as mycoprotein, polysaccharide, organic acid, amino acid, vitamin and the other biological active material in bacterium chaff.Bacterium chaff is boiled and carries inspissated juice and make slip in the ratio of 1:5-15, Maillard reaction 36-50 hour is carried out through 80-90 DEG C, its effect is can improving product nutriment, make protein and then be converted into amino acid, amino acid and then be degraded to micromolecular small peptide or little peptide, be beneficial to animal raise food after digest and assimilate, strengthen result of use, further improve product quality simultaneously, increase fragrance, add lactic acid bacteria further and saccharomycete carries out cultivation and fermentation, the beneficial flora making product have content very to enrich, more be of value to raising appetite of livestock and poultry, promote Nutrient Absorption and growth of animals or poultry, by after Maillard reaction and then carry out microbial bacteria cultivation and fermentation, rabbit excrement biological fermentation feed nutritional labeling is significantly promoted, its crude protein content is at 48%-56%, rabbit excrement crude protein content 18%-22% before treatment is processed than not carrying out, improve 1.67-2.55 doubly, more than 40% of alternative ox concentrated feed, or hog grower feed more than 30% in substituting, thus preparation ox, sheep, during the mixed feeds such as pig, only need to add less, greatly can reduce aquaculture cost, simultaneously in the biochemical reaction of fermentation, create multiple digestive enzymes, as protease, amylase etc., significantly improve palatability and attractant.
The present invention can process bacterium chaff in a large number and prepare biological fermentation feed with addition of rabbit excrement; the efficiency utilization of edible fungus bran can be solved; solve again and promote the using value of rabbit excrement as feed; maximally utilise waste resource; while the concentrated feed that high-quality low-cost is provided for aquaculture, also expand industrial chain, increased that edible bacterium is grown, the comprehensive utilization benefit of meat rabbit Stock raising waste; add economic benefit, protect ecological environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Following examples are further described enforcement of the present invention, but not be limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Step (1) is dry under 150 DEG C of conditions by fresh rabbit excrement belt-type hot air drier, makes moisture below 10%, after cooling, pulverizes with Universalpulverizer, and it is for subsequent use that mistake 100 mesh sieves obtain rabbit excrement powder;
Step (2) takes edible mushroom pleurotus eryngii bacterium chaff 100 kilograms, add 40-50 DEG C of hot water 1000 kilograms, soak after 60 minutes, heating boils extraction 5 hours, then squeeze with packaging type squeezer, obtain pressed liquor, bacterium chaff slag is added 40-50 DEG C of hot water 500 kilograms again, soaks 40 minutes, heating boils extraction 1.5 hours, then squeeze with packaging type squeezer, obtain pressed liquor, twice pressed liquor is merged; Bacterium chaff slag is separately used as him;
The merging pressed liquor horizontal centrifuge centrifugation that step (2) obtains by step (3), centrifugal rotational speed 12000r/min, obtains supernatant and solid phase precipitation thing; Solid phase precipitation thing is separately used as him;
The supernatant that step (3) obtains is added 7.5 kilograms, diatomite by step (4), filters, obtain the clear juice of edible fungus bran Aqueous extracts with diatomite filter;
The clear juice vacuum rotary evaporator of edible fungus bran Aqueous extracts that step (4) obtains by step (5) 60 DEG C, to be concentrated into concentrate proportion under-0.095MPa condition be 1.10(30 DEG C of survey), obtain edible fungus bran Aqueous extracts inspissated juice;
Step (6) takes inspissated juice 500 kilograms that 100 kilograms obtained, rabbit excrement powder of step (1) and step (5) obtain and is mixed and made into material and starches;
Material obtained for step (6) slurry is inserted in fermentation tank by step (7), and via interlayer passes into and is steam heated to 90 DEG C of insulation placements and carries out Maillard reaction 36 hours;
Step (7) slip after Maillard reaction is cooled to less than 40 DEG C by step (8), add streptococcus thermophilus 8 kilograms, lactobacillus bulgaricus 8 kilograms and fodder yeast 32 kilograms, cultivation and fermentation 72 hours under the condition of temperature 34 DEG C, stir speed (S.S.) 120r/min, throughput 1.3V/V/min;
Step (9) by slip good for step (8) cultivation and fermentation 33 DEG C, be evaporated to slip under-0.065MPa condition and become paste, then under temperature 33 DEG C, vacuum-0.075MPa condition, vacuum drying to moisture is 7.8%, obtains siccative;
After the siccative cooling that step (9) vacuum drying obtains by step (10), pulverize, cross 80 mesh sieves, then adopt dry granulation machine to be directly compressed into particle, the grain diameter be pressed into is 60-70 order, through screening packaging, obtains product.
Embodiment 2
Step (1) is dry under 200 DEG C of conditions by fresh rabbit excrement hot air drier, makes moisture below 10%, after cooling, pulverizes with Universalpulverizer, and it is for subsequent use that mistake 100 mesh sieves obtain rabbit excrement powder;
Step (2) takes edible mushroom golden mushroom chaff 100 kilograms, add 40-50 DEG C of hot water 500 kilograms, soak after 50 minutes, heating boils extraction 4 hours, then squeeze with packaging type squeezer, obtain pressed liquor, bacterium chaff slag is added 40-50 DEG C of hot water 500 kilograms again, soaks 40 minutes, heating boils extraction 3 hours, then squeeze with packaging type squeezer, obtain pressed liquor, twice pressed liquor is merged; Bacterium chaff slag is separately used as him;
The merging pressed liquor horizontal centrifuge centrifugation that step (2) obtains by step (3), centrifugal rotational speed 8000r/min, obtains supernatant and solid phase precipitation thing; Solid phase precipitation thing is separately used as him;
The supernatant that step (3) obtains is added 5 kilograms, diatomite by step (4), filters, obtain the clear juice of edible fungus bran Aqueous extracts with diatomite filter;
The clear juice vacuum rotary evaporator of edible fungus bran Aqueous extracts that step (4) obtains by step (5) 60 DEG C, to be concentrated into concentrate proportion under-0.095MPa condition be 1.10(30 DEG C of survey), obtain edible fungus bran Aqueous extracts inspissated juice;
Step (6) takes inspissated juice 800 kilograms that 100 kilograms obtained, rabbit excrement powder of step (1) and step (5) obtain and is mixed and made into material and starches;
Material obtained for step (6) slurry is inserted in fermentation tank by step (7), and via interlayer passes into and is steam heated to 80 DEG C of insulation placements and carries out Maillard reaction 50 hours;
Step (7) slip after Maillard reaction is cooled to less than 40 DEG C by step (8), add streptococcus lactis 6.625 kilograms, Bifidobacterium 6.625 kilograms and fodder yeast 26.5 kilograms, cultivation and fermentation 100 hours under the condition of temperature 29 DEG C, stir speed (S.S.) 60r/min, throughput 0.6V/V/min;
Step (9) by slip good for step (8) cultivation and fermentation 36 DEG C, be evaporated to slip under-0.085MPa condition and become paste, then under temperature 35 DEG C, vacuum-0.09MPa condition, vacuum drying to moisture is 6.2%, obtains siccative;
After the siccative cooling that step (9) vacuum drying obtains by step (10), pulverize, cross 80 mesh sieves, then adopt dry granulation machine to be directly compressed into particle, the grain diameter be pressed into is 60-70 order, through screening packaging, obtains product.
Every gram when being no less than the bacterial classification dry powder goods of 20,000,000,000 containing viable bacteria concentration required for the present invention can not be met in market, existing method also can be adopted to prepare.
Embodiment 3
Use corresponding Optimal Medium, adopt Liquid Culture Zymolysis Equipment individually to cultivate streptococcus thermophilus, lactobacillus bulgaricus, streptococcus lactis, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Pediococcus acidilactici, lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, candida utili, brewer's yeast, brewer's yeast and fodder yeast, then separate the thalline in zymotic fluid with supercentrifuge, by vacuum freeze drying mode by dry for centrifugation bacterium mud out, obtains the streptococcus thermophilus dried powder that viable bacteria content is 20,000,000,000/gram respectively, viable bacteria content is the lactobacillus bulgaricus dry powder of 20,000,000,000/gram, viable bacteria content is the streptococcus lactis dry powder of 20,000,000,000/gram, viable bacteria content is the bifidobacteria dry powder of 20,000,000,000/gram, viable bacteria content is the Lactobacillus delbrueckii dry powder of 20,000,000,000/gram, viable bacteria content is the Pediococcus acidilactici dry powder of 20,000,000,000/gram, viable bacteria content is the lactobacillus acidophilus dry powder of 20,000,000,000/gram, viable bacteria content is 20,000,000,000/gram plant lactobacillus powder, viable bacteria content is the candida utili dry powder of 20,000,000,000/gram, viable bacteria content is 20,000,000,000/gram brewer's yeast dry powder, viable bacteria content to be the brewer's yeast dry powder of 20,000,000,000/gram and viable bacteria content the be feed yeast powder of 20,000,000,000/gram.
Embodiment 4
Step (1) is dry under 180 DEG C of conditions by fresh rabbit excrement belt-type hot air drier, makes moisture below 10%, after cooling, pulverizes with Universalpulverizer, and it is for subsequent use that mistake 100 mesh sieves obtain rabbit excrement powder;
Step (2) takes edible mushroom flat mushroom and mushroom Mixed Microbes chaff 100 kilograms, add 40-50 DEG C of hot water 800 kilograms, soak after 60 minutes, heating boils extraction 3 hours, then squeeze with packaging type squeezer, obtain pressed liquor, bacterium chaff slag is added 40-50 DEG C of hot water 400 kilograms again, soaks 40 minutes, heating boils extraction 3 hours, then squeeze with packaging type squeezer, obtain pressed liquor, twice pressed liquor is merged; Bacterium chaff slag is separately used as him;
The merging pressed liquor horizontal centrifuge centrifugation that step (2) obtains by step (3), centrifugal rotational speed 10000r/min, obtains supernatant and solid phase precipitation thing; Solid phase precipitation thing is separately used as him;
The supernatant that step (3) obtains is added 6 kilograms, diatomite by step (4), filters, obtain the clear juice of edible fungus bran Aqueous extracts with diatomite filter;
The clear juice vacuum rotary evaporator of edible fungus bran Aqueous extracts that step (4) obtains by step (5) 60 DEG C, to be concentrated into concentrate proportion under-0.095MPa condition be 1.10(30 DEG C of survey), obtain edible fungus bran Aqueous extracts inspissated juice;
Step (6) takes inspissated juice 600 kilograms that 100 kilograms obtained, rabbit excrement powder of step (1) and step (5) obtain and is mixed and made into material and starches;
Material obtained for step (6) slurry is inserted in fermentation tank by step (7), and via interlayer passes into and is steam heated to 85 DEG C of insulation placements and carries out Maillard reaction 43 hours;
Step (7) slip after Maillard reaction is cooled to less than 40 DEG C by step (8), add Lactobacillus delbrueckii 7 kilograms that embodiment 3 obtains, Pediococcus acidilactici 7 kilograms that embodiment 3 obtains and the brewer's yeast 28 kilograms that embodiment 3 obtains, cultivation and fermentation 86 hours under the condition of temperature 32 DEG C, stir speed (S.S.) 80r/min, throughput 0.8V/V/min;
Step (9) by slip good for step (8) cultivation and fermentation 34 DEG C, be evaporated to slip under 0.075MPa condition and become paste, then under temperature 34 DEG C, vacuum-0.08MPa condition, vacuum drying is 6.9% to moisture, obtains siccative;
After the siccative cooling that step (9) vacuum drying obtains by step (10), pulverize, cross 80 mesh sieves, then adopt dry granulation machine to be directly compressed into particle, the grain diameter be pressed into is 60-70 order, through screening packaging, obtains product.
Embodiment 5
Step (1) is dry under 190 DEG C of conditions by fresh rabbit excrement belt-type hot air drier, makes moisture below 10%, after cooling, pulverizes with Universalpulverizer, and it is for subsequent use that mistake 100 mesh sieves obtain rabbit excrement powder;
Step (2) takes edible mushroom phoenix-tail mushroom and white fungus Mixed Microbes chaff 100 kilograms, add 40-50 DEG C of hot water 600 kilograms, soak after 45 minutes, heating boils extraction 4.5 hours, then squeeze with packaging type squeezer, obtain pressed liquor, bacterium chaff slag is added 40-50 DEG C of hot water 600 kilograms again, soaks 40 minutes, heating boils extraction 2.5 hours, then squeeze with packaging type squeezer, obtain pressed liquor, twice pressed liquor is merged; Bacterium chaff slag is separately used as him;
The merging pressed liquor horizontal centrifuge centrifugation that step (2) obtains by step (3), centrifugal rotational speed 9000r/min, obtains supernatant and solid phase precipitation thing; Solid phase precipitation thing is separately used as him;
The supernatant that step (3) obtains is added 6 kilograms, diatomite by step (4), filters, obtain the clear juice of edible fungus bran Aqueous extracts with diatomite filter;
The clear juice vacuum rotary evaporator of edible fungus bran Aqueous extracts that step (4) obtains by step (5) 60 DEG C, to be concentrated into concentrate proportion under-0.095MPa condition be 1.10(30 DEG C of survey), obtain edible fungus bran Aqueous extracts inspissated juice;
Step (6) takes inspissated juice 700 kilograms that 100 kilograms obtained, rabbit excrement powder of step (1) and step (5) obtain and is mixed and made into material and starches;
Material obtained for step (6) slurry is inserted in fermentation tank by step (7), and via interlayer passes into and is steam heated to 83 DEG C of insulation placements and carries out Maillard reaction 48 hours;
Step (7) slip after Maillard reaction is cooled to less than 40 DEG C by step (8), add lactobacillus acidophilus 10 kilograms that embodiment 3 obtains, Lactobacillus plantarum 10 kilograms that embodiment 3 obtains and the fodder yeast 40 kilograms that embodiment 3 obtains, cultivation and fermentation 90 hours under the condition of temperature 30 DEG C, stir speed (S.S.) 70r/min, throughput 0.7V/V/min;
Step (9) by slip good for step (8) cultivation and fermentation 33 DEG C, be evaporated to slip under-0.065MPa condition and become paste, then under temperature 33 DEG C, vacuum-0.075MPa condition, vacuum drying to moisture is 8.0%, obtains siccative;
After the siccative cooling that step (9) vacuum drying obtains by step (10), pulverize, cross 80 mesh sieves, then adopt dry granulation machine to be directly compressed into particle, the grain diameter be pressed into is 60-70 order, through screening packaging, obtains product.
Claims (19)
1. a preparation method for rabbit excrement biological fermentation feed, is characterized in that, comprises following processing step:
The dry process under 150-200 DEG C of condition of fresh rabbit excrement makes moisture at below 10W/W% by step (1), obtains rabbit excrement powder through pulverizing 100 mesh sieves;
Edible fungus bran is added the water of 40-50 DEG C by step (2), and the weight ratio of edible fungus bran and water is 1:(5-15), soak after 40-120 minute, heating is boiled and is extracted 1.5-5 hour, then carries out pressure extracting juice; Same method boils carries 2 times, merges squeezing juice;
The merging squeezing juice centrifugation that step (2) obtains by step (3), centrifugal rotational speed 8000-12000r/min, obtains supernatant;
The supernatant that step (3) obtains filters by step (4), obtains the clear juice of edible fungus bran Aqueous extracts;
The clear juice of edible fungus bran Aqueous extracts that step (4) obtains by step (5) 55 DEG C-85 DEG C, to be concentrated into proportion under-0.05MPa ~-0.1MPa condition be 1.10/30 DEG C of survey, obtains edible fungus bran Aqueous extracts inspissated juice;
The inspissated juice that rabbit excrement powder obtained for step (1) and step (5) obtain by step (6) is by weight being 1:(5-15) composite slip;
Material obtained for step (6) slurry is inserted in fermentation tank by step (7), and via interlayer passes into and is steam heated to 80-90 DEG C of insulation placement and carries out Maillard reaction 36-50 hour;
When the slip of step (7) after placing and carrying out Maillard reaction is cooled to below 40 DEG C by step (8), add the composite microbial bacteria of slip weight ratio 4-8%, temperature be 26-40 DEG C, stir speed (S.S.) is 50-180r/min, throughput carries out cultivation and fermentation 72-150 hour under being the condition of 1:0.3-1.5V/V/min;
Slip good for step (8) cultivation and fermentation at 33-36 DEG C, reduced pressure concentration under-0.065MPa ~-0.085MPa condition, is concentrated into slip and becomes paste by step (9), then adopts low-temperature vacuum drying to moisture at 6-8W/W%, obtains siccative;
After the siccative cooling that step (9) vacuum drying obtains by step (10), through pulverizing, cross 80 mesh sieves, then adopt dry granulation machine to be directly compressed into particle, the grain diameter be pressed into is 60-70 order, through screening, packaging, obtains product.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the drying described in described step (1) adopts heated-air drying or far-infrared ray drying.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, edible fungus bran described in described step (2) is edible mushroom agaricus bisporus, straw mushroom, flat mushroom, mushroom, asparagus, coprinus comatus, Pleurotus nebrodensis, pleurotus eryngii, phoenix-tail mushroom, Pleurotus citrinopileatus, Agrocybe chaxingu, true Ji mushroom, meadow dried mushroom, Agaricus bitorqui, Stropharia rugoso-annulata, wizened mushroom, parasol mushroom, Albatrellus dispansus (Lloyd) Canf. & Gilb, black mushroom, Hericium erinaceus, white fungus, black fungus, coprinus comatus, HUAZIGU, Lepista sordida, grifola frondosus, Lactrarius hatsudake, Huang Jugu, Huang Liugu, pixie stool, collybia albuminosa, T.lobayense Heim, YUHUANGGU, dried mushroom, ferfas, halimasch, cepe, Fistulina hepatica (Schaeff.) Fr, the newborn bacterium of pine, matsutake, dicyclo mushroom, elegant precious mushroom, hickory chick, any one or two kinds of and above Mixed Microbes chaff in Russula vinosa.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the edible fungus bran described in described step (2) and the weight ratio of water are preferably 1:(5-10); Preferred soak time is 40-60 minute.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, packaging type squeezer is selected in the squeezing described in described step (2); Squeezing juice centrifugation described in described step (3) preferably uses horizontal spiral centrifuge.
6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the filtration described in described step (4) uses diatomite filtration.
7. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step step (5), preferred concentrated condition is 60 DEG C-70 DEG C ,-0.075MPa ~-0.095MPa; Preferred use vacuum rotary evaporator or tubular type evaporation concentrator.
8. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (6), preferred rabbit excrement powder and inspissated juice weight proportion are 1:(5-8).
9. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the composite microbial bacteria described in described step (8) is lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus) and saccharomycete (Saccharomyces) by weight by lactic acid bacteria: saccharomycete=1:2 proportions forms.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, described lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycete adopt every gram of viable bacteria concentration to be the dry powder goods of 20,000,000,000.
11. methods as described in any one of claim 9-10, is characterized in that, described lactic acid bacteria adopts streptococcus thermophilus and lactobacillus bulgaricus.
12. methods as described in any one of claim 9-10, is characterized in that, described lactic acid bacteria adopts streptococcus lactis and Bifidobacterium.
13. methods as described in any one of claim 9-10, is characterized in that, described lactic acid bacteria adopts Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Pediococcus acidilactici.
14. methods as described in any one of claim 9-10, is characterized in that, described lactic acid bacteria adopts lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum.
15. methods as described in any one of claim 9-10, is characterized in that, described saccharomycete adopt in candida utili, brewer's yeast, brewer's yeast and fodder yeast any one.
16. methods as claimed in claim 15, is characterized in that, described saccharomycete adopts fodder yeast.
17. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the preferred condition of cultivation and fermentation described in described step (8) is temperature 29-34 DEG C, stir speed (S.S.) 60-120r/min, throughput 0.6-1.3V/V/min cultivation and fermentation 72-100 hour.
18. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the condition of the low-temperature vacuum drying described in described step (9) is temperature 33 DEG C-35 DEG C, vacuum-0.075MPa ~-0.09MPa.
The rabbit excrement biological fermentation feed product that 19. 1 kinds of methods as described in any one of claim 1-18 obtain.
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