CN104449773A - Method and device for upgrading low-rank pulverized coal - Google Patents
Method and device for upgrading low-rank pulverized coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN104449773A CN104449773A CN201410557304.8A CN201410557304A CN104449773A CN 104449773 A CN104449773 A CN 104449773A CN 201410557304 A CN201410557304 A CN 201410557304A CN 104449773 A CN104449773 A CN 104449773A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
- C10B49/04—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for upgrading low-rank pulverized coal, and the method and the device can be used for upgrading low-rank pulverized coal with high efficiency and low consumption. The method comprises: crushing the low-rank pulverized coal, charging into a drying section of an annular furnace, and jetting hot flue gas into the furnace to dry the pulverized coal; and dehydrating the pulverized coal in the drying section, and performing pyrolysis on the pulverized coal in a destructive distillation section of the annular furnace to separate out gas and tar and generate semi-coke. The device comprises a raw coal bin, a charger, a distributor, the annular furnace, a discharger, a conveying belt, a semi-coke bin, a gas producer, a hot blast stove, a gas tank, a dust removal and separation system, a tar collection system, an immobile part of the annular furnace, a rotating hearth, a turning and blowing system, a fixed beam, an adjusting mechanism, a plow-shaped turning plate and a hot flue gas and hot gas sprout. The method and the device can be used for directly upgrading low-rank coal, the semi-coke conversion rate is 60-70% of the low-rank pulverized coal, and the tar conversion rate is 5-8% of the low-rank pulverized coal. Large-scale quick upgrading production of the low-rank coal with low energy consumption is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to method and the method for upgrading of device, particularly a kind of low order coal dust thereof and device thereof that distillation utilizes.
Background technology
Low order coal dust is most typical is brown coal, and brown coal are comparatively young coals, has water content high (20-50%), fugitive constituent is high, calorific value is low and the feature such as easy spontaneous combustion.Therefore, the exploitation of brown coal and utilization are very limited.The high-moisture of brown coal causes its efficiency of combustion low, and its greenhouse gas emissions increase on year-on-year basis, thus reduces and use brown coal as the energy or the electric power of raw material or the economic benefit of chemical project.Achievement in research shows, to brown coal upgrading, is improve its economy important channel.At present, the upgrading of low order fine coal adopts low-temperature pyrolysis technique, is divided into gaseous heat-carrier and solid thermal carriers two kinds of modes.Large in the majority mainly with solid thermal carriers type of heating, due to process system process gas, solid and liquid heating be separated and steady in a long-term to run etc. in also have problems, so also in experimental stage.The shortcoming of solid thermal carriers technology is Installed System Memory at the dust of trace and tar, easy block system, and influential system long-term stability is run; Installed System Memory has abrasion and corrosion at liquid flash calciner and heating to system device.Open (bulletin) number: CN 102453489 A, the patent document that name is called " low-rank coal vibrating bed solid heat carrier pyrolysis multi-production process " belongs to this kind of technology.About gaseous heat-carrier method, its drying and destructive distillation complete respectively in drying tower and dry distillation tower two equipment, not only increase cost of equipment, and dust is difficult to process.Open (bulletin) number: CN 101812310 A, the patent document that name is called " taking dry distillation gas as the efficient brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis process for upgrading of heat-carrying matter " belongs to this kind of technology.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method for upgrading and device thereof of low order fine coal, upgrading can be carried out to low order fine coal efficient low-consume.
The method for upgrading of a kind of low order fine coal provided by the invention comprises following content:
Low order fine coal is broken, be broken into the coal dust of granularity < 50mm, coal dust is sent in raw coal feed bin by belt, loading rotating speed at the bottom of the rotary furnace of ring furnace in the dryer section of ring furnace by spiral material filling machine or locking-type hopper through board-like distributor or oscillating chute is 800-1000mm/min, material rotating plate in dryer section carries out stirring repeatedly to fine coal, simultaneously, the heat smoke spout at the material rotating plate back side sprays into the heat smoke of 100 DEG C ~ 300 DEG C in stove, and spraying into heat smoke amount is 5000 ~ 20000Nm
3/ h, carries out drying to coal dust, and the moisture of evaporation and flue gas are discharged by the outlet port on the dryer section furnace roof of ring furnace, and moisture and the cigarette vapour quantity discharged of evaporation are 5000 ~ 20000Nm
3/ h, takes away with induced draft fan, enters raw coal feed bin and Belt Passage, and to the pulverized coal preheating entering ring furnace, then flue gas is emptying, and steam cooling enters settling tank;
Coal dust is after ring furnace dryer section deviates from moisture content, enter the retort section pyrolysis of ring furnace, the material rotating plate being located at retort section continues to stir repeatedly dried coal dust, simultaneously, the heating gas spout at the material rotating plate back side sprays into 550 DEG C ~ 750 DEG C by the heating gas heated to coal dust, and spraying into hot coal tolerance is 5000 ~ 20000Nm
3/ h, pyrolysis coal dust, after pulverized coal pyrolysis process completes, separates out coal gas and tar, and the semicoke of generation is discharged by spiral discharging machine or stock stop, delivers to semicoke feed bin, be transported to product storehouse after cooling with conveyor by belt conveyor; Thermal desorption goes out coal gas and tar is discharged from ring furnace retort section furnace roof, and through dedusting and separation system, tar, water, dirt are separated with coal gas, then enter tar gathering system and carry out purifying treatment, tar enters product tank; Gas tank is entered from tar gathering system coal gas out, a coal gas part in gas tank enters hotblast stove fuel system, for hotblast stove provides fuel, from the combustion exhaust that hotblast stove is discharged, become heat smoke, enter the heat smoke spout at the material rotating plate back side of ring furnace dryer section, heating fine coal wherein; A part of dry distillation gas is as by the thermal cyclic carrier heated in addition, enter in hotblast stove, be heated to 550 DEG C ~ 750 DEG C, then deliver to the heating gas spout at the material rotating plate back side of rotating ring furnace retort section, the coal dust in ring furnace retort section is rotated in heating, and residual gas is sold as product; Low order fine coal, in ring furnace, after super-dry and pyrolysis, obtains semicoke, coal gas and tar products.
The device that a kind of low order fine coal method for upgrading adopts, this device comprises: raw coal feed bin (1), loading machine (2), distributor (3), ring furnace (4), discharging machine (5), belt conveyor (6), semicoke feed bin (7), producer gas generator (8), hotblast stove (9), gas tank (10), dedusting and separation system (11), tar gathering system (12), ring furnace static part (13), (14) at the bottom of rotary furnace, stirring and injection system (15), fixed beam (16), adjustment mechanism (17), plow-shape material rotating plate (18) and heat smoke, heating gas spout (19), described raw coal feed bin (1) connects loading machine (2) through funnel, loading machine (2) is arranged on above ring furnace static part (13), distributor (3) is arranged between ring furnace static part (13) and loading machine (2), at the bottom of rotary furnace, (14) are placed in the bottom of ring furnace static part (13), stirring and injection system (15) are arranged in the burner hearth of ring furnace (4), and be fixed on fixed beam (16), fixed beam (16) is in the top of ring furnace static part (13), adjustment mechanism (17) is following at fixed beam (16), plow-shape material rotating plate (18) is (14) top at the bottom of rotary furnace, by the gap at the bottom of adjustment mechanism (17) adjustment plow-shape material rotating plate (18) and rotary furnace between (14), heat smoke, heating gas spout (19) is arranged on plow-shape material rotating plate (18) back side, discharging machine (5) is fixed on the side of ring furnace static part (13), and belt conveyor (6) connects semicoke feed bin (7), producer gas generator (8) connects hotblast stove (9), the furnace roof of ring furnace static part (13) connects dedusting and separation system (11) by pipeline, tar gathering system (12) connects dedusting and separation system (11) by tar pipeline, and gas tank (10) connects tar gathering system (12) by gas line.
Described stirring and injection system (15) are horizontally arranged at interval along burner hearth, and quantity is 3 ~ 5 groups, and the coal dust by upgrading is stirred in its effect.
The present invention is compared with existing congenic method and device thereof, and its significant beneficial effect is embodied in:
1. the present invention is wide in range to entering the requirement of ring furnace pulverized coal particle size, adapts to very much the brown coal of processability extreme difference.Spray into furnace gas flow velocity controlled, to enter the most buckwheat coal fluidization tripping speed of stove for reference mark, prevent from producing airborne dust in technological process.And be conducive to the normal operation of equipment and the rear portion process of retorted product.With the obvious advantage in Environmental Safety.
2. large (stirring system staggered arrangement, heat interchanging area is equivalent to 20-30m to the ring furnace heat interchanging area that adopts of the present invention
2/ t fine coal), ejection air-flow destroys the boundary layer on heat-transfer surface, furnace roof induced draft fan can at any time according to each position dividing potential drop adjustment draft in stove, destroy the gas vapor dividing potential drop formed, body of heater rotating speed, spray into heat and the amount of scavenging, flexible operation, makes equipment heat exchange efficiency and production capacity remain on higher level.
3. ring furnace sealing is succinct reliable, and the opening for feed at ring furnace static part top is sealed by raw coal feed bin and screw feeder, and discharge port is sealed by spiral discharging machine, and mode is simple, easily realizes.
4. equipment dynamic consumes little, and because driving arrangement rotates at Level Promoting equipment, power consumption consumes much smaller relative to rotary type drying plant and air flow bed etc.
5. processing power is large, and by furnace width 4m, bed thickness 250mm considers, diameter 12m ring furnace just can reach the processing power of 30-50t/h.
Adopt the present invention can the very large low-rank coal of directly upgrading particle size range, semicoke transformation efficiency be the 60-70% of low order fine coal, and tar conversion is the 5-8% of low order fine coal.Realize low-rank coal mass-producing fast, the upgrading of less energy-consumption produces.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of process flow sheet of method for upgrading of low order fine coal.
Fig. 2 is the unit layout figure that a kind of method for upgrading of low order fine coal adopts.
Fig. 3 is charging and cloth system schematic diagram in a kind of device of method for upgrading employing of low order fine coal.
Fig. 4 is that in a kind of device of method for upgrading employing of low order fine coal, thermal cyclic carrier feeds system schematic.
Fig. 5 is that in a kind of device of method for upgrading employing of low order fine coal, waste gas and retorted product discharge system schematic.
Fig. 6 is stirring and injection system schematic diagram in a kind of device of method for upgrading employing of low order fine coal.
Fig. 7 is discharge system schematic diagram in a kind of device of method for upgrading employing of low order fine coal.
Number in figure:
1, raw coal feed bin; 2, loading machine; 3, distributor; 4, ring furnace; 5, discharging machine; 6, belt conveyor; 7, semicoke feed bin; 8, producer gas generator; 9, hotblast stove; 10, gas tank; 11, dedusting and separation system; 12, tar gathering system; 13, ring furnace static part; 14, at the bottom of rotary furnace; 15, stirring and injection system; 16, fixed beam; 17, adjustment mechanism; 18, plow-shape material rotating plate; 19, heat smoke, heating gas spout.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of method for upgrading of low order fine coal and device thereof, as Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, shown in 6 and 7, low order fine coal is broken, be broken into the coal dust of granularity < 50mm, coal dust is sent in raw coal feed bin 1 by belt, load in the dryer section of ring furnace 4 by spiral material filling machine or locking-type hopper 2 through board-like distributor or oscillating chute 3, 14 rotating speeds at the bottom of the rotary furnace of ring furnace 4 are 800-1000mm/min, pyriform material rotating plate in dryer section 18 pairs of fine coal carry out stirring repeatedly, simultaneously, the heat smoke spout 19 at the material rotating plate back side sprays into the heat smoke of 100 DEG C ~ 300 DEG C in stove, spraying into heat smoke amount is 5000 ~ 20000Nm
3/ h, carries out drying to coal dust, and the moisture of evaporation and flue gas are discharged by the outlet port on the dryer section furnace roof of ring furnace 4, and transpiring moisture and cigarette vapour quantity discharged are 5000 ~ 20000Nm
3/ h, takes away with induced draft fan, enters raw coal feed bin 1 and Belt Passage, and to the pulverized coal preheating entering ring furnace, then flue gas is emptying, and steam cooling enters settling tank,
Coal dust is after ring furnace 4 dryer section deviates from moisture content, enter the retort section pyrolysis of ring furnace 4, the pyriform material rotating plate 18 being located at retort section continues to stir repeatedly dried coal dust, simultaneously, the heating gas spout 19 at pyriform material rotating plate 18 back side sprays into 550 DEG C ~ 750 DEG C by the heating gas heated to coal dust, and the hot coal tolerance sprayed into is 5000 ~ 20000Nm
3/ h, carries out pyrolysis to coal dust, and after pulverized coal pyrolysis process completes, separate out coal gas and tar, the semicoke of generation is discharged by discharging machine 5, delivers to semicoke feed bin 7 by belt conveyor 6, is transported to product storehouse after cooling with conveyor; The coal gas that pyrolysis is separated out and tar are discharged from ring furnace retort section furnace roof, and through dedusting and separation system 11, tar, water, dirt are separated with coal gas, then enter tar gathering system 12 and carry out purifying treatment, tar enters product tank; Gas tank 10 is entered from tar gathering system coal gas out, a coal gas part in gas tank 10 enters the fuel system of hotblast stove 9, for hotblast stove 9 provides fuel, from the combustion exhaust that hotblast stove 9 is discharged, become heat smoke, enter the heat smoke spout 19 at the pyriform material rotating plate back side of ring furnace 4 dryer section, the fine coal of heat drying section; A part of coal gas is as thermal cyclic carrier in addition, enters in hotblast stove, is heated to 550 DEG C ~ 750 DEG C, then delivers to the heating gas spout 19 at the material rotating plate back side of ring furnace retort section, and the coal dust in heating ring furnace retort section, residual gas is sold as product.Low order fine coal is in ring furnace 4, and after super-dry and pyrolysis, obtain semicoke, coal gas and tar products, semicoke transformation efficiency is the 60-70% of low order fine coal, and tar conversion is the 5-8% of low order fine coal.
It should be noted that the method for upgrading of a kind of low order fine coal provided by the invention and device thereof are equally applicable to the upgrading of shale.
Claims (3)
1. a method for upgrading for low order fine coal, is characterized in that the method comprises following content:
Low order fine coal is broken, be broken into the coal dust of granularity < 50mm, coal dust is sent in raw coal feed bin by belt, loading rotating speed at the bottom of the rotary furnace of ring furnace in the dryer section of ring furnace by spiral material filling machine or locking-type hopper through board-like distributor or oscillating chute is 800-1000mm/min, pyriform material rotating plate in dryer section carries out stirring repeatedly to fine coal, simultaneously, the heat smoke spout at the pyriform material rotating plate back side sprays into the heat smoke of 100 DEG C ~ 300 DEG C in stove, and spraying into heat smoke amount is 5000 ~ 20000Nm
3/ h, carries out drying to coal dust, and the moisture of evaporation and flue gas are discharged by the outlet port on the dryer section furnace roof of ring furnace, and moisture and the cigarette vapour quantity discharged of evaporation are 5000 ~ 20000Nm
3/ h, takes away with induced draft fan, enters raw coal feed bin and Belt Passage, and to the pulverized coal preheating entering ring furnace, then flue gas is emptying, and steam cooling enters settling tank;
Coal dust is after ring furnace dryer section deviates from moisture content, enter the retort section pyrolysis of ring furnace, the pyriform material rotating plate being located at retort section continues to stir repeatedly dried coal dust, simultaneously, the heating gas spout at the pyriform material rotating plate back side sprays into 550 DEG C ~ 750 DEG C by the heating gas heated to coal dust, and spraying into hot coal tolerance is 5000 ~ 20000Nm
3/ h, pyrolysis coal dust, after pulverized coal pyrolysis process completes, separates out coal gas and tar, and the semicoke of generation is discharged by spiral discharging machine or stock stop, delivers to semicoke feed bin, be transported to product storehouse after cooling with conveyor by belt conveyor; Thermal desorption goes out coal gas and tar is discharged from ring furnace retort section furnace roof, and through dedusting and separation system, tar, water, dirt are separated with coal gas, then enter tar gathering system and carry out purifying treatment, tar enters product tank; Gas tank is entered from tar gathering system coal gas out, a coal gas part in gas tank enters hotblast stove fuel system, for hotblast stove provides fuel, from the combustion exhaust that hotblast stove is discharged, become heat smoke, enter the heat smoke spout at the material rotating plate back side of ring furnace dryer section, heating fine coal wherein; A part of dry distillation gas is as by the thermal cyclic carrier heated in addition, enter in hotblast stove, be heated to 550 DEG C ~ 750 DEG C, then deliver to the heating gas spout at the material rotating plate back side of rotating ring furnace retort section, the coal dust in ring furnace retort section is rotated in heating, and residual gas is sold as product; Low order fine coal, in ring furnace, after super-dry and pyrolysis, obtains semicoke, coal gas and tar products.
2. the device that described in claim 1, a kind of low order fine coal method for upgrading adopts, it is characterized in that this device comprises: raw coal feed bin (1), loading machine (2), distributor (3), ring furnace (4), discharging machine (5), belt conveyor (6), semicoke feed bin (7), producer gas generator (8), hotblast stove (9), gas tank (10), dedusting and separation system (11), tar gathering system (12), ring furnace static part (13), (14) at the bottom of rotary furnace, stirring and injection system (15), fixed beam (16), adjustment mechanism (17), plow-shape material rotating plate (18) and heat smoke, heating gas spout (19), described raw coal feed bin (1) connects loading machine (2) through funnel, loading machine (2) is arranged on above ring furnace static part (13), distributor (3) is arranged between ring furnace static part (13) and loading machine (2), at the bottom of rotary furnace, (14) are placed in the bottom of ring furnace static part (13), stirring and injection system (15) are arranged in the burner hearth of ring furnace (4), and be fixed on fixed beam (16), fixed beam (16) is in the top of ring furnace static part (13), adjustment mechanism (17) is following at fixed beam (16), plow-shape material rotating plate (18) is (14) top at the bottom of rotary furnace, by the gap at the bottom of adjustment mechanism (17) adjustment plow-shape material rotating plate (18) and rotary furnace between (14), heat smoke, heating gas spout (19) is arranged on plow-shape material rotating plate (18) back side, discharging machine (5) is fixed on the side of ring furnace static part (13), and belt conveyor (6) connects semicoke feed bin (7), producer gas generator (8) connects hotblast stove (9), the furnace roof of ring furnace static part (13) connects dedusting and separation system (11) by pipeline, tar gathering system (12) connects dedusting and separation system (11) by tar pipeline, and gas tank (10) connects tar gathering system (12) by gas line.
3. the device of a kind of low order fine coal method for upgrading employing according to claim 2, it is characterized in that said stirring and injection system (15) are horizontally arranged at interval along burner hearth, quantity is 3 ~ 5 groups.
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| CN201410557304.8A CN104449773B (en) | 2014-10-20 | 2014-10-20 | Method and device for upgrading low-rank pulverized coal |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109233887A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-18 | 湖南远扬煤机制造有限公司 | A kind of tar separation unit and tar separation system |
| CN110564437A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-13 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | system and method for improving quality of coal in front of pulverized coal furnace |
| CN112852459A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-05-28 | 陕西煤业化工集团神木天元化工有限公司 | Pulverized coal pyrolysis device and pyrolysis method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107892932A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-10 | 辽宁成大股份有限公司 | A kind of technology with circulating gas destructive distillation low-order coal |
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| CN104449773B (en) | 2017-04-19 |
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