CN101289621B - Process for preparing carbocoal, coke tar and coal gas by treating bovey coal by suspending pyrogenation device - Google Patents
Process for preparing carbocoal, coke tar and coal gas by treating bovey coal by suspending pyrogenation device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a gas heat carrier brown coal suspension pyrolysis device, and adopts the following process: brown coal is fed in a hammer type drier for crushing and drying with the drying temperature lower than 400 DEG C, and then is fed in a suspension pyrolysis oven at 110 to 130 DEG C to generate semicoke and tar gas mixed gas; when separated by a first pyrolysis cyclone separator, the tar gas mixed gas is fed in oil gas cooling gas and is discharged after cooling; semicoke is fed in a detention tank; after pyrolysis reaction and quenching coke through a three-stage quenching coke system, the semicoke is fed in a semicoke cooler and then is fed in a storage yard after cooling; quenching coke gas is fed in an oxygen source heater to cool down oxygen source gas, and then is fed in an oil gas cooler as cooling medium to cool down tar gas mixed gas. Compared with the prior process, the gas heat carrier brown coal suspension pyrolysis device reduces land occupation, investment and labor force, and has uniform thermal transmission, fast speed and high output capacity of tar and coal gas; moreover, the pyrolysis device improves the flammable characteristics of semicoke product and is convenient for safe storage and transportation; in addition, the pyrolysis device has the advantages of lower heat consumption, higher output capacity of semicoke, tar and coal gas and cooling water conservation, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of semicoke, tar and coal gas for preparing through pyrolysis with brown coal, can be applicable to the industries such as coal, Coal Chemical Industry, the energy and power.
Background technology
Although coal resources in China is abundanter, the high-quality coal resource only accounts for half left and right, all the other coal resources such as be brown coal.The young coal such as brown coal, because moisture is high, ash content is high, volatile matter is high, calorific value is low, often is taken as the inferior fuel steam coal; Add easy oxidation and spontaneous combustion, should not transport for long-distance, also just become the coal resource that is difficult to the strange land processing and utilization.
Brown coal are high-volatile coals, its molecular structure can be regarded the combination of hard coal and oil gas molecule as, take the working method of pyrolysis that the oil gas component separating in brown coal out (is similar to the resinous shale processing and utilization), can alleviate OIL SUPPLY AND DEMAND IN CHINA contradiction.From the angle of comprehensive utilization, brown coal should should not directly not act as a fuel and steam coal as the low-quality resource yet, should first to brown coal, process separation, obtain semicoke, tar and coal gas, further processing and utilization.
China's brown coal main component is in Table one:
Table one China brown coal major ingredient
| Sequence number | Title | Content % |
| 1 | Average moisture content | 20～40 |
| 2 | Average tar rate | 8～15 |
| 3 | Average ash | 15～30 |
| 4 | Average fugitive constituent | 31～45 |
Brown coal contain a large amount of moisture, usually by following three kinds of forms, exist:
(1) outer water: be surface water, content 10～30%.
(2) interior water: be water contained in pore, content 5～20%.
(3) crystal water: generally exist with compound forms such as hydrous calcium sulfate, kaolin, other clay minerals.
Outer water is easy to remove, and interior water still has residual under 500 ℃, and crystal water will the ability major part remove in the time of 500 ℃.More than after dry, its calorific value is brought up to 20MJ by per kilogram 15MJ; Weight saving is more than 25%.
Brown coal, add the thermogenesis thermolysis under anoxia condition, volatilize coal gas, tar gas, and remaining solid carbon content raises, and calorific value increases, and is called semicoke.Can obtain 500～600 ℃ of pyrolysis the semicoke that volatile content is suitable, calorific value is higher.
Lignite semi-coke belongs to upgraded coal, is a kind of clean fuel, for industries such as calcium carbide, iron alloy, ironmaking (steel), synthetic ammonia, gac, carbon products.Tar is used for producing petroleum naphtha, oil fuel, or produces synthesising fibre, medicine, tackiness agent etc. as industrial chemicals.Coal gas is used for power, generates electricity, produces methyl alcohol or Sweet natural gas.
Existing brown coal pyrolytic process:
1, two sections heating process for upgrading of Hitachi, Ltd's exploitation, the drying machine adopted is a kind of rotary kiln formula device, the hot flue gas that it is produced by roasting kiln and the discharge gas indirect heating of destructive distillation device, raw coal is supplied with continuously destructive distillation device after drying machine (100～150 ℃ of temperature), it is the vertical gravity moving-bed, 300～400 ℃ of temperature, the hot flue gas indirect heating produced by another roasting kiln.The hot flue gas of roasting kiln is to burn kerosene to produce, but industrialization factory will replace with combustion unit.After destructive distillation, coal, through cooling 50 ℃ of left and right, becomes hydrophobicity, then in the tar applying device, carries out the tar processing, and upgraded coal has reduced the possibility of spontaneous combustion.
2, the fluidized-bed process of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd company exploitation, it is the process for upgrading with fluidized-bed heating ground coal rank coal, be characterized in that at 80～150 ℃ of temperature to the feed coal drying, then rapid heating and cooling fast at 30～70 ℃ of temperature at 250～400 ℃ of temperature, obtain upgraded coal.
3, Beijing coalification institute multistage rotary kiln technique, feed coal is sent into the rotary kiln drying oven through feed appliance, most of containing wet moisture with the hot flue gases direct heat exchange the evaporation that are adjusted to below 300 ℃ at this; Moisture-free coal enters in the revolution pyrolysis oven and burns by rotary pocket feeder, and heat is passed to the coal charge in stove by furnace wall, and pyrolysis temperature can be controlled in 550～750 ℃; After pyrolysis, semicoke enters semicoke by rotary pocket feeder and cools back converter, and in stove, water extinguishes; Cooled semicoke transports the storage storehouse to.
The pyrolyzing coal of being discharged by the revolution pyrolysis oven rises, the mixed gas of tar steam, water vapor is removed the dust that major part is carried in fly-ash separator under higher temperatures, tentatively cooling in pre-cooler, then enter the tubulation condensate cooler further cooling, and through repeatedly after separating tar and water of condensation, entering gas blower; Coal gas returnable heat solution system after the pressurization gas that acts as a fuel, also can be provided as civilian drink thing coal gas or industrial combustion gas outward.
The hot flue gases that roasting kiln is discharged as the drying medium of coal, because effluent gas temperature is higher, can or be sneaked into the whole temperature of low temperature flue controlled atmosphere by exchanging air (with freezing air) heat exchange in pipeline importing drying oven; The waste gas that drying oven is discharged discharges after tornado dust collector, induced draft fan, and the part waste gas after induced draft fan imports the drying oven inlet pipe to adjust effluent gas temperature as circulation gas.
4, Australian Union's science and industrial research institute (CSIRO) fluidized bed pyrolysis device
Per hour process the rapid pyrolysis apparatus of 20kg coal.
This device is comprised of stoker, sand fluidized-bed reactor, 3 major portions of Product Collection System.
Stoker (diameter 0.51m, high 1.63m) can hold 20kg fluidised form dry coal, nitrogen gas stream through metering makes fluidization of coal, the nitrogen of regulating discharge can change stoker pressure, and the coal grain alternately enters reactor and guarantees that the coal supply process stabilization carries out in automatic unlatching or the pipeline of closing cleaning by two.
Reactor can be divided into 3 sections, and hypomere is the sand fluidized-bed, internal diameter 0.15m, high 1.22m; Upper two sections is the air-flow section, and each section is all 0.91m.In reactor, heating unit allows service temperature up to 1000 ℃.Gas stops 0.4～1.0s in the fluidisation section, two sections air-flow sections, stops altogether 0.2～0.4s.
The coal grain is by spraying into fluidized-bed layer with water-cooled management, and bed is comprised of the sand grains of 0.3～1.0mm size.
In fluidized-bed, gas is passed into by two portions, and a part forms in combustion chamber for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and air, colder nitrogen is passed into to regulate in case of necessity the temperature of burning gas; Another part, for be preheating to the nitrogen of certain temperature by electric heater, enters the combustion prod air-blowing of acetylene one air burner in case of necessity, makes it further heating.Total gas flow rate is 0.0041～0.012m
3/ s (standard temperature and pressure (STP)), hot gas enters fluidized-bed by the grid distributor of reactor bottom.
The gas that leaves reactor, by being maintained at about the efficient cyclone separator of 350 ℃, is separated a large amount of semicokes but there is no tar condensing, and gas enters the approximately electrical tar precipitator of 80 ℃ through supercooler thereafter, and the tar of separating reclaims to be collected.
Semicoke composition, tar yield and hydrocarbon gas productive rate and 1g/h bench testing that the 20kg/h pyrolyzer obtains are in full accord.
In pyrolysis reactor, due to the fast pyrogenation under instantaneous heating condition and brief stay time (being less than 0.5s), than slow pyrolysis, improve significantly tar yield.
5, U.S.'s section's pyrolytic process of coal of thinking much
The dry coal crushed is used the hot flue gases preheating from porcelain ball well heater in riser tube; Pre-hot coal is in the porcelain ball contact of pyrolysis converter neutralization heat, and the concurrent solution estranged of being heated, produce semicoke and hydrocarbon vapour; Semicoke separates and discharges with the porcelain ball in roto-sifter; The porcelain ball with enter lifter after semicoke separates and be raised, heat.Heater fuel is the self-produced coal gas of this technique or oil fuel, after hot porcelain ball heating, recycles.
Use the plant design schema 7-13 of Wyoming brown coal.Due to original moisture very high in coal, before entering pyrolysis oven, to carry out drying.Moisture eliminator is air flow bed, and feed coal is preheated to 290 ℃ in dry.Moisture eliminator heats with coal.Design single series pyrolysis installation maximum processing capability is 1.3 ten thousand t/d.
6, this low-temperature pyrolysis method is covered in Lu Qi-Rule
It is the typical method of solid thermal carriers internal heat type that this low-temperature pyrolysis method (L-R method) is covered in Lu Qi-Rule.Raw material is brown coal, noncaking coal, weak caking coal and resinous shale.The 1950's, the pilot plant that is the 10t/h coal in a set of processing power of this Teng Jianyou of Germany Dorr, the thermal barrier of use is solid particulate (little porcelain ball, sand or semicoke).Because process product gas does not contain waste gas, so the equipment size of after-treatment system is less, and caloric power of gas is higher, can reach 20.5～40.6MJ/m3.
The technical process of L-R method is at first by the fritter feed coal of preliminary preheating, with the hot semicoke from separator, in mixing tank, mixes, and the thermolysis effect occurs.Then fall in snubber, stop certain hour, complete thermolysis.From snubber, semicoke out enters the riser tube bottom, by warm air, is submitted, and burning-off carbon residue wherein in riser tube, elevate the temperature simultaneously, then enters in separator and carry out gas solid separation.Semicoke returns to mixing tank again, so circulation.The volatile matter of overflowing from mixing tank, through dedusting, condensation and cooling, recovery oils, obtain the coal gas that calorific value is higher.
The LFC technique of Encoal company, be that the raw coal through pulverizing is admitted to rotary dryer, by hot gas, heated, and leaves the solid of moisture eliminator and directly sent into the rotary kiln pyrogenation device.The thermal cycling air-flow is increased to certain temperature by the temperature of coal, and all remaining free waters all are removed, and chemical reaction has occurred, and volatile gases discharges.After leaving pyrolyzer, solid quilt in the quenching dish is cooling to stop gasification reaction rapidly.Solid in the quenching dish then enters the passivation link, and in vibrated fluidized bed VFB, solid is by the part fluidisation, and is exposed in the air-flow that temperature, oxygen level strictly controlled, and at the reactive site of solid particulate, " oxidation passivation " reaction occurs.This reaction can weaken the spontaneous combustion trend of product.The heat energy that reaction produces is fluidized air-flow and absorbs.
From pyrolyzer, gasification air-flow out is sent to tornado dust collector and removes the solid particulate that carries out, then cooling in quenching tower, condenses into final tar products, and stops other side reactions.Only have tar condensing out, avoided condensed water.Electric precipitator reclaims all drops or the water smoke that leaves the unit that condenses.From quenching tower residual gas out nearly half directly pyrolyzer, circulate, with before recycle gas mixes, the part residual gas burns in the pyrolyzer combustion chamber provides heat for gasification.Another part residual gas burns in the moisture eliminator combustion chamber, and sulphur is converted into to sulfur oxide.
From the moisture eliminator combustion chamber hot gas out and from moisture eliminator recycle gas out mix, for drying provides essential heat energy and air-flow.
From moisture eliminator, gas out is introduced into tornado dust collector and removes coal dust, after coal dust slurrying, is conveyed to precipitation.Tornado dust collector residual gas is out processed with wet scrubber again.Wet scrubber has two-stage, is respectively wet scrubber and horizontal venturi scrubber.
Although adopt above-mentioned processing unit, to brown coal, upgrading has produced good result, and the water consumption that generally consumes energy is more, and wherein also some device occupied ground is large, equipment is heavy, investment cost is high, or is confined to scale and can not maximizes.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the shortcoming of existing brown coal pyrolytic technique, a kind of method that brown coal obtain coal gas, tar, semicoke that heats under suspended state is provided.The method has the advantages such as the semicoke quality is high, the tar gas yield is high, energy consumption is low, save investment, scale is large.
The technical scheme adopted is:
Process with suspending pyrogenation device the method that brown coal prepare semicoke, tar and coal gas, comprise following equipment and process process:
One, major equipment is gas heat loading bovey coal suspending thermal decomposition apparatus.This suspending pyrogenation device, comprise suspending pyrogenation stove, hammer drying machine, the first pyrolysis cyclonic separator, the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator, stay groove, semicoke water cooler, oil gas water cooler and three grades of quenching cyclonic separators.
Two, the processing step that adopts above-mentioned suspending pyrogenation device to prepare semicoke, tar and coal gas comprises:
1, block brown coal raw coal is sent in the hammer drying machine, be fragmented into particle and coal dust under the effect of hammer drying machine weight and under the thermal source airflow function by the input of hammer drying machine drying heat generator combustion chamber, at this drying machine with the standpipe inner drying of installing thereafter, drying temperature is lower than 400 ℃, the most suitable at 110-130 ℃ of discharge material;
2, through the material of hammer drying machine drying, comprise material coal and a coal dust, after entering the first pyrolysis cyclonic separator separation, waste gas enters flare system, material is sent into vertically arranged suspending pyrogenation stove, oxygen-containing gas (oxygen, air, oxygen-rich air) and furnace fuel by input are heated to 500-600 ℃, pyrolysis deep dehydration effect and pyrolytic reaction occur, and volatilize tar gas and coal gas.Material, tar gas and coal gas upwards are moved into the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator in the suspending pyrogenation stove, through separating, solid materials (semicoke) enters stay groove, and tar gas and coal gas leave the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator and enters the oil gas water cooler send into tar and coal gas isolation of purified system recoveries tar and coal gas after cooling.
3, the semicoke in stay groove is cooling through three grades of quenching cyclonic separators and the quenching of one-level fluidized bed water cooler, control oxygen component concentration in quenching gas and to the water yield of semicoke surface sprinkling in state bed water cooler by the modified passivation of semicoke, change its inflammable characteristic.The finished product semicoke of discharging from fluidized-bed is delivered to the semicoke stockyard by rubber conveyer and is stored.The gas that the quenching process obtains waste heat enters air heat exchanger heating flame in the oxygen source well heater with after oxygen-containing gas, cooling itself, be re-used as gas heat exchanger that heat-eliminating medium enters the oil gas water cooler in order to cooling tar gas and coal gas mixed gas, obtain after heat sending into the sledge mill drying machine by heat release to raw coal.
The present invention compares advantage with traditional technology and is:
(1) raw material is in small, broken bits combines with drying, has removed the crushing system of independent construction from, saves and takes up an area and investment.
(2) the suspending pyrogenation stove is the brand-new type of furnace of brown coal pyrolysis art and technique.It is followed dilute phase and flows and HEAT TRANSFER LAW, and heat transfer is even, speed is fast, and tar and coal gas output capacity are high.It and stay groove combination can adapt to the variation of coal particle between micron order and grade.
(3) gas thermophore suspending pyrogenation stove conducts heat rapid, even, for coal particle, be fast pyrogenation (>1000 ℃/s), for coal dust, be flash pyrolysis (>10000 ℃/s), can improve the output capacity of tar and coal gas, higher than the 120%-150% of Ge-Jin destructive distillation experiment output capacity.
(4) adopt three grades of suspension heat transfer quenchings to add one-level fluidized-bed quench system, recyclable semicoke heat, reduce hear rate, improves semicoke, tar, gas yield; Improve the inflammable characteristic of semicoke product simultaneously, be convenient to the safe storage transportation.
(5) adopt oxygen source well heater and oil gas water cooler airair heat exchanger, recyclable tar gas and coal gas heat, reduce hear rate, improves semicoke, tar, gas yield; Can save cooling water simultaneously.
(6) device is convenient to maximize.Year processes 5,000,000 tons of brown coal and only needs 1 suspending pyrogenation stove.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is gas heat loading bovey coal suspending thermal decomposition apparatus structural representation of the present invention.
The explanation of part drawing reference numeral:
31, combustion chamber fuel inlet; 32, feed(raw material)inlet; 33, suspending pyrogenation stove fuel inlet; 34, quenching gas entrance; 35, oxygen source entrance; 36, coal gas and tar gas outlet; 37, waste gas delivery port; 38, finished product semicoke delivery port.
Embodiment
Embodiment mono-
Gas heat loading bovey coal suspending thermal decomposition apparatus, comprise hammer drying machine 1, drying heat generator combustion chamber 2, the first pyrolysis cyclonic separator 4, suspending pyrogenation stove 5, the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator 6, stay groove 7, the first quenching cyclonic separator 10, the second quenching cyclonic separator 9, the 3rd quenching cyclonic separator 11, semicoke water cooler 12, oxygen source well heater 13 and oil gas water cooler 14.
Hammer drying machine 1 discharge port is connected with the first pyrolysis cyclonic separator 4 through standpipe 3, and the smoke outlet of drying heat generator combustion chamber 2 15 is connected with the smoke inlet of hammer drying machine 1 by the road, and pipeline 15 is connected with the pneumatic outlet of oil gas water cooler 14 by arm 16.Suspending pyrogenation stove 5 is right cylinder, is divided into upper and lower two Room, and there is reducing centre, and the raw material brown coal add in the cylindrical chamber of reducing top, and fuel adds reducing lower cylindrical chamber to cone and pipeline 15 scopes.The first pyrolysis cyclonic separator 4 is connected with the feeding mouth of suspending pyrogenation stove 5 by pipeline 39, suspending pyrogenation stove 5 upper end discharge ports are connected with the opening for feed of the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator 6, the lower end discharge port of the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator 6 30 is connected with the feeding mouth of stay groove 7 by the road, and the upper end pneumatic outlet of the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator 6 18 is connected with oil gas water cooler 14 by the road.The pneumatic outlet of stay groove 7 is connected with suspending pyrogenation stove 5 through closed tube 19.The lower end discharge port of stay groove 7 is connected with the first quenching cyclonic separator 10 opening for feeds with pipeline 21 through tremie pipe 8, and another feeding mouth of stay groove 7 20 exports and is connected with the solid materials of oil gas water cooler 14 by the road.The first quenching cyclonic separator 10 lower end discharge ports 23 are connected with the feeding mouth of the second quenching cyclonic separator 9 with pipeline 27 by the road, and the lower end discharge port of the second quenching cyclonic separator 11 29 is connected with the feeding mouth of the 3rd quenching cyclonic separator 11 with quenching gas inlet pipe 22 by the road.The 3rd quenching cyclonic separator 11 discharge gates 24 are connected with the feeding mouth of semicoke water cooler 12 by the road.The quenching gas inlet of the gas heat exchanger that oxygen source well heater 13 is built-in 25 is connected with the quenching pneumatic outlet of the first quenching cyclonic separator 10 by the road, and the quenching pneumatic outlet of oxygen source well heater 13 inlet mouth of 26 gas heat exchangers built-in with oil gas water cooler 14 by the road is connected.The outlet of the oxygen-containing gas of oxygen source well heater 13 17 is connected with suspending pyrogenation stove 5 by the road.The steam outlet of semicoke water cooler 12 28 is connected with drying heat generator combustion chamber 2 by the road.
Processed with gas heat loading bovey coal suspending thermal decomposition apparatus the method that brown coal prepare semicoke, tar and coal gas and comprised following processing step:
The brown coal raw material is sent in hammer drying machine 1, be broken into particle and the coal dust below 8 millimeters under the thermal shocking effect of the mechanical effect of hammer drying machine 1 and the flue gas flow that provided by drying heat generator combustion chamber 2, and sloughed most of free water by hot flue gas heating, drying temperature is lower than 250 ℃, the coal particle be dried and coal dust are in standpipe 3 enters the first pyrolysis cyclonic separator 4, waste gas after separation enters known flare system, solid particulate coal and coal dust enter suspending pyrogenation stove 5 under 110-130 ℃, suspending pyrogenation stove 5 (can be coal or the coal gas produced in system by oxygen-containing gas and the furnace fuel of input, can be also outer for fuel) be heated to 500-600 ℃ (the selective basis user of concrete Heating temperature focus oil and gas quantum of output require and determine) under the incomplete combustion state.Deep dehydration effect and pyrolytic reaction occur, and generate semicoke, tar gas and coal gas.Semicoke, tar gas and coal gas upwards are moved into the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator 6 in suspending pyrogenation stove 5 to be separated, isolated solid materials enters in stay groove 7, tar gas and coal gas enter in oil gas water cooler 14, enter known tar and gas purification separation system through being cooled to after 350 ℃, in oil gas water cooler 14, the solid materials in tar gas and coal gas 20 returns in stay groove 7 by the road.Continue reaction at the interior material of stay groove 7 and obtain semicoke, tar gas and coal gas mixed gas, gas enters suspending pyrogenation stove 5 by closed tube 19, semicoke enters three grades of quenching cyclone separation systems successively through tremie pipe 8, be semicoke by the road 9 and pipeline 29 enter the first quenching cyclonic separator 10, 23 and 27 enter the second quenching cyclonic separator 9 and separate by the road, by the road 29 and quenching gas inlet tube 22 enter the 3rd quenching cyclonic separator 11, isolated semicoke 24 enters semicoke water cooler 12 by the road, be cooled to discharge below 80 ℃, delivering to the storage coke bin by rubber conveyer stores.Quenching gas is entered by quenching gas inlet tube 22, according to the 3rd, second, the flow direction of the first quenching cyclonic separator enters the gas heat exchanger of oxygen source well heater 13, heat is passed to burning oxygen source used (oxygen source can be air, oxygen enrichment, pure oxygen), heating when oxygen source self temperature reduced, can be used as heat-eliminating medium and enter the gas heat exchanger of establishing in oil gas water cooler 14, the tar that pyrolysis unit is produced and coal gas gas mixture are cooling discharges after 350 ℃.Tar gas and coal gas enter lower two procedures-tar separation unit and coal gas desulfurization unit because these two unit by using known technology, repeat no more herein.Quenching gas by the road 16 and pipeline 15 enter in hammer drying machine 1.
The suspending pyrogenation process system both can positive pressure operation, also can negative-pressure operation, and by gas blower (positive pressure operation) or induced draft fan (negative-pressure operation) completion system ventilation task.
Semicoke is cooling at the interior employing circulating water of above-mentioned fluidizing cooler 12 and water-bath, and water is evaporated after being sprayed on the semicoke surface, and water vapor 28 is sent into drying heat generator 2 by the road.
The suspending pyrogenation process system both can positive pressure operation, also can negative-pressure operation, and by gas blower (positive pressure operation) or induced draft fan (negative-pressure operation) completion system ventilation task.
Embodiment bis-
Brown coal for following compositions and feature:
The oily extraction yield of lattice gold test is 35kg/t (moisture-free coal)
The implementation step and the result that adopt process unit of the present invention to process are:
Brown coal Yuan Liao Give enters hammer drying machine 1 and is become particulate coal and fiery powder by powder, and 400 ℃ of hot flue gas heating dryings of the heat(ing)generator combustion chamber 2 burning generations that are dried, remove most of free water (Wai Shui and Nei Shui), at 130 ℃ of discharge moisture eliminators, enter cyclonic separator 4 after the interior stop of standpipe 3 some seconds, waste gas after separation enters flare system, and the solid particulate coal that residual moisture is 8% enters in suspending pyrogenation stove 5 at the temperature of 130 ℃.The suspending pyrogenation stove passes into appropriate oxygen and coal gas mixed firing, and moisture-free coal is heated to 600 ℃, and pyrolytic reaction occurs.Particulate coal enters stay groove 7 continuation reactions and volatilizes more tar and coal gas from suspending pyrogenation stove 5 enters cyclonic separator 6 separation, and gas passes into suspending pyrogenation stove 5 by closed tube, and solid is discharged into quench system by blanking pipe.Being semicoke 23 enters the second quenching cyclonic separator 9 with pipeline 27 and separates by the road from the first quenching cyclonic separator 10, isolated semicoke by the road 29 and quenching gas inlet pipe 22 enter the 3rd quenching cyclonic separator 11, isolated semicoke 24 enters semicoke water cooler 12 by the road, and water is cooled to 80 ℃ of discharges.Quenching gas is entered by quenching gas inlet tube 22, enter the gas heat exchanger of oxygen source well heater 13 according to the flow direction of quenching cyclonic separator 11-9-10, heat is passed to burning oxygen source gas used, in the time of heating oxygen source gas, self temperature has reduced, be re-used as the gas heat exchanger that heat-eliminating medium enters the 14 interior settings of oil gas water cooler, after the tar gas that pyrolysis unit is produced and coal gas are cooled to 350 ℃, enter the moisture eliminator inlet duct.Pyrolysis gas, is separated tar and purifies by water cooling to 25 ℃ in condenser system with coal gas, then return and be used as dry and pyrolysis fuel because these two unit by using known technology, repeat no more herein.
Acquired results is:
(1) char yeild: 0.457 ton of semicoke/ton (former coal-based).
(2) the semicoke moisture content 4%, volatile content 8%, calorific value 27MJ/kg.
(3) gas yield: 860 kg/ton (semicoke base), calorific value 20MJ/kg.
(4) hear rate: 2190kj/kg (semicoke base).
(5) tar yield: 105kg/ ton (semicoke base).
Claims (5)
1. gas thermophore brown coal suspending pyrogenation device, comprise suspending pyrogenation stove hammer drying machine (1), drying heat generator combustion chamber (2), the first pyrolysis cyclonic separator (4), the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator (6), stay groove (7), the first quenching cyclonic separator (10), the second quenching cyclonic separator (9), the 3rd quenching cyclonic separator (11), semicoke water cooler (12), oxygen source well heater (13) and oil gas water cooler (14), it is characterized in that: hammer drying machine (1) discharge port is connected with the first pyrolysis cyclonic separator (4) through standpipe (3), the smoke outlet of drying heat generator combustion chamber (2) A (15) by the road is connected with the smoke inlet of hammer drying machine (1), pipeline A (15) is connected with the quenching pneumatic outlet of oil gas water cooler (14) by pipeline S (16), the first pyrolysis cyclonic separator (4) is connected with the feeding mouth of suspending pyrogenation stove (5) by pipeline B (39), suspending pyrogenation stove (5) upper end discharge port is connected with the opening for feed of the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator (6), the lower end discharge port of the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator (6) C (30) by the road is connected with the feeding mouth of stay groove (7), and the upper end pneumatic outlet of the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator (6) D (18) by the road is connected with oil gas water cooler (14), the pneumatic outlet of stay groove (7) is connected with suspending pyrogenation stove (5) through closed tube (19), another feeding mouth of stay groove (7) E (20) by the road is connected with the lower end discharge port of oil gas water cooler (14), the lower end discharge port of stay groove (7) is connected with the first quenching cyclonic separator (10) opening for feed with pipeline F (21) through tremie pipe (8), the first quenching cyclonic separator (10) lower end discharge port G (23) by the road is connected with the feeding mouth of the second quenching cyclonic separator (9) with pipeline H (27), the lower end discharge port of the second quenching cyclonic separator (9) T (29) by the road is connected with the feeding mouth of the 3rd quenching cyclonic separator (11) with quenching gas inlet pipe (22), the 3rd quenching cyclonic separator (11) I (24) by the road is connected with the feeding mouth of semicoke water cooler (12), the quenching gas inlet of the gas heat exchanger that oxygen source well heater (13) is built-in J (25) by the road is connected with the quenching pneumatic outlet of the first quenching cyclonic separator (10), the quenching pneumatic outlet of oxygen source well heater (13) K (26) the gas heat exchanger inlet mouth built-in with oil gas water cooler (14) by the road is connected, the oxygen-containing gas of oxygen source well heater (13) exports U (17) by the road and is connected with the suspending pyrogenation stove.
2. gas thermophore brown coal suspending pyrogenation device according to claim 1, is characterized in that described semicoke water cooler (12) has steam outlet, and this steam outlet R (28) by the road is connected with drying heat generator combustion chamber (2).
3. gas thermophore brown coal suspending pyrogenation device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described suspending pyrogenation furnace interior gas-solid phase mixture upwards flows, its variation between micron order and grade with the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator and stay groove combination adaptation coal particle.
4. gas thermophore brown coal suspending pyrogenation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: following dilute phase and flow and HEAT TRANSFER LAW, is fast pyrogenation>1000 ℃/s for coal particle; For coal dust, be flash pyrolysis>10000 ℃/s.
5. adopt gas thermophore brown coal suspending pyrogenation device claimed in claim 1 to process the method that brown coal prepare semicoke, tar and coal gas, it is characterized in that comprising following processing step:
1) the brown coal raw material is sent in hammer drying machine (1), be broken into particulate coal and coal dust under the thermal shocking effect of the mechanical effect of hammer drying machine (1) and the hot flue gas flow that provided by drying heat generator combustion chamber (2), and sloughed most of Wai Shui and Nei Shui by hot flue gas heating, drying temperature, lower than 400 ℃, is discharged at 110-130 ℃ of temperature;
2) coal particle be dried and coal dust are in standpipe (3) enters the first pyrolysis cyclonic separator (4), waste gas after separation enters known flare system, solid particulate coal and coal dust enter suspending pyrogenation stove (5) under 110-130 ℃, suspending pyrogenation stove (5) is by oxygen-containing gas and furnace fuel from the input of oxygen source well heater, be heated to 500-600 ℃ under the incomplete combustion state, deep dehydration effect and pyrolytic reaction occur, and generate semicoke, tar gas and coal gas; Semicoke, tar gas and coal gas mixed gas upwards are moved into the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator (6) in suspending pyrogenation stove (5) to be separated, isolated solid materials enters in stay groove (7), tar gas and coal gas mixed gas enter in oil gas water cooler (14), enter tar and coal gas separation system after cooling;
3) in stay groove (7), material continues reaction acquisition semicoke, tar gas and coal gas mixed gas, gas enters suspending pyrogenation stove (5) by closed tube (19), semicoke enters successively through tremie pipe (8) quench system be comprised of the first quenching cyclonic separator (10), the second quenching cyclonic separator (9), the 3rd quenching cyclonic separator (11) and carries out quenching, by semicoke after the modified purifying of semicoke by the road I (24) enter semicoke water cooler (12), be cooled to discharge below 80 ℃, by rubber conveyer, be transported to warehousing storage; The quenching gas that the quenching process obtains is entered by quenching gas inlet tube (22), according to the flow direction of the 3rd quenching cyclonic separator (11), the first quenching cyclonic separator (10), the second quenching cyclonic separator (9) enter air heat exchanger in oxygen source well heater (13) in order to heating flame with after oxygen-containing gas, be re-used as heat-eliminating medium and enter the gas heat exchanger in oil gas water cooler (14), cooling tar gas and the coal gas mixed gas entered in oil gas water cooler (14), quenching gas obtains and can raise by amount temperature, and S (16) enters hammer drying machine (1) by the road.
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| CN101538473B (en) * | 2009-04-01 | 2012-11-07 | 陕西煤业化工集团(上海)胜帮化工技术有限公司 | Incoherence or weak caking coal deep processing method |
| CN101787291B (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2013-04-24 | 曲靖众一精细化工股份有限公司 | High-efficiency and quick lignite pyrolysis method |
| CN101775296B (en) * | 2010-01-26 | 2012-12-19 | 清华大学 | Process and device for dry distillation of lignite on basis of coke-carried heat |
| CN102453489B (en) * | 2010-10-24 | 2013-12-18 | 中国矿业大学 | Poly-generation process for pyrolyzing solid thermal carrier via low-rank coal vibration bed |
| CN102786966B (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2014-04-16 | 大连理工大学 | Coal solid heat carrier pyrolysis method and system for guide type stripping reinforced oil gas accelerated introduction |
| CN105673195B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-12-05 | 张英华 | Coal distills Low Temperature Thermal generating equipment and control method |
| CN107227177B (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2021-04-23 | 孔令增 | Carbonization method for replacing combustion-supporting gas by high-temperature gas of semi-coke carbonization furnace and double-section gasification furnace |
| CN107118785B (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2019-08-16 | 太原理工大学 | The self-heating of low-order coal-spontaneous combustion process energy utilization method |
| CN110591761A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-20 | 浙江大学 | Coal fluidized bed partial gasification co-production device and process |
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