CN107227177B - Carbonization method for replacing combustion-supporting gas by high-temperature gas of semi-coke carbonization furnace and double-section gasification furnace - Google Patents
Carbonization method for replacing combustion-supporting gas by high-temperature gas of semi-coke carbonization furnace and double-section gasification furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN107227177B CN107227177B CN201710507657.0A CN201710507657A CN107227177B CN 107227177 B CN107227177 B CN 107227177B CN 201710507657 A CN201710507657 A CN 201710507657A CN 107227177 B CN107227177 B CN 107227177B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
- C10J3/60—Processes
- C10J3/64—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
- C10J3/66—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products by introducing them into the gasification zone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B39/00—Cooling or quenching coke
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
- C10J3/56—Apparatus; Plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
- C10J2300/1615—Stripping
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The invention mainly comprises dry distillation crushed coal, grinding and mixing pulverized coal, and takes the extruded particles of cylinders with the diameter of 15-30mm as the main part and takes small-particle coal as the auxiliary part. The coal is crushed by a sieve opening of 30mm, and small-sized coal blocks of 5-30mm are separated and used for a closed powerful slag-breaking double-section furnace to realize gasification instead of coal blocks of 3-5cm and 3-8cm, so that the raw material source of the gasified coal is enlarged. And separating the crushed coal and the slack coal with the residual diameter of less than 5mm, grinding and mixing, extruding cylinder particles, and putting into a semi-coke dry distillation furnace to produce the semi-coke with particles. The method has the advantages of high yield, less crushed powder, cleanness and low water content, and the produced semi-coke is suitable for various scattered bituminous coal boilers, bituminous coal furnaces and stoves, and radically solves the pollution caused by the discharge of the bituminous coal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a carbonization technology, in particular to a carbonization method for replacing combustion-supporting gas by high-temperature coal gas of a semi-coke carbonization furnace connected with a double-section gasification furnace
Background
The applicant has already filed the patent of 'equipment and method for preparing granule nitrogen-free hot gas dry distillation by crushed bituminous coal and straw' which is the same as other semi-coke furnaces in various forms: raw gas generated by self-destructive distillation or heat energy released by combustion of the gas at the temperature of 550 ℃ and 850 ℃ enters the furnace to carry out destructive distillation on the bituminous coal to be subjected to destructive distillation. The method has the disadvantages that the mode of inputting high-temperature gas generated by burning the consumed fuel gas into the furnace for dry distillation is insufficient, the burnt gas is damaged by mixing with gas released by dry distillation coal, the use value of coke gas of the gas released by the dry distillation coal is reduced, and the original heat value is more than or equal to 4000kcal/m3The high-quality nitrogen-free and low-carbon dioxide gas is reduced to less than or equal to 1800kcal/m3And a large amount of carbon dioxide and nitrogen are mixed, so that the separation cost is high, and the method can only be used for burning a boiler at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a carbonization method for replacing combustion-supporting gas by high-temperature coal gas of a semi-coke carbonization furnace connected with a double-section gasification furnace.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the semi-coke dry distillation furnace is connected with a double-section gasification furnace high-temperature coal gas to replace combustion-supporting gas for dry distillation, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, 550-plus 850 ℃ coal gas passing through a bushing hole 7 by a lower furnace of a double-section coal gas producer or nitrogen-free coal gas enters a burning chamber 13 of a semi-coke dry distillation furnace after passing through a high-efficiency heat-preservation dust remover 11;
550-850 ℃ coal gas or nitrogen-free coal gas entering a burning chamber 13 of the semi-coke dry distillation furnace is divided by a plurality of original burning chamber air injection holes 14 and is uniformly fed into a dry distillation chamber 15 of the dry distillation furnace;
thirdly, performing dry distillation on the residual soot rods or the small-particle coal in the hearth according to the coal gas at 850 ℃ or the nitrogen-free coal gas entering the dry distillation blue-charcoal furnace 550;
fourthly, releasing various gases of tar and sulfur from the coal after the dry distillation at the temperature of 650 plus 850 ℃;
controlling more than 90% of flow rate to be discharged through a dry distillation coal gas outlet 16 after the high-temperature gas is dry distilled, and enabling the discharged dry distillation gas to enter a gas pipeline system after dust removal or return to a tar washing device 28 through an inclined pipe 17;
sixthly, using coal gas and selecting nitrogen-free coal gas, the temperature is less than or equal to 80 ℃, and the gas flow is 600-inch for each ton of semi-coke and 900m3
As a quenching medium;
seventhly, inputting the gas or the nitrogen-free gas into a blue charcoal furnace cooling chamber 20 through the bottom of the blue charcoal furnace to cool and coke the hot carbon, and discharging the blue charcoal when the optimal temperature of the bottommost blue charcoal is reduced to 100-200 ℃;
eighthly, the heat absorption temperature of the cooled coal gas reaches 200 or 300 ℃, the cooled coal gas is pumped out through a cooling coal gas guide pipe 22 of a cooling coal gas collecting chamber 21 by a fan 23 to be pressed into the upper section of the flange furnace for drying according to a proper flow rate, and a preheating cylinder 25 is used for drying and preheating the thrown coal dust rods and small-sized coal, so that the heat contained in the hot coal gas after coke quenching is reused, and the energy consumption of dry distillation is reduced after the coal is dried and preheated;
ninthly, leading the dried and preheated coal gas into the inclined pipe 17 from the cooling coal gas outlet 26 to form a closed cycle without waste gas leakage, and simultaneously, the coke quenching, drying and preheating coal gas does not damage gas components or only can increase trace components for improving heat value, reducing carbon dioxide and generating methane;
10 the way and the structure of discharging the semi coke after quenching are the same as the way of discharging the semi coke after quenching by general nitrogen, carbon dioxide and steam;
11, the semi-coke retort is connected with a double-section gasification furnace high-temperature coal gas to replace combustion-supporting gas, and the bottom section and the bottom of the pure oxygen gasification furnace are connected with the upper section of the double-section coal gas generation furnace into a whole; after a high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate 3 and a closed driving assembly 2 which is universal for a water gas batch furnace and is arranged at the lower bottom of the high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate 3 are connected with a universal part oxygen mixer 1 and a universal part slag discharge tank 4 to synthesize, the bottom ash basin slag discharge and the ash basin water injection of a single-section gas producer and a double-section gas producer are replaced to form a water seal structure, and the gasification furnace is suitable for replacing the existing 3-8cm high-quality lump coal with 5-15mm, 10-30mm small-particle coal and 15-30mm ground coal rods as gasification raw materials.
The coke quenching method comprises the following steps:
firstly, coke quenching is preferably carried out by using coal gas and nitrogen-free coal gas at the temperature of less than or equal to 80 ℃ and the gas flow of 900m3 per ton of semi-coke;
secondly, inputting the coal gas or the nitrogen-free coal gas into a blue charcoal furnace cooling chamber 20 through the bottom of the blue charcoal furnace to cool and coke the hot carbon, and discharging the coal gas or the nitrogen-free coal gas when the optimal temperature of the blue charcoal at the bottommost is reduced to 100-200 ℃;
thirdly, the cooled coal gas heat absorption temperature reaches 200 or 300 ℃, the cooled coal gas is pumped out through a cooling coal gas collection chamber 21 and a cooling coal gas leading-out pipe 22 by a fan 23 and a cooling coal gas upper guide pipe 24 according to proper flow, and the cooled coal gas upper guide pipe is pressed into the upper section of the semi-coke furnace for drying and preheating, a preheating cylinder 25 is used for drying and preheating the input pulverized coal rods and small-particle coal, the heat content of the hot coal gas after coke quenching is reused, and the energy consumption of dry distillation is reduced after the coal is dried and preheated;
guiding the dried and preheated coal gas into the inclined pipe 17 through the cooling coal gas outlet 26 to form a closed cycle without waste gas leakage, and simultaneously, the coke quenching, drying and preheating coal gas does not damage gas components or only can increase trace components for improving heat value, and carbon dioxide reduction and methane generation are carried out;
and fifthly, the way and the structure of discharging the semi coke after quenching are the same as the way of discharging the semi coke after quenching by general nitrogen, carbon dioxide and steam.
After the gas with the temperature of 850 ℃ is dry distilled by 550 plus coke, semi-coke is gradually sunk into a cooling gas inlet 19 at the bottom of a to-be-cooled chamber 18 and is continuously input into a cooling chamber 20 with a water clamping sleeve, the cooling gas is quenched until the temperature of the hot semi-coke at the bottom of the cooling chamber 20 is lower than 100 plus coke 200 ℃, the cooling gas continuously flows upwards to absorb heat, is sucked into a cooling gas guide pipe 22 through a cooling gas collecting chamber 21, is sucked into a cooling gas guide pipe 22 by a fan 23, flows to a cooling gas upper conduit 24 and is guided into a drying and preheating cylinder 25 at the upper part of a dry distillation furnace, and is discharged into an inclined pipe 17, a coke coal gas outlet at the upper part of a double-section furnace and a conduit 27 through a tar washing device 28, an electric coke catching 29, a gas cooling, dephenolizing and desulfurizing system 30, after the cooling is carried out at the temperature of 100 plus coke, The structure is the same.
The coal gasification furnace comprises a pulverized coal rod, a small-particle coal double-section pure oxygen continuous gasification furnace, a structure which integrates the upper-section dry distillation of a double-section coal gas generation furnace, the lower section of the pure oxygen gasification furnace and the bottom of the pure oxygen gasification furnace into a whole, the same as the double-section coal gas generation furnace is the upper-section dry distillation of the furnace and the gasification of the lower-section furnace, the lower section of the pure oxygen gasification furnace is made into a lower-section hearth 5 with a water clamping sleeve 6 by a temperature-resistant steel plate, and the bottom of the pure oxygen gasification furnace is provided with; the lower bottom of the high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate 3 is provided with a general component closed driving assembly 2 which is connected with a general component oxygen mixer 1, a device synthesized by a general component slag discharging tank 4 is suitable for gasifying small-grain bituminous coal and powder bituminous coal rods instead of 3-5 and 3-8 blocks of coal, and based on the water clamping sleeve 6, the high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate 3 and the closed driving assembly 2, the gasification temperature can be controlled to be 1050-; the pure oxygen gasification gas lower-stage furnace output gas components CO + H2 are more than or equal to 82 percent, the ash residue carbon content is less than or equal to 4 percent, the gas generated by gasification is piled into lining holes 7 through upper-stage furnace refractory bricks at the top of a lower-stage furnace 5 and is used as gas transmission holes, the temperature of the output gas reaches 550-plus 850 ℃ through the lining holes 7 when the gasification temperature is increased to 1050-plus 1350 ℃, the output gas reaches a high-temperature gas transmission hole 8 of the lower-stage furnace and passes through a high-temperature gas conduit 10 and a high-efficiency heat preservation dust remover 11 and then is blown into a retort combustion chamber 13 through a high-temperature gas conduit 12, the raw gas is uniformly distributed and injected into a retort chamber 15 of the retort furnace through dozens of combustion chamber injection holes 14 in the retort combustion chamber 13, the high-temperature gas with the temperature of 550-plus 850 ℃ enters the retort chamber 15 of the retort furnace and is continuously subjected to dry distillation on the end smoke coal rods or small-grain coal and is mixed with crude hot coke coal released, the coke and the inclined pipe 17 enter a system for dust removal, various purification of electric coke catching or tar washing and gas temperature reduction and desulfurization, the coke and the inclined pipe 17 are carbonized into semi-coke which is then gradually sunk into a to-be-cooled chamber 18 by gas at the temperature of 850 ℃ with 550 plus materials, cold gas with the temperature of less than or equal to 80 ℃ is continuously input into a bottom cooling gas inlet 19 to enter a cooling chamber 20 with a water jacket for coke quenching until the temperature of the hot semi-coke at the bottom of the cooling chamber 20 is lower than 200 ℃ with 100 plus materials, the cooling gas flows upwards through a cooling gas collecting chamber 21 to be sucked into a cooling gas leading-out pipe 22, is pumped into the cooling gas by a fan 23 to continuously flow into a cooling gas upper conduit 24 to be led into a drying and preheating cylinder 25 at the upper part of a dry distillation furnace, and is discharged from a cold gas outlet 26, passes through a tar washing device 28, an electric coke catching 29, gas cooling, dephenolizing and desulfurizing system 30, and a semi, The carbon dioxide and steam coke quenching discharge modes and structures are the same.
18mm of coal rods and 50mm, 20mm of bransted 30mm, 5-10mm, 10-15mm, 15-20mm and 10-25mm after dry distillation can be put into a lower-segment furnace pure oxygen continuous gasification furnace which is synthesized by an oxygen mixer 1, a closed driving assembly 2, a high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate 3, a slag discharge tank 4, a lower-segment furnace 5 or a dry distillation furnace dry distillation hearth 15 and:
firstly, controlling the gasification temperature to 1050-;
1050-;
the honeycomb furnace slag is formed by gradually sinking and cooling after the continuous gasification and the oxidation of the small-particle coal, and the formed honeycomb furnace slag is beneficial to gasification and the slag breaking and discharging of a grate;
fourthly, when the gasification temperature reaches 1050-.
The double-section gasification furnace is synthesized by connecting a high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate 3, a closed driving assembly 2 universal for a water gas intermittent furnace at the lower bottom of the high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate 3, a universal component oxygen mixer 1 and a universal component slag discharging tank 4, and replaces a bottom ash basin slag discharging structure and an ash basin water injection structure of a single-section coal gas generating furnace and a double-section coal gas generating furnace, so that the double-section gasification furnace is suitable for 5-15mm and 10-30mm small-particle coal and 15-30mm ground coal rods to replace conventional 3-8cm high-quality lump coal as a gasification raw material.
When the pellet of the column of bituminous coal is kept to be round-cut and piled up to reach 850 ℃, the round-cut and piled up, and the single specification and the proper diameter of the diameter are added, if the diameter of the pellet of the column of the viscous coal is more than 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, 50mm and 60mm, the best is selected from the specifications and the sizes of the diameter more than twice, the excessive bonding can be avoided, that is, the contact surface of the round-cut and the round-cut points is small, the gaps are uniform and sufficient, the temperature is gradually increased, the low-pressure airflow is continuously blown, the tar and the gas are released from the carbon, and the broken and terminal bituminous coal can be carbonized to avoid the viscous bonding.
When the annual output of the pulverized bituminous coal in a semi-coke transferring mine reaches hundreds of thousands of tons, the dry distillation device adopts a rotary furnace or a spiral multi-body combined furnace, gas produced by the lower section of a double-section gasification furnace is introduced into the lower end of the rotary furnace or the spiral furnace at the temperature of 850 ℃ through 550-.
The method mainly comprises the steps of increasing gasification temperature to 1050-1300 ℃ by adopting closed strong slag breaking, adapting to low-grade and poor-grade coal, trial operating for 104 days by using liquid oxygen and steam after manufacturing a pulverized coal rod by using 4700-kcal/kg-power coal in 2013, detecting for 115 times, wherein 30-50% of slag or 3-6% of stone powder is doped into the pulverized coal rod, high-temperature sulfur-bonding slag breaking is continuously carried out, most of slag is sulfur-bonding bodies in the operation for 104 days, slag hanging does not occur in a gasification furnace hearth with a water jacket gasification furnace, slag breaking is smooth by using a high-strength grate, and the heat value of produced coal gas reaches 11.57MJ/m3Therefore, the invention is determined to be an effective way for effectively realizing clean utilization by gasification or dry distillation only by using low-quality and poor-quality bituminous coal called neutral coal or power coal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coal rod and small-particle coal double-section pure oxygen gasification furnace, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coal rod and small-particle coal dry distillation furnace, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a semi-coke dry distillation furnace combined with FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 and connected with a double-section coal gas producer high-temperature coal gas replacing combustion-supporting gas device, and FIG. 4 is sulfur-accumulating honeycomb furnace slag.
1. Oxygen mixer 2, closed driving assembly 3, high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate
4. Slag discharge tank 5, lower-section hearth 6 and water clamping sleeve
7. A lining hole 8, a lower furnace high-temperature gas transmission hole 9 and an upper furnace high-temperature gas outlet
10. High-temperature gas conduit 11, high-efficiency heat-preservation dust remover 12 and gas conduit
13. Retort furnace combustion chamber 14, combustion chamber gas injection hole 15 and retort furnace retort chamber
16. A dry distillation coal gas outlet 17, an inclined pipe 18 and a chamber to be cooled
19. Cooling gas inlet 20, cooling chamber 21, cooling gas collecting chamber
22. Cooling gas leading-out pipe 23, fan 24, cooling gas upper guide pipe
25. Drying and preheating cylinder 26 and cooling gas outlet
27. Coke gas outlet and guide pipe 28 of upper-section furnace of double-section furnace and tar washing equipment
29. Electric coke-catching 30, gas cooling, dephenolizing and desulfurizing system 31, semi-coke furnace semi-coke assembly
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The semi-coke dry distillation furnace is connected with a double-section gasification furnace high-temperature coal gas to replace combustion-supporting gas for dry distillation, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
1, adopting 550-850 ℃ coal gas of a lower furnace of a double-section coal gas producer through a bushing hole 7, or introducing nitrogen-free coal gas into a burning chamber 13 of a semi-coke dry distillation furnace after passing through a high-efficiency heat-preservation dust remover 11;
2, distributing 550-850 ℃ coal gas or nitrogen-free coal gas which enters the combustion chamber 13 of the semi-coke dry distillation furnace 1 through a plurality of original combustion chamber jet holes 14 and uniformly intaking the coal gas into a dry distillation furnace dry distillation chamber 15;
3, feeding the coal gas into a carbonization blue-charcoal furnace 550-850 ℃ or nitrogen-free coal gas according to the step 2 to perform carbonization on the end soot rod or small-particle coal in the hearth;
4 releasing various gases of tar and sulfur from the coal subjected to the dry distillation according to the step 3 at the temperature of 650-850 ℃;
5 controlling the flow rate of more than 90% according to the dry distillation of the high-temperature gas of 3 and 4, discharging the gas through a dry distillation gas outlet 16, and feeding the discharged dry distillation gas into a dedusting device or a tar washing device 28 through an inclined pipe 17 to return to a gas pipeline system;
6 using coal gas, preferably nitrogen-free coal gas, the temperature is less than or equal to 80 ℃, and the gas flow is 600-900m for each ton of semi coke3As a quenching medium;
7, 6 gas or nitrogen-free gas is input into a blue charcoal furnace cooling chamber 20 through the bottom of the blue charcoal furnace to cool and coke the hot carbon, so that the blue charcoal at the bottommost part can be discharged when the optimal temperature is reduced to 100-;
8, after the coal gas is cooled by the heater 7, the heat absorption temperature of the coal gas reaches about 200 or 300 ℃, the cooled coal gas delivery pipe 22 passes through a cooled coal gas collection chamber 21, a cooled coal gas upper delivery pipe 24 is pumped out according to a proper flow rate by a fan 23, and is pressed into the upper section of the semi-coke furnace for drying, a preheating cylinder 25 is used for drying and preheating the input pulverized coal rods and small-particle coal, so that the heat content of the hot coal gas after coke quenching is reused, and the energy consumption of dry distillation is reduced after the coal is dried and preheated;
9, leading the coal gas after drying and preheating 8 into the inclined pipe 17 through a cooling coal gas outlet 26 to form a closed cycle without waste gas leakage, and simultaneously, the coke quenching, drying and preheating coal gas does not damage gas components or only can increase trace components for improving the heat value, reducing carbon dioxide and generating methane;
10 the way and the structure of discharging the semi coke after quenching are the same as the way of discharging the semi coke after quenching by general nitrogen, carbon dioxide and steam;
11, the semi-coke retort is connected with a double-section gasification furnace high-temperature coal gas to replace combustion-supporting gas, and the bottom section and the bottom of the pure oxygen gasification furnace are connected with the upper section of the double-section coal gas generation furnace into a whole; after a high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate 3 and a closed driving assembly 2 which is universal for a water gas batch furnace and is arranged at the lower bottom of the high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate 3 are connected with a universal part oxygen mixer 1 and a universal part slag discharge tank 4 to synthesize, the bottom ash basin slag discharge and the ash basin water injection of a single-section gas producer and a double-section gas producer are replaced to form a water seal structure, and the gasification furnace is suitable for replacing the existing 3-8cm high-quality lump coal with 5-15mm, 10-30mm small-particle coal and 15-30mm ground coal rods as gasification raw materials.
The semi-coke dry distillation furnace is connected with a double-section gasification furnace to replace combustion-supporting gas for dry distillation; it is characterized by combining crushed bituminous coal and straw preparation particlesNon-nitrogen hot gas dry distillation equipment and method, application number: 201510410401.9, the invention patent is already filed, the foundation of supplementing 650 ℃ gas flowing through the lining hole 7 by gasifying the bituminous coal at the lower section of the double-section gas producer is added, the temperature of the gas discharged from the lining hole 7 or the nitrogen-free gas reaches 850 ℃ when the gasification temperature of the lower section furnace is increased to 1050-. The method can improve the pressure of the gasification agent entering the water column with 3000mm pressure of 900-. The oxidation layer is preferentially prepared by adopting carbon dioxide to replace steam and oxygen to be mixed as a gasifying agent to enter the reduction layer at the temperature of 1050-: air gasification of CO2≤4%、CO+H2More than or equal to 40 percent of CO gasified by oxygen2Less than or equal to 17%, actually measuring CO2≥9%、CO+H2More than or equal to 82 percent, the content of residual carbon in discharged slag is less than or equal to 4 percent by utilizing favorable conditions of high temperature and boiling high-efficiency gasification, the small-particle crushed coal and the slack coal are gasified simply, efficiently and at low cost when being used in a single-section gas producer and a double-section gas producer, and the soft coal is put on a way with a wide cleaning application range.
The coke quenching method comprises the following steps:
1 using coal gas, preferably nitrogen-free coal gas, the temperature is less than or equal to 80 ℃, and the gas flow is 600-900m per ton of semi-coke3Quenching is preferably performed;
2, inputting the 1 gas or the nitrogen-free gas into a blue charcoal furnace cooling chamber 20 through the bottom of the blue charcoal furnace to cool and coke the hot carbon, and discharging the most bottom blue charcoal when the optimal temperature is reduced to 100-;
3, after the temperature of the heat absorbed by the coal gas reaches about 200 or 300 ℃ after the cooling of 2, the cooled coal gas is led out from a cooling coal gas collection chamber 21 through a cooling coal gas leading-out pipe 22, a cooling coal gas upper guide pipe 24 is pumped out according to a proper flow rate and is pressed into the upper section of a semi-coke furnace for drying, a preheating cylinder 25 is used for drying and preheating the input pulverized coal rods and small-particle coal, the heat content of the hot coal gas after coke quenching is reused, and the energy consumption of dry distillation is reduced after the coal is dried and preheated;
4, leading the gas after drying and preheating in the step 3 into an inclined pipe 17 through a cooling gas outlet 26 to form a closed cycle without waste gas leakage, and simultaneously, quenching, drying and preheating the gas without damaging gas components or only increasing trace components for improving the heat value, reducing carbon dioxide and generating methane;
5 the way and the structure of discharging the semi coke after quenching the coke are the same as the way of discharging the semi coke after quenching the coke by general nitrogen, carbon dioxide and steam.
The further scheme of the invention is as follows: after being dry distilled by gas with the temperature of 550-.
The invention further comprises the following scheme: connecting the bottom section and the bottom of the pure oxygen gasification furnace with the upper section of the double-section gas producer into a whole; the method comprises the steps of crushing coal by a 30mm sieve opening, separating small-particle lump coal of 5-30mm to replace a gasification raw material of the lump coal of 3-5cm and 3-8cm, adding 15-25% of water into the crushed coal and the residual bituminous coal of less than 5mm by the technology and equipment of the invention patent of 'ladder groove die disc tower type synchronous roller granulation machine', rolling, mixing, extruding cylinder particles of 15-30mm serving as the small-particle lump coal, and directly putting the small-particle lump coal into a dry distillation furnace or a double-section gas producer for gasification, so that the coal is gasified from the rootThe method has the advantages that a large amount of bituminous coal resources are sufficient to realize gasification and digestion of the bituminous coal to be clean and utilized, the double-section coal gas producer is fully gasified at the oxidation temperature of 1050-, but also ensures that the furnace wall of the water jacket is not hung with sulfur slag, the double-section pure oxygen continuous gasification furnace of the pulverized coal rod and the small-grain coal integrates the upper-section dry distillation of the double-section coal gas generation furnace and the structure of the lower section and the bottom of the pure oxygen gasification furnace for hermetically breaking slag and discharging slag into a whole, the same as the double-section gas producer is the dry distillation of the upper section furnace and the gasification of the lower section furnace, the lower section of the pure oxygen furnace is adopted to manufacture a lower end hearth 5 with a water jacket 6 by a temperature-resistant steel plate, and the bottom of the pure oxygen furnace is provided with a high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate 3; the lower bottom of the high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate 3 is connected with a general component of an oxygen mixer 1 by virtue of a general closed driving assembly 2 similar to a water gas batch furnace, a device synthesized by general components of a slag discharging tank 4 is suitable for gasifying small-sized bituminous coal and powdered bituminous coal rods instead of 3-5cm and 3-8cm lump coal, and based on the water clamping sleeve 6, the high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate 3 and the closed driving assembly 2, the gasification temperature can be controlled to be 1050-; pure oxygen gasification gas lower-stage furnace produces gas components of CO + H2More than or equal to 82 percent, the actually measured ash and carbon residue amount is less than or equal to 4 percent, the gas generated by gasification is stacked into a bush hole 7 through upper furnace refractory bricks at the top of a lower furnace hearth 5 and is discharged through a lower furnace high-temperature gas output hole 8 by clamping dozens of gas transmission holes, the gasification temperature is increased to 1050 plus-temperature 1350 ℃ to ensure that the temperature of the output gas reaches 550 plus-temperature 850 ℃, and the output gas reaches the lower furnace high-temperature gas outlet 8 and passes through a high-temperature gas conduit 10 and a high-efficiency heat-preservation dust remover 11 to form a double-section small-particle coal and coal rod gasification furnace.
The invention relates to a pulverized coal rod, a small-particle coal double-section pure oxygen continuous gasification furnace, which integrates the upper-section dry distillation of a double-section coal gas generator with the lower section and the bottom of a pure oxygen gasification furnace in a sealing slag breaking and slag discharging structure into a whole, and is the same as the double-section coal gas generator in the upper-section dry distillation and lower-section furnace gasification, and the lower section of the pure oxygen gasification furnace is made of temperature-resistant steelThe plate is provided with a lower end hearth 5 with a water jacket 6, and the bottom of the plate is provided with a high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate 3 of the pure oxygen gasification furnace; the lower bottom of the high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate 3 is provided with a general component closed driving assembly 2 which is connected with a general component oxygen mixer 1, a device synthesized by a general component slag discharging tank 4 is suitable for gasifying small-grain bituminous coal and powder bituminous coal rods instead of 3-5 and 3-8 blocks of coal, and based on the water clamping sleeve 6, the high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate 3 and the closed driving assembly 2, the gasification temperature can be controlled to be 1050-; pure oxygen gasification gas lower-stage furnace produces gas components of CO + H2More than or equal to 82 percent, the ash and residual carbon content is less than or equal to 3 percent, dozens of gas generated by gasification are stacked into a lining hole 7 through upper furnace refractory bricks at the top of a lower furnace 5 and are used as gas transmission holes, when the gasification temperature is increased to 1050-, performing various purification and gas cooling and desulfurization of electrical tar catching or tar washing and the like, performing destructive distillation on 550-plus 850-DEG C gas to form semi-coke, gradually sinking into a cooling gas inlet 19 at the bottom of a to-be-cooled chamber 18, continuously inputting cold gas at the temperature of less than or equal to 80 ℃, entering a cooling chamber 20 with a water jacket, performing coke quenching until the temperature of the hot semi-coke at the bottom of the cooling chamber 20 is lower than 100-plus 200℃, enabling the cooling gas to flow upwards through a cooling gas collecting chamber 21, sucking into a cooling gas outlet pipe 22, sucking cooling gas by a fan 23, continuously flowing to a cooling gas upper conduit 24, guiding into a drying and preheating barrel 25 at the upper part of a dry distillation furnace, then discharging from a cooling gas outlet 26, enabling the cooled semi-coke to pass through a tar washing device 28, an electrical tar catching 29, gas cooling, dephenolizing and desulfurization system 30, and enabling a semi-cokeThe discharging modes and structures of gas, carbon dioxide and steam coke quenching are the same.
According to the invention, 18mm of coal rods, 20mm of hot brawn, 22mm of hot brawn, 30mm of hot brawn, 5-10mm, 10-15mm, 15-20mm and 10-25mm of small-particle coal are preferentially selected and used, after dry distillation, the lower-stage furnace pure oxygen continuous gasification furnace synthesized by an oxygen mixer 1, a closed driving assembly 2, a high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate 3, a slag discharge tank 4, a lower-stage furnace hearth 5 or a dry distillation furnace dry distillation hearth 15 water jacket 6 can be put into the lower-stage furnace pure oxygen continuous gasification furnace, and is synthesized by the structure of components 1-6, the gasification pressure can be increased to 3000mm water columns, and the coal rods or small-particle coal in the gasification process are blown by a gasification agent to be in a suspension rolling:
1, controlling the gasification temperature to 1050-;
the residual ash is melted and sulfur is bonded after gasification at the temperature of 21050-;
3 the honeycomb furnace slag is formed by gradually sinking and cooling after the continuous gasification of the boiled small-particle coal is oxidized, and the formed honeycomb furnace slag is beneficial to gasification and slag breaking and discharging of a grate;
4 when the gasification temperature reaches 1050-.
The double-section gasification furnace is synthesized by connecting a high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate 3, a closed driving assembly 2 universal for a water gas intermittent furnace at the lower bottom of the high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate 3, a universal component oxygen mixer 1 and a universal component slag discharge tank 4, and replaces a single-section gas generating furnace and a double-section gas generating furnace to discharge slag from a bottom ash basin and fill water into the ash basin to form a water seal structure, so that the double-section gasification furnace is suitable for replacing 3-8cm high-quality lump coal which is currently used as a gasification raw material by 5-15mm, 10-30mm small-particle coal and 15-30mm tail coal rods. It can increase the pressure of the gasification agent to reach the pressure of 3000mm water column of 900-And a distillation layer, wherein a honeycomb channel gap is formed and left in the natural gap gasification of the small-particle coal and the powder coal bar cloth layer by keeping the gasification agent to form uniform turbulent airflow, and the gasification temperature is increased by 1050-. The oxidation layer is preferentially prepared by adopting carbon dioxide to replace steam and oxygen to be mixed as a gasifying agent to enter the reduction layer at the temperature of 1050-: air gasification of CO2≤4%、CO+H2More than or equal to 40 percent of CO gasified by oxygen2Less than or equal to 17%, actually measuring CO2≥9%、CO+H2More than or equal to 82 percent, the content of residual carbon in discharged slag is less than or equal to 4 percent by utilizing favorable conditions of high temperature and boiling high-efficiency gasification, the small-particle crushed coal and the slack coal are gasified simply, efficiently and at low cost when being used in a single-section gas producer and a double-section gas producer, and the soft coal is put on a way with wide application range of cleaning.
When the pellet of the dust bituminous coal cylinder keeps the temperature of the tangent circle stacking destructive distillation layer to reach 850 ℃, the tangent circle stacking, the diameter single specification and the proper diameter are added, if the diameter of the viscous coal cylinder pellet is more than 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, 50mm and 60mm, the specification and the size of the viscous coal cylinder are optimally selected from the specifications and the sizes of the viscous coal cylinder, the excessive bonding can be avoided, namely the tangent circle contacts with the tangent circle in a small contact surface, the gaps are uniform and sufficient, the temperature is gradually increased, the low-pressure air flow is continuously blown, the tar and the gas are firstly released from the carbon, and the dry distillation of the particles of the crushed and dust bituminous coal is realized to avoid the viscous bituminous coal from bonding.
When the annual output of the pulverized bituminous coal in a semi-coke-transferring mine reaches hundreds of thousands of tons, the dry distillation equipment adopts a rotary furnace or a spiral multi-body combined furnace, coal gas produced by the lower section of a double-section gasification furnace is introduced into the lower end of the rotary furnace or the spiral furnace at the temperature of 850 ℃, the pulverized bituminous coal rolls downwards at the upper end in the furnace, pulverized coal is heated to show viscosity and attached to larger particles or rolls and polymerizes into particles with certain particle size, gas released by carbon particles at low temperature to high temperature and gas blown into the lower section are finally mixed fully at the upper end to form crude gas, the crude gas enters a rotary separation dedusting device, a waste heat recovery device, a tar washing device and deep gas purification device to form clean coal gas through a guide pipe, the pulverized bituminous coal is dry distilled into pulverized semi-coke, the semi-coke is reduced to 150 ℃ through the heat exchange of the coal gas.
The invention mainly takes dry distillation crushed coal, ground coal rolling and mashup, and the extruded particles of the cylinders of 15-30mm and 30-60mm as the main part and small-particle coal as the auxiliary part. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the coal is crushed by a sieve opening of 30mm, and small-sized coal blocks of 5-30mm are separated and used for realizing gasification in a closed powerful slag-breaking double-stage furnace to replace the gasification of coal blocks of 3-5cm and 3-8cm, so that the raw material sources of the gasified coal are enlarged. And the crushed coal and the slack coal which are separated and have the residual diameter of less than 5mm are mechanically crushed again by a machine with the sieve opening of less than or equal to 10mm, and 10 to 25 percent of water is mixed into the crushed coal and the slack coal, and the crushed coal and the slack coal are processed through the patent number of 'ladder groove die disc tower type synchronous roller granulation machine' of the inventor: 201410275507.8 grinding and kneading by tower roller, extruding out column particles, and feeding into a semi-coke retort to obtain column particles of semi-coke. The method has the advantages of high yield, less broken powder, uniform shape, cleanness and low moisture, and because the particles of the cylinders of the Bronsted and the Bronsted of 15-30mm and 30-60mm are uniformly arranged in a honeycomb layer and are easy to fully release the volatile components in the coal during dry distillation, the tangential contact adhesion among the particles is low. The produced weak-viscosity coal with the specification is preferentially selected from 15-20mm and is suitable for various scattered bituminous coal boilers, bituminous coal furnaces and stoves, and the strong-viscosity coal is preferentially selected from 30-60mm and is suitable for coal rods for large and medium-sized gasification furnaces. The pollution of the discharge of the burning bituminous coal is solved radically. According to the requirement, the small-sized coal with proper melt viscosity and 5-20mm can be used for dry distillation, but the viscous coal is preferably used for a closed type strong slag breaking double-section gas producer, and the dry distillation and gasification can be integrated into a whole.
Crushed coal, slack coal, low-grade coal, lignite, biomass, sludge, high-sulfur coal and oil shale are rolled and mixed to extrude cylinder particles with the diameter of 15-30mm from the patent number of stepped groove die disc tower type synchronous roller granulation machine of the inventor: 201410275507.8 technique and product, it mainly solves the problems of low-grade and low-grade coal and high-sulfur coal. The solid strength of the coal ash is high, the coal ash is crushed into powder ash, 15 to 25 percent of water or sewage is permeated with the original coal components, and 3 to 6 percent of stone powder and clay can be respectively added. The raw material added with water takes the lubrication effect when the raw material is in the mud shape and is extruded in a die hole, and continuous and high-efficiency production of cylinder particles is realizedAnd (4) granulating. The extruded particles containing a certain amount of moisture are put into a gasification furnace, or the particles are dried, preheated moisture is evaporated, and then the particles are in smooth honeycombs, so that gas released by the coal is not blocked in a dry distillation section, and the honeycomb particles are more favorable for oxidation when entering a gasification section. Meanwhile, the honeycomb-shaped cylinder particles form a uniformly-stacked honeycomb layer in the gasification section and are strongly penetrated by a higher gasification agent pressure in the gasification furnace. The cylinder particles are dried and the volume of the dry distillation is reduced, and the strong gasification agent continuously penetrates through the cylinder particles to form a honeycomb gap layer. Therefore, even if the temperature is raised to 1050-. The oxide layer gradually sinks into the slag cooling layer, and the honeycomb slag which is in a cylinder shape is melted and solidified into sulfur slag, but the strength is obviously reduced due to the honeycomb structure, so that the slag breaking and the slag discharging are facilitated, and the coal powder in the particles under the condition is completely gasified, so that the carbon residue is less than 5%. In order to increase the temperature of coal gas for dry distillation and reduce the carbon dioxide content to be lower than 3 percent of air gasification and 13 percent of oxygen gasification, the full gasification rate is high, the carbon residue of ash is lower than 3 to 6 percent, the temperature of an oxidation layer reaches 1050-. The temperature of the oxide layer is controlled at 1050-1350 ℃ to fully gasify the carbon, and the gasification pressure is more than or equal to 900-3000mm water column. The carbon dioxide reduction efficiency is improved at the oxidation temperature of 1050-: the gasification of air is less than or equal to 3 percent, the gasification of oxygen is less than or equal to 17 percent, the actual measurement is less than or equal to 9 percent, the residual carbon content of slag is less than or equal to 4 percent, and the temperature of the coal gas entering the bushing hole 7 is kept at 850 ℃ of 550-. Coal gas CO + H2The components: air gasification of CO + H2Not less than 40 percent, and gasifying CO + H by oxygen2More than or equal to 82 percent, in particular more than or equal to 82 percent of CO and H2The significance of producing extremely cheap hydrogen through conversion is great.
Claims (8)
1. The semi-coke dry distillation furnace is connected with a double-section gasification furnace high-temperature coal gas to replace combustion-supporting gas for dry distillation, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
550-850 ℃ coal gas or nitrogen-free coal gas which passes through a bushing hole (7) by a lower furnace of a double-section coal gas producer enters a burning chamber (13) of the semi-coke retort after passing through a high-efficiency heat-preservation dust remover (11);
secondly, 550-850 ℃ coal gas or nitrogen-free coal gas entering a burning chamber (13) of the semi-coke dry distillation furnace is divided by a plurality of original burning chamber jet holes (14) and uniformly fed into a dry distillation chamber (15) of the dry distillation furnace;
thirdly, performing dry distillation on the residual soot rods or the small-particle coal in the hearth according to the coal gas at 850 ℃ or the nitrogen-free coal gas entering the dry distillation blue-charcoal furnace 550;
fourthly, releasing various gases of tar and sulfur from the coal after the dry distillation at the temperature of 650 plus 850 ℃;
controlling more than 90% of flow rate to be discharged through a dry distillation coal gas outlet (16) after the high-temperature gas is dry distilled, and enabling the discharged dry distillation gas to enter a gas pipeline system after dust removal or return to a tar washing device (28) through an inclined pipe (17);
sixthly, using coal gas and selecting nitrogen-free coal gas, the temperature is less than or equal to 80 ℃, and the gas flow is 600-inch for each ton of semi-coke and 900m3
As a quenching medium;
seventhly, inputting the gas or the nitrogen-free gas into a blue charcoal furnace cooling chamber (20) through the bottom of the blue charcoal furnace to cool and coke the hot carbon, and discharging the blue charcoal when the optimal temperature of the bottommost blue charcoal is reduced to 100-;
the cooled coal gas heat absorption temperature reaches 200 or 300 ℃, a cooled coal gas delivery pipe (22) of a cooled coal gas collecting chamber (21) is pumped out according to a proper flow rate through a cooled coal gas upper guide pipe (24) of a fan (23) and is pressed into the upper section of a flange furnace for drying, a preheating cylinder (25) is used for drying and preheating the thrown pulverized coal rods and small-sized coal, the heat contained in the hot coal gas after coke quenching is reused, and the energy consumed by dry distillation is reduced after the coal is dried and preheated;
ninthly, leading the dried and preheated coal gas from a cooling coal gas outlet (26) into an inclined pipe (17) to form closed cycle without waste gas leakage, simultaneously, quenching the coke, drying and preheating the coal gas without damaging gas components or only increasing trace components for improving heat value, reducing carbon dioxide and generating methane;
10 the way and the structure of discharging the semi coke after quenching are the same as the way of discharging the semi coke after quenching by general nitrogen, carbon dioxide and steam;
11, the semi-coke retort is connected with a double-section gasification furnace high-temperature coal gas to replace combustion-supporting gas, and the bottom section and the bottom of the pure oxygen gasification furnace are connected with the upper section of the double-section coal gas generation furnace into a whole; a sealed driving assembly (2) which is universal for a water gas intermittent furnace and arranged at the lower bottom of a high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate (3) is connected with a universal component oxygen mixer (1) and a universal component slag discharging tank (4) to synthesize the high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate, and the high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate replaces a bottom ash basin to discharge slag of a single-section coal gas producer and a double-section coal gas producer and is filled with water in the ash basin to form a water seal structure, so that the high-quality coal blocks which are used for replacing the existing 3-8cm coal blocks are adopted as gasification raw materials by small-particle coal of 5-15mm and 10-30mm and tail.
2. The semi-coke dry distillation furnace connected with a double-section gasification furnace high-temperature coal gas instead of combustion-supporting gas dry distillation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the coke quenching method comprises the following steps:
firstly, coke quenching is preferably carried out by using coal gas and nitrogen-free coal gas at the temperature of less than or equal to 80 ℃ and the gas flow of 900m3 per ton of semi-coke;
secondly, inputting the coal gas or the nitrogen-free coal gas into a cooling chamber (20) of the semi-coke furnace through the bottom of the semi-coke furnace to cool and coke the hot carbon, and discharging the semi-coke at the bottommost when the optimal temperature is reduced to 100-plus-200 ℃;
thirdly, the cooled coal gas heat absorption temperature reaches 200 or 300 ℃, a cooled coal gas delivery pipe (22) of a cooled coal gas collecting chamber (21) is pumped out according to a proper flow rate through a cooled coal gas upper guide pipe (24) of a fan (23) and is pressed into the upper section of a semi-coke furnace for drying, a preheating cylinder (25) is used for drying and preheating the input coal rods and small-sized coal, the heat content of the hot coal gas after coke quenching is reused, and the energy consumption of dry distillation is reduced after the coal is dried and preheated;
guiding the dried and preheated coal gas into an inclined pipe (17) from a cooling coal gas outlet (26) to form closed circulation without waste gas leakage, and simultaneously, the coke quenching, drying and preheating coal gas does not damage gas components or only can increase trace components for improving heat value, and carbon dioxide reduction and methane generation are carried out;
and fifthly, the way and the structure of discharging the semi coke after quenching are the same as the way of discharging the semi coke after quenching by general nitrogen, carbon dioxide and steam.
3. The semi-coke dry distillation furnace connected with a double-section gasification furnace high-temperature coal gas replacing combustion-supporting gas dry distillation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that; after being dry distilled by gas with the temperature of 850 ℃ of 550-, The carbon dioxide and steam coke quenching discharge modes and structures are the same.
4. The semi-coke dry distillation furnace connected with a double-section gasification furnace high-temperature coal gas instead of combustion-supporting gas dry distillation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the coal gasifier comprises a pulverized coal rod, a small-particle coal double-section pure oxygen continuous gasifier, an upper-section dry distillation structure, a lower-section closed slag breaking structure and a slag discharging structure, wherein the upper-section dry distillation structure, the lower-section closed slag breaking structure and the slag discharging structure are integrated into a whole, the upper-section dry distillation structure and the lower-section gasification structure are the same as those of a double-section coal gas producer, the lower section of the pure oxygen gasifier is used for manufacturing a lower-section hearth (5) with a water clamping sleeve (6) by using a temperature-resistant steel plate, and the bottom of the pure oxygen gasifier; the lower bottom of the high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate (3) is provided with a general component closed driving assembly (2) which is connected with a general component oxygen mixer (1), a device synthesized by a general component slag discharging tank (4) is suitable for gasifying small-particle bituminous coal and powder bituminous coal rods instead of 3-5 and 3-8 blocks of coal, and based on a water clamping sleeve (6), the high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate (3) and the closed driving assembly (2), the gasification temperature can be controlled to 1050-; the coal gas produced by the lower segment furnace of the pure oxygen gasification gas contains CO + H2 which is more than or equal to 82 percent, the ash residue carbon content is less than or equal to 4 percent, the coal gas produced by gasification is piled into lining holes (7) through upper segment furnace refractory bricks at the top of a lower segment hearth (5) and is used as gas transmission holes, when the gasification temperature is increased to 1050 ℃, (7) the temperature of the output coal gas reaches 550- (16) Discharging into an inclined pipe (17), entering the system with the inclined pipe (17) for dedusting, performing various purification of electric coke catching or tar washing and gas cooling and desulfurization, performing destructive distillation on gas at the temperature of 550-850 ℃ to form semi-coke, gradually sinking into a to-be-cooled chamber (18), continuously inputting cold gas with the temperature of less than or equal to 80 ℃ into a bottom cooling gas inlet (19), entering a cooling chamber (20) with a water jacket, performing coke quenching until the temperature of the hot semi-coke at the bottom of the cooling chamber (20) is lower than 200 ℃, sucking the cooling gas upwards through a cooling gas collecting chamber (21) into a cooling gas delivery pipe (22), pumping the cooling gas into a cooling gas upper guide pipe (24) by a fan (23), introducing the cooling gas into a drying and preheating cylinder (25) at the upper part of the dry distillation furnace, then discharging from a cold gas outlet (26), and discharging from a coke gas outlet of an upper-section furnace and a guide pipe (27) of a double-section furnace, An electric coke catching system (29), a coal gas cooling, dephenolizing and desulfurizing system (30), and a semi-coke discharging system (31) of the semi-coke furnace after cooling at 100 ℃ and 200 ℃ has the same discharging mode and structure as those of a general nitrogen, carbon dioxide and steam coke quenching.
5. The semi-coke dry distillation furnace connected with a double-section gasification furnace high-temperature coal gas instead of combustion-supporting gas dry distillation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: 18mm of coal rods and Roots, 20mm of Roots, 22mm of Roots, 30mm of Roots, small-particle coal 5-10mm, 10-15mm, 15-20mm, 10-25mm can be put into the lower-section furnace pure oxygen continuous gasification furnace synthesized by the oxygen mixer (1), the closed drive assembly (2), the high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate (3), the slag discharge tank (4), the lower-section hearth (5) or the retort hearth (15) water jacket (6) after the dry distillation through the structural synthesis of the components 1-6, the gasification pressure can be increased to 900-3000mm water columns, and the coal rods or the small-particle coal in the gasification process are blown by the gasification agent to be in a suspension boiling state to achieve the following purposes:
firstly, controlling the gasification temperature to 1050-;
1050-;
the honeycomb furnace slag is formed by gradually sinking and cooling after the continuous gasification and the oxidation of the small-particle coal, and the formed honeycomb furnace slag is beneficial to gasification and the slag breaking and discharging of a grate;
fourthly, when the gasification temperature reaches 1050-.
6. The semi-coke dry distillation furnace connected with a double-section gasification furnace high-temperature coal gas instead of combustion-supporting gas dry distillation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the double-section gasification furnace is synthesized by connecting a high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate (3) with a closed driving assembly (2) universal for a water gas intermittent furnace at the lower bottom of the high-strength temperature-resistant slag-breaking grate (3) and a universal part oxygen mixer (1) and a universal part slag discharge tank (4), replaces a single-section coal gas generating furnace and a double-section coal gas generating furnace to discharge slag from a bottom ash basin and fill water in the ash basin to form a water seal structure, and is suitable for 5-15mm, 10-30mm small-particle coal and 15-30mm powder coal rods to replace the existing 3-8cm high-quality lump coal as a gasification raw material.
7. The semi-coke dry distillation furnace connected with a double-section gasification furnace high-temperature coal gas instead of combustion-supporting gas dry distillation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: when the pellet of the column of bituminous coal is kept to be round-cut and piled up to reach 850 ℃, the round-cut and piled up, and the single specification and the proper diameter of the diameter are added, if the diameter of the pellet of the column of the viscous coal is more than 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, 50mm and 60mm, the best is selected from the specifications and the sizes of the diameter more than twice, the excessive bonding can be avoided, that is, the contact surface of the round-cut and the round-cut points is small, the gaps are uniform and sufficient, the temperature is gradually increased, the low-pressure airflow is continuously blown, the tar and the gas are released from the carbon, and the broken and terminal bituminous coal can be carbonized to avoid the viscous bonding.
8. The semi-coke dry distillation furnace connected with a double-section gasification furnace high-temperature coal gas instead of combustion-supporting gas dry distillation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: when the annual output of the pulverized bituminous coal in a semi-coke transferring mine reaches hundreds of thousands of tons, the dry distillation device adopts a rotary furnace or a spiral multi-body combined furnace, gas produced by the lower section of a double-section gasification furnace is introduced into the lower end of the rotary furnace or the spiral furnace at the temperature of 850 ℃ through 550-.
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| CN109207204A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2019-01-15 | 孔令增 | The double section furnace pure oxygen gasification clean energy resource methods of small towns stalk rubbish destructive distillation |
| CN110358579B (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2021-06-22 | 成都聚实节能科技有限公司 | Production method of oil gas and water gas |
| CN113801672B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2024-04-05 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for improving production process of internal thermal semi-coke furnace based on carbon dioxide protection |
| CN113999694B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2024-04-05 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for improving production process of internal thermal semi-coke furnace based on water vapor protection |
| CN114317056B (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2024-04-02 | 三门峡市精捷自动化设备有限公司 | Granular coal body heat treatment furnace |
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