CN212864690U - Blast furnace slag gasifier structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a blast furnace slag gasification furnace structure, wherein an inverted cone material inlet is processed at the top of a furnace body, a rotary revolving cup is arranged below the furnace body, and materials fall into the rotary revolving cup, are crushed and thrown out through impact, and fall into a hopper after being cooled and solidified in the air; the hopper comprises a gasification chamber, a dry gas heating chamber and an air heating chamber from top to bottom in sequence. The utility model discloses a gasifier, the design of access & exit such as each function or flue gas gasification gas can be accomplished the slag and handled, effectively retrieves the sensible heat, is particularly useful for and uses with the cooperation of rubbish dry pyrolysis reaction cauldron.

Description

Blast furnace slag gasifier structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to slag treatment, in particular to a blast furnace slag gasifier.

Background

The steel yield of China is stable in the world for a long time and is far ahead of other countries. Meanwhile, the amount of blast furnace slag containing rich heat energy discharged along with blast furnace smelting production is also huge. The tapping temperature of the slag is generally between 1400 ℃ and 1550 ℃. The heat quantity of each ton of slag is about 1.74GJ, which is equivalent to the heat value of 60kg of standard coal. In 2018, the pig iron yield in China is 7.7 million tons, the slag output of unit pig iron is calculated according to 0.35 ton, 2.7 million tons of blast furnace slag can be produced, and the sensible heat contained in the blast furnace slag is equivalent to 1620 million tons of standard coal. The recovery of the sensible heat has great significance for energy conservation and emission reduction.

At present, 90% of blast furnace slag in China is treated by a water slag flushing method, and the obtained water slag is used for producing cement, slag bricks, slag micro powder and heat insulation filler. The water-washed slag has different technological routes, but the technical core is that the blast furnace slag is subjected to water spraying and water quenching, is cooled and granulated to form water slag, then the water slag is separated, and the slag washing water is recycled after precipitation and filtration.

The traditional slag flushing method has the problems of high water consumption, high pollution, unrecovered sensible heat, water slag drying, abrasion, blockage and the like. The dry sensible heat recovery technology is a technical route explored by the industry and mainly comprises a wind quenching method, a rotary cup granulation method and a methane-steam reforming method. Although various methods have been developed to some extent, they are actually economically inefficient and inefficient, and thus, they are hardly industrially used at present.

Disclosure of Invention

To the not enough of prior art, the utility model aims to provide a blast furnace slag gasifier, as the supplementary of the technology that rubbish pyrolysis gasification coupling blast furnace slag was handled, solve present gasifier inefficiency, the insufficient problem of heat utilization.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical means:

a blast furnace slag gasifier comprises a gasification chamber, a dry gas heating chamber and an air heating chamber from top to bottom in sequence;

a semicoke powder inlet is arranged on the furnace body where the gasification chamber is arranged, a pyrolysis gas inlet is arranged below the semicoke powder inlet, and a gasification gas outlet is arranged at the upper part of the furnace body;

a drying gas outlet is arranged on the furnace body where the drying gas heating chamber is arranged, and a drying gas inlet is arranged below the drying gas outlet;

the furnace body of the air heating chamber is provided with a hot air outlet, and a cold air inlet is arranged below the hot air outlet.

Material locking devices are arranged between the gasification chamber and the dry gas heating chamber and between the dry gas heating chamber and the air heating chamber.

Further, blast furnace slag gasifier includes furnace body and the row's of furnace body lower part storehouse of slagging, and gasification chamber, dry gas heating chamber and air heating chamber all set up in the furnace body, and the gasification chamber is close to the one side of material inlet, and row's storehouse is close to the air heating chamber.

Furthermore, a funnel is processed at the top of the furnace body and is in an inverted cone shape, a rotary rotating cup is arranged below the funnel, materials fall into the rotary rotating cup, are crushed and thrown out through impact, and fall after being cooled and solidified in the air.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following profitable technological effect has:

the gasifier of the utility model can complete slag treatment and effectively recover sensible heat by the design of the inlet and outlet of each function or flue gas gasification gas and the like, is particularly suitable for being matched with a garbage drying pyrolysis reaction kettle in which raw garbage is arranged, the gasifier is designed to undergo five processes of drying, pyrolysis gas generation, depressurization and cooling, wherein each process requires different heat values, and each section of the gasifier can provide different flue gas temperatures for completing the reaction of the reaction kettle, the heat of different tastes can be produced, the heat can be respectively used as heat sources for drying, drying and pyrolyzing gas in the reaction kettle, high-grade heat is used for absorbing heat in gasification reaction, medium-grade heat is used for absorbing heat in drying and pyrolyzing reaction, low-grade heat is recycled for combustion in a gas boiler through cold air, sensible heat recovery is reliable, and the heat of blast furnace slag is utilized in a gradient manner. Compared with the traditional slag flushing method by water, the method improves the energy utilization efficiency and solves the problem of garbage disposal. Compared with the traditional landfill or incineration mode, the mode of pyrolysis gasification is used for treating garbage, the environment-friendly property is better, and the produced gasified gas can be directly combusted as clean fuel, and can also be used as chemical raw materials for other chemical production, such as methanol production, and has certain economical efficiency.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a gasification furnace.

The reference symbols in the figures have the meanings given below:

1-gasification gas outlet, 2-semicoke powder inlet, 3-pyrolysis gas inlet, 4-dry gas outlet, 5-dry gas inlet, 6-hot air outlet, 7-cold air inlet, 8-slag discharge bin, 9-material locking device, 10-air heating chamber, 11-dry gas heating chamber, 12-gasification chamber, 13-revolving cup and 14-funnel.

The embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.

Detailed Description

The utility model discloses a locking material ware, glassware under current lock wind promptly for rely on the occasion of gravity unloading, have stronger lock gas sealing performance, can adopt glassware structure under current lock wind.

The revolving cup can refer to the design idea of a slag air quenching method, the revolving cup is connected with a furnace body by a support, and the rotation speed regulation are realized by the driving of a motor.

The semicoke powder inlet is used for conveying the semicoke powder generated by steam and garbage pyrolysis generated by garbage drying.

The gasified gas outlet is used for outputting high-temperature gasified gas, and the temperature of the high-temperature gasified gas is about 900 ℃.

The utility model discloses need explain, each link temperature numerical value's in the technology is optimum temperature range, and during different material ratios, concrete temperature probably changes, adopts this system process route, selects different temperatures, also belongs to this application protection category.

Example 1:

in the present embodiment, a structure of a blast furnace slag gasifier is shown in fig. 1, in which blast furnace slag falls freely through a top funnel 14 and falls on a bottom revolving cup, the revolving cup 13 breaks the blast furnace slag into small droplets by impact and throws the droplets into the air, and the high-temperature slag droplets are cooled and solidified in the air by gasification gas and then fall into a gasifier hopper. The gasification furnace comprises three sections, wherein one section is a gasification chamber 12, the temperature of slag is reduced to about 900 ℃ at about 1400 ℃, the released heat is used as a heat source of gasification reaction, pyrolysis gas generated by drying pyrolysis reaction of garbage enters the gasification chamber through a pyrolysis gas inlet 3, water vapor and garbage pyrolysis residual semi-coke powder are mixed and sent into the gasification chamber through a semi-coke powder inlet 2, the pyrolysis gas, the semi-coke powder and the water vapor are heated to about 900 ℃ by blast furnace slag in the gasification chamber, gasification gas mainly comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide is generated by reaction, and the gasification gas is discharged out of the gasification furnace through a gasification gas outlet 1; the second section is a drying gas heating chamber 11, slag particles are cooled to 400 ℃ from about 900 ℃ by the drying gas, the discharged heat heats the drying gas, the inlet temperature of the drying gas is about 150 ℃, the heat of the blast furnace slag is absorbed upwards in the heating chamber in a counter-current manner, and the slag particles are heated to about 500 ℃ and discharged from a drying gas outlet 4; the three sections are air heating chambers 10, slag particles are discharged out of the gasification furnace after being reduced from about 400 ℃ to 200 ℃, the discharged heat is used for preheating air, normal-temperature cold air enters from a cold air inlet 7, the heat of the blast furnace slag is absorbed upwards in the heating chambers in a counter-flow manner, and the blast furnace slag is heated to about 200 ℃ and discharged from a hot air outlet 6; the air heating chamber is connected with a slag discharging bin, and the cooled blast furnace slag is discharged from the slag discharging bin. The material locking device 9 is arranged at the outlet of each section of the gasification furnace, and blast furnace slag particles are discharged intermittently through the slag discharging bin 8, so that the gas leakage between the spaces of each section of the gasification furnace is limited.

The gasifier of this embodiment, the design of access & exit such as each function or flue gas gasification gas, be particularly useful for and rubbish dry pyrolysis reation kettle cooperation use, native rubbish is in dry pyrolysis reation kettle, will experience the stoving, it is dry, the gas is produced in the pyrolysis, the step-down, five processes of cooling, the calorific value that every process needs is different, each section of the gasifier of this application just can provide different flue gas temperature and be used for accomplishing reation kettle's reaction, the design of this application gasifier, can produce the heat of different tastes, can be used for stoving in the reation kettle respectively, it is dry, the heat source of gas is produced in the pyrolysis.

The gasification of rubbish pyrolysis can produce the semicoke powder, utilizes the utility model discloses a gasification furnace can realize the gasification reaction of pyrolysis gas, semicoke powder, the vapor that rubbish pyrolysis process produced, and gasification reaction produces the principal ingredients of giving vent to anger and is hydrogen, carbon monoxide, steam, carbon dioxide, and the environmental protection is feasible.

Semicoke powder entry 2 adopts steam to carry semicoke powder as the conveying gas, adopts other kinds of gas to carry semicoke powder, sends into the gasifier with steam alone again and is used for gasification reaction, also belongs to this application protection category.

The selection of the reaction temperature values of various materials in different links of the gasification furnace is an estimated value, and the change of the ratio of different materials can happen.

The material locking device 9 discharges slag particles intermittently to achieve the isolation effect of discharging materials and air spaces, and other devices with similar functions are adopted to achieve the function, so that the device also belongs to the protection scope of the application.

The gasifier furnace body structure, the changes such as heat preservation, support, pipeline annex that increase on this basis also belong to this application protection category.

Claims (3)

1. The blast furnace slag gasifier is characterized by comprising a gasification chamber (12), a dry gas heating chamber (11) and an air heating chamber (10) from top to bottom in sequence;

a semicoke powder inlet (2) is arranged on the furnace body where the gasification chamber (12) is arranged, a pyrolysis gas inlet (3) is arranged below the semicoke powder inlet (2), and a gasification gas outlet (1) is arranged at the upper part of the furnace body;

a drying gas outlet (4) is arranged on the furnace body where the drying gas heating chamber (11) is arranged, and a drying gas inlet (5) is arranged below the drying gas outlet (4);

a hot air outlet (6) is arranged on the furnace body where the air heating chamber (10) is arranged, and a cold air inlet (7) is arranged below the hot air outlet;

material locking devices (9) are arranged between the gasification chamber (12) and the dry gas heating chamber (11), between the dry gas heating chamber (11) and the air heating chamber (10) and at the material outlet.

2. The blast furnace slag gasifier according to claim 1, comprising a furnace body and a slag discharge bin (8) at the lower part of the furnace body, wherein the gasification chamber (12), the dry gas heating chamber (11) and the air heating chamber (10) are all arranged in the furnace body, the gasification chamber (12) is close to one side of the material inlet, and the slag discharge bin (8) is close to the air heating chamber (10).

3. The blast furnace slag gasifier according to claim 1, wherein a hopper (14) is formed at the top of the furnace body, and is in the shape of an inverted cone, a rotating revolving cup (13) is arranged below the hopper, and the material falls into the rotating revolving cup (13), is crushed and thrown out by impact, and falls after being cooled and solidified in the air.

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