CN114317056B - Granular coal body heat treatment furnace - Google Patents
Granular coal body heat treatment furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN114317056B CN114317056B CN202210134003.9A CN202210134003A CN114317056B CN 114317056 B CN114317056 B CN 114317056B CN 202210134003 A CN202210134003 A CN 202210134003A CN 114317056 B CN114317056 B CN 114317056B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 269
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- PFRUBEOIWWEFOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[S] Chemical compound [N].[S] PFRUBEOIWWEFOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 24
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a granular coal body heat treatment furnace which comprises an upper coal bin, a treatment furnace body, a support cylinder body, a spiral chute, a steam injection device, a heat supply device, a cooling assembly, a first negative pressure fan and a sulfur-nitrogen dust removal device; when the coal body passes through the medium-temperature heat separation zone, coal dust dirt is separated from the coal body and begins to expand, the expanded coal dust dirt rises to a steam and impurity mixture outlet and is discharged, when the coal body passes through the medium-temperature heat separation zone, the coal body rapidly expands, moisture in the coal body is vaporized into steam and is discharged after sulfur is carried out to be converged in the steam, part of dust in the coal body also floats to the steam and impurity mixture outlet along with the steam immediately after the dust is discharged, when the coal body enters the coal body cooling zone, the expanded coal body rapidly cools, the inner core of the coal body tissue is contracted to release sulfur, nitrogen, ash and water to be separated from the coal body, and the coal body is discharged under the action of a second negative pressure fan, and after the coal body is purified, the color of the coal body is bright, and all coal quality indexes are obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal purification, in particular to a granular coal heat treatment furnace.
Background
Coal washing is an indispensable process for deep processing of coal, the coal directly mined from a mine is called raw coal, the raw coal is mixed with a plurality of impurities in the mining process, the quality of the coal is different, and the coal with small internal ash content and large internal ash content is mixed together. The coal washing is an industrial process for removing impurities in raw coal or classifying high-quality coal and low-quality coal. Products produced after the coal washing process are generally divided into gangue, middling, secondary clean coal and primary clean coal, the finished coal after the coal washing process is generally called clean coal, through coal washing, the coal transportation cost can be reduced, the utilization rate of coal is improved, clean coal is an energy source which can be used as fuel generally, clean coal of bituminous coal is generally mainly used for coking, and industrial processes such as sulfur removal, impurity removal and the like are required to achieve the standard for coking.
At present, when coal is washed by coal washing equipment, methods such as water desulfurization, ultrasonic desulfurization and the like are generally used, sulfur-containing gas generated by ultrasonic desulfurization is directly discharged into air, air is easy to pollute and poison, the effect of ultrasonic desulfurization is single, pulverized coal is easy to float in the process, and dust explosion and other events can be generated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a granular coal body heat treatment furnace which can carry out desulfurization, nitrogen removal, ash reduction and moisture reduction on granular coal bodies so as to effectively improve the quality of the coal bodies.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a granular coal body heat treatment furnace, comprising: the device comprises an upper coal bin, a treatment furnace body, a supporting cylinder body, a spiral chute, a steam injection device, a heating device, a cooling assembly, a first negative pressure fan and a sulfur-nitrogen dust removal device;
the treatment furnace body comprises a heat-conducting cylinder body and a heat-insulating cylinder body, wherein the heat-conducting cylinder body is positioned at the inner side of the heat-insulating cylinder body and is coaxial with the heat-insulating cylinder body, a combustion chamber is formed between the heat-insulating cylinder body and the heat-conducting cylinder body, the top end of the heat-conducting cylinder body is connected with an upper coal bin, a raw coal treatment inlet is formed in the connection surface of the heat-conducting cylinder body and the upper coal bin, a coal inlet is formed in the upper part of the upper coal bin, a heat-insulating cover is arranged at the outer side of the upper coal bin, a coal preheating chamber communicated with the combustion chamber is formed between the heat-insulating cover and the upper coal bin, a smoke outlet is formed in the top of the coal preheating chamber, a steam and impurity mixture outlet penetrating through the heat-insulating cylinder body is formed in the top of the heat-conducting cylinder body, and a first negative pressure fan is externally connected with the steam and impurity mixture outlet;
the bottom end of the treatment furnace body is connected with the top end of the supporting cylinder body, a first funnel is arranged at the joint of the treatment furnace body and the supporting cylinder body, a second funnel positioned below the first funnel is arranged in the supporting cylinder body, the first funnel, the second funnel and the supporting cylinder body enclose a lower coal bin, and a belt conveyor for conveying coal outwards is arranged below the lower coal bin;
the heat supply device comprises a fuel supply assembly, a rotary grate, an air inlet assembly and a slag discharge assembly, wherein the rotary grate can be rotatably arranged at the lower part of the combustion chamber, the fuel supply assembly is used for supplying fuel to the rotary grate, the air inlet assembly is used for supplying air to the combustion chamber, and the slag discharge assembly is used for discharging waste slag generated by combustion of the rotary grate;
a heat-insulating funnel which is positioned right above the first funnel and below the side of the rotary grate is arranged in the heat-conducting cylinder, a coal cooling zone is formed between the heat-insulating funnel and the first funnel, and a middle-temperature heat separation zone and a high-temperature heat separation zone are formed between the heat-insulating funnel and the raw coal treatment inlet from top to bottom;
the spiral chute is fixedly arranged in the heat conduction cylinder, the top end of the spiral chute is communicated with the raw coal treatment inlet, and the bottom end of the spiral chute is positioned above the coal outlet of the heat insulation funnel;
the steam spraying device is provided with a plurality of spray holes for spraying steam to the coal body in the spiral chute;
the cooling assembly comprises a cooling air blower, a high-pressure spray pump and a second negative-pressure blower, wherein the cooling air blower sprays cool air to the coal cooling area, the high-pressure spray pump sprays water mist to the coal cooling area, and the second negative-pressure blower is used for extracting a mixture of steam and impurities in the coal cooling area;
the sulfur nitrogen dust collector locates the outside of handling the furnace body, sulfur nitrogen dust collector's inlet end communicates with the end of giving vent to anger of first negative pressure fan, the end of giving vent to anger of second negative pressure fan and smoke and dust export respectively.
When the granular coal body heat treatment furnace provided by the application is used, granular coal bodies on the ground enter the upper coal bin through the coal inlet for temporary storage, the coal bodies in the upper coal bin are continuously input into the spiral chute through the raw coal treatment inlet, the spiral chute is positioned in the heat conduction cylinder and is horizontally opposite to the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber is heated to enable the temperature in the heat conduction cylinder to be sequentially increased from top to bottom, when the coal bodies flow through the middle-temperature heat separation area, the steam injection device injects steam to the coal bodies in the middle-temperature heat separation area, coal dust and dirt in the coal bodies are gradually separated from the coal bodies, the coal dust and dirt separated from the coal bodies are attracted by the negative pressure of the first negative pressure fan and the rising steam jointly acts, the coal dust and dirt rises to the top of the heat conduction cylinder and is discharged through the steam and impurity mixture outlet, and the coal bodies separated from the coal dust and dirt begin to expand; when the coal flows through the high-temperature thermal separation area, the temperature in the heat conduction cylinder continuously rises, and meanwhile, the steam injection device injects steam to the coal in the high-temperature thermal separation area, at the moment, the coal rapidly expands, moisture in the coal is vaporized into steam, and is carried out of sulfur, and is converged in the steam to be discharged, part of dust in the coal also floats up along with the high-temperature injected steam immediately after the dust flows into the top of the heat conduction cylinder until the dust is discharged through a steam and impurity mixture outlet, and a large amount of moisture and ash in the coal are removed through the two sections of decontamination, evaporation, desulfurization and dehydration, and meanwhile, part of sulfur and nitrogen in the coal are carried out. When the coal body enters the coal body cooling area, under the combined action of the cooling air fan and the high-pressure spray pump, the expanded coal body is rapidly cooled, the inner core of the coal body tissue is contracted to release sulfur, nitrogen, ash and water to separate from the coal body, the coal body is discharged out of the treatment furnace body under the adsorption action of the second negative pressure fan, the gas discharged by the first negative pressure fan, the smoke outlet and the second negative pressure fan is input into the sulfur-nitrogen dust removal device for purification after heat utilization, and after the purification, the color and luster of the coal body are bright, the indexes of various coal quality are obviously improved, particularly the sulfur, nitrogen and water of the coal body are obviously reduced, and the coal body has good purification effect.
For better realizing the technical scheme, preferably, the heat preservation barrel includes the outer heat preservation layer of reinforced concrete structure, locates the rock wool board heat preservation of outer heat preservation upper portion inner periphery and locates the high aluminium firebrick layer of outer heat preservation lower part inner periphery, the lower extreme high aluminium firebrick layer of rock wool board heat preservation meets.
Preferably, the temperature of the medium-temperature thermal separation zone is 300-390 ℃, the temperature of the high-temperature thermal separation zone is 390-400 ℃, and the temperature of the coal cooling zone is 100-150 ℃.
Preferably, the steam spraying apparatus includes: the device comprises a softened water preparation device, a softened water delivery pump, a preheating pipe, a hot water pump, a steam injection pipe, a steam heating pipe, a water supply pipe and a gas separation cylinder; the softened water preparation device, the softened water delivery pump, the hot water pump, the water supply pipe and the air dividing cylinder are all arranged on the outer side of the treatment furnace body, the preheating pipe is arranged on the inner wall of the lower coal bunker in a surrounding mode, the steam injection pipe is arranged around the inner circumference of the spiral chute, spray holes for spraying steam into the spiral chute are uniformly distributed on the annular wall of the steam injection pipe, the steam heating pipe is arranged in the combustion chamber in a surrounding mode, the softened water delivery pump delivers softened water prepared by the softened water preparation device into the preheating pipe for preheating, the hot water pump delivers preheated water in the preheating pipe into the steam heating pipe through the water supply pipe for absorbing heat, the water in the steam heating pipe enters the air dividing cylinder after absorbing heat and vaporizing, and is input into the steam injection pipe after being divided by the air dividing cylinder and the steam is sprayed into the spiral chute.
Preferably, the smoke outlet is externally connected with a third negative pressure fan, and the air outlet end of the third negative pressure fan is communicated with the air inlet end of the sulfur-nitrogen dust removal device.
Preferably, the cooling assembly further comprises a plurality of natural air inlets which are uniformly arranged around the bottom circumference of the coal cooling zone and are communicated with the coal cooling zone, and an air filter is connected with the air inlet end of each natural air inlet.
Preferably, the air inlet assembly comprises a plurality of blowers which are arranged at the lower part of the treatment furnace body and supply air to the rotary grate.
Preferably, the air inlet end of the cooling air blower is connected with an air cooler.
Preferably, the device further comprises a bucket coal lifting bin and a bucket elevator, wherein the bucket coal lifting bin and the bucket elevator are arranged on the outer side of the treatment furnace body, and coal in the bucket coal lifting bin is input into the upper coal bin through the bucket elevator.
Preferably, the mixture of the steam and the impurities extracted by the second negative pressure fan is firstly input into the interlayer of the bucket coal extraction bin to preheat the coal body in the bucket coal extraction bin, and then is input into the sulfur-nitrogen dust removal device.
Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is an external schematic view of a granular coal body heat treatment furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the blower and second negative pressure fan arrangement of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the cooling air blower and the high pressure spray pump of FIG. 2;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of an arrangement of a steam injection pipe and an insulating funnel.
In the drawings of which there are shown,
the coal feeding bin 1, a coal inlet 11, a heat preservation cover 12, a coal preheating cavity 13, a smoke outlet 14, a coal feeding motor 15 and a metering screw feeder 16;
the device comprises a processing furnace body 2, a heat conduction cylinder 21, a raw coal processing inlet 211, a steam and impurity mixture outlet 212, a coal cooling area 213, a middle-temperature heat separation area 214, a middle-temperature heat separation area 215, a viewing fire hole 216, a natural air inlet 217, a combustion chamber 22, an outer heat preservation layer 231, a rock wool board heat preservation layer 232, a high-alumina refractory brick layer 233, a heat insulation funnel 24 and an overhaul platform 25;
the device comprises a supporting cylinder body 3, a lower coal bin 31, a first hopper 311, a second hopper 312, a control valve 313, a belt conveyor 32 and a metering screw discharger 314;
a spiral chute 4;
a softened water generator 51, a softened water transfer pump 52, a preheating pipe 53, a hot water pump 54, a steam heating pipe 55, a steam injection pipe 56, a water supply pipe 57, and a split cylinder 58;
a coal combustion bin 61, a coal feeding scraper 62, a slag discharging grate 63, a screw conveyor 64, a scraper conveyor 65, a blower 66 and a rotary grate 67;
a cooling air blower 71, a high-pressure spray pump 72, and a second negative pressure blower 73;
a bucket elevator 8;
vibrator 9, protection tube 91.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment discloses a granular coal body heat treatment furnace, which includes: the device comprises an upper coal bin 1, a treatment furnace body 2, a supporting cylinder 3, a spiral chute 4, a steam injection device, a heating device, a cooling component, a first negative pressure fan and a sulfur-nitrogen dust removal device;
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the treatment furnace body 2 comprises a heat-conducting cylinder 21 and a heat-insulating cylinder, the heat-conducting cylinder 21 is positioned at the inner side of the heat-insulating cylinder and is coaxial with the heat-insulating cylinder, a combustion chamber 22 is formed between the heat-insulating cylinder and the heat-conducting cylinder 21, the top end of the heat-conducting cylinder 21 is connected with an upper coal bin 1, the heat-conducting cylinder 21 is provided with a raw coal treatment inlet 211 on the connecting surface with the upper coal bin 1, the upper part of the upper coal bin 1 is provided with a coal inlet 11, the outer side of the upper coal bin 1 is provided with a heat-insulating cover 12, a coal preheating chamber 13 communicated with the combustion chamber 22 is formed between the heat-insulating cover 12 and the upper coal bin 1, the top of the coal preheating chamber 13 is provided with a smoke outlet 14, the top of the heat-conducting cylinder 21 is provided with a steam and impurity mixture outlet 212 penetrating the heat-insulating cylinder, and the steam and impurity mixture outlet 212 is externally connected with a first negative pressure fan (not shown in the figure);
in this embodiment, the heat conducting cylinder 21 is preferably a hollow cylinder structure, the heat conducting cylinder 21 is made of carbon steel plate structure with thickness of 20mm-30mm, the height of the heat conducting cylinder 21 is not less than 25m, the inner diameter of the heat conducting cylinder 21 is not less than 6m, and the heat conducting cylinder can be determined according to the use place and workload.
Optionally, the upper coal bin 1 and the heat insulation cover 12 are both conical structures, the top end of the upper coal bin 1 and the top end of the heat insulation cover 12 are combined into an integrated structure, wherein the top end of the upper coal bin 1 is of a closed structure, and the coal inlet 11 is formed in the side wall of the top of the upper coal bin 1.
Optionally, a coal feeding motor 15 is arranged at the top of the upper coal bin 1, a metering screw feeder 16 is arranged at the raw coal treatment inlet 211, the output end of the coal feeding motor 15 penetrates through the upper coal bin 1 and is in driving connection with the power input end of the metering screw feeder 16, and the total amount of raw coal before treatment can be determined through the metering screw feeder 16.
As shown in fig. 2, the bottom end of the processing furnace body 2 is connected with the top end of the supporting cylinder 3, a first funnel 311 is arranged at the joint of the processing furnace body 2 and the supporting cylinder 3, a second funnel 312 positioned below the first funnel 311 is arranged in the supporting cylinder 3, the first funnel 311, the second funnel 312 and the supporting cylinder 3 enclose a lower coal bin 31, and a belt conveyor 32 for conveying coal outwards is arranged below the lower coal bin 31;
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the heating device comprises a fuel supply assembly, a rotary grate 67, an air inlet assembly and a slag discharging assembly, wherein the rotary grate 67 is rotatably arranged at the lower part of the combustion chamber 22, the fuel supply assembly is used for supplying fuel to the rotary grate 67, the air inlet assembly is used for supplying air to the combustion chamber 22, and the slag discharging assembly is used for discharging waste slag generated by combustion of the rotary grate 67;
as shown in fig. 2, a heat insulation funnel 24 which is positioned right above the first funnel 311 and below the side of the rotary grate 67 is arranged in the heat conduction cylinder 21, a coal cooling area 213 is formed between the heat insulation funnel 24 and the first funnel 311, and a middle-temperature heat separation area 214 and a high-temperature heat separation area 215 are formed between the heat insulation funnel 24 and the raw coal treatment inlet 211 from top to bottom;
as shown in fig. 2, the spiral chute 4 is fixedly arranged in the heat conduction cylinder 21, the top end of the spiral chute 4 is communicated with the raw coal treatment inlet 211, and the bottom end of the spiral chute 4 is positioned above the coal outlet of the heat insulation funnel 24;
the steam spraying device is provided with a plurality of spray holes for spraying steam to the coal body in the spiral chute 4;
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the cooling assembly includes a cooling air blower 71, a high pressure spray pump 72, and a second negative pressure blower 73, the cooling air blower 71 spraying cool air to the coal cooling zone 213, the high pressure spray pump 72 spraying water mist to the coal cooling zone 213, the second negative pressure blower 73 for extracting a mixture of steam and impurities from the coal cooling zone 213;
the sulfur-nitrogen dust removing device is arranged outside the treatment furnace body 2, and the air inlet end of the sulfur-nitrogen dust removing device is respectively communicated with the air outlet end of the first negative pressure fan, the air outlet end of the second negative pressure fan 73 and the smoke outlet 14.
When the granular coal body heat treatment furnace provided by the application is used, granular coal bodies on the ground enter the upper coal bin 1 through the coal inlet 11 and are temporarily stored, coal bodies in the upper coal bin 1 are continuously input into the spiral chute 4 through the raw coal treatment inlet 211, the spiral chute 4 is positioned in the heat conduction cylinder 21 and horizontally faces the combustion chamber 22, the combustion chamber 22 heats the heat conduction cylinder 21 to enable the temperature in the heat conduction cylinder 21 to sequentially increase from top to bottom, when the coal bodies flow through the middle-temperature heat separation area 214, the steam injection device injects steam to the coal bodies in the middle-temperature heat separation area 214, coal dust dirt in the coal bodies is gradually separated from the coal bodies, the coal dust dirt separated from the coal bodies is sucked and lifted under the combined action of the steam of the first negative pressure fan, the coal dust dirt is lifted to the top of the heat conduction cylinder 21 and is discharged through the steam and impurity mixture outlet 212, and the coal bodies separated from the coal dust dirt begin to expand; when the coal flows through the high-temperature thermal separation zone 215, the temperature in the heat conduction cylinder 21 is continuously increased, and meanwhile, the steam injection device injects steam to the coal in the high-temperature thermal separation zone 215, at the moment, the coal is rapidly expanded, moisture in the coal is vaporized into steam, sulfur is carried out and is converged into the steam to be discharged, part of dust in the coal is also floated along with the high-temperature injected steam immediately after the steam, until the dust flows into the top of the heat conduction cylinder 21 to be discharged through the steam and impurity mixture outlet 212, and a large amount of moisture and ash in the coal are removed through the two sections of decontamination, evaporation, desulfurization and dehydration, and part of sulfur and nitrogen in the coal are carried out. When the coal body enters the coal body cooling area, under the combined action of the cooling air fan 71 and the high-pressure spray pump 72, the expanded coal body is rapidly cooled, the inner core of the coal body tissue is contracted to release sulfur, nitrogen, ash and water to separate from the coal body, and the sulfur, the nitrogen, the ash and the water are discharged out of the treatment furnace body 2 under the adsorption action of the second negative pressure fan 73, and the gas discharged through the first negative pressure fan, the smoke outlet 14 and the second negative pressure fan 73 is input into the sulfur-nitrogen dust removal device for purification after heat utilization, and after the purification, the color of the coal body is bright, various coal quality indexes are obviously improved, particularly the sulfur, the nitrogen and the water of the coal body are obviously reduced, and the purification effect is good.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the heat-insulating cylinder includes an outer heat-insulating layer 231 of reinforced concrete structure, a rock wool board heat-insulating layer 232 disposed on an upper inner periphery of the outer heat-insulating layer 231, and a high-alumina refractory brick layer 233 disposed on a lower inner periphery of the outer heat-insulating layer 231, wherein the high-alumina refractory brick layer 233 is connected to a lower end of the rock wool board heat-insulating layer 232, and the high-alumina refractory brick layer 233 can bear a high temperature generated by heat supplied by the rotary grate 67, so that heat transfer to the outer heat-insulating layer 231 is reduced.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the temperature of the intermediate temperature thermal separation zone 214 is between 300 ° and 390 °, the temperature of the high temperature thermal separation zone 215 is between 390 ° and 400 °, and the temperature of the coal cooling zone 213 is between 100 ° and 150 °. Wherein, the temperature of the middle-temperature thermal separation zone 214 and the temperature of the high-temperature thermal separation zone 215 are sequentially increased from top to bottom, and the temperature of the coal cooling zone 213 is sequentially decreased from top to bottom. The coal body thermally steamed by the granular coal body heat treatment furnace is low-volatile coal body with the volatile content lower than 20 percent.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the supporting cylinder 3 may be integrally disposed below the ground, and the top end of the supporting cylinder 3 is of an inward diameter-reducing structure, which helps to increase the supporting area of the processing furnace body 2, and further improve the stability of the processing furnace 1.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the softened water maker 51, the softened water transfer pump 52, the preheating pipe 53, the hot water pump 54, the steam injection pipe 56, the steam heating pipe 55, the water supply pipe 57, and the sub-cylinder 58;
the softened water preparation device 51, the softened water delivery pump 52, the hot water pump 54, the water supply pipe 57 and the air dividing cylinder 58 are all arranged on the outer side of the treatment furnace body 2, the preheating pipe 53 is arranged around the inner wall of the lower coal bin 31, the steam injection pipe 56 is arranged around the inner circumference of the spiral chute 4, the spray holes for injecting water steam into the spiral chute 4 are uniformly distributed on the annular wall of the steam injection pipe 56, the steam heating pipe 55 is arranged in the combustion chamber 22 in a surrounding manner, the softened water delivery pump 52 delivers the softened water prepared by the softened water preparation device 51 into the preheating pipe 53 for preheating, the hot water pump 54 delivers the preheated water in the preheating pipe 53 into the steam heating pipe 55 through the water supply pipe 57 for heat absorption, the water in the steam heating pipe 55 enters the air dividing cylinder 58 after heat absorption and vaporization, is input into the steam injection pipe 56 after being divided by the air dividing cylinder 58, and the steam is injected into the spiral chute 4 through the steam injection pipe 56.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the preheating pipe 53 is located directly below the diameter-reducing structure in the support cylinder 3 and is disposed close to the inner wall of the support cylinder 3, and this design can avoid the preheating pipe 53 from being impacted by the downward coal body.
Optionally, at least one preheating tube 53 is preferred, and the more the number of preheating tubes 53, the stronger the heat absorbing capacity, and the plurality of preheating tubes 53 are wound on the inner wall of the supporting cylinder, so as to help to increase the heat absorbing area of the preheating tubes 53, and further improve the heat absorbing performance of the preheating tubes 53.
Optionally, at least one steam heating tube 55 is wound in the combustion chamber 22, and preferably, the steam heating tubes 55 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the preheating tubes 53.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, the number of the steam injection pipes 56 is four, and the steam injection pipes 56 are uniformly arranged on the inner circle of the spiral chute 4 around the central axis of the spiral chute 4, wherein the injection holes of two steam injection pipes 56 are located in the middle-temperature heat separation area 214, the injection holes of the other two steam injection pipes 56 are located in the high-temperature heat separation area 215, and the injection holes of the steam injection pipes 56 are provided with nozzles for injecting steam into the coal body in the spiral chute 4.
In this embodiment, the smoke outlet 14 is externally connected with a third negative pressure fan, and the air outlet end of the third negative pressure fan is communicated with the air inlet end of the sulfur-nitrogen dust removing device, so that the smoke at the top of the raw coal preheating bin can be rapidly discharged through the third negative pressure fan.
As shown in fig. 3, the cooling assembly further includes a plurality of natural air inlets 217 uniformly disposed around the bottom circumference of the coal cooling area 213 and communicated with the coal cooling area 213, and an air filter is connected to an air inlet end of each natural air inlet 217, and the air filter is preferably an external dustproof shutter and an internal dustproof screen window.
In the present embodiment, an air cooler is connected to the air inlet end of the cooling air blower 71, and low-temperature gas is supplied to the cooling air blower 71 through the air cooler.
The air inlet assembly comprises a plurality of air blowers 66 which are arranged at the lower part of the processing furnace body 2 and supply air to the rotary grate 67, preferably, eight air blowers 66 are uniformly arranged around the circumference of the heat conducting cylinder 21, and the plurality of air blowers 66 are arranged to help improve the combustion efficiency of fuel coal.
In an optional embodiment of the present application, the device further comprises a bucket coal lifting bin and a bucket elevator 8, wherein the bucket coal lifting bin and the bucket elevator 8 are both arranged on the outer side of the processing furnace body 2, and coal in the bucket coal lifting bin is input into the upper coal bin 1 through the bucket elevator 8.
The mixture of steam and impurities extracted by the second negative pressure fan 73 is firstly input into the interlayer of the bucket coal extraction bin to preheat the coal body in the bucket coal extraction bin, and then is input into the sulfur-nitrogen dust removal device.
In this embodiment, the fuel supply assembly comprises a coal bunker 61 and an upper coal scraper 62, the coal bunker 61 is arranged on the ground, and the coal fuel in the coal bunker 61 is conveyed to a rotary grate 67 for combustion through the upper coal scraper 62, and the rotary grate 67 is driven by a turbine arranged outside the processing furnace body 2.
In this embodiment, the slag discharging assembly includes a slag discharging grate 63, a screw conveyor 64 and a scraper conveyor 65, the slag discharging grate 63 is rotatably disposed under the rotary grate 67, preferably, the slag discharging grate 63 is driven to rotate by a turbine, the scraper conveyor 65 is disposed on the ground, a feed inlet of the screw conveyor 64 is communicated with a discharge outlet of the slag discharging grate 63, a discharge outlet of the screw conveyor 64 is disposed right above the scraper conveyor 65, slag generated by the rotary grate 67 naturally falls onto the slag discharging grate 63, and the slag discharging grate 63 rotates to input the slag of the slag discharging grate 63 into the screw conveyor 64, and the slag is conveyed to the scraper conveyor 65 by the screw conveyor 64 to be discharged to a designated position.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the coal dropping openings of the first funnel 311 and the second funnel 312 are both provided with a control valve 313, the control valve 313 is preferably an electric slide valve, the coal dropping opening of the first funnel 311 is further provided with a metering screw discharger 314, the clean coal amount can be determined by the metering screw discharger 314, and the clean rate of the coal body can be calculated by matching with the metering screw feeder 16.
In this application an optional embodiment, still include a plurality of vibrators 9, a plurality of radial through-holes have been seted up to the treatment furnace, protection tube 91 has all been installed to every radial through-hole, the outside of radial through-hole is located to the electric portion that connects of vibrator 9, vibrator 9's vibrating portion stretches out from protection tube 91 and contradicts at the outward flange portion of spiral chute 4 or contradicts at the connecting portion of spiral chute 4 and heat conduction barrel 1, optional vibrator 9 is two rows, and set up along the axis symmetry of treatment furnace, vibrator 9 microvibration can prevent that the coal body in the spiral chute 4 from taking place to block up.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the outer side of the middle lower portion of the processing furnace body 2 is provided with a maintenance platform 25, the maintenance platform 25 can be used for conveniently maintaining the heat supply device, the maintenance platform 25 is provided with a fire viewing hole 216, and the combustion condition of the rotary grate 67 can be observed through the fire viewing hole 216.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the sulfur-nitrogen dust removing device includes a dust remover and a condenser, the mixture of the gas and the impurities discharged by the first negative pressure fan, the second negative pressure fan 73 and the third negative pressure fan can be firstly utilized by heat, then filtered by the dust remover, and then enters the condenser to be liquefied, sulfur dioxide formed by the liquefaction is dissolved into water to generate sulfurous acid, and the sulfurous acid is further oxidized under the condition pm 2.5.
In summary, the granular coal body heat treatment furnace provided by the application firstly heats the coal body at high temperature to expand the coal body and dirt, sulfur, nitrogen and ash in the coal body, and meanwhile, under the injection action of high-temperature steam, part of sulfur, nitrogen and ash in the coal body are taken away by the rising of the steam; then under the combined action of the cooling air blower 71 and the high-pressure spray pump 72, the expanded coal body is rapidly cooled, the inner core of the coal body tissue is contracted to release sulfur, nitrogen, ash and water to separate from the coal body, and the sulfur-nitrogen dust removal device is input under the adsorption action of the second negative pressure blower 73, so that the coal washing mode reduces the use amount of water, saves water resources, is beneficial to coal washing in the places with water shortage, and is suitable for the existing various coal bodies.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention. The technology, shape, and construction parts of the present invention, which are not described in detail, are known in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A granular coal body heat treatment furnace, comprising: the device comprises an upper coal bin (1), a treatment furnace body (2), a supporting cylinder body (3), a spiral chute (4), a steam injection device, a heating device, a cooling assembly, a first negative pressure fan and a sulfur-nitrogen dust removal device;
the treatment furnace body (2) comprises a heat-conducting cylinder body (21) and a heat-insulating cylinder body, wherein the heat-conducting cylinder body (21) is positioned at the inner side of the heat-insulating cylinder body and is coaxial with the heat-insulating cylinder body, a combustion chamber (22) is formed between the heat-insulating cylinder body and the heat-conducting cylinder body (21), the top end of the heat-conducting cylinder body (21) is connected with an upper coal bin (1), a raw coal treatment inlet (211) is formed in the connection surface of the heat-conducting cylinder body (21) and the upper coal bin (1), a coal inlet (11) is formed in the upper part of the upper coal bin (1), a heat-insulating cover (12) is arranged at the outer side of the upper coal bin (1), a coal preheating chamber (13) communicated with the combustion chamber (22) is formed between the heat-insulating cover (12) and the upper coal bin (1), a smoke outlet (14) is formed at the top of the coal preheating chamber (13), a steam and impurity mixture outlet (212) penetrating the heat-conducting cylinder body is formed at the top of the heat-conducting cylinder body (21), and a first negative pressure fan is externally connected with the steam and impurity mixture outlet (212);
the bottom end of the treatment furnace body (2) is connected with the top end of the supporting cylinder body (3), a first funnel (311) is arranged at the joint of the treatment furnace body (2) and the supporting cylinder body (3), a second funnel (312) positioned below the first funnel (311) is arranged in the supporting cylinder body (3), a lower coal bin (31) is formed by enclosing the first funnel (311), the second funnel (312) and the supporting cylinder body (3), and a belt conveyor (32) for conveying coal outwards is arranged below the lower coal bin (31);
the heat supply device comprises a fuel supply assembly, a rotary grate (67), an air inlet assembly and a slag discharge assembly, wherein the rotary grate (67) is rotatably arranged at the lower part of the combustion chamber (22), the fuel supply assembly is used for supplying fuel to the rotary grate (67), the air inlet assembly is used for supplying air to the combustion chamber (22), and the slag discharge assembly is used for discharging waste slag generated by combustion of the rotary grate (67);
a heat insulation funnel (24) which is positioned right above the first funnel (311) and is positioned below the side of the rotary grate (67) is arranged in the heat conduction cylinder (21), a coal cooling zone (213) is formed between the heat insulation funnel (24) and the first funnel (311), a middle-temperature heat separation zone (214) and a middle-temperature heat separation zone (215) are formed between the heat insulation funnel (24) and the raw coal treatment inlet (211) from top to bottom, wherein the temperature of the middle-temperature heat separation zone (214) is 300-390 ℃, and the temperature of the middle-temperature heat separation zone (215) is 390-400 ℃;
the spiral chute (4) is fixedly arranged in the heat conduction cylinder (21), the top end of the spiral chute (4) is communicated with the raw coal treatment inlet (211), and the bottom end of the spiral chute (4) is positioned above a coal outlet of the heat insulation funnel (24);
the steam spraying device is provided with a plurality of spray holes for spraying steam to the coal body in the spiral chute (4);
the cooling assembly comprises a cooling air blower (71), a high-pressure spray pump (72) and a second negative pressure blower (73), wherein the cooling air blower (71) sprays cold air to a coal body cooling zone (213), the high-pressure spray pump (72) sprays water mist to the coal body cooling zone (213), and the second negative pressure blower (73) is used for extracting a mixture of steam and impurities in the coal body cooling zone (213);
the sulfur-nitrogen dust removal device is arranged outside the treatment furnace body (2), and the air inlet end of the sulfur-nitrogen dust removal device is respectively communicated with the air outlet end of the first negative pressure fan, the air outlet end of the second negative pressure fan (73) and the smoke outlet (14).
2. A granular coal heat treatment furnace as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the heat preservation barrel comprises an outer heat preservation layer (231) of a reinforced concrete structure, a rock wool board heat preservation layer (232) arranged on the inner periphery of the upper portion of the outer heat preservation layer (231) and a high-alumina refractory brick layer (233) arranged on the inner periphery of the lower portion of the outer heat preservation layer (231), and the lower-end high-alumina refractory brick layer (233) of the rock wool board heat preservation layer (232) is connected.
3. A granular coal body heat treatment furnace according to claim 2, characterised in that the temperature of the coal body cooling zone (213) is between 100 ° and 150 °.
4. A granular coal heat treatment furnace as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the steam spraying apparatus includes: a softened water preparation device (51), a softened water delivery pump (52), a preheating pipe (53), a hot water pump (54), a steam injection pipe (56), a steam heating pipe (55), a water supply pipe (57) and a split cylinder (58);
the device comprises a softened water preparation device (51), a softened water delivery pump (52), a hot water pump (54), an upper water pipe (57) and a gas dividing cylinder (58), wherein the softened water delivery pump (52), the upper water pipe (57) and the gas dividing cylinder (58) are all arranged on the outer side of a treatment furnace body (2), the preheating pipe (53) is arranged on the inner wall of a lower coal bunker (31) in a surrounding mode, the gas spraying pipe (56) is arranged around the inner circumference of a spiral chute (4), spray holes for spraying water vapor into the spiral chute (4) are uniformly distributed on the annular wall of the gas spraying pipe (56), the gas heating pipe (55) is arranged in the combustion chamber (22) in a surrounding mode, the softened water prepared by the softened water preparation device (51) is delivered into the preheating pipe (53) by the softened water delivery pump (52), the preheated water in the preheating pipe (53) is delivered into the gas heating pipe (55) through the upper water pipe (57) to absorb heat, the water in the gas dividing cylinder (58) is gasified, and then enters the gas dividing cylinder (56) after being divided into the gas, and the gas spraying pipe (56) through the gas dividing cylinder (58) and the gas is sprayed into the gas spraying pipe (56).
5. The granular coal body heat treatment furnace according to claim 4, wherein the smoke outlet (14) is externally connected with a third negative pressure fan, and the air outlet end of the third negative pressure fan is communicated with the air inlet end of the sulfur-nitrogen dust removal device.
6. A granular coal body heat treatment furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cooling assembly further comprises a plurality of natural air inlets (217) which are circumferentially and uniformly arranged around the bottom of the coal body cooling zone (213) and are communicated with the coal body cooling zone (213), and an air filter is connected to the air inlet end of each natural air inlet (217).
7. A granular coal heat treatment furnace as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the air intake assembly comprises a plurality of blowers (66) arranged in the lower part of the furnace body (2) and supplying air to the rotary grate (67).
8. A granular coal body heat treatment furnace according to claim 1, characterised in that the air inlet end of the cooling fan (71) is connected with an air cooler.
9. The granular coal body heat treatment furnace according to claim 1, further comprising a bucket coal lifting bin and a bucket elevator (8), wherein the bucket coal lifting bin and the bucket elevator (8) are arranged on the outer side of the treatment furnace body (2), and coal bodies in the bucket coal lifting bin are input into the upper coal bin (1) through the bucket elevator (8).
10. A granular coal body heat treatment furnace according to claim 2, wherein the mixture of steam and impurities extracted by the second negative pressure fan (73) is firstly fed into the interlayer of the bucket coal lifting bin to preheat the coal body in the bucket coal lifting bin, and then fed into the sulfur-nitrogen dust removal device.
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