CN114317056A - Granular coal heat treatment furnace - Google Patents
Granular coal heat treatment furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN114317056A CN114317056A CN202210134003.9A CN202210134003A CN114317056A CN 114317056 A CN114317056 A CN 114317056A CN 202210134003 A CN202210134003 A CN 202210134003A CN 114317056 A CN114317056 A CN 114317056A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 275
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006244 Medium Thermal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a granular coal heat treatment furnace, which comprises a coal feeding bin, a treatment furnace body, a supporting cylinder body, a spiral chute, a steam injection device, a heat supply device, a cooling assembly, a first negative pressure fan and a sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device, wherein the coal feeding bin is arranged on the coal feeding bin; when the coal body passes through a medium-temperature thermal separation zone, the coal dust dirt is separated from the coal body and begins to expand, the expanded coal dust dirt rises to an outlet of a mixture of steam and impurities and is discharged, when the coal body passes through a high-temperature thermal separation zone, the coal body rapidly expands, moisture in the coal body is vaporized into steam, sulfur is carried out and is merged in the steam and discharged, a part of dust in the coal body is also closely followed and then floats upwards to an outlet of the mixture of the steam and the impurities along with the steam and is discharged, when the coal body enters a coal body cooling zone, the expanded coal body is rapidly cooled, a coal body tissue inner core is contracted to release sulfur, nitrogen, ash and water to be separated from the coal body and is discharged under the action of a second negative pressure fan, and after the purification, the coal body is bright in color and luster, and various coal quality indexes are remarkably improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal body purification, in particular to a granular coal body heat treatment furnace.
Background
Coal washing is an indispensable procedure for coal deep processing, coal directly mined from a mine is called raw coal, a plurality of impurities are mixed in the raw coal during mining, the quality of the coal is different, and the coal with small internal ash content and the coal with large internal ash content are mixed together. Coal washing is an industrial process for removing impurities in raw coal or classifying high-quality coal and low-quality coal. The products produced after the coal washing process are generally divided into gangue, middling coal, second-grade clean coal and first-grade clean coal, the finished coal after the coal washing process is generally called clean coal, the coal transportation cost can be reduced and the utilization rate of the coal can be improved through coal washing, the clean coal is an energy source which can be generally used as fuel, the clean coal of bituminous coal is generally mainly used for coking, and the industrial processes of desulfurization, impurity removal and the like are required to achieve the standard for coking.
At present, when coal washing equipment washes coal, methods such as water desulphurization and ultrasonic desulphurization are generally used, sulfur-containing gas generated by ultrasonic desulphurization is directly discharged into air, air pollution and poisoning are easy to occur, the ultrasonic desulphurization effect is single, coal dust floating is easy to generate in the process, and dust explosion and other events are possible to generate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a granular coal heat treatment furnace which can be used for desulfurizing, denitriding, reducing ash content and reducing water content of granular coal so as to effectively improve the quality of the coal.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a granular coal heat treatment furnace, including: the device comprises a coal feeding bin, a treatment furnace body, a supporting cylinder body, a spiral chute, a steam injection device, a heat supply device, a cooling assembly, a first negative pressure fan and a sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device;
the treatment furnace body comprises a heat-conducting cylinder and a heat-insulating cylinder, the heat-conducting cylinder is positioned on the inner side of the heat-insulating cylinder and is coaxial with the heat-insulating cylinder, a combustion cavity is formed between the heat-conducting cylinder and the heat-conducting cylinder, the top end of the heat-conducting cylinder is connected with an upper coal bunker, a raw coal treatment inlet is formed in the connection surface of the heat-conducting cylinder and the upper coal bunker, a coal inlet is formed in the upper part of the upper coal bunker, a heat-insulating cover is arranged on the outer side of the upper coal bunker, a coal preheating cavity communicated with the combustion cavity is formed between the heat-insulating cover and the upper coal bunker, a smoke outlet is formed in the top of the coal preheating cavity, a steam and impurity mixture outlet penetrating through the heat-insulating cylinder is formed in the top of the heat-conducting cylinder, and a first negative pressure fan is externally connected with the steam and impurity mixture outlet;
the bottom end of the treatment furnace body is connected with the top end of the supporting barrel, a first funnel is arranged at the joint of the treatment furnace body and the supporting barrel, a second funnel positioned below the first funnel is arranged in the supporting barrel, a lower coal bunker is enclosed by the first funnel, the second funnel and the supporting barrel, and a belt conveyor for conveying coal outwards is arranged below the lower coal bunker;
the heat supply device comprises a fuel supply assembly, a rotating grate, an air inlet assembly and a slag discharging assembly, wherein the rotating grate is rotatably arranged at the lower part of the combustion chamber, the fuel supply assembly is used for supplying fuel to the rotating grate, the air inlet assembly is used for supplying air to the combustion chamber, and the slag discharging assembly is used for discharging waste slag generated by combustion of the rotating grate;
a heat insulation funnel which is positioned right above the first funnel and positioned below the rotary grate is arranged in the heat conduction cylinder, a coal body cooling area is formed between the heat insulation funnel and the first funnel, and a medium-temperature heat separation area and a high-temperature heat separation area are formed between the heat insulation funnel and the raw coal treatment inlet from top to bottom;
the spiral chute is fixedly arranged in the heat conducting cylinder, the top end of the spiral chute is communicated with the raw coal processing inlet, and the bottom end of the spiral chute is positioned above the coal outlet of the heat insulation funnel;
the steam injection device is provided with a plurality of injection holes for injecting steam to the coal in the spiral chute;
the cooling assembly comprises a cooling air fan, a high-pressure spray pump and a second negative pressure fan, the cooling air fan sprays cold air to the coal body cooling area, the high-pressure spray pump sprays water mist to the coal body cooling area, and the second negative pressure fan is used for pumping out a mixture of steam and impurities in the coal body cooling area;
the sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device is arranged outside the treatment furnace body, and the air inlet end of the sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device is respectively communicated with the air outlet end of the first negative pressure air fan, the air outlet end of the second negative pressure air fan and the smoke outlet.
When the granular coal heat treatment furnace provided by the application is used, granular coal on the ground enters the upper coal bin through the coal inlet for temporary storage, the coal in the upper coal bin is continuously input into the spiral chute through the raw coal treatment inlet, the spiral chute is positioned in the heat conduction cylinder and is horizontally opposite to the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber is heated to enable the temperature in the heat conduction cylinder to be sequentially increased from top to bottom, when the coal flows through the medium-temperature heat separation zone, the steam injection device simultaneously injects steam to the coal in the medium-temperature heat separation zone, coal dust dirt in the coal gradually separates from the coal, the coal dust dirt separated from the coal is attracted by negative pressure of the first negative pressure fan and acted by the rising steam, the coal dust dirt rises to the top of the heat conduction cylinder and is discharged through the steam and impurity mixture outlet, and the coal body separated from the coal dust dirt begins to expand; when the coal flows through the high-temperature thermal separation area, because the temperature in the heat conduction cylinder continuously rises, and the steam injection device injects steam to the coal in the high-temperature thermal separation area, at the same time, the coal expands rapidly, moisture in the coal is vaporized into steam, sulfur is carried out, and the steam is merged and discharged in the steam, a part of dust in the coal also floats up with the steam jetted at high temperature immediately after the steam, until the dust flows into the top of the heat conduction cylinder and is discharged through a steam and impurity mixture outlet, and the coal is subjected to decontamination, evaporation, desulfurization and dehydration through the two sections, so that a large amount of moisture and ash in the coal are removed, and a part of sulfur and nitrogen in the coal are carried out at the same time. When coal enters a coal cooling zone, the expanded coal is rapidly cooled under the combined action of a cooling air fan and a high-pressure spray pump, the inner core of the coal tissue is contracted to release sulfur, nitrogen, ash and water to be separated from the coal, the coal is discharged out of a treatment furnace body under the adsorption action of a second negative pressure fan, the gas discharged by the first negative pressure fan, a smoke dust outlet and the second negative pressure fan is input into a sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device for purification after heat utilization, the coal is bright in color and luster after purification, various coal quality indexes are remarkably improved, particularly sulfur, nitrogen and water in the coal are remarkably reduced, and the coal has a good purification effect.
For better realizing the technical scheme, preferably, the heat-insulating cylinder body comprises an outer heat-insulating layer of a reinforced concrete structure, a rock wool board heat-insulating layer arranged on the inner periphery of the upper part of the outer heat-insulating layer and a high-alumina refractory brick layer arranged on the inner periphery of the lower part of the outer heat-insulating layer, wherein the high-alumina refractory brick layers at the lower ends of the rock wool board heat-insulating layer are connected.
Preferably, the temperature of the medium-temperature thermal separation zone is between 300 and 390 degrees, the temperature of the high-temperature thermal separation zone is between 390 and 400 degrees, and the temperature of the coal cooling zone is between 100 and 150 degrees.
Preferably, the steam injection device includes: the device comprises a softened water preparation device, a softened water delivery pump, a preheating pipe, a hot water pump, a steam injection pipe, a steam heating pipe, a water feeding pipe and a gas distribution cylinder; the softened water preparation device, the softened water delivery pump, the hot water pump, the water feeding pipe and the steam distributing cylinder are all arranged on the outer side of the treatment furnace body, the preheating pipe is arranged on the inner wall of the lower coal bunker in a surrounding mode, the steam injection pipe is arranged around the inner circumference of the spiral chute, spray holes for injecting steam into the spiral chute are evenly distributed on the annular wall of the steam injection pipe, the steam heating pipe is arranged in the combustion cavity in a surrounding mode, the softened water prepared by the softened water preparation device is conveyed into the preheating pipe by the softened water delivery pump to be preheated, the preheated water by the preheating pipe is conveyed into the steam heating pipe by the hot water pump through the water feeding pipe to absorb heat, the water in the steam heating pipe is evaporated in the steam distributing cylinder and then is input into the steam injection pipe after being distributed by the steam distributing cylinder, and steam is sprayed to the spiral chute through the steam injection pipe.
Preferably, the smoke outlet is externally connected with a third negative pressure fan, and the air outlet end of the third negative pressure fan is communicated with the air inlet end of the sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device.
Preferably, the cooling module further comprises a plurality of natural air inlets which are circumferentially and uniformly arranged around the bottom of the coal cooling area and are communicated with the coal cooling area, and an air inlet end of each natural air inlet is connected with an air filter.
Preferably, the air intake assembly includes a plurality of blowers provided at a lower portion of the treatment furnace body and supplying air to the rotary grate.
Preferably, the air inlet end of the cooling air fan is connected with an air cooler.
Preferably, the coal processing furnace further comprises a bucket coal lifting bin and a bucket elevator, wherein the bucket coal lifting bin and the bucket elevator are both arranged on the outer side of the processing furnace body, and coal in the bucket coal lifting bin is input into the upper coal bin through the bucket elevator.
Preferably, the mixture of the steam and the impurities pumped by the second negative pressure fan is firstly input into an interlayer of the bucket coal lifting bin to preheat coal in the bucket coal lifting bin, and then input into the sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device.
Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic external view of a furnace for heat-treating a granulated coal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the blower and second suction air blower arrangement of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic layout of the cooling air blower and the high-pressure spray pump in FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the steam injection pipe and the heat insulation funnel.
In the drawings, there is shown in the drawings,
the coal feeding device comprises a coal feeding bin 1, a coal inlet 11, a heat insulation cover 12, a coal body preheating cavity 13, a smoke outlet 14, a coal feeding motor 15 and a metering screw feeder 16;
the device comprises a treatment furnace body 2, a heat conduction cylinder body 21, a raw coal treatment inlet 211, a steam and impurity mixture outlet 212, a coal cooling area 213, a medium-temperature heat separation area 214, a high-temperature heat separation area 215, a fire observation hole 216, a natural air inlet 217, a combustion chamber 22, an external heat insulation layer 231, a rock wool board heat insulation layer 232, a high-alumina refractory brick layer 233, a heat insulation funnel 24 and an overhaul platform 25;
the device comprises a support cylinder 3, a lower coal bin 31, a first hopper 311, a second hopper 312, a control valve 313, a belt conveyor 32 and a metering spiral discharger 314;
a spiral chute 4;
a softened water preparation device 51, a softened water delivery pump 52, a preheating pipe 53, a hot water pump 54, a steam heating pipe 55, a steam injection pipe 56, a water feeding pipe 57 and a gas distribution cylinder 58;
a coal burning bin 61, a coal feeding scraper machine 62, a slag discharging grate 63, a spiral conveyor 64, a scraper conveyor 65, a blower 66 and a rotary grate 67;
a cooling air blower 71, a high-pressure spray pump 72, and a second negative pressure air blower 73;
a bucket elevator 8;
the vibrator 9 and a protection pipe 91.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment discloses a granular coal heat treatment furnace, which includes: the device comprises an upper coal bunker 1, a treatment furnace body 2, a support cylinder 3, a spiral chute 4, a steam injection device, a heat supply device, a cooling assembly, a first negative pressure fan and a sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device;
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the processing furnace body 2 comprises a heat-conducting cylinder 21 and a heat-insulating cylinder, the heat-conducting cylinder 21 is positioned at the inner side of the heat-insulating cylinder and is coaxial with the heat-insulating cylinder, a combustion chamber 22 is formed between the heat-conducting cylinder and the heat-conducting cylinder 21, the top end of the heat-conducting cylinder 21 is connected with an upper coal bunker 1, a raw coal processing inlet 211 is arranged on the connection surface of the heat-conducting cylinder 21 and the upper coal bunker 1, a coal inlet 11 is arranged at the upper part of the upper coal bunker 1, a heat-insulating cover 12 is arranged at the outer side of the upper coal bunker 1, a coal preheating chamber 13 communicated with the combustion chamber 22 is formed between the heat-insulating cover 12 and the upper coal bunker 1, a smoke outlet 14 is arranged at the top of the coal preheating chamber 13, a steam and impurity mixture outlet 212 penetrating through the heat-insulating cylinder is arranged at the top of the heat-conducting cylinder 21, and the steam and impurity mixture outlet 212 is externally connected with a first fan (not shown in the figure);
in the embodiment, the heat-conducting cylinder 21 is preferably a hollow cylinder structure, the heat-conducting cylinder 21 is made of a carbon steel plate structure with a thickness of 20mm-30mm, the height of the heat-conducting cylinder 21 is not less than 25m, and the inner diameter of the heat-conducting cylinder 21 is not less than 6m, which can be determined according to the use place and the workload.
Optionally, the upper coal bunker 1 and the heat-insulating cover 12 are both conical structures, the top end of the upper coal bunker 1 and the top end of the heat-insulating cover 12 are combined into an integral structure, the top end of the upper coal bunker 1 is of a closed structure, and the coal inlet 11 is formed in the side wall of the top of the upper coal bunker 1.
Optionally, a coal feeding motor 15 is arranged at the top of the coal feeding bin 1, a metering screw feeder 16 is arranged at the raw coal processing inlet 211, an output end of the coal feeding motor 15 penetrates through the coal feeding bin 1 to be in driving connection with a power input end of the metering screw feeder 16, and the total amount of the raw coal before processing can be determined through the metering screw feeder 16.
As shown in fig. 2, the bottom end of the processing furnace body 2 is connected with the top end of the supporting cylinder 3, a first funnel 311 is arranged at the connection position of the processing furnace body 2 and the supporting cylinder 3, a second funnel 312 positioned below the first funnel 311 is arranged in the supporting cylinder 3, the first funnel 311, the second funnel 312 and the supporting cylinder 3 enclose a lower coal bunker 31, and a belt conveyor 32 for conveying coal outwards is arranged below the lower coal bunker 31;
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the heating apparatus includes a fuel supply assembly, a rotary grate 67, an air intake assembly and a slag discharge assembly, wherein the rotary grate 67 is rotatably disposed at the lower portion of the combustion chamber 22, the fuel supply assembly is used for supplying fuel to the rotary grate 67, the air intake assembly is used for supplying air to the combustion chamber 22, and the slag discharge assembly is used for discharging waste slag generated by combustion of the rotary grate 67;
as shown in fig. 2, a heat insulation funnel 24 located right above the first funnel 311 and located below the side of the rotary grate 67 is disposed in the heat conduction cylinder 21, a coal cooling region 213 is formed between the heat insulation funnel 24 and the first funnel 311, and a medium temperature heat separation region 214 and a high temperature heat separation region 215 are formed between the heat insulation funnel 24 and the raw coal processing inlet 211 from top to bottom;
as shown in fig. 2, the spiral chute 4 is fixedly arranged in the heat-conducting cylinder 21, the top end of the spiral chute 4 is communicated with the raw coal processing inlet 211, and the bottom end of the spiral chute 4 is positioned above the coal outlet of the heat-insulating funnel 24;
the steam injection device is provided with a plurality of injection holes for injecting steam to the coal in the spiral chute 4;
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the cooling assembly includes a cooling air blower 71, a high-pressure spray pump 72 and a second negative pressure air blower 73, the cooling air blower 71 sprays cold air to the coal cooling area 213, the high-pressure spray pump 72 sprays water mist to the coal cooling area 213, and the second negative pressure air blower 73 is used for pumping out a mixture of steam and impurities in the coal cooling area 213;
the sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device is arranged outside the treatment furnace body 2, and the air inlet end of the sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device is respectively communicated with the air outlet end of the first negative pressure fan, the air outlet end of the second negative pressure fan 73 and the smoke outlet 14.
When the granular coal heat treatment furnace provided by the application is used, the granular coal on the ground enters the upper coal bunker 1 through the coal inlet 11 for temporary storage, the coal in the upper coal bunker 1 is continuously input into the spiral chute 4 through the raw coal treatment inlet 211, and the spiral chute 4 is positioned in the heat conduction cylinder 21, and is horizontally opposite to the combustion chamber 22, the combustion chamber 22 is heated to make the temperature in the heat-conducting cylinder 21 gradually increase from top to bottom, when the coal flows through the medium-temperature heat separation zone 214, meanwhile, the steam injection device injects steam to the coal body in the medium-temperature thermal separation zone 214, the coal dust dirt in the coal body gradually separates from the coal body, the coal dust dirt separating from the coal body is subjected to the combined action of negative pressure suction of the first negative pressure fan and rising steam, the coal dust dirt rises to the top of the heat conduction cylinder 21 and is discharged through the steam and impurity mixture outlet 212, and the coal body separated from the coal dust dirt begins to expand; when the coal flows through the high-temperature thermal separation area 215, because the temperature in the heat-conducting cylinder 21 continuously rises, and the steam injection device injects steam to the coal in the high-temperature thermal separation area 215, at the same time, the coal expands rapidly, moisture in the coal is vaporized into steam, sulfur is carried out, and the steam is merged into the steam to be discharged, a part of dust in the coal also floats upwards along with the steam injected at high temperature until the dust flows into the top of the heat-conducting cylinder 21 and is discharged through the steam and impurity mixture outlet 212, and the coal is subjected to the two sections of decontamination, evaporation, desulfurization and dehydration, so that a large amount of moisture and ash in the coal is removed, and a part of sulfur and nitrogen in the coal are carried out. When coal enters a coal cooling zone, the expanded coal is rapidly cooled under the combined action of the cooling air fan 71 and the high-pressure spray pump 72, the inner core of the coal tissue shrinks to release sulfur, nitrogen, ash and water to be separated from the coal, the coal is discharged out of the treatment furnace body 2 under the adsorption action of the second negative pressure fan 73, the gas discharged through the first negative pressure fan, the smoke outlet 14 and the second negative pressure fan 73 is input into a sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device for purification after heat utilization, the coal is bright in color and luster after purification, various coal indexes are remarkably improved, particularly sulfur, nitrogen and water in the coal are remarkably reduced, and the coal has a good purification effect.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the heat-insulating cylinder includes an external heat-insulating layer 231 of a reinforced concrete structure, a rock wool board heat-insulating layer 232 disposed on an upper inner periphery of the external heat-insulating layer 231, and a high alumina firebrick layer 233 disposed on a lower inner periphery of the external heat-insulating layer 231, wherein the high alumina firebrick layer 233 is connected to a lower end of the rock wool board heat-insulating layer 232, and the high alumina firebrick layer 233 can bear a high temperature generated by heat supply of the rotating grate 67, thereby reducing heat transfer to the external heat-insulating layer 231.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the temperature of the medium thermal separation zone 214 is between 300 ° and 390 °, the temperature of the high thermal separation zone 215 is between 390 ° and 400 °, and the temperature of the coal cooling zone 213 is between 100 ° and 150 °. The temperatures of the medium-temperature thermal separation zone 214 and the high-temperature thermal separation zone 215 are both increased from top to bottom, and the temperature of the coal cooling zone 213 is decreased from top to bottom. The coal body thermally steamed by the granular coal body heat treatment furnace is a low-volatile coal body with the volatile content of less than 20 percent.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the supporting cylinder 3 may be integrally disposed below the ground, and the top end of the supporting cylinder 3 is in an inward reducing structure, which helps to increase the supporting area of the treating furnace body 2, thereby improving the stability of the treating furnace 1.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the softened water preparation device 51, the softened water delivery pump 52, the preheating pipe 53, the hot water pump 54, the steam injection pipe 56, the steam heating pipe 55, the water supply pipe 57 and the gas distribution cylinder 58;
the softened water preparation device 51, the softened water delivery pump 52, the hot water pump 54, the water feeding pipe 57 and the air distributing cylinder 58 are all arranged on the outer side of the treatment furnace body 2, the preheating pipe 53 is circumferentially provided to the inner wall of the lower coal bunker 31, the steam injection pipe 56 is provided around the inner circumference of the spiral chute 4, and the annular wall of the steam injection pipe 56 is uniformly distributed with spray holes for injecting water vapor into the spiral chute 4, the steam heating pipe 55 is arranged in the combustion chamber 22 in a surrounding manner, the softened water delivery pump 52 delivers the softened water prepared by the softened water preparation device 51 to the preheating pipe 53 for preheating, the hot water pump 54 delivers the water preheated by the preheating pipe 53 to the steam heating pipe 55 through the water supply pipe 57 for heat absorption, the water in the steam heating pipe 55 absorbs heat and is vaporized, then enters the branch cylinder 58, is split by the branch cylinder 58 and then is input into the steam injection pipe 56, and the steam is injected into the spiral chute 4 through the steam injection pipe 56.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the preheating pipe 53 is located right below the reducing structure in the supporting cylinder 3 and is disposed closely to the inner wall of the supporting cylinder 3, and this design can prevent the preheating pipe 53 from being impacted by the downward coal.
Optionally, there is at least one preheating pipe 53, and preferably a plurality of preheating pipes 53, the larger the number of preheating pipes 53 is, the stronger the heat absorption capacity is, the plurality of preheating pipes 53 are wound on the inner wall of the support cylinder, which is helpful to increase the heat absorption area of the preheating pipes 53, and further improve the heat absorption performance of the preheating pipes 53.
Optionally, at least one steam heating pipe 55 is wound in the combustion chamber 22, and preferably, the steam heating pipes 55 and the preheating pipes 53 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.
Optionally, there are a plurality of steam injection pipes 56, as shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, four steam injection pipes 56 are uniformly arranged on the inner circle of the spiral chute 4 around the central axis of the spiral chute 4, wherein the injection holes of two steam injection pipes 56 are located in the intermediate temperature thermal separation zone 214, the injection holes of the other two steam injection pipes 56 are located in the high temperature thermal separation zone 215, and the injection holes of the steam injection pipes 56 are provided with nozzles for injecting steam to the coal in the spiral chute 4.
In this embodiment, the smoke outlet 14 is externally connected with a third negative pressure fan, an air outlet end of the third negative pressure fan is communicated with an air inlet end of the sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device, and smoke at the top of the raw coal preheating bin can be rapidly discharged through the third negative pressure fan.
As shown in fig. 3, the cooling module further includes a plurality of natural air inlets 217 uniformly arranged around the bottom of the coal cooling area 213 in the circumferential direction and communicated with the coal cooling area 213, an air filter is connected to an air inlet end of each natural air inlet 217, and the air filter is preferably an external dustproof shutter and an internal dustproof screen window.
In the present embodiment, an air cooler is connected to an air inlet end of the cooling air blower 71, and low-temperature gas is supplied to the cooling air blower 71 through the air cooler.
The air intake assembly includes a plurality of air blowers 66 disposed at a lower portion of the processing furnace body 2 and supplying air to the rotary grate 67, and preferably eight air blowers 66 are disposed uniformly around the circumference of the heat transfer cylinder 21, and the plurality of air blowers 66 are provided to contribute to the improvement of the efficiency of the combustion of the fuel coal.
In an optional embodiment of this application, still include bucket coal bin and bucket elevator 8, bucket coal bin and bucket elevator 8 all locate the outside of handling furnace body 2, the coal body in the bucket coal bin is inputed to last coal bin 1 through bucket elevator 8.
The mixture of steam and impurities pumped by the second negative pressure fan 73 is firstly input into the interlayer of the bucket coal lifting bin to preheat the coal in the bucket coal lifting bin, and then input into the sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device.
In this embodiment, the fuel supply assembly includes a coal bunker 61 and a coal feeding scraper 62, the coal bunker 61 is disposed on the ground, the coal fuel in the coal bunker 61 is transported to a rotary grate 67 through the coal feeding scraper 62 for combustion, and the rotary grate 67 is driven by a turbine disposed outside the furnace body 2.
In this embodiment, the slag discharging assembly includes a slag discharging grate 63, a screw conveyor 64 and a scraper conveyor 65, the slag discharging grate 63 is rotatably disposed under the rotary grate 67, preferably, the slag discharging grate 63 is driven by a turbine to rotate, the scraper conveyor 65 is disposed on the ground, a feed inlet of the screw conveyor 64 is communicated with a discharge outlet of the slag discharging grate 63, a discharge outlet of the screw conveyor 64 is disposed over the scraper conveyor 65, slag generated by the rotary grate 67 naturally falls onto the slag discharging grate 63, the slag discharging grate 63 rotates to convey the slag of the slag discharging grate 63 into the screw conveyor 64, and the slag is conveyed to the scraper conveyor 65 through the screw conveyor 64 and discharged to a designated position.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the coal dropping ports of the first hopper 311 and the second hopper 312 are both provided with a control valve 313, the control valve 313 is preferably an electric slide valve, the coal dropping port of the first hopper 311 is further provided with a metering screw discharger 314, the amount of clean coal can be determined by the metering screw discharger 314, and the purification rate of the coal body can be calculated by matching with the metering screw feeder 16.
In an optional embodiment of this application, still include a plurality of vibrators 9, the processing stove has seted up a plurality of radial through-holes, protection tube 91 has all been installed to every radial through-hole, vibrator 9's the portion of connecting electricity locates the outside of radial through-hole, vibrator 9's vibration portion stretches out from protection tube 91 and contradicts at the outer edge portion of spiral chute 4 or contradict at the connecting portion of spiral chute 4 and heat conduction barrel 1, optionally, vibrator 9 is two, and sets up along the axis symmetry of processing stove, vibrator 9 micro-vibration can prevent that the coal body in the spiral chute 4 from taking place to block up.
In an optional embodiment of the present application, the maintenance platform 25 is disposed at the outer side of the middle lower portion of the furnace body 2, the heat supply device can be conveniently maintained and maintained through the maintenance platform 25, the fire observation hole 216 is disposed at the maintenance platform 25, and the combustion condition of the rotary grate 67 can be observed through the fire observation hole 216.
In an optional embodiment of the application, the sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device comprises a dust remover and a condenser, the mixture of the gas and the impurities discharged by the first negative pressure fan, the second negative pressure fan 73 and the third negative pressure fan can be subjected to heat utilization firstly, then the mixture is filtered by the dust remover and then enters the condenser for liquefaction, the liquefied sulfur dioxide is dissolved in water to generate sulfurous acid, and the sulfurous acid is further oxidized to generate sulfuric acid under the pm2.5 condition.
In summary, according to the granular coal heat treatment furnace provided by the application, the coal is heated at a high temperature, so that the coal and dirt, sulfur, nitrogen and ash in the coal expand, and meanwhile, under the injection action of high-temperature steam, the steam rises to take away part of sulfur, nitrogen and ash in the coal; then under the combined action of the cooling air fan 71 and the high-pressure spray pump 72, the expanded coal body is rapidly cooled, the inner core of the coal body tissue is contracted to release sulfur, nitrogen, ash and water to be separated from the coal body, and the sulfur and nitrogen are input into the sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device under the adsorption action of the second negative pressure fan 73, the coal washing mode reduces the using amount of the water, saves the water resource, is beneficial to washing coal in places with water shortage, and is suitable for various coal bodies.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The techniques, shapes, and configurations not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.
Claims (10)
1. A granular coal heat treatment furnace is characterized by comprising: the device comprises an upper coal bunker (1), a treatment furnace body (2), a support cylinder body (3), a spiral chute (4), a steam injection device, a heat supply device, a cooling assembly, a first negative pressure fan and a sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device;
the treatment furnace body (2) comprises a heat-conducting cylinder body (21) and a heat-insulating cylinder body, the heat-conducting cylinder body (21) is positioned on the inner side of the heat-insulating cylinder body and is coaxial with the heat-insulating cylinder body, a combustion chamber (22) is formed between the heat-insulating cylinder body and the heat-conducting cylinder body (21), the top end of the heat-conducting cylinder body (21) is connected with an upper coal bunker (1), a raw coal treatment inlet (211) is arranged on the connection surface of the heat-conducting cylinder body (21) and the upper coal bunker (1), a coal inlet (11) is arranged on the upper portion of the upper coal bunker (1), a heat-insulating cover (12) is arranged on the outer side of the upper coal bunker (1), a coal preheating chamber (13) communicated with the combustion chamber (22) is formed between the heat-insulating cover (12) and the upper coal bunker (1), a smoke outlet (14) is arranged at the top of the coal preheating chamber (13), and a steam and impurity mixture outlet (212) penetrating through the heat-insulating cylinder body is arranged at the top of the heat-conducting cylinder body (21), a first negative pressure fan is connected outside the steam and impurity mixture outlet (212);
the bottom end of the treatment furnace body (2) is connected with the top end of the support cylinder body (3), a first funnel (311) is arranged at the joint of the treatment furnace body (2) and the support cylinder body (3), a second funnel (312) positioned below the first funnel (311) is arranged in the support cylinder body (3), a lower coal bunker (31) is defined by the first funnel (311), the second funnel (312) and the support cylinder body (3), and a belt conveyor (32) for conveying coal outwards is arranged below the lower coal bunker (31);
the heat supply device comprises a fuel supply assembly, a rotating grate (67), an air inlet assembly and a slag discharging assembly, wherein the rotating grate (67) is rotatably arranged at the lower part of the combustion cavity (22), the fuel supply assembly is used for supplying fuel to the rotating grate (67), the air inlet assembly is used for supplying air to the combustion cavity (22), and the slag discharging assembly is used for discharging waste slag generated by combustion of the rotating grate (67);
a heat insulation funnel (24) which is positioned right above the first funnel (311) and is positioned below the side of the rotary grate (67) is arranged in the heat conduction cylinder (21), a coal cooling area (213) is formed between the heat insulation funnel (24) and the first funnel (311), and a medium-temperature heat separation area (214) and a high-temperature heat separation area (215) are formed between the heat insulation funnel (24) and the raw coal processing inlet (211) from top to bottom;
the spiral chute (4) is fixedly arranged in the heat conduction cylinder body (21), the top end of the spiral chute (4) is communicated with the raw coal processing inlet (211), and the bottom end of the spiral chute (4) is positioned above the coal outlet of the heat insulation funnel (24);
the steam injection device is provided with a plurality of injection holes for injecting water steam to the coal in the spiral chute (4);
the cooling assembly comprises a cooling air fan (71), a high-pressure spray pump (72) and a second negative pressure fan (73), the cooling air fan (71) sprays cold air to the coal body cooling area (213), the high-pressure spray pump (72) sprays water mist to the coal body cooling area (213), and the second negative pressure fan (73) is used for pumping out a mixture of steam and impurities in the coal body cooling area (213);
the sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device is arranged outside the treatment furnace body (2), and the air inlet end of the sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device is respectively communicated with the air outlet end of the first negative pressure fan, the air outlet end of the second negative pressure fan (73) and the smoke outlet (14).
2. The granular coal heat treatment furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat preservation cylinder body comprises an outer heat preservation layer (231) of a reinforced concrete structure, a rock wool board heat preservation layer (232) arranged on the inner periphery of the upper portion of the outer heat preservation layer (231) and a high-alumina refractory brick layer (233) arranged on the inner periphery of the lower portion of the outer heat preservation layer (231), wherein the high-alumina refractory brick layer (233) at the lower end of the rock wool board heat preservation layer (232) is connected.
3. The furnace of claim 2, wherein the temperature of the intermediate thermal separation zone (214) is between 300 ° and 390 °, the temperature of the high temperature thermal separation zone (215) is between 390 ° and 400 °, and the temperature of the coal cooling zone (213) is between 100 ° and 150 °.
4. The granular coal heat treatment furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the steam injection device includes: a softened water preparation device (51), a softened water delivery pump (52), a preheating pipe (53), a hot water pump (54), a steam injection pipe (56), a steam heating pipe (55), a water feeding pipe (57) and a gas distribution cylinder (58);
the softened water preparation device (51), the softened water delivery pump (52), the hot water pump (54), the water feeding pipe (57) and the air distributing cylinder (58) are all arranged on the outer side of the treatment furnace body (2), the preheating pipe (53) is arranged on the inner wall of the lower coal bunker (31) in a surrounding manner, the steam injection pipe (56) is arranged around the inner circumference of the spiral chute (4), the annular wall of the steam injection pipe (56) is uniformly distributed with spray holes for injecting steam into the spiral chute (4), the steam heating pipe (55) is arranged in the combustion cavity (22) in a surrounding manner, the softened water delivery pump (52) delivers the softened water prepared by the softened water preparation device (51) into the preheating pipe (53) for preheating, the hot water pump (54) delivers the preheated water of the preheating pipe (53) into the steam heating pipe (55) through the water feeding pipe (57) for heat absorption, the water in the steam heating pipe (55) absorbs heat and is vaporized and then enters the air distributing cylinder (58), the steam is divided by the air dividing cylinder (58) and then is input into the steam injection pipe (56), and the steam is injected to the spiral chute (4) through the steam injection pipe (56).
5. The granular coal heat treatment furnace according to claim 4, wherein a third negative pressure fan is externally connected to the smoke outlet (14), and the air outlet end of the third negative pressure fan is communicated with the air inlet end of the sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device.
6. The granular coal heat treatment furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cooling assembly further comprises a plurality of natural air inlets (217) which are circumferentially and uniformly arranged around the bottom of the coal cooling area (213) and are communicated with the coal cooling area (213), and an air filter is connected to an air inlet end of each natural air inlet (217).
7. The furnace for heat treatment of granular coal according to claim 1, wherein the air intake assembly comprises a plurality of blowers (66) arranged at the lower part of the furnace body (2) and used for supplying air to the rotary grate (67).
8. The granular coal heat treatment furnace according to claim 1, wherein an air cooler is connected to an air inlet end of the cooling air fan (71).
9. The granular coal heat treatment furnace according to claim 1, further comprising a bucket coal bin and a bucket elevator (8), wherein the bucket coal bin and the bucket elevator (8) are both arranged outside the treatment furnace body (2), and the coal in the bucket coal bin is input into the upper coal bin (1) through the bucket elevator (8).
10. The granular coal heat treatment furnace according to claim 2, wherein the mixture of steam and impurities extracted by the second negative pressure fan (73) is firstly input into the interlayer of the bucket coal lifting bin to preheat the coal in the bucket coal lifting bin, and then is input into the sulfur and nitrogen dust removal device.
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