CN108753330A - A kind of industry combustiblerefuse carbonization-pyrolysis oven and total system - Google Patents

A kind of industry combustiblerefuse carbonization-pyrolysis oven and total system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108753330A
CN108753330A CN201810919646.8A CN201810919646A CN108753330A CN 108753330 A CN108753330 A CN 108753330A CN 201810919646 A CN201810919646 A CN 201810919646A CN 108753330 A CN108753330 A CN 108753330A
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gas
module
carbonization
pipeline
level
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李新方
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/02—Multi-step carbonising or coking processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
    • B02C18/0092—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage for waste water or for garbage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/08—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers
    • B02C18/10—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers with drive arranged above container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
    • C10B57/10—Drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/18—Modifying the properties of the distillation gases in the oven
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/02—Dust removal
    • C10K1/024—Dust removal by filtration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
    • B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation

Abstract

A kind of industry combustiblerefuse carbonization-pyrolysis oven and total system, including rubbish pretreatment and feeding module, multistage carbonization oven module, two level cracking oven module, air heat-exchange module, carbonization synthesis gas cleaning module and CO2Trap module；It includes breaker, hot-air blowing drying device and feed device that rubbish, which is pre-processed with feeding module,；Multistage is carbonized oven module including passing feed system and heating element；Two level cracking oven module and multistage carbide furnace are connected between touching block by the refractory metal pipeline with thermal insulation material, and two level pyrolysis furnace is made of synthesis gas thermal cracking pipeline, furnace body external insulation heat-barrier material and heating element；Carbonization synthesis gas cleaning module is made of wet scrubber tower and bag filter；CO2It is by CO to trap module2Trapping system and synthesis gas collection system.The present invention improves the yield of flammable synthesis gas, improves flammable flow rate.

Description

A kind of industry combustiblerefuse carbonization-pyrolysis oven and total system
Technical field
The present invention relates to industrial refuse processing technology fields, and in particular to a kind of industry combustiblerefuse carbonization-pyrolysis oven and Total system.
Background technology
With the continuous quickening of China's rapid economic development and process of industrialization, industrial refuse also presents rapid increasing The trend added.The pollution of industrial refuse has concealment, hysteresis quality and duration, and huge danger is brought to environment and human health Evil.China's one of unavoidable important environmental problem in fast, economical development is had become to the appropriate disposition of industrial refuse. Industrial combustiblerefuse includes waste plastics, scrap rubber, waste paper, weaving waste product, timber etc., is mainly derived from weaving, the energy, stone The industrial circles such as change, other light industrys.The conventional method of the industrial combustiblerefuse of processing mainly has landfill method and burning method.Landfill disposal A large amount of land resource can not only be occupied, but also pathogen in rubbish and noxious material can penetrate into external environment, cause water The pollution in source, environment and crops.Burning disposal not only invests big, processing cost height, but also can discharge a large amount of nitrogen oxidation The poisonous and harmful property gas such as object, oxycarbide pollutes environment.Both methods all results in waste of resources and environmental pollution, fails Reach rubbish three change (innoxious, minimizing, recycling) processing target.
Industrial combustiblerefuse carbonization technology is carbonized under anaerobic or hypoxia condition after drying refuse breaking, carbon Rubbish after change can be made into charcoal.Carbonization technology can overcome the shortcomings of conventional process, and the cracking gas for the generation that is carbonized is by net After changing purification, gaseous fuel can be used as；The charcoal generated simultaneously can be used as fuel for warming oneself, generating electricity, it may also be used for Sorbing material etc. is made in blast furnace ironmaking, or further processing.It can be seen that carbonization technology is truly realized the three changes processing of rubbish Target.
In existing carbonization treatment technology, have the following problems：1. that there is heat transfer efficiencys is low for traditional mode of heating, Energy consumption is big, and temperature is not easy to control, and material uneven heating is even, easily causes secondary pollution problems.2. traditional cracking gas is cleaned It will produce tar in journey, tar processing cost is higher, and be easy to cause secondary pollution.3. the synthesis gas that conventional process is collected into In include the higher CO of content2, flow rate is relatively low.4. current carbonization treatment change system is complicated, flow is tediously long, behaviour Make system complex, cost of investment is high, is unable to get and is widely popularized.
Invention content
In order to overcome the shortcomings of that existing carbonization treatment facilities system complex, flow is tediously long, cost of investment is high, the present invention Providing one kind having the industrial combustiblerefuse carbonisation tar generation of effectively inhibition, while can carry out CO2Trapping purification is closed At the processing system of gas.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of industry combustiblerefuse carbonization-pyrolysis oven and total system, including it is rubbish pretreatment and feeding module, more Section carbonization oven module, two level cracking oven module, air heat-exchange module, carbonization synthesis gas cleaning module and CO2Trap module；
The rubbish pretreatment and feeding module include breaker, hot-air blowing drying device and feed device, level-one Feed inlet is located at the top of the breaker, and the breaker is then located at the top of two level feed inlet；The breaker Lower right-hand side be equipped with hot wind inlet, outdoor air through air heat exchanger with exchange heat from the high-temperature gas that is discharged in pyrolysis furnace after become Enter in breaker at hot-air, rubbish is discharged to storage bin by lower opening on the left of breaker after broken desiccation；
The multistage carbonization oven module includes that biography feed system and heating element, the upper left side of multistage carbide furnace are provided with two Grade feed inlet, the outlet of storage bin connects with the two level feed inlet；It is provided with biography feed system in the multistage carbide furnace, passes Heating element is distributed in the outside of feed system, and there are thermal insulation layer and a metal shell in the outside of entire multistage carbide furnace, for protecting Biography feed system inside shield and heating element；The gas that the carbonizing gas that the multistage carbide furnace generates passes through stove upper right side Outlet is discharged into next stage processing；Carbonized residue is discharged by the discharge port of stove lower left；
Two level cracking oven module and multistage carbide furnace are connected between touching block by the refractory metal pipeline with thermal insulation material, The two level pyrolysis furnace is made of synthesis gas thermal cracking pipeline, furnace body external insulation heat-barrier material and heating element；
Carbonization synthesis gas cleaning module is made of wet scrubber tower and bag filter, and the two level cracking oven module goes out Mouth is connect with wet scrubber tower and bag filter successively；
CO2It is by CO to trap module2Trapping system and synthesis gas collection system are constituted, the outlet of the bag filter with The CO2Trapping system connects, the CO2The absorption tower outlet of trapping system is connect with synthesis gas collection system.
Further, the CO2Trapping system is cooled down by air-introduced machine, absorption tower, regenerator, rich solution pump, lean pump, lean solution Device, knockout drum, CO2Air accumulator and gas cylinder group at, the right side gas outlet of bag filter connects air-introduced machine by pipeline, The exit gas of air-introduced machine connects absorption tower by pipeline, and absorption tower passes through rich solution pump, lean pump and lean solution cooler and regeneration Tower is attached；The top gas outlet on absorption tower connects gas bomb by pipeline, and gas outlet is connected by pipeline at the top of regenerator The gas outlet of knockout drum, knockout drum is connected to CO by pipeline2Air accumulator；Gas is from absorption under air-introduced machine effect Air inlet enters on the left of tower bottom, initially enters the micro-pore aeration plate of absorption tower middle and lower part, the upper layer of micro-pore aeration plate is ethyl alcohol Amine aqueous solution (MEA), the solution is for CO2There is preferable absorption.Gas can form micro-bubble in the mea, slowly on It is come into full contact with MEA during rising, so that the CO in mixed gas2It can be fully absorbed by absorbent, remaining mixing Gas will be expelled in gas bomb by absorption tower upper gas outlet conduit and be collected；Absorbent is through rich solution pump in absorption tower It is admitted to regenerator, regenerator is internally provided with reboiler, and heating rich solution releases CO2, CO2Gas is arranged by exhaust pipe at the top of regenerator Go out to knockout drum, the solution recycled in regeneration gas enters CO later2It is saved in air accumulator；At the same time, then Raw absorbent MEA, which enters under lean solution pumping action in lean solution cooler, be sent back in absorption tower again after cooling, such as CO is realized in this work that moves in circles2The separation and collection of gas.Gas bomb and CO2Air accumulator top is equipped with capacity and pressure control Device processed can ensure that the gas pressure finally collected in air accumulator will not be excessively high in this way, and gas reserves are not more than negative Lotus.
Further, the breaker is by power delivery section, eccentric part, cut portion, support section and auxiliary Part forms, and the power section includes big motor, synchronous belt, synchronous pulley and gear, the eccentric part include small machine, Transmission shaft, blade and shaft coupling, after startup power supply, blade and spiral hobbing cutter start rotation work under the drive of small machine；Rubbish Rubbish waste material from level-one feed inlet be sent into breaker after, first by rotating vane to rubbish carry out level-one be crushed, blade apex face and Side face is can not only to carry out tentatively cut-out to rubbish by sharp processing and wind-force can be relied on to make accumulation rubbish It spreads out in breaker；Then, the material after primary breakup falls and carries out second-time breakage on spiral hobbing cutter, and spiral is set Meter can make the rubbish fallen from side be transmitted toward the other side, be cut in transmission, which is controlled by big motor.
Further, the biography feed system is arc type, is made of four sections of shaftless screw conveyers, shaftless screw is defeated Device is sent mainly to be made of driving device, head assembly, shaftless screw body, groove body liner plate etc., transmission material speed is adjustable；Due to spiral shell Revolve shaftless, material is not easy to plug, and discharge gate does not block, thus can be operated compared with low velocity, steady to be driven, and reduces energy consumption, conveying Amount is big.Shaftless screw conveyer starts rotation work, the shaftless screw that shredding refuse passes through segmented under the drive of small machine Conveyer is shifted into epimere, stage casing, hypomere successively.
The heating element is made of the alloy material of big resistivity, deforms small under high temperature and is not easy embrittlement, highest work Temperature is up to 1500 DEG C.Three pieces of heating elements are located at arc type and pass at the three of feed system in the gap of bending part, tightly External wall surface between two shaftless screw conveyers, heat preservation insulating materials are covered in the other non-contact faces of heating element, Electric heating thermal element is protected.Temperature control system controls the temperature of heating element by controlling electric current.Entire multistage carbon There are thermal insulation layer and a metal shell in the outside for changing stove, for protecting internal biography feed system and heating element.Carbide furnace internal pressure Power is by gas outlet pressure-control valve monitoring and regulation, and carbonation reaction keeps normal pressure or slightly above normal pressure works.Rubbish exists It is discharged by the gas vent in stove upper right side by thermal cracking, the carbonizing gas of generation in the transmission process of shaftless screw conveyer Next stage processing；Carbonized residue is discharged by the discharge port of stove lower left.
The cracking pipeline, which is horizontally oriented, places long U-tube, carbonizing gas can be made to have enough residence times, in turn Ensure that the macromolecular in carbonizing gas can have an opportunity to be cracked into small molecule fuel gas under the high temperature conditions, prevents subsequent process Generate excessive tar.Heating element provides institute's calorific requirement for thermal cracking pipeline, and the heating process temperature and heating rate can be with Control；The other parts inside two level pyrolysis furnace are filled with thermal insulation material simultaneously, to being kept the temperature inside entire two level pyrolysis furnace.
In the wet scrubber tower, with water drenching mouth under spray in stainless steel tube setting multilayer in tower, leacheate is hydroxide The mixing weak solution of sodium and sodium carbonate, gas come into full contact with during from lower to upper with the mixed liquor sprayed downwards so that Sour gas in mixed gas, which is absorbed, to be removed.Wet scrubbing top of tower gas outlet is connected to bag filter by pipeline, Grey solid impurity particle in gas will be removed in bag filter.
In the present invention, is combined first to the progress modifier treatment of industrial combustiblerefuse with dry using broken, then used more Segmentation electric furnace carries out carbonization treatment to industrial combustiblerefuse, by shaftless screw feed device that material is continuous in carbide furnace Feeding realizes and is carbonized when transporting that material is stablized by heating temperature；It is cracked and is filled as two level using high temperature electric furnace simultaneously It sets, so that the larger molecular organics two level in carbonizing gas is cracked, can prevent tar from generating, improve the yield of flammable synthesis gas；Most CO is used afterwards2Trapping system further purifies flammable synthesis gas, improves flammable flow rate, while obtaining CO2Product.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in：The yield for improving flammable synthesis gas improves flammable flow rate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is industrial combustiblerefuse carbonization-pyrolysis oven and total system schematic diagram.
Wherein：1. breaker；2. blade；3. small machine；4. level-one feed inlet；5. spiral hobbing cutter；6. big motor；7. heat Air intlet；8. discharge port；9. storage bin；10. valve；11. multisection type carbide furnace；12. two level feed inlet；13. shaftless screw Feed appliance；14. heating element；15. discharge port；16. small machine；17. be carbonized syngas outlet；18. carrying insulating layer pipeline； 19. thermocouple temperature measurement table；20. pressure monitor；21. two level pyrolysis furnace；22. high-temperature electric heat element；23. heat preserving and insulating material； 24. gas volume flow quantity recorder；25. air heat exchanger；26. the small-sized air-introduced machine of level-one；27. wet scrubber tower；28. gas body Product flowmeter；29. bag filter；30. the medium-sized air-introduced machine of two level；31. absorption tower；32. absorbent (MEA)；33. micro-pore aeration Plate；34. lean pump；35. lean solution cooler；36. rich solution pump；37. regenerator；38. absorbent (MEA)；39. knockout drum； 40.CO2Air accumulator；41. artificial fuel gas gas bomb；42. gas volume and pressure monitor；43. carbonized residue air blast cooling dress It sets；44. carbonized residue storage warehouse；45. temperature-controlled cabinet.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to Fig.1, a kind of industrial combustiblerefuse carbonization-pyrolysis oven and total system, including rubbish are pre-processed and are sent Expect module, multistage carbonization oven module, two level cracking oven module, air heat-exchange module, carbonization synthesis gas cleaning module and CO2Trapping System.
It is the integrated system containing breaker, hot-air blowing drying device and feed device that rubbish, which is pre-processed with feeding module, System, rubbish material are sent into level-one feed inlet by conveyer belt, and level-one feed inlet is located at the top of breaker, and breaker is then located at The top of two level feed inlet.The breaker is mainly by power delivery section, eccentric part, cut portion, support section and auxiliary Part is helped to form, wherein power section includes big motor, synchronous belt, synchronous pulley, gear, and eccentric part includes small machine, passes Moving axis, blade, shaft coupling.After startup power supply, blade and spiral hobbing cutter start rotation work under the drive of motor.Garbage waste After level-one feed inlet is sent into breaker, level-one first is carried out to rubbish by rotating vane and is crushed, blade apex face and side face It is that can not only carry out tentatively cut-out to rubbish by sharp processing and wind-force can be relied on to make accumulation rubbish broken It spreads out in device；Then, the material after primary breakup falls and carries out second-time breakage on spiral hobbing cutter, and the design of spiral can be with So that the rubbish fallen from side is transmitted toward the other side, cut in transmission, which is controlled by big motor.Breaker Lower right-hand side be equipped with hot wind inlet, outdoor air through air heat exchanger with exchange heat from the high-temperature gas that is discharged in pyrolysis furnace after become Entering in breaker at hot-air, drying and other treatment is carried out to rubbish in crusher chamber, rubbish, which is realized, desiccations on one side be crushed while, It is transferred into next stage processing system simultaneously, rubbish is discharged by lower opening on the left of breaker after finished breaking desiccation.
Multistage carbonization oven module is mainly made of biography feed system and heating element.The upper left side of multistage carbide furnace is provided with Feed inlet, material of the primary recipient from shredding refuse storage warehouse.Biography feed system is provided in stove, it is bow word to pass feed system Type is mainly made of four sections of shaftless screw conveyers.Shaftless screw conveyer is mainly assembled by driving device, head, is shaftless The compositions such as conveyor screw, groove body liner plate, transmission material speed is adjustable.Since spiral is shaftless, material is not easy to plug, and discharge gate does not block up Plug, thus can be operated compared with low velocity, it is steady to be driven, energy consumption is reduced, conveying capacity is big.Shaftless screw is defeated under the drive of small machine Send device to start rotation work, shredding refuse by the shaftless screw conveyer of segmented be shifted into successively epimere, stage casing, under Section.Three pieces of heating elements are distributed in the outside for passing feed system, for providing the temperature needed for carbonisation material.Heating element It is made of the alloy material of big resistivity, deforms small under high temperature and is not easy embrittlement, maximum operating temperature is up to 1500 DEG C.Three blocks of electricity Thermal element be located at arc type pass feed system three at bending part gap in, be close to two shaftless screw conveyers it Between external wall surface, heat preservation insulating materials is covered in the other non-contact faces of heating element, protected to electric heating thermal element.Temperature Control system is spent by controlling electric current, controls the temperature of heating element.There are thermal insulation layer and one in the outside of entire multistage carbide furnace Metal shell, for protecting internal biography feed system and heating element.Furnace pressure be carbonized by gas outlet pressure-control valve Monitoring and regulation, carbonation reaction keeps normal pressure or slightly above normal pressure works.Conveying of the rubbish in shaftless screw conveyer Next stage processing is discharged by the gas vent in stove upper right side by thermal cracking, the carbonizing gas of generation in journey；Carbonized residue by The discharge port of stove lower left is discharged.
Two level cracks oven module and upper level multistage carbide furnace and touches between block by the refractory metal pipe with thermal insulation material Road connects, and the air duct is shorter, needs the temperature for maintaining carbonizing gas, larger molecular organics in carbonizing gas is prevented to be condensed into Tar；Meanwhile thermocouple, pressure valve are provided with for monitoring multisection type carbide furnace high temperature ring with thermal insulation material pipeline middle part Border.Two level pyrolysis furnace is made of synthesis gas thermal cracking pipeline, furnace body external insulation heat-barrier material and heating element.Cracking pipeline is Horizontal direction places long U-tube, carbonizing gas can be made to have enough residence times, and then ensure the macromolecular in carbonizing gas Can have an opportunity to be cracked into small molecule fuel gas under the high temperature conditions, prevent subsequent process from generating excessive tar.Heating element Institute's calorific requirement is provided for thermal cracking pipeline, the heating process temperature and heating rate can control；Simultaneously in two level pyrolysis furnace The other parts in portion are filled with thermal insulation material, to being kept the temperature inside entire two level pyrolysis furnace.
Carbonization synthesis gas cleaning module is made of wet scrubber tower and bag filter.Wet scrubber tower, with not in tower The lower water drenching mouth of spray in steel pipe setting multilayer of becoming rusty, leacheate are the mixing weak solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate, gas from it is lower toward On process in come into full contact with the mixed liquor sprayed downwards so that sour gas in mixed gas, which is absorbed, to be removed.Wet type Gas outlet is connected to bag filter by pipeline at the top of scrubbing tower, the grey solid impurity particle in gas will in bag filter by except It goes.
CO2It is by CO to trap module2Trapping system and synthesis gas collection system, the system is by air-introduced machine, absorption tower, regeneration Tower, rich solution pump, lean pump, lean solution cooler, knockout drum, CO2Air accumulator and gas cylinder group at.The right side of bag filter Gas outlet connects air-introduced machine by pipeline, and the exit gas of air-introduced machine connects absorption tower by pipeline, absorption tower by rich solution pump, Lean pump and lean solution cooler are attached with regenerator.The top gas outlet on absorption tower connects gas bomb, regeneration by pipeline Top of tower gas outlet connects knockout drum by pipeline, and the gas outlet of knockout drum is connected to CO by pipeline2Air accumulator. Gas air inlet on the left of absorb the bottom of the tower enters under air-introduced machine effect, initially enters the micro-pore aeration of absorption tower middle and lower part The upper layer of plate, micro-pore aeration plate is aqueous ethanolamine (MEA), and the solution is for CO2There is preferable absorption.Gas exists Micro-bubble can be formed in MEA, come into full contact with MEA during slowly rising, so that the CO in mixed gas2It can quilt Absorbent fully absorbs, and remaining mixed gas will be expelled in gas bomb by absorption tower upper gas outlet conduit and be gathered up Come.Absorbent is admitted to regenerator through rich solution pump in absorption tower, and regenerator is internally provided with reboiler, and heating rich solution releases CO2, CO2 Gas is expelled to knockout drum by exhaust pipe at the top of regenerator, and the solution recycled in regeneration gas enters CO later2Gas storage It is saved in tank.At the same time, regenerated absorbent MEA enters in lean solution cooler under lean solution pumping action and carries out cooling down it It is sent back in absorption tower again afterwards, so move in circles work, realizes CO2The separation and collection of gas.Gas bomb and CO2Gas storage Tank top is equipped with capacity and pressure control device, can ensure that the gas pressure finally collected in air accumulator will not mistake in this way Height, gas reserves are not more than load.
The industrial combustiblerefuse carbonization-pyrolysis oven of the present embodiment and the course of work of total system are as follows：
The first step, industrial refuse enter from level-one feed inlet 4 in breaker 1, and the first-stage preliminary through blade 2 is crushed it Afterwards, rubbish is dispersed to each position of broken cavity under the action of the wind.The rubbish being scattered carries out secondary on spiral hobbing cutter 5 Broken, the rubbish that directly cut-off rubbish falls down, and do not cut off directly is repeatedly cut under spiral hobbing cutter drive, Until cut-out.Meanwhile hot-air is dried shredding refuse by hot-air inlets 7.Through the rubbish after broken drying Rubbish is entered by broken drying machine lower left side discharge port 8 in storage bin 9.
Second step controls the amount that shredding refuse enters multistage carbide furnace 11 by the valve 10 below storage warehouse.It is broken Rubbish is entered by two level feed inlet 12 above multistage carbide furnace in multistage carbide furnace, the segmented controlled by small machine 16 Shaftless screw conveyer 13 is shifted into epimere, stage casing, hypomere successively.Shredding refuse passes through heating element 14 in transmission process The heat of generation is thermally decomposed under hypoxia, generates the carbonizing gas being largely made of hydrocarbon.It is anti-by being carbonized Garbage carbon compound after answering is entered by multistage carbide furnace discharge port 15 in carbonized residue blast cooling device 43.Air blast cools down Device cools down garbage carbon compound by blasting air.Carbon residue after cooling is sent into carbonized residue storage warehouse 44 by transmission In spare or further disposition.
Third walks, and carbonization synthesis gas enters the pipeline 18 with thermal insulation material by multistage carbide furnace gas vent 17, Carbide furnace exiting exhaust gas pipeline is equipped with thermocouple temperature measurement table 19 and pressure monitor 20, the temperature and pressure of monitoring discharge gas Power is suitably adjusted especially when furnace pressure is excessive.Carbonizing gas is discharged into two level pyrolysis furnace 21, in U-shaped thermal cracking pipe During road 23 flows, the larger molecular organics in gas are cracked into the gas of small molecule under the effect of high-temperature electric Canadian dollar part 22.Two Grade pyrolysis furnace exiting exhaust gas pipeline is equipped with thermocouple temperature measurement table, pressure monitor and gas volume flow totalizer 24, While the temperature and pressure of monitoring discharge cracking gas, the total volume of entire carbonisation cracking gas is counted.Cracking gas passes through two Grade pyrolysis furnace outlet enter in air heat exchanger 25, the air after heating be sent in drier crusher to shredding refuse into The dry pretreatment of row；Cracking gas enters after by air cooling in gas purification module.
4th step, the cracking gas after cooling down under the small-sized air-introduced machine of level-one 26 is used enter gas by the left side of wet scrubber tower 27 Mouth enters, and during being come into full contact with leacheate, sour gas is absorbed in mixed gas.Mixed gas is from wet scrubbing 27 upper outlet of tower is discharged, and enters bag filter 29 along pipeline, and the grey solid impurity particle in gas is removed through bag filter 29.
5th step, in the case where the medium-sized air-introduced machine 30 of two level acts on, synthesis gas enters from 31 bottom of absorption tower, through micro-pore aeration plate 33 enter absorber layer 32, the CO in mixed gas2It is absorbed, remaining synthesis gas will pass through absorption tower upper gas outlet Road is expelled in artificial fuel gas gas bomb 42 and collects.Absorbent 32 is admitted to again under the effect of rich solution pump 36 in absorption tower 31 Raw tower 37, heats the CO released after rich solution2Gas is expelled to knockout drum 39 by 37 top vent pipe of regenerator, recycles Enter CO after absorbent therein2It is saved in air accumulator 40.At the same time, regenerated absorbent MEA is in lean pump 34 Enter in lean solution cooler 35 under effect and be sent back to again in absorption tower 31 after cooling, circulating repetition utilizes.
In conclusion the present invention proposes a kind of industrial combustiblerefuse carbonization-thermal cracking total system, using intelligence Control system controls heating element temperature, ensures that garbage carbonized and gas second pyrolysis stablize carries out, while this system is normal Work is depressed, pressure-control valve is arranged in many places, and hypertonia risk is not present；System is to save energy consumption, also takes full advantage of height Waste heat when in warm synthesis gas discharge stove；When in-furnace temperature reaches carbonization and cracking reaction requires, heating element can stop adding Heat can rely on material self-heat generation in stove and generate heat, and save energy consumption；Increase CO simultaneously2Trapping system further increases The quality of synthesis gas.This system is compact-sized, multiple functional, easy to operate, reliability is high, pollution-free, is a kind of energy elimination Tar in industrial refuse carbonization synthesis gas, and a large amount of new systems for generating high-quality synthesis gas.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of industry combustiblerefuse carbonization-pyrolysis oven and total system, it is characterised in that：It pre-processes and send including rubbish Expect module, multistage carbonization oven module, two level cracking oven module, air heat-exchange module, carbonization synthesis gas cleaning module and CO2Trapping Module；
The rubbish pretreatment includes breaker, hot-air blowing drying device and feed device, level-one charging with feeding module Mouth is located at the top of the breaker, and the breaker is then located at the top of two level feed inlet；The right side of the breaker Side-lower is equipped with hot wind inlet, and outdoor air becomes heat through air heat exchanger with after the high-temperature gas heat exchange being discharged in pyrolysis furnace Air enters in breaker, and rubbish is discharged to storage bin by lower opening on the left of breaker after broken desiccation；
Multistage carbonization oven module includes passing feed system and heating element, and it is grading that the upper left side of multistage carbide furnace is provided with two Material mouth, the outlet of storage bin connect with the two level feed inlet；Biography feed system, transmission material are provided in the multistage carbide furnace Heating element is distributed in the outside of system, and there are thermal insulation layer and a metal shell in the outside of entire multistage carbide furnace, in protecting The biography feed system and heating element in portion；The gas vent that the carbonizing gas that the multistage carbide furnace generates passes through stove upper right side It is discharged into next stage processing；Carbonized residue is discharged by the discharge port of stove lower left；
Two level cracking oven module and multistage carbide furnace are connected between touching block by the refractory metal pipeline with thermal insulation material, described Two level pyrolysis furnace is made of synthesis gas thermal cracking pipeline, furnace body external insulation heat-barrier material and heating element；
Carbonization synthesis gas cleaning module is made of wet scrubber tower and bag filter, the outlet of two level cracking oven module according to It is secondary to be connect with wet scrubber tower and bag filter；
CO2It is by CO to trap module2Trapping system and synthesis gas collection system are constituted, the outlet of the bag filter with it is described CO2Trapping system connects, the CO2The absorption tower outlet of trapping system is connect with synthesis gas collection system.
2. industry combustiblerefuse carbonization-pyrolysis oven as described in claim 1 and total system, it is characterised in that：It is described CO2Trapping system is by air-introduced machine, absorption tower, regenerator, rich solution pump, lean pump, lean solution cooler, knockout drum, CO2Gas storage Tank and gas cylinder group are at the right side gas outlet of bag filter connects air-introduced machine by pipeline, and the exit gas of air-introduced machine passes through Pipeline connects absorption tower, and absorption tower is attached by rich solution pump, lean pump and lean solution cooler and regenerator；The top on absorption tower Portion gas outlet connects gas bomb by pipeline, and gas outlet connects knockout drum, knockout drum by pipeline at the top of regenerator Gas outlet CO is connected to by pipeline2Air accumulator.
3. industry combustiblerefuse carbonization-pyrolysis oven as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and total system, it is characterised in that：Institute It states breaker to be made of power delivery section, eccentric part, cut portion, support section and slave part, the power part It includes big motor, synchronous belt, synchronous pulley and gear to divide, and the eccentric part includes small machine, transmission shaft, blade and shaft coupling Device, after startup power supply, blade and spiral hobbing cutter start rotation work under the drive of small machine；Garbage waste is from level-one feed inlet After being sent into breaker, level-one first is carried out to rubbish by rotating vane and is crushed, the material after primary breakup is fallen on spiral hobbing cutter Second-time breakage is carried out, which is controlled by big motor.
4. industry combustiblerefuse carbonization-pyrolysis oven as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and total system, it is characterised in that：Institute It is arc type to state and pass feed system, is made of four sections of shaftless screw conveyers, shaftless screw conveyer is by driving device, head The compositions such as assembly, shaftless screw body, groove body liner plate, transmission material speed is adjustable；Shaftless screw conveys under the drive of small machine Device starts rotation work, and shredding refuse is shifted into epimere, stage casing, hypomere successively by the shaftless screw conveyer of segmented.
5. industry combustiblerefuse carbonization-pyrolysis oven as claimed in claim 4 and total system, it is characterised in that：It is described Heating element is made of the alloy material of big resistivity, deforms small under high temperature and is not easy embrittlement, maximum operating temperature is up to 1500 ℃；Three pieces of heating elements are located at the three of arc type biography feed system in the gap of bending part, are close to two shaftless spiral shells The external wall surface between conveyer is revolved, heat preservation insulating materials is covered in the other non-contact faces of heating element, to electric heating thermal element It is protected；Temperature control system controls the temperature of heating element by controlling electric current；The outside of entire multistage carbide furnace has Thermal insulation layer and a metal shell, for protecting internal biography feed system and heating element；Furnace pressure be carbonized by gas outlet Pressure-control valve monitoring and regulation；Rubbish is in the transmission process of shaftless screw conveyer by thermal cracking, the carbonizing gas of generation It is discharged into next stage processing by the gas vent in stove upper right side；Carbonized residue is discharged by the discharge port of stove lower left.
6. industry combustiblerefuse carbonization-pyrolysis oven as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and total system, it is characterised in that：Institute It states cracking pipeline and is horizontally oriented the long U-tube of placement, carbonizing gas can be made to have enough residence times, and then ensure carbonization gas Macromolecular in body can have an opportunity to be cracked into small molecule fuel gas under the high temperature conditions, prevent subsequent process from generating multifocal Oil.Heating element provides institute's calorific requirement for thermal cracking pipeline, and the heating process temperature and heating rate can control；While two Other parts inside grade pyrolysis furnace are filled with thermal insulation material, to being kept the temperature inside entire two level pyrolysis furnace.
7. industry combustiblerefuse carbonization-pyrolysis oven as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and total system, it is characterised in that：Institute It states in wet scrubber tower, water drenching mouth under spray is set in multilayer with stainless steel tube in tower, leacheate is sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate Mixing weak solution, gas comes into full contact with during from lower to upper with the mixed liquor sprayed downwards so that in mixed gas Sour gas by absorb remove.Wet scrubbing top of tower gas outlet is connected to bag filter by pipeline, the ash in gas Solid impurity particle will be removed in bag filter.
CN201810919646.8A 2018-08-14 2018-08-14 A kind of industry combustiblerefuse carbonization-pyrolysis oven and total system Pending CN108753330A (en)

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