CN110081430A - A kind of packaged type villages and small towns rubbish multistage locellus pyrolysis heating water system - Google Patents

Abstract

A movable multi-stage sub-chamber pyrolysis hot water production system for villages and towns, comprising a feeding mechanism with a crushing device, a rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace, a high-temperature pyrolysis chamber, a tail gas treatment system and a PLC control device. The treatment system includes a cooling room, an acid removal room, a dust removal room, a fan and a boiler. The upper left side of the boiler is provided with a main water inlet and a branch water inlet, and the middle right side of the boiler is provided with a boiler water outlet. There is a boiler air inlet on the lower left side of the cooling chamber, the water outlet of the cooling chamber is connected to the branch water inlet of the boiler through a water delivery pipe, and a tar collection pipe is arranged in the cooling chamber, and the tar collection pipe is located below the cooling pipe and communicate with the bottom of the cooling pipe. The invention provides a movable multi-stage and divided-chamber pyrolysis system for producing hot water in villages and towns, which utilizes the pyrolysis of the waste to recycle the waste, reduce the amount and make the waste more effective.

Description

A mobile multi-stage sub-chamber pyrolysis hot water heating system for villages and towns

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of pyrolysis organic dyes, in particular to a movable multi-stage thermal decomposition chamber pyrolysis system for rural garbage.

Background technique

Publication number CN107796001A, the date of publication is March 13, 2018, and the utility model patent in China entitled "An environmentally friendly waste pyrolysis gasification incineration method and its incineration device" discloses an environmentally friendly waste pyrolysis gas Chemical incineration method and incineration device. The method is that the waste is burned in an oxygen-deficient state by supplying air from the side air distribution plate in the closed incinerator cavity, and the incombustible material is turned into ash and slag is discharged out of the furnace through the slag discharge mechanism; the generated high-temperature gas rises to heat and pyrolyze the upper waste. The organic substances in the garbage, and the finally generated combustible gas is exported through the upper outlet; the inorganic substances such as fixed carbon and ash that are not pyrolyzed in the garbage continue to descend for anoxic combustion.

The publication number is CN 104848229A, the date of publication is August 19, 2015, and the Chinese utility model patent named "a vehicle-mounted combustible solid waste pyrolysis incineration device" discloses a vehicle-mounted combustible solid waste pyrolysis and incineration device and method. The device consists of a feeding system and a fan unit of a pyrolysis incinerator flue gas-air heat exchange system. The method is that the solid waste enters the pyrolysis gasification chamber of the pyrolysis incinerator through hydraulic piston feeding equipment. The pyrolysis gasification chamber is a conventional design. Under anoxic conditions, drying, pyrolysis and gasification reactions are performed in sequence to generate pyrolysis gasification gas and ash. The produced gas enters the secondary combustion chamber upward, and the ash produced is discharged into the ash chamber through the grate.

When the waste treatment equipment in the prior art is in use, the following problems exist: 1. the traditional heating method has low heat transfer efficiency and large energy consumption, and the high temperature product is collected without the waste heat recovery process, and the temperature is not easy to control, causing secondary pollution, etc. ②The municipal garbage is transported to the transfer station by garbage trucks. During the treatment, the garbage is transported from the transfer station to the incineration plant for incineration of the garbage, and the incinerated waste residue is landfilled or treated by other methods. In this process, garbage needs to be transported frequently and repeatedly, which not only increases the cost, but also easily causes secondary pollution. ③ The current pyrolysis treatment equipment has complex systems, lengthy processes, complex operating systems, and high investment costs. Therefore, some waste sources are scattered and the output is not large, so it cannot be popularized.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the defects of the existing waste treatment technology, the present invention provides a movable multi-stage and divided-chamber pyrolysis hot water heating system for villages and towns.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

A movable multi-stage sub-chamber pyrolysis hot water production system for villages and towns, comprising a feeding mechanism with a crushing device, a rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace, a high-temperature pyrolysis chamber, a tail gas treatment system and a PLC control device. The feeding mechanism with the crushing device, the rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace, the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber, and the exhaust gas treatment system are respectively connected with the PLC control device. A boiler for making hot water, the feeding mechanism is installed above the rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace, and the discharge end of the feeding mechanism is connected to the feeding port of the rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace, and the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber is located in the Above the cooling chamber, the cooling chamber is located above the acid removal chamber, the acid removal chamber is located above the dust removal chamber, the upper left side of the boiler is provided with a main water inlet and a branch water inlet, and the right side of the boiler The middle part is provided with a boiler water outlet, the lower left part of the boiler is provided with a boiler air inlet, the water inlet of the cooling chamber and the main water inlet of the boiler are respectively connected with the water supply device, and the water outlet of the cooling chamber is connected by a water pipe Connected with the water inlet of the boiler, the cooling chamber is provided with a tar collection pipe, the tar collection pipe is located below the cooling pipe and communicates with the bottom of the cooling pipe, and the left and right sides of the lower part of the cooling chamber shell are respectively provided with a The tar cleaning hole, the left and right ends of the tar collecting pipe respectively protrude from the tar cleaning hole on the corresponding side, the right port of the tar collecting pipe is the residual tar cleaning port, and the left end of the tar collecting pipe is bent downward and Connect with the tar drainage plate to form a tar discharge port;

The air outlet of the rotary low temperature pyrolysis furnace is connected with the air inlet of the high temperature pyrolysis chamber through the low temperature pyrolysis air outlet pipe, the air outlet of the high temperature pyrolysis chamber is connected with the air inlet of the cooling chamber, and the outlet of the cooling chamber is connected. The air port is connected with the air inlet of the acid removal chamber, the air outlet of the acid removal chamber is connected with the air inlet of the dust removal chamber, the air outlet of the dust removal chamber is connected with the inlet of the fan through the air outlet pipe of the dust removal chamber, and the outlet of the fan passes through The boiler gas inlet pipe is connected with the boiler inlet; the low temperature pyrolysis gas outlet pipe is provided with a pressure sensor and a pressure reducing valve, the pressure sensor is connected with the PLC control device, and the PLC control device is connected with the pressure reducing valve;

The waste is crushed by the crushing device of the feeding mechanism and discharged from the discharge end, and then enters the pyrolysis furnace through the feed port of the rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace, and after drying and low-temperature pyrolysis, the gas passes through the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace. The gas outlet pipe enters the high temperature pyrolysis chamber, the ash and slag are cleaned out, and after the gas passes through the high temperature pyrolysis chamber for high temperature pyrolysis, it passes through the cooling chamber, the acid removal chamber and the dust removal chamber for cooling, acid removal and dust removal, and finally enters the boiler burn inside.

Further, the pyrolysis hot water production system further comprises a chassis and a universal wheel with a locking mechanism, and a universal wheel is respectively provided at four corners of the bottom of the chassis.

Still further, the rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace includes a support, an inner furnace body, an outer furnace body, a heating base, a top cover, a rotating mechanism for rotating the inner furnace body, and three small hydraulic presses for jacking up the top cover. The inner furnace body is divided into three compartments by three partition plates, and the three partition plates are arranged at 120° to each other, and the bottom plate of each compartment is a sector with a central angle of 120° and is respectively connected to the The inner furnace body is detachably connected, the rotating mechanism includes an upper transmission shaft, a lower transmission shaft and a stepping motor, the lower end of the upper transmission shaft is fixed on the upper connecting points of the three partition plates, and the lower The upper end is fixed on the connection point of the lower end of the three partition plates;

The heating base includes a base body and an annular protrusion, the annular protrusion is installed on the base body, and the annular protrusion is provided with an external thread, and the annular protrusion is divided into three areas by three spacers, which are the drying area respectively. , low temperature pyrolysis zone and slag discharge zone, the three spacers are arranged at 120° to each other and overlap with the three separator plates. Electric heating tubes are provided on both the drying zone and the low temperature pyrolysis zone. The number of electric heating pipes in the heating area is more than that in the drying area, and there are transmission shaft installation holes at the connection points of the three spacers, and the lower end of the lower transmission shaft is rotatably installed on the transmission shaft through a thrust ball bearing. in the shaft mounting hole;

The outer furnace body is sleeved outside the inner furnace body and is provided with a gap between the inner furnace body, the lower end of the outer furnace body is threadedly connected with the annular protrusion, and three heat insulation boards are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the outer furnace body. The three heat shields correspond to the three spacers on the heating base one-to-one and are on the same radius. The gap between the outer furnace body and the inner furnace body is also divided into three areas, which are the drying area and the low-temperature pyrolysis area. The drying zone and the low temperature pyrolysis zone are provided with silicon carbide rods for heating, and the silicon carbide rods are arranged vertically. The number of silicon carbide rods in the low temperature heating zone is more than that in the drying zone. the number of carbon rods;

The top cover is provided with a feed port, a drying gas outlet hole, a low temperature pyrolysis gas outlet and a transmission shaft through hole, and the low temperature pyrolysis gas outlet is the gas outlet of the rotary low temperature pyrolysis furnace. The feed inlet and the drying gas outlet are arranged in the same area, this area corresponds to the upper and lower sides of the drying area, and is connected to one of the chambers of the inner furnace body at the same time, and the low temperature pyrolysis air outlet corresponds to the upper and lower low temperature pyrolysis area. It is communicated with another compartment of the inner furnace body, and the upper end of the upper transmission shaft is connected with the output shaft of the stepping motor through the through hole of the transmission shaft, and the stepping motor is installed on the bracket; the bottom of the top cover is connected with The drying zone and the low temperature pyrolysis zone are respectively provided with a drying chamber temperature sensor and a low temperature pyrolysis chamber temperature sensor, and the drying chamber temperature sensor and the low temperature pyrolysis chamber temperature sensor are respectively connected with the PLC control device;

Three small hydraulic presses are arranged around the outer furnace body at equal intervals, the cylinder body of each small hydraulic press is fixedly installed on the base body, the top rod of each small hydraulic press is connected with the top cover, and the top cover is between the outer furnace body and the inner furnace body. The outer furnace body is provided with a slag discharge port in the slag discharge area, and a slag discharge cover is provided at the slag discharge port; the electric heating tube and the silicon carbon rod are respectively connected with the power supply equipment, and the PLC control device is respectively connected with the step Incoming motor, small hydraulic press, electric heating tube, silicon carbon rod connection;

The garbage enters into one of the warehouses of the inner furnace body from the feeding port on the top cover. The warehouse is located in the drying area. When the garbage reaches a certain amount, the electric heating tube and the silicon carbide rod on the drying area begin to heat up. After drying, the top cover is lifted up and separated from the inner furnace body by three small hydraulic presses, and then the stepping motor drives the upper transmission shaft to rotate, thereby driving the inner furnace body to rotate 120°, so that the garbage containing the dried garbage will rotate. The warehouse is rotated to the low-temperature pyrolysis area. After the low-temperature pyrolysis, the inner furnace body is then rotated by 120°, so that the warehouse containing the low-temperature pyrolysis garbage is rotated to the slag discharge area, and the slag discharge cover is opened. The bottom plate of the inner furnace body chamber is removed to realize slag discharge. After the slag discharge, the inner furnace body continues to rotate 120°, so that the chamber after the slag discharge returns to the drying area and continues to feed, while other When the two compartments are rotated to different areas, the corresponding operations in the area are performed.

Further, the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber is provided with a high-temperature pyrolysis tube, a thermal insulation shell, an air inlet of the pyrolysis tube, an air outlet of the pyrolysis tube, a silicon carbon rod for heating and a metal twisted belt. The air inlet is the air inlet of the high temperature pyrolysis chamber, the air outlet of the pyrolysis tube is the air outlet of the high temperature pyrolysis chamber, the high temperature pyrolysis tube and the heat preservation shell are both U-shaped, and the heat preservation shell is set Outside the high temperature pyrolysis tube, the gas inlet of the pyrolysis tube and the gas outlet of the pyrolysis tube are respectively connected with both ends of the high temperature pyrolysis tube;

The silicon carbon rod is located in the thermal insulation shell and is spirally wound outside the high temperature pyrolysis tube. The silicon carbon rod is also connected to the PLC control device. A spiral metal twisted belt is arranged in the high temperature pyrolysis tube. Both the air inlet of the solution tube and the air outlet of the pyrolysis tube are tapered, and the end connected with the thermal insulation shell is the big end.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in:

1. Advanced nature: The heating method adopts electric heating, the heating rate is fast, and the heating efficiency is high, and in the process of electric heating, less waste gas, residue and smoke are generated, which can keep the heated object clean and does not pollute the environment; the inner furnace The body can be rotated, so the waste can complete the process of drying-low-temperature pyrolysis-slagging in three chambers. The three chambers are continuously carried out in turn, which can realize continuous feeding without stopping. A relatively small waste pyrolysis device, its The daily processing capacity is high; the design of the sub-chamber rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace also makes the entire system occupy a small area; the multi-stage pyrolysis makes the organic volatiles in the garbage components pyrolyzed more thoroughly, and the yield of small-molecule combustible gases is higher. The waste heat recovery system of high temperature products realizes the cascade utilization of energy and improves the energy utilization rate of the whole system;

2. Safety: The use of pyrolysis gas recovery device and the method of reusing generated slag has achieved the concept of zero emission of toxic gas, which is absolutely safe for the user and the working environment of the equipment;

3. Reliable operation: The use of electric pyrolysis makes the pyrolysis process more controllable and increases the operational reliability of the equipment; by measuring the peak value of waste input, it is ensured that the waste treatment rhythm is consistent with the waste input rhythm, making the equipment reliable. ability to operate continuously;

4. Utilization of multi-stage pyrolysis products: after high ash biomass anaerobic reaction at 800 degrees, the solid yield is about 28%, the carbon content is 69%, the hydrogen content is 4%, the nitrogen content is 0.6%, and the rest is ash and oxygen; gas yield 75%, the gas composition is 58% hydrogen, 28% carbon monoxide, 10% methane, about 2% gaseous hydrocarbons, and the rest is nitrogen and carbon dioxide. In this device, the gas decomposed at 800 degrees will be transported to the gas storage bottle through the pipeline, and the remaining heat will be used to dry the domestic waste that has just entered the pyrolysis system and contains a lot of water during the transport process. After entering the gas storage cylinder, it can provide gas raw materials for villages and towns;

5. Heat utilization: Through the waste heat utilization system, the waste heat and cooling requirements of the equipment can be used to heat materials, and hot water for heating can be generated to improve economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace.

Figure 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the outer furnace body.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the top cover viewed from above.

Figure 5 is a top view of the top cover.

6 is a perspective view of a high temperature pyrolysis tube.

Fig. 7 is a top view of a high temperature pyrolysis tube.

Figure 8 is a schematic view of the heating base.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the inner furnace body and the outer furnace body.

Figure 10 is a schematic view of the inner furnace body.

Fig. 11 is an external view of a rotary low temperature pyrolysis furnace.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the bottom plate of the inner furnace body compartment.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Figures 1 to 12 , a movable multi-stage pyrolysis and hot water production system for villages and towns, including a feeding mechanism with a crushing device, a rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace, a high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 19, and a tail gas treatment system And the PLC control device, the feeding mechanism with the crushing device, the rotary low temperature pyrolysis furnace, the high temperature pyrolysis chamber 19, and the exhaust gas treatment system are respectively connected with the PLC control device, and the exhaust gas treatment system includes a cooling chamber 7, a Acid chamber 8, dust chamber 9, fan 12 and boiler 14 for making hot water, the feeding mechanism is installed above the rotary low temperature pyrolysis furnace, and the discharge end of the feeding mechanism is connected to the rotary low temperature pyrolysis furnace. The feed port of the furnace is connected, the high temperature pyrolysis chamber is located above the cooling chamber 7, the cooling chamber 7 is located above the acid removal chamber 8, the acid removal chamber 8 is located above the dust removal chamber 9, and the boiler 14 The upper left side of the boiler 14 is provided with a main water inlet 16 and a branch water inlet, the middle right side of the boiler 14 is provided with a boiler water outlet 15, the lower left side of the boiler 14 is provided with a boiler air inlet 13, and the cooling chamber The water inlet 5 of the boiler and the main water inlet 16 of the boiler are respectively connected with the water supply device, the water outlet of the cooling chamber is connected with the branch water inlet of the boiler 17 through the water pipe 17, and the water pipe 17 is provided with a valve 18, and the cooling 7 There is a tar collection pipe inside, the tar collection pipe is located below the cooling pipe 7 and communicated with the bottom of the cooling pipe 7, the left and right sides of the lower part of the cooling chamber shell are respectively provided with a tar cleaning hole, the tar collection pipe The left and right ends of the tar collection pipe respectively protrude from the tar cleaning hole on the corresponding side, the right port of the tar collection pipe is the residual tar cleaning port 11, and the left end of the tar collection pipe is bent downward and connected with the tar drainage plate to form tar discharge port 6;

The air outlet of the rotary low temperature pyrolysis furnace is connected to the air inlet of the high temperature pyrolysis chamber through the low temperature pyrolysis air outlet pipe 20, and the air outlet of the high temperature pyrolysis chamber is connected to the air inlet of the cooling chamber 7, and the cooling chamber The air outlet of 7 is connected with the air inlet of the acid removal chamber 8, the air outlet of the acid removal chamber 8 is connected with the air inlet of the dust removal chamber 9, and the air outlet 10 of the dust removal chamber is connected to the fan through the air outlet pipe of the dust removal chamber. The inlet is connected, and the outlet of the fan is connected with the boiler air inlet 13 through the boiler gas inlet pipe; the low temperature pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 20 is provided with a pressure sensor 22 and a pressure reducing valve 21, and the pressure sensor 22 is connected with the PLC control device, and the PLC controls The device is connected to the pressure reducing valve 21;

The waste is crushed by the crushing device of the feeding mechanism and discharged from the discharge end, and then enters the pyrolysis furnace through the feed port of the rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace, and after drying and low-temperature pyrolysis, the gas passes through the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace. The gas outlet pipe enters the high temperature pyrolysis chamber, and the ash and slag are cleaned out. After the gas passes through the high temperature pyrolysis chamber for high temperature pyrolysis, it sequentially passes through the cooling chamber 7, the acid removal chamber 8 and the dust removal chamber 9 for cooling, acid removal and dust removal. into the boiler for combustion.

Further, the pyrolysis hot water production system further comprises a chassis and a universal wheel with a locking mechanism, and a universal wheel is respectively provided at four corners of the bottom of the chassis.

Still further, the rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace includes a bracket 4, an inner furnace body 30, an outer furnace body 2, a heating base 3, a top cover 28, a rotating mechanism for rotating the inner furnace body 30, and three Small hydraulic press 1 with top cover, the inner furnace body is divided into three compartments by three partition plates 301, the three partition plates 301 are arranged at 120° to each other, and the bottom plate 302 of each compartment is A sector with a central angle of 120° is detachably connected to the inner furnace body 30 respectively. The rotating mechanism includes an upper transmission shaft 29, a lower transmission shaft 39 and a stepping motor 25. The lower end of the upper transmission shaft 29 is fixed on the three sides. On the connection point at the upper end of the partition plate, the upper end of the lower transmission shaft 39 is fixed on the connection point at the lower end of the three partition plates;

The heating base 3 includes a base body and an annular protrusion. The annular protrusion is installed on the base body, and the annular protrusion is provided with an external thread. The annular protrusion is divided into three areas by three spacers, which are drying. Zone 41, low temperature pyrolysis zone 42 and slag discharge zone 43, the three spacers are arranged at 120° to each other and overlapped with the three partition plates 301 up and down, the drying zone and the low temperature pyrolysis zone are both provided with electric Heating tubes, the number of electric heating tubes in the low-temperature heating zone is more than that in the drying zone, the three spacer connection points are provided with drive shaft mounting holes 40, and the lower end of the lower drive shaft 39 is connected to a thrust ball The bearing is rotatably installed in the transmission shaft installation hole 40;

The outer furnace body 2 is sleeved outside the inner furnace body 30 and there is a gap between the inner furnace body and the outer furnace body. The lower end of the outer furnace body 2 is threadedly connected with the annular protrusion. There are three heat insulation boards 2-2, and the three heat insulation boards 2-2 are in one-to-one correspondence with the three spacers on the heating base 3 and are on the same radius. The gap between the outer furnace body 2 and the inner furnace body 30 is also It is divided into three areas, namely drying area, low temperature pyrolysis area and slag discharge area. Both the drying area and the low temperature pyrolysis area are provided with silicon carbide rods 2-1 for heating, and silicon carbide rods 2-1 are vertical Arrangement, the number of silicon carbide rods in the low temperature heating zone is more than the number of silicon carbide rods in the drying zone;

The top cover 28 is provided with a feed port 26, a drying gas outlet hole 27, a low temperature pyrolysis gas outlet 23 and a transmission shaft through hole, and the low temperature pyrolysis gas outlet 23 is the part of the rotary low temperature pyrolysis furnace. Air outlet, the feed port 26 and the drying gas outlet 27 are arranged in the same area, this area corresponds to the top and bottom of the drying area, and is connected with one of the chambers of the inner furnace body 30 at the same time, the low temperature pyrolysis air outlet 23 corresponds to the low temperature pyrolysis zone up and down and communicates with another chamber of the inner furnace body 30, the upper end of the upper transmission shaft 29 is connected to the output shaft of the stepping motor 25 through the through hole of the transmission shaft, and the stepping motor 25 is installed on the bracket 4; the bottom of the top cover 28 is respectively provided with a drying chamber temperature sensor and a low temperature pyrolysis chamber temperature sensor at the position facing the drying zone 41 and the low temperature pyrolysis zone 42, and the drying chamber The temperature sensor and the low temperature pyrolysis chamber temperature sensor are respectively connected with the PLC control device;

The three small hydraulic presses 1 are arranged at equal intervals on the outer circumference of the outer furnace body 2, the cylinder body of each small hydraulic press 1 is fixedly installed on the base body, the top rod of each small hydraulic press 1 is connected to the top cover 28, and the top cover is connected to the outer furnace body. 2. The inner furnace bodies 30 are sealed and connected; the outer furnace body 2 is provided with a slag discharge port in the slag discharge area, and a slag discharge cover 32 is provided at the slag discharge port; the electric heating tube, the silicon carbide rod 2- 1 are respectively connected with the power supply equipment, and the PLC control device is respectively connected with the stepping motor 25, the small hydraulic press 1, the electric heating tube, and the silicon carbide rod 2-1;

The garbage enters into one of the warehouses of the inner furnace body 30 from the feeding port on the top cover 28, and the warehouse is located in the drying area 41. When the garbage reaches a certain amount, the electric heating pipes and silicon carbide rods on the drying area 41 2-1 are all started to be heated for drying. After drying, the top cover 28 is lifted up and separated from the inner furnace body 30 by three small hydraulic presses 1, and then the stepping motor 25 drives the upper transmission shaft 29 to rotate, thereby driving the inner furnace body 30. Rotate 120°, so that the warehouse containing the dried garbage is rotated to the low-temperature pyrolysis zone 42. After the low-temperature pyrolysis, the inner furnace body 30 is rotated by 120°, so that the warehouse containing the garbage after low-temperature pyrolysis is rotated. Rotate to the slag discharge area 43, open the slag discharge cover, remove the bottom plate 302 of the inner furnace body chamber in this area, and then realize slag discharge. After the slag discharge, the inner furnace body continues to rotate 120°, so that the The bin returns to the drying zone and continues to feed, while the other two bins rotate to different zones and perform corresponding operations in that zone.

Furthermore, the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber 19 is provided with a high-temperature pyrolysis tube 36, a thermal insulation shell 34, an air inlet 33 of the pyrolysis tube, an air outlet 37 of the pyrolysis tube, a silicon carbide rod 35 for heating and a metal torsion. Band 38, the air inlet 33 of the pyrolysis tube is the air inlet of the high temperature pyrolysis chamber, the air outlet 37 of the pyrolysis tube is the air outlet of the high temperature pyrolysis chamber, the high temperature pyrolysis tube 36 and the thermal insulation shell 34 are all U-shaped, the thermal insulation shell is sheathed outside the high temperature pyrolysis tube, and the air inlet of the pyrolysis tube and the air outlet of the pyrolysis tube are respectively connected to both ends of the high temperature pyrolysis tube;

The silicon carbide rod 35 is located in the thermal insulation shell 34 and is spirally wound outside the high temperature pyrolysis tube 36. The silicon carbide rod 35 is also connected to the PLC control device, and the high temperature pyrolysis tube 36 is provided with a spiral shape. The metal twisted belt 38, the air inlet 33 of the pyrolysis tube and the air outlet 37 of the pyrolysis tube are both conical, and the end connected with the heat preservation shell 34 is the big end.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the feeding port 26 is an inverted conical feeding port, the garbage enters from the feeding port 26, and the crushing device is located at the feeding port 26, above the drying area of the crushing device. The crushing device and the feeding port 26 are designed with a triaxial support below due to vibration during the working process. The crushing device adopts a double-shaft crusher 24, which is mainly composed of a crusher main body, a movable knife/fixed knife, a bearing, a knife shaft, a reducer, a motor and a circuit control mechanism. The double-shaft crusher is driven by a planetary gear reducer, and the blade is made of high-strength alloy steel, which has the characteristics of strong wear resistance and high strength. . This double-shaft crusher can be used for: clothing leather scraps, raw domestic waste, kitchen waste, building boards and other materials, so it meets the needs of the equipment to be crushed. The discharge size can be adjusted according to the user's requirements. It has the functions of start, stop, reverse and overload automatic reverse control. It has the characteristics of simple and compact structure, small footprint, low speed and low noise. The crushed organic domestic waste enters the pyrolysis furnace through the lower chamber, and the feeding chamber is closely linked with the top cover of the pyrolysis furnace. The top cover is provided with a drying gas outlet, and the top is equipped with a gas odor purification device. During the drying process, moisture and odors carried in the garbage may overflow. The working environment of the system is in a residential area, so the discharged water vapor needs to be pre-treated. deal with.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace is composed of a top cover 28, an inner furnace body 30, an outer furnace body 2, a heating base 3, a silicon carbide rod 2-1, a temperature control system, and a pressure control system. The overall shape of the three chambers of the inner furnace body 30 is cylindrical, each occupying 1/3 of the volume, and the outer furnace body is made of thermal insulation materials; the inner furnace body 30 and the outer furnace body 2 are not in contact with each other, The outer furnace body mainly plays the role of preventing the heat of the inner furnace body from dissipating to the outside. They are respectively fixed by the top cover 28; the inner furnace body 30 is driven by a stepping motor 25, and the stepping motor 25 is connected with the transmission shaft 29 on the top of the furnace body, which can precisely control the inner furnace body 30 to rotate 120° each time; Under the rotational motion of the stepping motor 25 as the driving member, the transmission shaft as the transmission member, and the inner furnace body as the driven member, the three chambers rotate intermittently relative to the top cover 28 and the heating base 3, and each chamber stays The time is mainly determined by factors such as the amount of domestic waste and water content in the drying room, and is adjusted by sensors and control systems; the heating base 3 is divided into three areas, which are divided into drying area 41, low-temperature pyrolysis area 42, and slag discharge area 43. According to the different temperature requirements of each warehouse, different numbers of silicon carbide rods are installed as electric heating elements for heating, and silicon carbide rods are arranged vertically between the inner furnace body 30 and the outer furnace body 2, and the number of silicon carbide rods in the drying area is Less than the number of silicon carbide rods in the low temperature pyrolysis zone, the slag discharge zone 43 is not arranged; the top of the low temperature pyrolysis zone 41 has a low temperature pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 20, which discharges the gas from the low temperature pyrolysis to the high temperature heat in the high temperature pyrolysis chamber. The tube is unpacked for further pyrolysis, and the low temperature pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 20 is provided with a pressure sensor 22 and a pressure reducing valve 21 to prevent the danger of excessive pressure in the furnace when the gas pressure is too large or the pipeline is blocked; The outer furnace body 2, the top cover 28 and the heating base 3 of the dissolving furnace are fixed, and only the inner furnace body 30 rotates concentrically with the transmission shaft, and the top cover 28 is between the outer furnace body 2 and the inner furnace body 30. It is sealed by a sealing ring and lubricated at the same time. The bottom of the inner furnace body 30 is tenon connected with the detachable bottom plate 302, and there is a flexible sealing material in the middle. When the detachable bottom plate 302 is assembled with the inner furnace body 30, the air pressure inside the inner furnace body and the pressure of the object will its compressed. When performing the slag removal operation, first open the slag discharge cover 32, then take out the bottom plate 302 at the bottom of the inner furnace body, remove the ash and slag, and then assemble it.

As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the high-temperature pyrolysis tube 36 has a U-shaped design, and the silicon carbide rod 35 is spirally wound around the outer wall of the high-temperature pyrolysis tube 36 for heating to increase the heating efficiency; the temperature of the high-temperature pyrolysis tube 36 is controlled at At about 950°C to 1000°C, the gas generated by the low-temperature pyrolysis is subjected to secondary pyrolysis, and the gas flows through the high-temperature pyrolysis tube 36 uninterruptedly to achieve continuous reaction; a spiral metal twisted belt 38 The high temperature pyrolysis tube 36 is inserted, so that the unidirectional fluid heat exchange in the pipeline is enhanced and the reaction fully occurs.

The air inlet 33 of the pyrolysis tube is tapered, the end near the inlet is a small end, the end near the thermal insulation shell is a large end, and the large end is connected with the thermal insulation shell; the gas outlet 37 of the pyrolysis tube is tapered, The end near the outlet is the small end, the end near the heat preservation shell is the big end, and the big end is connected with the heat preservation shell 34; The twisted belt 38; the silicon carbon rod 35 is spirally wound on the high temperature pyrolysis tube 36, which is convenient to increase the heating area and make the gas fully pyrolyzed; the metal twisted belt 38 is put into the high temperature pyrolysis tube 36 to make the gas turbulent The flow increases and the pyrolysis is sufficient.

In the exhaust gas treatment system, water enters from the water inlet 5 of the cooling chamber. When the temperature gradually rises and the cooling effect decreases, the water is discharged from the water outlet of the cooling chamber and enters the boiler 14 for further combustion and heating through the pyrolysis gas; the low temperature pyrolysis furnace and the The combustible synthesis gas produced by the high-temperature pyrolysis tube 36 contains macromolecular substances and large particulate substances, and also contains acid gases that are harmful to the air. Before burning it, purification treatment is required, mainly including acid removal and dust removal treatment; Acid treatment uses soda lime for acid removal treatment, and dust removal treatment uses dust removal bag; dust removal bag has a large resistance to gas flow. In order to ensure the smooth progress of the previous process, a fan is installed between the gas inlet pipes of the boiler to promote the gas flow in the pipe; finally it enters the boiler 14 to burn.

Control system, the control system can use PLC control device, the temperature, pressure and other parameters in the rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace can be displayed on the display screen, and the operator can change each parameter by adjusting, so as to realize the control of the whole system. Control and parameter adjustment. At the same time, there are a series of operation instructions on the display screen, which can control the feeding speed of the feeding mechanism, the opening and closing of the feeding port and the discharging port, the residence time of each chamber and the power of the fan unit, etc.

The temperature control system includes a drying chamber temperature sensor and a low temperature pyrolysis chamber temperature sensor. The control system controls the chamber temperature to maintain a stable and stable range to achieve the ideal pyrolysis effect and energy saving effect. The pressure control system is a pressure sensor 22 and a pressure reducing valve 21 .

The operation process of this pyrolysis hot water production system:

1. After the garbage is crushed by the double-shaft crusher 24, it enters the warehouse in the drying area 41 for drying treatment, so as to achieve the effect of high combustion calorific value when the garbage is dried.

2. When the garbage is dried to a pyrolyzable state, the inner furnace body 30 is rotated, and the warehouse is rotated to the low-temperature pyrolysis zone 42 for low-temperature pyrolysis, which is prone to generate difficult-to-decompose hazards due to its high temperature, such as Tar, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the temperature of this area rapidly, and the temperature increase speed of this area should be calculated in "seconds", and this area is intended to generate incomplete pyrolysis gas such as: tar, semi-tar, etc.;

3. The gas generated by low temperature pyrolysis is input to the high temperature pyrolysis tube to further control tar, promote the forward reaction, and carry out high temperature pyrolysis. This area completely pyrolyzes the gas generated during the previous stage of pyrolysis. This area also has high requirements for products, and considering the reduction of the generation of harmful substances, the temperature increase rate in this area should also be calculated in "seconds". The gas generated in this stage of pyrolysis will be transported to the tail gas treatment system through pipelines for cooling treatment.

4. After the exhaust gas is transported to the exhaust gas treatment system, the heat exchange process is first performed, and the heat generated by the high temperature gas is exchanged with the heat exchange medium. The heat exchange system will be independently designed in this area to achieve high heat exchange efficiency. The advantage of high energy gradient utilization.

5. After the exhaust gas is purified and processed, it is input to the boiler at the tail end for combustion to provide clean energy for the boiler heating water.

The working process of the present invention is:

The first step: put the organic domestic waste into the feed port 26, and the feed port 26 is in the shape of an inverted cone, which is conducive to the use of its own gravity to enter the double-shaft crusher 24 for crushing. It acts as a temporary storage for garbage that cannot be disposed of in time. Since the object of treatment is the organic waste of villages and towns, after analyzing the composition of the waste, it is found that flexible substances such as organic matter and moisture account for a large proportion, while the proportion of non-breakable waste such as metals and chemically harmful substances is extremely low in the composition, so there is no need to do any treatment on the waste. After pre-sorting, it directly enters the twin-shaft crusher 24 for crushing.

The second step: the domestic organic waste after crushing and extrusion by the double-shaft crusher 24 directly enters the drying chamber of the rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace below, that is, the warehouse on the inner furnace body located in the drying area, and the garbage is stored in the drying chamber. The drying temperature is about 150°C. After drying for 15 minutes, the PLC control device controls the stepper motor 25 as the active part to drive the upper drive shaft 29 to rotate the warehouse by 120°, and the drying chamber in the drying area rotates to the low-temperature pyrolysis area. , the temperature in the warehouse is correspondingly raised from the drying temperature to the temperature required for low-temperature pyrolysis. The general temperature range is set in the adjustable range of 650 ° C ~ 700 ° C. The pyrolysis reaction of garbage occurs in this area, producing combustible gases CO, CH4 , H2, CO2, macromolecular organic gases, etc., also produce tar, semi-tar, coke and other substances. At the same time, garbage can continue to be put into the feeding port 26, and after being crushed by the double-shaft crusher 24, it is put into the warehouse that has just been rotated into the drying area, and the drying reaction is carried out, so as to realize the uninterrupted treatment of the garbage. The generated gas is discharged from the low-temperature pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 20 connected to the low-temperature pyrolysis gas outlet hole on the top cover, and is transported to the high-temperature pyrolysis pipe 36 along with the pipeline to suppress the generation of tar at a high temperature while promoting the forward progress of the reversible reaction, increasing the size of the gas. The degree of pyrolysis of molecular organic gases. The high-temperature pyrolysis tube 36 has a U-shaped design as shown in Figure 6 above, and the silicon carbide rod 35 is spirally wound on the wall of the high-temperature pyrolysis tube 36 for winding heating, which can make the pyrolysis tube more fully heated and improve the heating efficiency at the same time. . The temperature in this area is generally set in an adjustable range of 950°C to 1000°C. At the same time, a pressure sensor 22 and a pressure reducing valve 21 are installed between the low temperature pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 20 between the low temperature pyrolysis chamber and the high temperature pyrolysis pipe 36. When the gas pressure is too large or the macromolecular substances are blocked during the gas transmission process, the gas When the pressure in the chamber is too large due to blockage, the pressure reducing valve 21 performs pressure reduction work to ensure the safety of the reaction chamber. The gas after high temperature pyrolysis is input into the integrated tail gas treatment system of "cooling chamber 7-acid removal chamber 8-dust removal chamber 9" for processing of pyrolysis gas.

The third step: the high-temperature pyrolysis gas first enters the cooling chamber 7 for heat exchange cooling treatment, and the gas is cooled by a water bath cooling method, and the water can collect the waste heat of the gas at the same time. The cooling pipes used for gas transportation are arranged in a spiral shape in the cooling chamber, which can improve the heat exchange efficiency and fully cool the high-temperature gas in the cooling pipes. The water in the water bath enters from the water inlet 5 of the cooling chamber, and the water inlet 5 of the cooling chamber can be connected with a tap water pipe. When the water in the cooling chamber is full, the valve automatically closes the water inlet. At the same time, there will be a small amount of tar precipitation during the cooling process, so a tar collection pipe is arranged at the bottom of the cooling pipe, and the tar is collected and discharged from the tar discharge port 6 to prevent the tar from blocking the gas pipeline; Residual tar remaining at the bottom of the cooling tube. The high-temperature pyrolysis gas flows into the acid removal chamber 8 for acid removal, and then enters the dust removal chamber 9 to dedust the large-particle impurities in the combustible gas. A fan 12 is installed in the middle of the air outlet 10 of the dust removal chamber at the rear end of the dust removal chamber 9 to relieve the resistance to the gas flow during the dust removal process and ensure that the gas can enter the boiler for combustion. When the water in the cooling chamber reaches a certain temperature after heat exchange, it is discharged from the water pipe 17 and enters the boiler through the branch water inlet. After the water is completely discharged, the water inlet 5 of the cooling chamber continues to feed water, so as to achieve batch use of tap water for heat exchange the goal of. When the water bath water in the cooling chamber reaches a certain temperature so that its cooling effect decreases, water is fed through the main water inlet 16 of the boiler. The heating fuel uses the pyrolysis mixed gas obtained by pyrolysis before, that is, the gas coming out of the dust chamber. When the water is heated to a certain temperature, the water is output from the boiler water outlet 15 and can be used by local residents as domestic water.

Step 4: When the pyrolysis of the garbage in the low temperature pyrolysis chamber is completed, the inner furnace body is further rotated by 120° to the slag discharge area, and the low temperature pyrolysis chamber becomes the ash and slag collection chamber 31, which previously stayed in the slag discharge area. The warehouse in the area rotates to the drying area, and the warehouse staying in the drying area rotates to the low-temperature pyrolysis area for uninterrupted waste pyrolysis reaction, and the above process is repeated. The outer furnace body is provided with a slag discharge cover 32 at the bottom of the ash and slag collection chamber 31 as a door switch. The operator can observe the accumulation of ash and slag in the ash and slag collection warehouse through the slag discharge cover 32, and when it reaches a certain amount, it can be used as ash. Slag cleaning.

Claims (4)

1. a movable village and town garbage multi-stage sub-chamber pyrolysis hot water production system is characterized in that: comprising a feeding mechanism with a crushing device, a rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace, a high-temperature pyrolysis chamber, a tail gas treatment system and a PLC Control device, the feeding mechanism with crushing device, the rotary low temperature pyrolysis furnace, the high temperature pyrolysis chamber, and the tail gas treatment system are respectively connected with the PLC control device, and the tail gas treatment system includes a cooling chamber, an acid removal chamber, a dust removal chamber A room, a fan and a boiler for making hot water, the feeding mechanism is installed above the rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace, and the discharge end of the feeding mechanism is connected to the feeding port of the rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace, so The high temperature pyrolysis chamber is located above the cooling chamber, the cooling chamber is located above the acid removal chamber, the acid removal chamber is located above the dust removal chamber, and the upper left side of the boiler is provided with a main water inlet and a branch water inlet, The boiler water outlet is arranged in the middle part of the right side of the boiler, and the boiler air inlet is arranged in the lower left part of the boiler. The water inlet of the cooling chamber and the main water inlet of the boiler are respectively connected with the water supply device. The water outlet of the boiler is connected to the branch water inlet of the boiler through a water delivery pipe, and a tar collection pipe is arranged in the cooling chamber. The tar collection pipe is located below the cooling pipe and communicates with the bottom of the cooling pipe. A tar cleaning hole is respectively provided on both sides, the left and right ends of the tar collecting pipe are respectively extended from the tar cleaning hole on the corresponding side, the right port of the tar collecting pipe is a residual tar cleaning port, and the tar collecting pipe The left end of the tar is bent downward and connected with the tar drainage plate to form a tar discharge port; The air outlet of the rotary low temperature pyrolysis furnace is connected with the air inlet of the high temperature pyrolysis chamber through the low temperature pyrolysis air outlet pipe, the air outlet of the high temperature pyrolysis chamber is connected with the air inlet of the cooling chamber, and the outlet of the cooling chamber is connected. The air port is connected with the air inlet of the acid removal chamber, the air outlet of the acid removal chamber is connected with the air inlet of the dust removal chamber, the air outlet of the dust removal chamber is connected with the inlet of the fan through the air outlet pipe of the dust removal chamber, and the outlet of the fan passes through The boiler gas inlet pipe is connected with the boiler inlet; the low temperature pyrolysis gas outlet pipe is provided with a pressure sensor and a pressure reducing valve, the pressure sensor is connected with the PLC control device, and the PLC control device is connected with the pressure reducing valve; The waste is crushed by the crushing device of the feeding mechanism and discharged from the discharge end, and then enters the pyrolysis furnace through the feed port of the rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace, and after drying and low-temperature pyrolysis, the gas passes through the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace. The gas outlet pipe enters the high temperature pyrolysis chamber, the ash and slag are cleaned out, and after the gas passes through the high temperature pyrolysis chamber for high temperature pyrolysis, it passes through the cooling chamber, the acid removal chamber and the dust removal chamber for cooling, acid removal and dust removal, and finally enters the boiler burn inside. 2 . The movable multi-stage and sub-chamber pyrolysis hot water production system for villages and towns as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the pyrolysis hot water production system further comprises a chassis and a universal universal with a locking mechanism. 3 . The four corners of the bottom of the chassis are respectively provided with a universal wheel. 3 . The movable multi-stage and divided-chamber pyrolysis hot water production system for villages and towns according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotary low-temperature pyrolysis furnace comprises a support, an inner furnace body, and an outer furnace. body, heating base, top cover, a rotating mechanism for rotating the inner furnace body, and three small hydraulic presses for lifting the top cover. The partition plates are arranged at 120° to each other, the bottom plate of each warehouse is a sector with a central angle of 120° and is respectively connected with the inner furnace body in a detachable manner. The rotating mechanism includes an upper transmission shaft, a lower transmission shaft and Stepping motor, the lower end of the upper transmission shaft is fixed on the upper connection points of the three partition plates, and the upper end of the lower transmission shaft is fixed on the lower end connection points of the three partition plates; The heating base includes a base body and an annular protrusion, the annular protrusion is installed on the base body, and the annular protrusion is provided with an external thread, and the annular protrusion is divided into three areas by three spacers, which are the drying area respectively. , low temperature pyrolysis zone and slag discharge zone, the three spacers are arranged at 120° to each other and overlap with the three separator plates. Electric heating tubes are provided on both the drying zone and the low temperature pyrolysis zone. The number of electric heating pipes in the heating area is more than that in the drying area, and there are transmission shaft installation holes at the connection points of the three spacers, and the lower end of the lower transmission shaft is rotatably installed on the transmission shaft through a thrust ball bearing. in the shaft mounting hole; The outer furnace body is sleeved outside the inner furnace body and is provided with a gap between the inner furnace body, the lower end of the outer furnace body is threadedly connected with the annular protrusion, and three heat insulation boards are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the outer furnace body. The three heat shields correspond to the three spacers on the heating base one-to-one and are on the same radius. The gap between the outer furnace body and the inner furnace body is also divided into three areas, which are the drying area and the low-temperature pyrolysis area. The drying zone and the low temperature pyrolysis zone are provided with silicon carbide rods for heating, and the silicon carbide rods are arranged vertically. The number of silicon carbide rods in the low temperature heating zone is more than that in the drying zone. the number of carbon rods; The top cover is provided with a feed port, a drying gas outlet hole, a low temperature pyrolysis gas outlet and a transmission shaft through hole, and the low temperature pyrolysis gas outlet is the gas outlet of the rotary low temperature pyrolysis furnace. The feed inlet and the drying gas outlet are arranged in the same area, this area corresponds to the upper and lower sides of the drying area, and is connected to one of the chambers of the inner furnace body at the same time, and the low temperature pyrolysis air outlet corresponds to the upper and lower low temperature pyrolysis area. It is communicated with another compartment of the inner furnace body, and the upper end of the upper transmission shaft is connected with the output shaft of the stepping motor through the through hole of the transmission shaft, and the stepping motor is installed on the bracket; the bottom of the top cover is connected with The drying zone and the low temperature pyrolysis zone are respectively provided with a drying chamber temperature sensor and a low temperature pyrolysis chamber temperature sensor, and the drying chamber temperature sensor and the low temperature pyrolysis chamber temperature sensor are respectively connected with the PLC control device; Three small hydraulic presses are arranged around the outer furnace body at equal intervals, the cylinder body of each small hydraulic press is fixedly installed on the base body, the top rod of each small hydraulic press is connected with the top cover, and the top cover is between the outer furnace body and the inner furnace body. The outer furnace body is provided with a slag discharge port in the slag discharge area, and a slag discharge cover is provided at the slag discharge port; the electric heating tube and the silicon carbide rod are respectively connected with the power supply equipment, and the PLC control device is respectively connected with the step Incoming motor, small hydraulic press, electric heating tube, silicon carbon rod connection; The garbage enters into one of the warehouses of the inner furnace body from the feeding port on the top cover. The warehouse is located in the drying area. When the garbage reaches a certain amount, the electric heating tube and the silicon carbide rod on the drying area begin to heat up. After drying, the top cover is lifted up and separated from the inner furnace body by three small hydraulic presses, and then the stepping motor drives the upper transmission shaft to rotate, thereby driving the inner furnace body to rotate 120°, so that the garbage containing the dried garbage will rotate. The warehouse is rotated to the low-temperature pyrolysis area. After the low-temperature pyrolysis, the inner furnace body is then rotated by 120°, so that the warehouse containing the low-temperature pyrolysis garbage is rotated to the slag discharge area, and the slag discharge cover is opened. The bottom plate of the inner furnace body chamber is removed to realize slag discharge. After the slag discharge, the inner furnace body continues to rotate 120°, so that the chamber after the slag discharge returns to the drying area and continues to feed, while other When the two compartments are rotated to different areas, the corresponding operations in the area are performed. 4. A movable multi-stage waste-compartment pyrolysis system for producing hot water in villages and towns as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the high-temperature pyrolysis chamber is provided with a high-temperature pyrolysis tube, a thermal insulation shell, a thermal The air inlet of the pyrolysis tube, the air outlet of the pyrolysis tube, the silicon carbide rod for heating and the metal twisted belt, the air inlet of the pyrolysis tube is the air inlet of the high temperature pyrolysis chamber, and the air outlet of the pyrolysis tube is The air outlet of the high temperature pyrolysis chamber, the high temperature pyrolysis tube and the heat preservation shell are both U-shaped, the heat preservation shell is sheathed outside the high temperature pyrolysis tube, and the air inlet of the pyrolysis tube and the air outlet of the pyrolysis tube are respectively connected with the air outlet. The two ends of the high temperature pyrolysis tube are connected; The silicon carbon rod is located in the thermal insulation shell and is spirally wound outside the high temperature pyrolysis tube. The silicon carbon rod is also connected to the PLC control device. A spiral metal twisted belt is arranged in the high temperature pyrolysis tube. Both the air inlet of the solution tube and the air outlet of the pyrolysis tube are tapered, and the end connected with the thermal insulation shell is the big end.