CN108344287B - Energy-saving and environment-friendly large-scale grain drying complete device and drying method - Google Patents

Energy-saving and environment-friendly large-scale grain drying complete device and drying method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108344287B
CN108344287B CN201810150309.7A CN201810150309A CN108344287B CN 108344287 B CN108344287 B CN 108344287B CN 201810150309 A CN201810150309 A CN 201810150309A CN 108344287 B CN108344287 B CN 108344287B
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China
Prior art keywords
coal
energy
hot
saving
air
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CN201810150309.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108344287A (en
Inventor
杨晓明
白金元
张忠杰
杜军科
韩卫国
姚渠
尹君
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MCC Tiangong Group Tianjin Corp Ltd
Academy of State Administration of Grain
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MCC Tiangong Group Tianjin Corp Ltd
Academy of State Administration of Grain
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Priority to CN201810150309.7A priority Critical patent/CN108344287B/en
Publication of CN108344287A publication Critical patent/CN108344287A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
    • F26B21/002—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure heating the drying air indirectly, i.e. using a heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
    • F24H3/08—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by tubes
    • F24H3/087—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by tubes using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/20—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
    • F23J2217/101—Baghouse type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
    • F23K2201/10—Pulverizing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/06—Grains, e.g. cereals, wheat, rice, corn
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an energy-saving and environment-friendly large-scale grain drying complete device and a drying method. The energy-saving and environment-friendly large-scale grain drying complete equipment comprises a coal feeding system 100, a combustion system 200, a heat exchange system 300 and an exhaust gas and waste residue treatment system 400; the energy-saving and environment-friendly large-scale grain drying method comprises the steps of utilizing a coal feeding system 100 to prepare raw coal into crushed coal, delivering the crushed coal into a combustion system 200, preparing pulverized coal in the combustion system 200 and burning the pulverized coal to generate soot, enabling the soot to enter a heat exchange system 300 to exchange heat with cold air, drying grains by the heated cold air, and recycling dust and waste gas generated in the pulverized coal burning process by a waste gas and waste residue treatment system 400, and performing harmless treatment and emission. The invention has the advantages of low operation cost, high working efficiency and low labor intensity of personnel, and meets the environmental protection requirement.

Description

Energy-saving and environment-friendly large-scale grain drying complete device and drying method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of grain drying, and particularly relates to a large-scale grain drying device and a large-scale grain drying method.
Background
China is a country with a plurality of people, and along with the continuous growth of population, a large amount of grains are required to be dried and stored in order to meet the grain demands of China. How to ensure the quality of stored grains for a long time, a plurality of grain drying devices are established in each region in a targeted way in China, and in order to ensure that grains can be thoroughly dried and the loss is less, the development of grain drying technology is extremely important.
By researching the fuel used by the grain drying device of the corn in northeast China and the rice in south China at present, the investigation is seen: the heat source using coal as fuel accounts for 85%; the heat source using natural gas as fuel accounts for 7%; the heat source taking biomass renewable energy as fuel accounts for 3 percent; the heat source using alcohol-based fuel and alcohol ether fuel as fuel accounts for 5%. Because of different fuels, the large-scale grain drying cost is different, and the cost of adopting fuels other than coal as drying heat sources is high, the enterprise operation cost is high. Therefore, in the current grain drying field, there is a need to reduce the running cost, improve the efficiency and reduce the labor intensity of personnel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the efficiency of the existing grain drying equipment is low, the temperature control is unstable, the coal burning cost is reduced, the temperature control is ensured from the technical point of view, the color and the volume weight of grains are equivalent to those of natural sunlight air drying, and the grade of grains is improved. Therefore, the invention provides the energy-saving and environment-friendly large-scale grain drying device and the drying method, which can reduce the grain drying operation cost, improve the drying efficiency and reduce the working intensity of personnel.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an energy-concerving and environment-protective scale grain stoving complete sets, its characterized in that: the system comprises a coal feeding system, a combustion system, a heat exchange system and a waste gas and waste residue treatment system;
the coal feeding system is used for preparing raw coal into crushed coal and conveying the crushed coal to the combustion system; the coal feeding device comprises a feeding funnel, a vibrating feeder, a raw coal crusher, an inclined coal feeding conveyor and a coal bin, wherein round steel grate bars are arranged at the upper part of the feeding funnel, and the funnel is arranged at the lower part of the feeding funnel;
the vibrating feeder is arranged on the feeding funnel, the lower opening of the vibrating feeder is connected with the raw coal crusher, and through the arrangement, coal blocks can be prevented from being blocked in the funnel, and the working efficiency is improved;
the raw coal crusher is arranged to prepare raw coal into crushed coal and convey the crushed coal to the coal bunker through the inclined coal feeding conveyor, the inclined coal feeding conveyor is provided with an iron remover, and an outlet of the coal bunker is connected with the conveying mechanism. Through setting up the de-ironing separator, can get rid of the Fe-based impurity in the crushed coal, improve the purity of crushed coal and then improve the purity of later preparation buggy to improve combustion efficiency.
The combustion system comprises a conveying mechanism, a coal grinding mechanism, a coal injection mechanism, a combustor and an energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove: the conveying mechanism is connected with the coal feeding system, and comprises but is not limited to a conveyor belt conveying mechanism or a spiral conveying mechanism, and preferably, the conveying mechanism adopts the spiral conveying mechanism, so that the structure is simple, and the tightness is good.
The coal grinding mechanism is connected with the coal feeding system through the conveying mechanism, the coal grinding mechanism is connected with the coal injection mechanism, the coal injection mechanism is connected with the burner, and as optimization, the coal grinding mechanism and the coal injection mechanism are coal grinding and coal injection integrated machines, a hopper is arranged on the upper parts of the coal grinding and coal injection integrated machines, coal grinding blades and fan blades are arranged inside the coal grinding and coal injection integrated machines, and the coal grinding and coal injection integrated machines are connected with the burner through coal injection connecting pipes. Through the arrangement, the equipment volume can be reduced, the working space is saved, and the working system is more intensified.
The auxiliary air duct is arranged on the outer side of the burner, and before the pulverized coal enters the burner for combustion, the burner can be preheated, so that the combustion process starts from a proper temperature, and the combustion is more complete.
The energy-saving pulverized coal hot-blast stove is airtight, a combustor inlet, a flue outlet and a hot-blast stove ash removal port are arranged on the energy-saving pulverized coal hot-blast stove, and the energy-saving pulverized coal hot-blast stove is connected with the combustor through the combustor inlet; through the arrangement, the combustion process is a totally-enclosed process, the heat energy utilization efficiency is high, and the working environment is improved.
Preferably, the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast furnace further comprises a desulfurization device, wherein the desulfurization device is connected with the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast furnace through desulfurization holes arranged on the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast furnace. Through the arrangement, sulfur in the coal dust in combustion can be removed, sulfur dioxide pollution in tail gas is reduced, and environmental protection effect is improved.
Preferably, the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast furnace further comprises a denitration device, wherein the denitration device is connected with the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast furnace through a denitration nozzle arranged on the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast furnace. Through the arrangement, nitrogen oxide components in the flue gas can be removed, nitrogen oxide pollution in the tail gas is reduced, and the environmental protection effect is improved.
The heat exchange system comprises a heat exchanger, a hot smoke inlet, a hot smoke outlet, a heat exchanger ash removal port, a cold air pipeline, a hot air chamber, an air supply fan and a drying tower, wherein the hot smoke inlet, the hot smoke outlet and the heat exchanger ash removal port are arranged on the heat exchanger;
the cold air pipeline is arranged to sequentially pass through the outer side of the combustor, the inside of the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove and the inside of the heat exchanger, cold air in the cold air pipeline can be heated for multiple times through the arrangement, and the heat exchange efficiency is high.
One end of the cold air pipeline is provided with a cold air inlet, the other end of the cold air pipeline is connected with the hot air chamber, and the air supply fan is used for conveying hot air in the hot air chamber to the drying tower; through the arrangement, the pure gas which exchanges heat with the hot soot is adopted to heat grains instead of directly heating the grains by using hot gas generated by fire coal, so that the pollution to the grains is avoided.
As the preference, be provided with the explosion venting device on the hot smoke outlet of heat exchanger, through above setting, can carry out urgent release when system pressure is too big, make the whole system safer.
The waste gas and waste residue treatment system comprises a negative pressure pipeline, a cloth bag dust remover, a DMC superfine cloth bag dust remover, a dust removal fan and a chimney; the negative pressure pipeline is connected with the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove through the hot blast stove ash cleaning port, is connected with the heat exchanger through the heat exchanger ash cleaning port, and is connected with the bag-type dust remover; through the arrangement, manual ash removal is avoided, labor intensity is reduced, and working efficiency is high.
The DMC superfine cloth bag dust collector is connected with the heat exchanger through the hot smoke outlet, and the other end of the DMC superfine cloth bag dust collector is connected with the chimney through the dust removing fan; through the arrangement, the discharged waste gas can reach the environmental protection standard, and the dust content in the waste gas is reduced.
Preferably, the device further comprises an air compression system, wherein the air compression system is used for providing compressed air for the bag-type dust collector and the DMC superfine bag-type dust collector, the air compression system comprises a compressor, an air storage tank and a branch air cylinder, the compressor is connected with the air storage tank through an oil-water separator, the air storage tank is connected with the branch air cylinder through a pressure reducing valve, and the branch air cylinder is respectively connected with compressed air inlets of the bag-type dust collector and the DMC superfine bag-type dust collector. By introducing the air compression system, the working system of the whole device is more complete, and meanwhile, potential safety hazards possibly brought by storing the compressed air tank are avoided.
Preferably, the burner and/or the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove and/or the heat exchanger and/or the drying tower are provided with a plurality of temperature sensors, and the conveying mechanism is arranged to be capable of manually and/or automatically adjusting the feeding amount according to the sensing numerical value of the temperature sensors. Through the arrangement, the supply quantity of the pulverized coal can be adjusted according to the temperature requirement, and the combustion degree is further adjusted, so that the effect of adjusting the temperature is achieved.
Further, when automatically regulated, conveying speed and the sensor temperature of conveying mechanism are negative feedback regulation, namely conveying speed of conveying mechanism can reduce when the sensor temperature risees, through above setting, improved temperature regulation system's stability, make the control by temperature change more accurate.
The drying method of the energy-saving and environment-friendly large-scale grain drying device using the device comprises the following steps:
s1, raw coal is prepared into crushed coal through the coal feeding system and is conveyed to the conveying mechanism; through the steps, the primary crushing of the raw coal is finished, fe-based impurities in the raw coal are removed, and the purity of the coal is improved, so that the combustion efficiency is improved.
S2, adjusting the conveying speed of a conveying mechanism according to the required temperature, conveying crushed coal into a coal grinding mechanism by the conveying mechanism, and preparing the crushed coal into coal dust by the coal grinding mechanism; through the steps, raw coal is further crushed, the contact area of the coal and air is increased, so that the combustion efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the temperature control is more stable due to adjustable conveying speed.
S3, preheating the burner, and enabling cold air to enter the cold air pipeline from the cold air inlet; by the above arrangement, combustion is started at a proper temperature, and combustion efficiency is improved.
S4, enabling the pulverized coal to enter the coal injection mechanism, injecting the pulverized coal into the combustor to be mixed with air for combustion, enabling cold air to pass through a pipe section of the cold air pipeline, which is positioned on the outer side of the combustor, assisting the pulverized coal to burn and enabling the cold air to be heated; through the steps, the pulverized coal and the air are fully mixed, the contact area of the pulverized coal and the air is increased, so that the combustion efficiency is improved, further, the cold air pipeline positioned outside the burner serves as a combustion-supporting air pipeline of the burner, the combustion efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the cold air in the cold air pipe is heated by utilizing the heat emitted by the burner, and the utilization rate of heat energy is improved.
S5, the burnt coal dust enters the energy-saving coal dust hot air furnace for secondary combustion, meanwhile, cold air passes through a pipe section of the cold air pipeline, which is positioned at the inner side of the energy-saving coal dust hot air furnace, and is heated again, and meanwhile, coal ash generated in the energy-saving coal dust hot air furnace enters the bag-type dust collector through the negative pressure pipeline through the ash cleaning opening of the hot air furnace; through the steps, the pulverized coal is subjected to secondary combustion, so that the combustion is more sufficient, the combustion efficiency is improved, the cold air in the cold air pipe is reheated by the heat generated in the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove, the utilization rate of heat energy is improved, the pulverized coal is sucked into the negative pressure pipeline to enter the bag-type dust collector due to the air pressure effect, the trouble of manual ash removal is avoided, the labor intensity is reduced, and the pulverized coal can be collected for reuse.
S6, hot smoke generated by the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove enters the heat exchanger through the hot smoke inlet to exchange heat, meanwhile cold air enters a pipe section of the cold air pipeline positioned in the heat exchanger to exchange heat, and meanwhile coal ash brought into the heat exchanger through the heat exchanger ash removing port enters the bag-type dust collector through the negative pressure pipeline; through the steps, the heated hot soot and the cold air in the cold air pipe are subjected to sufficient heat exchange, and meanwhile, the soot is sucked into the negative pressure pipeline to enter the bag-type dust collector due to the air pressure effect, so that the trouble of manual soot removal is avoided, the labor intensity is reduced, and meanwhile, the soot can be collected for reuse.
S7, enabling the hot smoke to enter the DMC superfine cloth bag dust remover through the hot smoke outlet after heat exchange, and then sequentially discharging the hot smoke into the atmosphere through the dust removing fan and the chimney; through the steps, the smoke content in the tail gas is reduced, and the environmental protection requirement is met.
S8, storing the heated cold air into the hot air chamber after heat exchange;
s9, the air supply fan supplies the cold air heated in the hot air chamber to the drying tower for grain drying. Through the steps, the grain is dried, and the heated cold air used for drying the grain is not in direct contact with the coal dust, so that the pollution to the grain is avoided.
In summary, by adopting the technical scheme, the method has the following positive effects:
(1) The temperature control is accurate, and the grain quality is improved;
(2) The operation is totally closed, and the working environment is improved;
(3) Manual ash removal is removed, so that the labor intensity is reduced;
(4) The dust-removing and collecting waste materials can be reused;
(5) The emission reaches the standard, and the dust emission standard is advanced;
(6) The heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the blockage is avoided;
(7) The performance index reaches the environmental protection emission standard.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coal charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a combustion system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a combustion system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a coal grinding and coal injection integrated machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a heat exchange system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a heat exchange system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an exhaust gas and waste residue treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an air compression system according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure:
100. a coal feeding system; 200. a combustion system; 300. a heat exchange system;
400. a waste gas and waste residue treatment system; 500. an air compression system; 600. a temperature sensor;
110. a loading hopper; 120. a vibratory feeder; 130. a raw coal crusher;
140. tilting the coal feeding conveyor; 141. an iron remover; 150. a coal bunker;
210a, a screw conveyor mechanism; 211a, a driving motor; 220. a coal grinding mechanism;
230. a coal injection mechanism; 231. a coal injection air inlet; 232. a coal injection connecting pipe;
240. a burner; 241. an igniter; 250. energy-saving pulverized coal hot-blast stove;
221. grinding coal blades; 222. a fan blade;
251. a burner inlet; 252. a flue outlet; 253. ash removing port of hot blast stove;
310. a hot smoke inlet; 320. a hot smoke outlet; 330. a cold air duct;
331. a cool air inlet; 332. a burner tube section; 333. a hot blast stove pipe section;
334. a heat exchanger tube section; 340. an ash removing port of the heat exchanger; 350. explosion venting device;
311. a calcium spraying device; 360. a hot air chamber; 370. an air supply fan;
380. a drying tower; 420. a bag-type dust collector; 430. DMC superfine cloth bag dust collector;
431. an ash discharge valve; 432. back-flushing the contact;
440. a dust removal fan; 450. a chimney; 510. a compressor;
520. an oil-water separator; 530. a gas storage tank; 540. a pressure reducing valve;
550. a split cylinder; 210b, a conveyor belt conveying mechanism; 211b, drive wheels;
111. round steel grate bars; 112. a funnel;
260. a desulfurizing device; 261. desulfurization holes; 270. a denitration device;
271. a denitration nozzle; 410. negative pressure pipeline.
Detailed Description
The following description will illustrate the invention in terms of a preferred embodiment thereof:
as shown in fig. 1, an overall structural schematic of an embodiment of the present invention includes a coal charging system 100, a combustion system 200, a heat exchange system 300, an exhaust gas and waste residue treatment system 400, an air compression system 500, and a temperature sensor 600.
As shown in fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a coal charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention, the coal charging system 100 is configured to prepare raw coal into crushed coal and deliver the crushed coal to a combustion system 200; the device comprises a feeding funnel 110, a vibrating feeder 120, a raw coal crusher 130, an inclined coal feeding conveyor 140 and a coal bin 150, wherein in the embodiment, preferably, the upper part of the feeding funnel 110 is provided with round steel grate bars 111, the lower part of the feeding funnel 110 is provided with a funnel 112, and by the arrangement, coal blocks can be firstly contacted with the round steel grate bars 111 when falling into the feeding funnel 110, so that the coal blocks can be prevented from directly impacting the funnel 112, and the service life of the funnel 112 is prolonged;
the vibration feeder 120 is arranged on the feeding funnel 110, the lower opening of the vibration feeder 120 is connected with the raw coal crusher 130, and through the arrangement, coal blocks can be prevented from being blocked in the funnel 112, and the working efficiency is improved;
the raw coal crusher 130 is provided for preparing raw coal into crushed coal and conveying the crushed coal to the coal bunker 150 by the inclined coal conveyor 140, and an outlet of the coal bunker 150 is connected to a conveying mechanism. The coal bin 150 is mainly configured to store a certain amount of crushed coal, and preferably, the iron remover 141 is disposed on the inclined coal feeding conveyor 140 in this embodiment, and Fe-based impurities in the crushed coal can be removed by disposing the iron remover 141, so that the purity of the crushed coal is improved, and the purity of the prepared pulverized coal is improved, thereby improving the combustion efficiency.
As shown in fig. 3, a schematic diagram of a combustion system according to an embodiment of the present invention, the combustion system 200 includes a conveying mechanism, a coal grinding mechanism 220, a coal injection mechanism 230, a burner 240 and an energy-saving pulverized coal stove 250: the conveying mechanism is connected with the coal feeding system 100, and the conveying mechanism includes, but is not limited to, a conveyor belt conveying mechanism 210b or a screw conveying mechanism 210a, and in this embodiment, the conveying mechanism adopts the screw conveying mechanism 210a, so that the structure is simple and the tightness is good.
The coal grinding mechanism 220 is connected with the coal feeding system 100 through a conveying mechanism, the coal grinding mechanism 220 is connected with the coal injection mechanism 230, the coal injection mechanism 230 is connected with the combustor 240, and preferably, in the embodiment, the coal grinding mechanism 220 and the coal injection mechanism 230 are integrated coal grinding and coal injection machines, as shown in a schematic diagram of the integrated coal grinding and coal injection machine in an embodiment of the invention in fig. 5, a hopper is arranged at the upper part of the integrated coal grinding and coal injection machine, a coal grinding blade 221 and a fan blade 222 are arranged in the integrated coal grinding and coal injection machine, the integrated coal grinding and coal injection machine is connected with the combustor 240 through a coal injection connecting pipe 232, and when the integrated coal grinding and coal injection machine is in operation, the integrated coal grinding and coal injection machine can obtain air from a coal injection air inlet 231 and inject coal dust into the combustor 240 along the coal injection connecting pipe 232. Through the arrangement of combining the coal grinding mechanism 220 and the coal injection mechanism 230 into a whole, the equipment volume can be reduced, the working space is saved, and the working system is more intensified.
The burner 240 is provided with the igniter 241, and the outside is provided with the auxiliary air duct, through above setting, can preheat the burner 240, let the burning go on from suitable temperature, can make the burning more abundant.
The energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove 250 is airtight, the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove 250 is provided with a burner inlet 251, a flue outlet 252 and a hot blast stove ash removal port 253, and the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove 250 is connected with the burner 240 through the burner inlet 251; through the arrangement, the combustion process is a totally-enclosed process, the heat energy utilization efficiency is high, and the working environment is improved.
In this embodiment, it is preferable to further include a desulfurization device 260, and the desulfurization device 260 is connected to the energy-saving pulverized coal stove 250 through a desulfurization hole 261 provided in the energy-saving pulverized coal stove 250. Through the arrangement, sulfur in the coal dust in combustion can be removed, sulfur dioxide pollution in tail gas is reduced, and environmental protection effect is improved.
In this embodiment, the apparatus further includes a denitration device 270, and the denitration device 270 is connected to the energy-saving pulverized coal stove 250 through a denitration nozzle 271 provided in the energy-saving pulverized coal stove 250. Through the arrangement, nitrogen oxide components in the flue gas can be removed, nitrogen oxide pollution in the tail gas is reduced, and the environmental protection effect is improved.
As shown in fig. 6, a schematic diagram of a heat exchange system according to an embodiment of the present invention and fig. 7, a schematic diagram of a working principle of a heat exchange system according to an embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange system 300 includes a heat exchanger, a hot smoke inlet 310, a hot smoke outlet 320 and a heat exchanger ash removing port 340 disposed on the heat exchanger, a cold air duct 330, a hot air chamber 360, an air supply fan 370 and a drying tower 380;
the cold air pipeline 330 is arranged to sequentially pass through the outer side of the combustor 240, the inside of the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove 250 and the inside of the heat exchanger, and cold air in the cold air pipeline 330 can be heated for multiple times through the arrangement, so that the heat exchange efficiency is high; the cold air pipelines 330 are densely distributed outside the burner 240, inside the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove 250 and inside the heat exchanger, and through the arrangement, the heat exchange path can be increased, so that the heat exchange is more sufficient.
One end of the cold air duct 330 is provided with a cold air inlet 331, and the other end is connected with the hot air chamber 360, and the air supply fan 370 is provided for conveying hot air in the hot air chamber 360 into the drying tower 380; through the arrangement, clean gas heated by hot soot in the cold air pipeline is adopted to heat grains instead of directly heating the grains by hot gas generated by fire coal, so that the pollution to the grains is avoided.
In this embodiment, as a preferable mode, the explosion venting device 350 is disposed on the hot smoke outlet 320 of the heat exchanger, so that emergency pressure relief can be performed when the system pressure is too high, explosion is avoided or damage degree is reduced, and the whole system is safer.
As shown in fig. 8, a schematic diagram of an exhaust gas and waste residue treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas and waste residue treatment system 400 includes a negative pressure pipeline 410, a bag-type dust collector 420, a dmc ultrafine bag-type dust collector 430, a dust removal fan 440, and a chimney 450; the negative pressure pipeline 410 is connected with the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove 250 through a hot blast stove ash removing port 253, the negative pressure pipeline 410 is connected with a heat exchanger through a heat exchanger ash removing port 340, and the negative pressure pipeline 410 is connected with the bag-type dust remover 420; through the arrangement, the coal ash in the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove 250 and the heat exchanger can be collected through the negative pressure effect and sent into the bag-type dust remover 420, so that manual ash removal is avoided, the labor intensity is reduced, and the working efficiency is high. The bag-type dust collector 420 collects the coal ash and stores the collected coal ash in an ash bin for convenient reuse.
The DMC superfine cloth bag dust collector 430 is connected with the heat exchanger through a hot smoke outlet 320, and the other end of the DMC superfine cloth bag dust collector 430 is connected with a chimney 450 through a dust removing fan 440; through the arrangement, the dust content in the waste gas can be reduced, so that the discharged waste gas reaches the environmental protection standard.
As shown in fig. 9, a schematic diagram of an air compression system according to an embodiment of the present invention, in this embodiment, an air compression system 500 is preferably further included, where the air compression system 500 is configured to provide compressed air for the bag-type dust collector 420 and the DMC ultrafine bag-type dust collector 430, and may also be configured to provide stable air flow for the coal injection mechanism 230 and the cold air duct 330. The air compression system 500 comprises a compressor 510, an air storage tank 530 and a sub-cylinder 550, wherein the compressor 510 is connected with the air storage tank 530 through an oil-water separator 520, the air storage tank 530 is connected with the sub-cylinder 550 through a pressure reducing valve 540, and the sub-cylinder 550 is respectively connected with compressed air inlets on the bag-type dust collector 420 and the DMC ultrafine bag-type dust collector 430. By arranging the air compression system 500, the whole device working system is more complete, and meanwhile, potential safety hazards possibly caused by storing too many compressed air tanks are avoided.
In the present embodiment, a plurality of temperature sensors 600 are provided on the burner 240 and the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove 250 and the heat exchanger and the drying tower 380, and the conveying mechanism is configured to manually and automatically adjust the feeding amount according to the sensing value of the temperature sensors 600. In the embodiment, the device is represented as a driving part of a conveying mechanism, and the rotating speed of the direct-current variable-frequency motor can be changed according to the reading of the temperature sensor 600; when the rotating speed of the direct current variable frequency motor is reduced, the supply quantity of coal dust is reduced, the combustion heat release is reduced, and the temperature is reduced. Through the arrangement, the supply quantity of the pulverized coal can be adjusted according to the temperature requirement, and the combustion scale is further adjusted, so that the effect of adjusting the temperature is achieved.
Further, preferably, during the automatic adjustment, the conveying speed of the conveying mechanism and the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor 600 are in negative feedback adjustment, that is, when the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor 600 increases, the conveying speed of the conveying mechanism decreases, the supply amount of the pulverized coal decreases, the heat release of combustion decreases, and the temperature decreases; when the temperature sensor 600 senses that the temperature rises, the conveying speed of the conveying mechanism is increased, the supply amount of coal dust is increased, the combustion heat release is increased, and the temperature rises; therefore, the temperature is always kept in a certain range, and through the arrangement, the stability of a temperature regulating system is improved, and the temperature control is more accurate.
The energy-saving and environment-friendly large-scale grain drying method provided by the invention is described in combination with a preferred embodiment of the invention:
s1, raw coal is prepared into crushed coal through a coal feeding system 100 and is conveyed to a conveying mechanism; through the above steps, the preliminary pulverizing of the raw coal is completed using the raw coal breaker 130, and the Fe-based impurities in the raw coal are removed using the iron remover 141 provided on the inclined coal feeding conveyor 140, thereby improving the purity of the coal and thus the combustion efficiency.
S2, adjusting the conveying speed of a conveying mechanism according to the required temperature, conveying crushed coal into a coal grinding mechanism 220 by the conveying mechanism, and preparing the crushed coal into pulverized coal by the coal grinding mechanism 220; through the steps, raw coal is further crushed, the contact area of the coal and air is increased, so that the combustion efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the temperature control is more stable due to adjustable conveying speed.
S3, the igniter 241 preheats the burner 240, and meanwhile, cold air enters the cold air pipeline 330 from the cold air inlet 331; by the above arrangement, combustion is started at a proper temperature, and combustion efficiency is improved.
S4, pulverized coal enters a coal injection mechanism 230, is injected into a combustor 240 to be mixed with air for combustion, and meanwhile cold air passes through a combustor pipe section 332 positioned outside the combustor 240 through a cold air pipeline 330 to assist the pulverized coal to burn and heat the cold air; through the steps, the pulverized coal and the air are fully mixed, the contact area of the pulverized coal and the air is increased, so that the combustion efficiency is improved, further, the cold air pipeline 330 positioned outside the burner 240 serves as a combustion-supporting air pipeline of the burner 240, the combustion efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the cold air in the cold air pipeline 330 is heated by utilizing the heat emitted by the burner 240, and the utilization rate of heat energy is improved.
S5, the burnt coal dust enters the energy-saving coal dust hot air furnace 250 for secondary combustion, meanwhile, cold air passes through a hot air furnace pipe section 333 positioned at the inner side of the energy-saving coal dust hot air furnace 250 through a cold air pipeline 330, and is heated again, and meanwhile, coal dust generated in the energy-saving coal dust hot air furnace 250 enters the bag-type dust remover 420 through a hot air furnace ash removing port 253 through a negative pressure pipeline 410; through the steps, the pulverized coal is subjected to secondary combustion, so that the combustion is more sufficient, the combustion efficiency is improved, the cold air in the cold air pipeline 330 is reheated by the heat generated in the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove 250, the utilization rate of heat energy is improved, and the coal ash is sucked into the negative pressure pipeline 410 to enter the bag-type dust collector 420 due to the air pressure effect, so that the trouble of manual ash removal is avoided, the labor intensity is reduced, and the coal ash can be collected for reuse.
S6, hot smoke generated by the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove 250 enters a heat exchanger through a hot smoke inlet 310 to exchange heat, meanwhile, cold air enters a heat exchanger pipe section 334 of a cold air pipeline 330 positioned in the heat exchanger to exchange heat, and meanwhile, coal ash brought into the heat exchanger enters a bag-type dust remover 420 through a negative pressure pipeline 410 through a heat exchanger ash removing port 340; through the above steps, the heated hot soot exchanges heat with the cool air in the cool air duct 330 sufficiently, and the soot is sucked into the negative pressure duct 410 to enter the bag-type dust collector 420 due to the air pressure effect, so that the trouble of manual soot removal is avoided, the labor intensity is reduced, and the soot can be collected for reuse.
S7, enabling the hot smoke to enter the DMC superfine cloth bag dust collector 430 through the hot smoke outlet 320 after heat exchange, and then sequentially discharging the hot smoke into the atmosphere through the dust removing fan 440 and the chimney 450; through the steps, the smoke content in the tail gas is reduced, and the environmental protection requirement is met.
S8, storing the heated cold air into the hot air chamber 360 after heat exchange;
s9, the air supply fan 370 supplies the cold air heated in the hot air chamber 360 to the drying tower 380 for grain drying. Through the steps, the grain is dried, and the heated cold air used for drying the grain is not in direct contact with the coal dust, so that the pollution to the grain is avoided.
While the foregoing description illustrates and describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as limited to other embodiments, and is capable of numerous other combinations, modifications and environments and is capable of changes or modifications within the scope of the inventive concept as described herein, either as a result of the foregoing teachings or as a result of the knowledge or technology in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. An energy-concerving and environment-protective scale grain stoving complete sets, its characterized in that: the system comprises a coal feeding system, a combustion system, a heat exchange system and a waste gas and waste residue treatment system;
the coal feeding system is used for preparing raw coal into crushed coal and conveying the crushed coal to the combustion system;
the combustion system comprises a conveying mechanism, a coal grinding mechanism, a coal injection mechanism, a combustor and an energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove: the coal grinding mechanism is connected with the coal feeding system through the conveying mechanism, the coal grinding mechanism is connected with the coal injection mechanism, the coal injection mechanism is connected with the burner, the energy-saving pulverized coal hot-blast stove is airtight, a burner inlet, a flue outlet and a hot-blast stove ash removal port are arranged on the energy-saving pulverized coal hot-blast stove, and the energy-saving pulverized coal hot-blast stove is connected with the burner through the burner inlet;
the heat exchange system comprises a heat exchanger, a hot smoke inlet, a hot smoke outlet and a heat exchanger ash removal port which are arranged on the heat exchanger, and a cold air pipeline, a hot air chamber, an air supply fan and a drying tower which are arranged outside the burner, inside the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove and inside the heat exchanger in sequence; one end of the cold air pipeline is provided with a cold air inlet, the other end of the cold air pipeline is connected with the hot air chamber, and the air supply fan is used for conveying hot air in the hot air chamber to the drying tower;
the waste gas and waste residue treatment system comprises a negative pressure pipeline, a cloth bag dust remover, a DMC superfine cloth bag dust remover, a dust removal fan and a chimney; the negative pressure pipeline is connected with the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove through the hot blast stove ash cleaning port, is connected with the heat exchanger through the heat exchanger ash cleaning port, and is connected with the bag-type dust remover; the DMC superfine cloth bag dust collector is connected with the heat exchanger through the hot smoke outlet, and the other end of the DMC superfine cloth bag dust collector is connected with the chimney through the dust removing fan;
the burner and/or the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove and/or the heat exchanger and/or the drying tower are/is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors, and the conveying mechanism is arranged to be capable of manually and/or automatically adjusting the feeding amount according to the sensing numerical value of the temperature sensors.
2. The energy-saving and environment-friendly large-scale grain drying complete device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the energy-saving pulverized coal hot-blast furnace comprises an energy-saving pulverized coal hot-blast furnace body, and is characterized by further comprising a desulfurization device, wherein the desulfurization device is connected with the energy-saving pulverized coal hot-blast furnace through desulfurization holes arranged on the energy-saving pulverized coal hot-blast furnace body.
3. The energy-saving and environment-friendly large-scale grain drying complete device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the energy-saving pulverized coal hot-blast furnace also comprises a denitration device, wherein the denitration device is connected with the energy-saving pulverized coal hot-blast furnace through a denitration nozzle arranged on the energy-saving pulverized coal hot-blast furnace.
4. The energy-saving and environment-friendly large-scale grain drying complete device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the coal feeding system comprises a feeding funnel, a vibrating feeder, a raw coal crusher, an inclined coal feeding conveyor and a coal bin, wherein round steel grate bars are arranged on the upper portion of the feeding funnel, a funnel is arranged on the lower portion of the feeding funnel, the vibrating feeder is arranged on the feeding funnel, a lower opening of the vibrating feeder is connected with the raw coal crusher, the raw coal crusher is used for preparing raw coal into crushed coal and conveying the crushed coal to the coal bin through the inclined coal feeding conveyor, an iron remover is arranged on the inclined coal feeding conveyor, and an outlet of the coal bin is connected with a conveying mechanism.
5. The energy-saving and environment-friendly large-scale grain drying complete device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the device comprises a DMC superfine cloth bag dust collector, and is characterized by further comprising an air compression system, wherein the air compression system is arranged to provide compressed air for the cloth bag dust collector and the DMC superfine cloth bag dust collector, the air compression system comprises a compressor, an air storage tank and a branch air cylinder, the compressor is connected with the air storage tank through an oil-water separator, the air storage tank is connected with the branch air cylinder through a pressure reducing valve, and the branch air cylinder is respectively connected with the cloth bag dust collector and a compressed air inlet of the DMC superfine cloth bag dust collector.
6. The energy-saving and environment-friendly large-scale grain drying complete equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: including but not limited to screw conveyor mechanisms or conveyor belt conveyor mechanisms.
7. The energy-saving and environment-friendly large-scale grain drying complete equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the coal grinding mechanism and the coal injection mechanism are coal grinding and coal injection integrated machines, a hopper is arranged on the upper portion of each coal grinding and coal injection integrated machine, coal grinding blades and fan blades are arranged in each coal grinding and coal injection integrated machine, and each coal grinding and coal injection integrated machine is connected with the combustor through a coal injection connecting pipe.
8. The energy-saving and environment-friendly large-scale grain drying complete equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: and the hot smoke outlet of the heat exchanger is provided with an explosion venting device.
9. An energy-saving and environment-friendly large-scale grain drying method comprises the following steps:
s1, raw coal is prepared into crushed coal through a coal feeding system and is conveyed to a conveying mechanism;
s2, conveying crushed coal into a coal grinding mechanism by the conveying mechanism, and preparing the crushed coal into pulverized coal by the coal grinding mechanism;
s3, preheating the burner, and enabling cold air to enter the cold air pipeline from the cold air inlet;
s4, enabling the pulverized coal to enter a coal injection mechanism, injecting the pulverized coal into the combustor to be mixed with air for combustion, enabling cold air to pass through a pipe section of the cold air pipeline, which is positioned on the outer side of the combustor, assisting the pulverized coal to burn and enabling the cold air to be heated;
s5, burning coal dust enters the energy-saving coal dust hot air furnace for secondary combustion, meanwhile, cold air heated in the step S4 passes through a pipe section of the cold air pipeline positioned at the inner side of the energy-saving coal dust hot air furnace, and is heated again, and meanwhile, coal ash generated in the energy-saving coal dust hot air furnace enters a bag-type dust remover through a dust removing port of the hot air furnace through a negative pressure pipeline;
s6, hot smoke generated by the energy-saving pulverized coal hot blast stove enters a heat exchanger through a hot smoke inlet to exchange heat, meanwhile, cold air heated again in the step S5 enters a pipe section of the cold air pipeline in the heat exchanger to exchange heat, and coal ash brought into the heat exchanger through a heat exchanger ash removing port enters the bag-type dust collector through the negative pressure pipeline;
s7, enabling the hot smoke to enter the DMC superfine bag dust collector through a hot smoke outlet after heat exchange, and then sequentially discharging the hot smoke into the atmosphere through a dust removal fan and a chimney;
s8, storing the heated cold air into a hot air chamber after heat exchange;
s9, the air supply fan supplies the cold air heated in the hot air chamber to the drying tower for grain drying.
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