CN101289621A - Process for preparing carbocoal, coke tar and coal gas by treating bovey coal by suspending pyrogenation device - Google Patents
Process for preparing carbocoal, coke tar and coal gas by treating bovey coal by suspending pyrogenation device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a gas heat carrier brown coal suspension pyrolysis device, and adopts the following process: brown coal is fed in a hammer type drier for crushing and drying with the drying temperature lower than 400 DEG C, and then is fed in a suspension pyrolysis oven at 110 to 130 DEG C to generate semicoke and tar gas mixed gas; when separated by a first pyrolysis cyclone separator, the tar gas mixed gas is fed in oil gas cooling gas and is discharged after cooling; semicoke is fed in a detention tank; after pyrolysis reaction and quenching coke through a three-stage quenching coke system, the semicoke is fed in a semicoke cooler and then is fed in a storage yard after cooling; quenching coke gas is fed in an oxygen source heater to cool down oxygen source gas, and then is fed in an oil gas cooler as cooling medium to cool down tar gas mixed gas. Compared with the prior process, the gas heat carrier brown coal suspension pyrolysis device reduces land occupation, investment and labor force, and has uniform thermal transmission, fast speed and high output capacity of tar and coal gas; moreover, the pyrolysis device improves the flammable characteristics of semicoke product and is convenient for safe storage and transportation; in addition, the pyrolysis device has the advantages of lower heat consumption, higher output capacity of semicoke, tar and coal gas and cooling water conservation, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly prepare the method for semicoke, tar and coal gas through pyrolysis, can be applicable to industries such as coal, Coal Chemical Industry, the energy and power with brown coal.
Background technology
Though coal resources in China is abundanter, the high-quality coal resource only accounts for about half, and all the other are coal resources such as brown coal.Young coal such as brown coal is low because of moisture height, ash content height, volatile matter height, calorific value, often is taken as the inferior fuel steam coal; Add easy oxidation and spontaneous combustion, should not transport for long-distance, also just become the coal resource that is difficult to the strange land processing and utilization.
Brown coal are high-volatile coals, and its molecular structure can be regarded the combination of hard coal and oil gas molecule as, take the pyrolytic working method the oil gas component separating in the brown coal come out (being similar to the resinous shale processing and utilization), can alleviate OIL SUPPLY AND DEMAND IN CHINA contradiction.From the angle of comprehensive utilization, brown coal should should not directly not act as a fuel and steam coal as the low-quality resource yet, should process separation to brown coal earlier, obtain semicoke, tar and coal gas, further again processing and utilization.
China's brown coal main component sees Table one:
Table one China brown coal major ingredient
| Sequence number | Title | Content % |
| 1 | |
20～40 |
| 2 | |
8～15 |
| 3 | |
15～30 |
| 4 | Average |
31～45 |
Brown coal contain a large amount of moisture, exist by following three kinds of forms usually:
(1) outer water: be surface water, content 10～30%.
(2) interior water: be water contained in the pore, content 5～20%.
(3) crystal water: generally exist with compound forms such as hydrous calcium sulfate, kaolin, other clay minerals.
Outer water is easy to remove, and interior water still has residual under 500 ℃, and crystal water will the ability major part remove in the time of 500 ℃.Its calorific value of dry back is brought up to more than the 20MJ by per kilogram 15MJ; Weight saving is more than 25%.
Brown coal volatilize coal gas, tar gas add the thermogenesis thermolysis under anoxia condition, and remaining solid carbon content raises, and calorific value increases, and is called semicoke.Can obtain suitable, the higher semicoke of calorific value of volatile content 500～600 ℃ of pyrolysis.
Lignite semi-coke belongs to upgraded coal, is a kind of clean fuel, is used for industries such as calcium carbide, iron alloy, ironmaking (steel), synthetic ammonia, gac, carbon product.Tar is used to produce petroleum naphtha, oil fuel, or produces synthesising fibre, medicine, tackiness agent etc. as industrial chemicals.Coal gas is used for power, generates electricity, produces methyl alcohol or Sweet natural gas.
Existing brown coal pyrolytic process:
1, two sections heating process for upgrading of Hitachi, Ltd's exploitation, the drying machine that adopts is a kind of rotary kiln formula device, it is by the hot flue gas of roasting kiln generation and the vent gas indirect heating of destructive distillation device, raw coal is supplied with destructive distillation device continuously through drying machine (100～150 ℃ of temperature) back, it is vertical gravity moving-bed, 300～400 ℃ of temperature are by the hot flue gas indirect heating of another roasting kiln generation.The hot flue gas of roasting kiln is to burn kerosene to produce, but industrialization factory will replace with combustion unit.Coal becomes hydrophobicity through cooling off about 50 ℃ after the destructive distillation, carries out tar then and handle in the tar applying device, and upgraded coal has reduced the possibility of spontaneous combustion.
2, the fluidized-bed process of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd company exploitation, it is process for upgrading with fluidized-bed heating ground coal rank coal, be characterized under 80～150 ℃ of temperature in rapid heating under 250～400 ℃ of temperature and cooling fast under 30～70 ℃ of temperature, obtaining upgraded coal then to the feed coal drying.
3, Beijing coalification institute multistage rotary kiln technology, feed coal is sent into the rotary kiln drying oven through feed appliance, contains wet moisture at this with being adjusted to the hot flue gases direct heat exchange below 300 ℃ and evaporating major part; Moisture-free coal enters revolution by rotary pocket feeder and burns in the pyrolysis oven, and heat is passed to coal charge in the stove by the furnace wall, and pyrolysis temperature can be controlled in 550～750 ℃; Semicoke enters semicoke by rotary pocket feeder and cools back converter after the pyrolysis, and water extinguishes in stove; Cooled semicoke transports the storage storehouse to.
The pyrolysis coal of being discharged by the revolution pyrolysis oven rises, the mixed gas of tar steam, water vapor is removed the dust that major part is carried under higher temperatures in fly-ash separator, tentatively cooling in pre-cooler, enter the tubulation condensate cooler then and further cool off, and through entering gas blower behind separating tar and the water of condensation repeatedly; The coal gas returnable heat system of separating after the pressurization gas that acts as a fuel also can be provided as civilian drink thing coal gas or industrial combustion gas outward.
The hot flue gases that roasting kiln is discharged is imported in the drying oven as the drying medium of coal by pipeline, because effluent gas temperature is higher, can or sneaks into the low temperature flue controlled atmosphere and put in order temperature by exchanging air (with freezing air) heat exchange; The waste gas that drying oven is discharged discharges behind tornado dust collector, induced draft fan, and the part waste gas behind the induced draft fan imports the drying oven inlet pipe to adjust effluent gas temperature as circulation gas.
4, Australian Union's science and industrial research institute (CSIRO) fluidized bed pyrolysis device
Per hour handle the rapid pyrolysis apparatus of 20kg coal.
This device is made up of stoker, sand fluidized-bed reactor, 3 major portions of product recovery system.
Stoker (diameter 0.51m, high 1.63m) can hold 20kg fluidised form dry coal, nitrogen gas stream through metering makes fluidization of coal, the nitrogen of regulating discharging can change stoker pressure, and the pipeline that the coal grain alternately is in automatic unlatching by two or closes cleaning enters reactor and guarantees that the coal supply process stabilization carries out.
Reactor can be divided into 3 sections, and hypomere is the sand fluidized-bed, internal diameter 0.15m, high 1.22m; Last two sections is the air-flow section, and each section all is 0.91m.Reactor internal heating element allows service temperature up to 1000 ℃.Gas stops 0.4～1.0s in the fluidisation section, stop 0.2～0.4s altogether two sections air-flow sections.
The coal grain is by spraying into fluidized-bed layer with water-cooled management, and bed is made up of the sand grains of 0.3～1.0mm size.
Gas is fed by two portions in the fluidized-bed, and a part forms in the combustion chamber for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and air, colder nitrogen is fed in case of necessity to regulate the temperature of burning gas; Another part is gone into the combustion prod air-blowing of acetylene-air burner in case of necessity for be preheating to the nitrogen of certain temperature by electric heater, makes it further heating.Total gas flow rate is 0.0041～0.012m
3/ s (standard temperature and pressure (STP)), hot gas enters fluidized-bed by the grid distributor of reactor bottom.
The gas that leaves reactor is by being maintained at about 350 ℃ efficient cyclone separator, a large amount of semicokes are separated but be there is no tar condensing, and gas enters about 80 ℃ electrical tar precipitator through supercooler thereafter, and the tar of separating reclaims to be collected.
Semicoke composition, tar yield and hydrocarbon gas productive rate and 1g/h bench testing that the 20kg/h pyrolyzer obtains are in full accord.
In pyrolysis reactor since fast pyrogenation and brief stay time (less than 0.5s) under the instantaneous heating condition improve tar yield significantly than pyrolysis at a slow speed.
5, U.S.'s section's pyrolysis of coal technology of thinking much
The dry coal that crushes is used the hot flue gases preheating from porcelain ball well heater in riser tube; Pre-hot coal is in the porcelain ball contact of pyrolysis converter neutralization heat, and concurrent estranged the separating of being heated produces semicoke and hydrocarbon vapour; Semicoke separates with the porcelain ball in roto-sifter and discharges; The porcelain ball with enter lifter after semicoke separates and be raised, heat.Well heater fuel is self-produced coal gas of this technology or oil fuel, recycles after the hot porcelain ball heating.
Use the plant design schema 7-13 of Wyoming brown coal.Since original moisture very high in the coal, before entering pyrolysis oven, to carry out drying.Moisture eliminator is an air flow bed, and feed coal is preheated to 290 ℃ simultaneously at exsiccant.Moisture eliminator heats with coal.Design single series pyrolysis installation maximum processing capability is 1.3 ten thousand t/d.
6, this low-temperature pyrolysis method is covered in Lu Qi-Rule
It is the typical method of solid thermal carriers internal heat type that this low-temperature pyrolysis method (L-R method) is covered in Lu Qi-Rule.Raw material is brown coal, noncaking coal, weak caking coal and resinous shale.Be the pilot plant of 10t/h coal in this Teng Jianyou one cover processing power of Germany Dorr the 1950's, and the thermal barrier of use is solid particulate (little porcelain ball, sand or a semicoke).Because the process product gas does not contain waste gas, so the equipment size of after-treatment system is less, caloric power of gas is higher, can reach 20.5～40.6MJ/m3.
The technical process of L-R method is at first with the fritter feed coal of preliminary preheating, mixes in mixing tank with the hot semicoke from separator, and the thermolysis effect takes place.Fall into then in the snubber, stop certain hour, finish thermolysis.The semicoke that comes out from snubber enters the riser tube bottom, is submitted by warm air, and burning-off carbon residue wherein in riser tube elevates the temperature simultaneously, enters then and carries out gas solid separation in the separator.Semicoke returns mixing tank again, so circulation.Volatile matter from mixing tank is overflowed through dedusting, condensation and cooling, recovery oils, obtains the higher coal gas of calorific value.
The LFC technology of Encoal company is that the raw coal through pulverizing is admitted to rotary dryer, is heated by hot gas, leaves the solid of moisture eliminator and is directly sent into the rotary kiln pyrogenation device.The thermal cycling air-flow is increased to certain temperature with the temperature of coal, and all remaining free waters all are removed, and chemical reaction has taken place, and volatile gases discharges.After leaving pyrolyzer, solid is cooled off rapidly to stop gasification reaction in the quenching dish.Solid in the quenching dish then enters the passivation link, and in vibrated fluidized bed VFB, solid is by the part fluidisation, and is exposed in the air-flow that temperature, oxygen level controlled by strictness, at the reactive site of solid particulate " oxidation passivation " reaction takes place.This reaction can weaken the spontaneous combustion trend of product.The heat energy that reaction produces then is fluidized air-flow and absorbs.
The gasification air-flow that comes out from pyrolyzer is sent to the solid particulate that the tornado dust collector removal carries out, cools off in quenching tower then, condenses into final tar products, and stops other side reactions.Have only tar condensing to come out, avoided condensed water.Electric precipitator reclaims and leaves condense unitary all drops or water smoke.The residual gas that comes out from quenching tower nearly half directly pyrolyzer, circulate, with before recycle gas mixes, the part residual gas burns in the pyrolyzer combustion chamber provides heat for gasification.Another part residual gas then burns in the moisture eliminator combustion chamber, and sulphur is converted into sulfur oxide.
Hot gas that comes out from the moisture eliminator combustion chamber and the recycle gas that comes out from moisture eliminator mix, for drying provides essential heat energy and air-flow.
The gas that comes out from moisture eliminator is introduced into tornado dust collector and removes coal dust, is sent to precipitation after the coal dust slurrying.The residual gas that tornado dust collector come out is handled with wet scrubber again.Wet scrubber has two-stage, is respectively wet scrubber and horizontal venturi scrubber.
Upgrading has produced good result to brown coal though adopt above-mentioned processing unit, and the water consumption that generally consumes energy is more, and wherein also some device occupied ground is big, equipment is heavy, investment cost is high, and perhaps being confined to scale can not maximize.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the shortcoming of existing brown coal pyrolytic technique, a kind of method that brown coal obtain coal gas, tar, semicoke that heats under suspended state is provided.Advantages such as this method has semicoke quality height, tar gas yield height, energy consumption is low, saving is invested, scale is big.
The technical scheme that adopts is:
Handle the method that brown coal prepare semicoke, tar and coal gas with suspending pyrogenation device, comprise following equipment and technological process:
One, major equipment is gas heat-carrying brown coal suspending pyrogenation devices.This suspending pyrogenation device comprises suspending pyrogenation stove, hammer drying machine, the first pyrolysis cyclonic separator, the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator, stay groove, semicoke water cooler, oil gas water cooler and three grades of quenching cyclonic separators.
Two, adopting above-mentioned suspending pyrogenation device to prepare semicoke, tar and coal gas craft step comprises:
1, block brown coal raw coal is sent in the hammer drying machine, be fragmented into particle and coal dust under the effect of hammer drying machine weight and under the thermal source air-flow effect by the input of hammer drying machine dry heat producer combustion chamber, at this drying machine with the standpipe inner drying of installing thereafter, drying temperature is lower than 400 ℃, and is the most suitable at 110-130 ℃ of discharge material;
2, through hammer drying machine exsiccant material, comprise a material coal and a coal dust, enter first pyrolysis cyclonic separator separation back waste gas and enter flare system, material is sent into vertically arranged suspending pyrogenation stove, oxygen-containing gas (oxygen, air, oxygen-rich air) and furnace fuel by input are heated to 500-600 ℃, pyrolysis deep dehydration effect and pyrolytic reaction take place, and volatilize tar gas and coal gas.Material, tar gas and coal gas upwards are moved into the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator in the suspending pyrogenation stove, through separating, solid materials (semicoke) enters stay groove, tar gas and coal gas leave the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator enter the oil gas water cooler through the cooling after send into tar and coal gas isolation of purified system recoveries tar and coal gas.
3, the semicoke in the stay groove is through three grades of quenching cyclonic separators and one-level fluidized bed water cooler quenching cooling, and the water yield of oxygen component concentration and semicoke surface sprinkling in attitude bed water cooler changes its inflammable characteristic with the modified passivation of semicoke in the control quenching gas.Deliver to the storage of semicoke stockyard from the finished product semicoke that fluidized-bed is discharged by rubber conveyer.The gas that the quenching process obtains waste heat enter air heat exchanger heating flame in the oxygen source well heater with oxygen-containing gas after, self has cooled off, be re-used as gas heat exchanger that heat-eliminating medium enters the oil gas water cooler in order to cooling tar gas and coal gas mixed gas, obtain sending into the sledge mill drying machine behind the heat and give raw coal heat release.
The present invention compares advantage with traditional technology and is:
(1) raw material is in small, broken bits combines with drying, has removed the crushing system of independent construction from, saves and takes up an area of and investment.
(2) the suspending pyrogenation stove is the brand-new type of furnace of brown coal pyrolysis art and technology.It is followed dilute phase and flows and HEAT TRANSFER LAW, and heat transfer is even, speed is fast, tar and coal gas output capacity height.It and stay groove combination can adapt to the variation of coal particle between micron order and millimeter level.
(3) gas thermophore suspending pyrogenation stove conducts heat rapid, even, for coal particle be fast pyrogenation (＞1000 ℃/s), for coal dust is flash pyrolysis (＞10000 ℃/s), can improve the output capacity of tar and coal gas are higher than the 120%-150% that output capacity is tested in Ge-Jin destructive distillation.
(4) adopt three grades of suspension heat transfer quenchings to add one-level fluidized-bed quench system, recyclable semicoke heat reduces hear rate, improves semicoke, tar, gas yield; Improve the inflammable characteristic of semicoke product simultaneously, be convenient to the safe storage transportation.
(5) adopt oxygen source well heater and oil gas water cooler gas-gas-heat exchanger, recyclable tar gas and coal gas heat reduce hear rate, improve semicoke, tar, gas yield; Simultaneously can save cooling water.
(6) device is convenient to maximize.Handle 5,000,000 tons of brown coal year and only need 1 suspending pyrogenation stove.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a gas heat-carrying brown coal suspending pyrogenation device structural representation of the present invention.
The explanation of part drawing reference numeral:
31, combustion chamber fuel inlet; 32, feed(raw material)inlet; 33, suspending pyrogenation stove fuel inlet; 34, quenching gas inlet; 35, oxygen source inlet; 36, coal gas and tar gas outlet; 37, waste gas delivery port; 38, finished product semicoke delivery port.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Gas heat-carrying brown coal suspending pyrogenation device comprises hammer drying machine 1, dry heat producer combustion chamber 2, the first pyrolysis cyclonic separator 4, suspending pyrogenation stove 5, the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator 6, stay groove 7, the first quenching cyclonic separator 10, the second quenching cyclonic separator 9, the 3rd quenching cyclonic separator 11, semicoke water cooler 12, oxygen source well heater 13 and oil gas water cooler 14.
Hammer drying machine 1 discharge port is connected with the first pyrolysis cyclonic separator 4 through standpipe 3, and the smoke outlet of dry heat producer combustion chamber 2 15 is connected with the smoke inlet of hammer drying machine 1 by the road, and pipeline 15 is connected with the pneumatic outlet of oil gas water cooler 14 by arm 16.Suspending pyrogenation stove 5 is a right cylinder, is divided into two Room up and down, and there is reducing the centre, and the raw material brown coal add in the cylindrical chamber of reducing top, and fuel adds reducing lower cylindrical chamber to cone and pipeline 15 scopes.The first pyrolysis cyclonic separator 4 is connected with the feeding mouth of suspending pyrogenation stove 5 by pipeline 17, suspending pyrogenation stove 5 upper end discharge ports are connected with the opening for feed of the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator 6, the lower end discharge port of the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator 6 30 is connected with the feeding mouth of stay groove 7 by the road, and the upper end pneumatic outlet of the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator 6 18 is connected with oil gas water cooler 14 by the road.The pneumatic outlet of stay groove 7 is connected with suspending pyrogenation stove 5 through closed tube 19.The lower end discharge port of stay groove 7 is connected with the first quenching cyclonic separator, 10 opening for feeds with pipeline 21 through tremie pipe 8, and another feeding mouth of stay groove 7 20 is connected with the outlet of the solid materials of oil gas water cooler 14 by the road.The first quenching cyclonic separator, 10 lower end discharge ports 23 are connected with the feeding mouth of pipeline 27 with the second quenching cyclonic separator 9 by the road, and the lower end discharge port of the second quenching cyclonic separator 11 29 is connected with the feeding mouth of quenching gas inlet pipe 22 with the 3rd quenching cyclonic separator 11 by the road.The 3rd quenching cyclonic separator 11 discharge gates 24 are connected with the feeding mouth of semicoke water cooler 12 by the road.The quenching gas inlet of the gas heat exchanger that oxygen source well heater 13 is built-in 25 is connected with the quenching pneumatic outlet of the first quenching cyclonic separator 10 by the road, and the quenching pneumatic outlet of oxygen source well heater 13 26 is connected with the inlet mouth of the built-in gas heat exchanger of oil gas water cooler 14 by the road.The outlet of the oxygen-containing gas of oxygen source well heater 13 17 is connected with suspending pyrogenation stove 5 by the road.The steam outlet of semicoke water cooler 12 28 is connected with dry heat producer combustion chamber 2 by the road.
Handle the method that brown coal prepare semicoke, tar and coal gas with gas heat-carrying brown coal suspending pyrogenation device and comprise following processing step:
The brown coal raw material is sent in the hammer drying machine 1, particle and coal dust below 8 millimeters are provided under the thermal shocking effect of the mechanical effect of hammer drying machine 1 and the flue gas flow that provides by dry heat producer combustion chamber 2, and sloughed most of free water by hot flue gas heating, drying temperature is lower than 250 ℃, coal particle that is dried and coal dust are in standpipe 3 enters the first pyrolysis cyclonic separator 4, waste gas after the separation enters known flare system, solid particulate coal and coal dust enter suspending pyrogenation stove 5 under 110-130 ℃, oxygen-containing gas and the furnace fuel (can be the coal or the coal gas that in system produce, also can be outer for fuel) of suspending pyrogenation stove 5 by input is heated to 500-600 ℃ (selection of concrete Heating temperature is decided according to user's oil and gas quantum of output requirement of focusing) under the incomplete combustion state.Deep dehydration effect and pyrolytic reaction take place, and generate semicoke, tar gas and coal gas.Semicoke, tar gas and coal gas upwards are moved into the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator 6 in suspending pyrogenation stove 5 separates, isolated solid materials enters in the stay groove 7, tar gas and coal gas enter in the oil gas water cooler 14, after being cooled to 350 ℃, enter known tar and gas purification separation system, in oil gas water cooler 14, the solid materials in tar gas and the coal gas 20 returns in the stay groove 7 by the road.Material continues reaction acquisition semicoke in stay groove 7, tar gas and coal gas mixed gas, gas enters suspending pyrogenation stove 5 by closed tube 19, semicoke enters three grades of quenching cyclone separation systems successively through tremie pipe 8, be semicoke by the road 9 and pipeline 29 enter the first quenching cyclonic separator 10,23 and 27 enter the second quenching cyclonic separator 9 and separate by the road, by the road 29 and quenching gas inlet tube 22 enter the 3rd quenching cyclonic separator 11, isolated semicoke 24 enters semicoke water cooler 12 by the road, be cooled to discharge below 80 ℃, deliver to the storage coke bin by rubber conveyer and store.Quenching gas is entered by quenching gas inlet tube 22, enter the gas heat exchanger of oxygen source well heater 13 according to the flow direction of the 3rd, second, the first quenching cyclonic separator, heat is passed to burning used oxygen source (oxygen source can be air, oxygen enrichment, pure oxygen), heating oxygen source the time self temperature reduced, can be used as heat-eliminating medium and enter the gas heat exchanger of establishing in the oil gas water cooler 14, discharge after tar that pyrolysis unit is produced and coal gas gas mixture are cooled to 350 ℃.Tar gas and coal gas enter down two procedures-tar separation unit and coal gas desulfurization unit because these two unit by using known technology, repeat no more herein.Quenching gas by the road 16 and pipeline 15 enter in the hammer drying machine 1.
The suspending pyrogenation process system both can positive pressure operation, also can negative-pressure operation, finish the system ventilation task by gas blower (positive pressure operation) or induced draft fan (negative-pressure operation).
Semicoke adopts recirculated water cooling and water-bath cooling in above-mentioned fluidizing cooler 12, water is evaporated after being sprayed on the semicoke surface, and water vapor 28 is sent into dry heat producer 2 by the road.
The suspending pyrogenation process system both can positive pressure operation, also can negative-pressure operation, finish the system ventilation task by gas blower (positive pressure operation) or induced draft fan (negative-pressure operation).
Embodiment two
Brown coal for following compositions and feature:
Lattice gold test oil extraction yield is 35kg/t (moisture-free coal)
The implementation step and the result that adopt process unit of the present invention to handle are:
Brown coal Yuan Liao Give goes into hammer drying machine 1 and is become particulate coal and fiery powder by powder, and 400 ℃ of hot flue gas heating dryings of the heat(ing)generator combustion chamber 2 burning generations that are dried, remove most of free water (Wai Shui and Nei Shui), at 130 ℃ of discharge moisture eliminators, enter cyclonic separator 4 after in standpipe 3, stopping some seconds, waste gas after the separation enters flare system, and residual moisture is that 8% solid particulate coal enters in the suspending pyrogenation stove 5 under 130 ℃ temperature.The suspending pyrogenation stove feeds an amount of oxygen and coal gas mixed firing, and moisture-free coal is heated to 600 ℃, and pyrolytic reaction takes place.Particulate coal enters from suspending pyrogenation stove 5 and enters stay groove 7 after cyclonic separator 6 separates and continue reaction and volatilize more tar and coal gas, and gas feeds suspending pyrogenation stove 5 by closed tube, and solid is discharged into quench system by the blanking pipeline.Being semicoke 23 enters the second quenching cyclonic separator 9 with pipeline 27 and separates by the road from the first quenching cyclonic separator 10, isolated semicoke by the road 29 and quenching gas inlet pipe 22 enter the 3rd quenching cyclonic separator 11, isolated semicoke 24 enters semicoke water cooler 12 by the road, and water is cooled to 80 ℃ of discharges.Quenching gas is entered by quenching gas inlet tube 22, enter the gas heat exchanger of oxygen source well heater 13 according to the flow direction of quenching cyclonic separator 11-9-10, heat is passed to the used oxygen source gas of burning, self temperature has reduced in the time of heating oxygen source gas, be re-used as heat-eliminating medium and enter the gas heat exchanger that is provided with in the oil gas water cooler 14, after tar gas that pyrolysis unit is produced and coal gas are cooled to 350 ℃, enter the moisture eliminator inlet duct.Pyrolysis gas, is separated tar and purifies by water cooling to 25 ℃ in condenser system with coal gas, return then and make dry and pyrolysis fuel usefulness because these two unit by using known technology, repeat no more herein.
The gained result is:
(1) char yeild: 0.457 ton of semicoke/ton (former coal-based).
(2) the semicoke moisture content 4%, volatile content 8%, calorific value 27MJ/kg.
(3) gas yield: 860 kg/ton (semicoke base), calorific value 20MJ/kg.
(4) hear rate: 2190kj/kg (semicoke base).
(5) tar yield: 105kg/ ton (semicoke base).
Claims (8)
1, gas thermophore brown coal suspending pyrogenation device, comprise suspending pyrogenation stove hammer drying machine (1), dry heat producer combustion chamber (2), the first pyrolysis cyclonic separator (4), the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator (6), stay groove (7), the first quenching cyclonic separator (9), the second quenching cyclonic separator (10), the 3rd quenching cyclonic separator (11), semicoke water cooler (12), oxygen source well heater (13) and oil gas water cooler (14), it is characterized in that: hammer drying machine (1) discharge port is connected with the first pyrolysis cyclonic separator (4) through standpipe (3), the smoke outlet of dry heat producer combustion chamber (2) (15) by the road is connected with the smoke inlet of hammer drying machine (1), and pipeline (15) is connected with the quenching pneumatic outlet of oil gas water cooler (14) by arm (16); The first pyrolysis cyclonic separator (4) is connected with the feeding mouth of suspending pyrogenation stove (5) by pipeline (17), suspending pyrogenation stove (5) upper end discharge port is connected with the opening for feed of the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator (6), the lower end discharge port of the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator (6) (30) by the road is connected with the feeding mouth of stay groove (7), and the upper end pneumatic outlet of the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator (6) (18) by the road is connected with oil gas water cooler (14); The pneumatic outlet of stay groove (7) is connected with suspending pyrogenation stove (5) through closed tube (19), another feeding mouth of stay groove (7) (20) by the road is connected with the lower end discharge port of oil gas water cooler (14), the lower end discharge port of stay groove (7) is connected with first quenching cyclonic separator (10) opening for feed with pipeline (21) through tremie pipe (8), first quenching cyclonic separator (10) the lower end discharge port (23) by the road is connected with the feeding mouth of pipeline (27) with the second quenching cyclonic separator (9), the lower end discharge port of the second quenching cyclonic separator (9) (29) by the road is connected with the feeding mouth of quenching gas inlet pipe (22) with the 3rd quenching cyclonic separator (11), the 3rd quenching cyclonic separator (11) (24) by the road is connected with the feeding mouth of semicoke water cooler (12), the quenching gas inlet of the gas heat exchanger that oxygen source well heater (13) is built-in (25) by the road is connected with the quenching pneumatic outlet of the first quenching cyclonic separator (10), the quenching pneumatic outlet of oxygen source well heater (13) the built-in gas heat exchanger inlet mouth of (26) and oil gas water cooler (14) by the road is connected, and the oxygen-containing gas outlet of oxygen source well heater (13) (17) by the road is connected with the suspending pyrogenation stove.
2, gas thermophore brown coal suspending pyrogenation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described semicoke water cooler (12) has steam outlet, and this steam outlet (28) by the road is connected with suspending pyrogenation stove (5).
3, adopt the described gas thermophore of claim 1 brown coal suspending pyrogenation device to handle the method that brown coal prepare semicoke, tar and coal gas, it is characterized in that comprising following processing step:
1) the brown coal raw material is sent in the hammer drying machine (1), under the thermal shocking effect of the mechanical effect of hammer drying machine (1) and the hot flue gas flow that provides by dry heat producer combustion chamber (2), be broken into particulate coal and coal dust, and sloughed most of Wai Shui and Nei Shui by hot flue gas heating, drying temperature is lower than 400 ℃, discharges under 110-130 ℃ of temperature;
2) coal particle that is dried and coal dust are in standpipe (3) enters the first pyrolysis cyclonic separator (4), waste gas after the separation enters known flare system, solid particulate coal and coal dust enter suspending pyrogenation stove (5) under 110-130 ℃, suspending pyrogenation stove (5) is by oxygen-containing gas and furnace fuel from the input of oxygen source well heater, under the incomplete combustion state, be heated to 500-600 ℃, deep dehydration effect and pyrolytic reaction take place, and generate semicoke, tar gas and coal gas; Semicoke, tar gas and coal gas mixed gas upwards are moved into the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator (6) in suspending pyrogenation stove (5) separates, isolated solid materials enters in the stay groove (7), tar gas and coal gas mixed gas enter in the oil gas water cooler (14), enter known tar and coal gas separation system after cooling;
3) material continues reaction acquisition semicoke, tar gas and coal gas mixed gas in stay groove (7), gas enters suspending pyrogenation stove (5) by closed tube (19), semicoke enters the quench system of being made up of the first quenching cyclonic separator (10), the second quenching cyclonic separator (9), the 3rd quenching cyclonic separator (11) successively through tremie pipe (8) and carries out quenching, with semicoke behind the modified purifying of semicoke by the road (24) enter semicoke water cooler (12), be cooled to discharge below 80 ℃, be transported to warehousing storage by rubber conveyer; The quenching gas that the quenching process obtains is entered by quenching gas inlet tube (22), according to the flow direction of the 3rd quenching cyclonic separator (11), the first quenching cyclonic separator (9), the second quenching cyclonic separator (10) enter in the oxygen source well heater (13) air heat exchanger in order to heating flame with oxygen-containing gas after, be re-used as heat-eliminating medium and enter gas heat exchanger in the oil gas water cooler (14), cooling enters tar gas and the coal gas mixed gas in the oil gas water cooler (14), quenching gas obtains and can raise by amount temperature, and (16) enter hammer drying machine (1) by the road.
4, adopt claim 1 or 3 described gas thermophore brown coal suspending pyrogenation devices to handle the method that brown coal prepare semicoke, tar and coal gas, it is characterized in that described tar gas and coal gas gas mixture discharge after oil gas water cooler (14) is cooled to 350 ℃.
5, adopt claim 1 or 3 described gas thermophore brown coal suspending pyrogenation devices to handle the method that brown coal prepare semicoke, tar and coal gas, it is characterized in that described block brown coal are fractured into platy shaped particle and the coal dust below 8 millimeters in hammer drying machine (1).
6, gas thermophore brown coal suspending pyrogenation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described suspending pyrogenation stove is a right cylinder, is divided into two Room up and down, and there is reducing the centre, and the raw material brown coal add in the cylindrical chamber of reducing top; Fuel adds reducing lower cylindrical chamber to cone and pipeline (15) scope.
7, gas thermophore brown coal suspending pyrogenation device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described suspending pyrogenation furnace interior gas-solid phase mixture upwards flows, it adapts to the variation of coal particle between micron order and millimeter level with the second pyrolysis cyclonic separator and stay groove combination.
8, gas thermophore brown coal suspending pyrogenation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: following that dilute phase flows and HEAT TRANSFER LAW, is fast pyrogenation＞1000 ℃/s for coal particle; For coal dust is flash pyrolysis＞10000 ℃/s.
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