CN112852459A - Pulverized coal pyrolysis device and pyrolysis method - Google Patents
Pulverized coal pyrolysis device and pyrolysis method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112852459A CN112852459A CN202011553700.5A CN202011553700A CN112852459A CN 112852459 A CN112852459 A CN 112852459A CN 202011553700 A CN202011553700 A CN 202011553700A CN 112852459 A CN112852459 A CN 112852459A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/005—After-treatment of coke, e.g. calcination desulfurization
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal chemical pyrolysis, and particularly relates to a pulverized coal pyrolysis device and a pyrolysis method. The device comprises a pulverized coal hot-blast stove, a drying furnace, a pyrolysis furnace and a cooling furnace, wherein the pulverized coal hot-blast stove is communicated with the drying furnace, and the drying furnace, the pyrolysis furnace and the cooling furnace are communicated. The fine coal powder produced by the drying furnace is used as the fuel of the coal powder hot-blast stove, and the high-temperature flue gas produced by the coal powder hot-blast stove can provide heat for the pyrolysis reaction of the dry raw material coal of the drying furnace and the pyrolysis furnace, so that the products and the generated heat of each link are effectively utilized, and the cyclic utilization of materials and energy is realized. High-temperature oil gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace is subjected to dust removal, heat exchange and oil-gas separation to obtain pyrolysis coal gas, part of the pyrolysis coal gas enters the cooling furnace to be used as a medium for cooling upgraded coke powder and exchange heat with the medium, and the pyrolysis coal gas after heat exchange enters the pyrolysis furnace again to provide heat for coal pyrolysis reaction, so that multiple recycling of heat is realized, and the system energy efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal chemical pyrolysis, and particularly relates to a pulverized coal pyrolysis device and a pyrolysis method.
Background
China is rich in coal resources, wherein low-rank coal accounts for more than 50% of the total amount of the China coal, but the low-rank coal generally has the characteristics of high oxygen content, high moisture, poor stability, low heat value and the like, so that the coal is difficult to serve as a large-scale industrial gasification raw material, and more coal is only used as a power fuel in local areas. The pyrolysis upgrading of the low-rank coal can change the pore structure of the low-rank coal to a great extent, reduce the moisture and volatile content of the low-rank coal, improve the heat value and the thermal stability of the low-rank coal, and can also recover part of tar and coal gas. Therefore, the low-rank coal pyrolysis quality-improving technology is an effective way for improving the utilization rate of low-rank coal, is beneficial to making up part of gaps of petroleum and natural gas resources, can improve the utilization level of low-rank coal in China, and promotes the development of economy in China.
At present, the research on the low-rank coal pyrolysis quality-improving technology is more at home and abroad, but most pyrolysis processes are still not mature and are still in the experimental or demonstration stage.
Chinese patent document CN104762097A discloses a method for improving the quality of low-rank pulverized coal in a rotary furnace with coal gas circulation by pyrolysis, which comprises the steps of heating raw material coal at the temperature of 110-280 ℃, removing dust to obtain dried coal with the particle size of 0.5-30mm after dust removal, heating the dried coal in an external heating type rotary pyrolysis furnace to the temperature of 500-700 ℃, and carrying out pyrolysis reaction to generate improved coal and high-temperature oil gas; the upgraded coal from the rotary pyrolysis furnace enters a rotary cooling passivation furnace, and the temperature is reduced to 180-280 ℃; the method comprises the steps of feeding high-temperature oil gas into an oil gas recovery system, performing unit operations such as dust removal, cooling, separation and the like to obtain coal tar, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis water, wherein the method is complex in device process, large in investment, large in occupied area, difficult to operate and maintain, and difficult to further improve energy efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a pulverized coal pyrolysis device and a pulverized coal pyrolysis method, aiming at overcoming the defects that the energy efficiency is difficult to further improve, the occupied area of equipment is large, the process is complex and the like in the pulverized coal pyrolysis process in the prior art.
Therefore, the invention provides the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a pulverized coal pyrolysis device, which comprises,
the pulverized coal hot blast stove is communicated with the drying furnace; after heat exchange, part of high-temperature flue gas generated by the pulverized coal hot blast stove enters the bottom of the drying furnace and exchanges heat with raw material coal;
the drying furnace is used for exchanging heat between the raw material coal and high-temperature flue gas from a pulverized coal hot blast furnace to obtain dry raw material coal; discharging first flue gas from the top of the drying furnace, removing dust to obtain fine coal powder, and feeding the fine coal powder into a coal powder hot blast stove as fuel;
the pyrolysis furnace is communicated with the drying furnace, the raw coal from the drying furnace and the pyrolysis coal gas from the cooling furnace exchange heat, the raw coal is subjected to pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis furnace to obtain high-temperature oil gas and upgraded coke powder, and the upgraded coke powder is discharged from the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace;
and the cooling furnace is communicated with the pyrolysis furnace and is used for cooling and upgrading the coke powder.
Further, high-temperature oil gas discharged by the pyrolysis furnace is subjected to dust removal, heat exchange and oil-gas separation to obtain pyrolysis gas, coal tar, pyrolysis water and fine coke powder; part of pyrolysis coal gas is circulated to the bottom of the cooling furnace; and respectively discharging the pyrolysis coal gas and the upgraded coke powder after heat exchange in the cooling furnace.
Furthermore, pyrolysis coal gas discharged from the cooling furnace is subjected to dust removal and heat exchange and then circulates to the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace to exchange heat with raw coal in the pyrolysis furnace, so that the raw coal is subjected to a pyrolysis reaction.
Furthermore, after heat exchange is carried out between high-temperature flue gas generated by the pulverized coal hot blast stove and pyrolysis coal gas from the cooling furnace, part of the high-temperature flue gas is circulated into the pulverized coal hot blast stove for cyclic utilization, and part of the high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat with air from the outside again and then enters the drying furnace.
Furthermore, fine coke powder generated after dust removal of high-temperature oil gas discharged from the pyrolysis furnace, fine coke powder generated after dust removal of pyrolysis gas discharged from the cooling furnace and upgraded coke powder discharged from the cooling furnace are mixed and are discharged through humidification.
The drying furnace, the pyrolysis furnace and the cooling furnace are sequentially communicated in the vertical direction; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the drying furnace, the pyrolysis furnace and the cooling furnace are communicated in sequence in the horizontal direction.
The invention also provides a pulverized coal pyrolysis method using the pulverized coal pyrolysis device, which comprises the following steps,
after entering a drying furnace, raw material coal exchanges heat with high-temperature flue gas from a coal powder hot blast furnace to reach the raw material coal temperature of 130-;
exchanging heat between the raw material coal from the drying furnace and the pyrolysis coal gas from the cooling furnace in the pyrolysis furnace, carrying out pyrolysis reaction on the raw material coal to obtain high-temperature oil gas and upgraded coke powder, and respectively discharging the upgraded coke powder and the high-temperature oil gas; performing dust removal, heat exchange and oil-gas separation on the high-temperature oil gas to obtain pyrolysis gas, coal tar, pyrolysis water and fine coke powder; wherein, part of pyrolysis gas enters a cooling furnace;
after entering the cooling furnace, the pyrolysis gas exchanges heat with upgraded coke powder from the pyrolysis furnace in the cooling furnace, and the pyrolysis gas after heat exchange is discharged from the cooling furnace, subjected to dust removal and heating and then enters the pyrolysis furnace;
fine coke powder generated by dedusting high-temperature oil gas and pyrolysis gas is mixed with upgraded coke powder discharged from a cooling furnace, and the mixture is discharged after humidification and cooling;
wherein, the first flue gas generated by the drying furnace is dedusted to obtain fine coal powder, and the fine coal powder is used as fuel to enter a coal powder hot blast stove; after heat exchange, part of high-temperature flue gas generated by the pulverized coal hot blast stove enters the bottom of the drying furnace.
Further, after heat exchange, the high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat with air from the outside again, the high-temperature flue gas after heat exchange enters a drying furnace, the temperature of the air after heat exchange is 240-450 ℃, and the air enters a pulverized coal hot blast furnace.
The temperature of the first flue gas generated by the drying furnace is 200-500 ℃;
the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas entering the bottom of the drying furnace is 250-500 ℃;
the temperature of the high-temperature oil gas discharged by the pyrolysis furnace is 550-650 ℃;
the temperature of the pyrolysis gas entering the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace is 650-800 ℃;
the temperature of the pyrolysis gas discharged from the cooling furnace is 250-400 ℃.
The raw material coal is 0-30mm of foam coal. The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a pulverized coal pyrolysis device which comprises a pulverized coal hot-blast stove, a drying furnace, a pyrolysis furnace and a cooling furnace, wherein the pulverized coal hot-blast stove is communicated with the drying furnace, and the drying furnace, the pyrolysis furnace and the cooling furnace are communicated. The device has included the buggy hot-blast furnace, communicate with the drying furnace, the fine coal powder that the drying furnace produced is as the fuel of buggy hot-blast furnace, the high temperature flue gas that the buggy hot-blast furnace produced can provide the heat for drying furnace dry raw materials coal and pyrolysis furnace pyrolytic reaction again, the product of each link and the heat of production have been utilized effectively, material and cyclic utilization of energy have been realized, and the fine coal powder that the drying furnace produced is as the fuel, after the burning of buggy hot-blast furnace, most discharge through buggy hot-blast furnace dust removal system. Pyrolysis oven and cooling furnace intercommunication, the high temperature oil gas that the pyrolysis oven produced is through removing dust, the heat transfer, obtain pyrolysis water behind the oil-gas separation, coal tar and pyrolysis coal gas, part pyrolysis coal gas gets into the cooling furnace, as the medium of cooling upgrading coke breeze, carry out the heat transfer rather than, pyrolysis coal gas after the heat transfer gets into the pyrolysis oven again after heating, provide the heat for the coal pyrolysis reaction, thermal a lot of recycle has been realized, the system efficiency has been improved, the heat that the outside provided has been reduced, can also dilute the oil gas concentration that the pyrolysis reaction produced, also be exactly reduce oil gas partial pressure, be difficult for after oil gas partial pressure reduces appearing the coal tar in the pipeline and hang the ash coking and block up the pipeline, the problem of system's equipment pipe blockage.
The device provided by the invention can simultaneously realize the recovery of the heat of the upgraded coke powder and the flue gas in the pulverized coal hot blast furnace, and the energy efficiency of the device is improved. And the device can realize the direct contact heat exchange of gas and solid, such as the heat exchange of high-temperature flue gas and raw coal, the heat exchange of pyrolysis coal gas and raw coal, the heat exchange of upgraded coke powder and cold coal gas (pyrolysis coal gas entering a cooling furnace), and the like, thereby fully improving the heat exchange efficiency, simultaneously improving the coal pyrolysis speed, and being beneficial to producing and obtaining a large amount of coal tar.
The device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, less devices and small equipment floor area, simplifies the procedure of pulverized coal pyrolysis, and is easy to realize in actual production.
2. According to the pulverized coal pyrolysis device provided by the invention, the drying furnace, the pyrolysis furnace and the cooling furnace are preferably communicated in sequence in the vertical direction, the occupied area of the device can be reduced due to the vertical overlapping arrangement, and only the material level at the bottom is controlled by the material level control valve arranged at the bottom to prevent mutual air leakage. The arrangement can save space, save power consumption and facilitate material circulation.
3. According to the pulverized coal pyrolysis method provided by the invention, in the pulverized coal pyrolysis reaction, multiple recycling of heat can be realized, such as heat exchange between raw material coal and high-temperature flue gas generated by a pulverized coal hot-blast stove, heat exchange between raw material coal and pyrolysis coal gas to perform pyrolysis reaction, heat exchange between upgraded coke powder and cold coal gas, heat exchange between pyrolysis coal gas and high-temperature flue gas, heat exchange between high-temperature flue gas and air and the like, the total heat utilization rate is high, the discharged heat is less, the energy efficiency of the device is further improved on the basis of the prior art, the method is simple in process, small in equipment floor area and simple in maintenance, and the production cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a pulverized coal pyrolysis apparatus in example 1 of the present invention;
reference numerals:
1-a drying furnace; 2-a pyrolysis furnace; 3-cooling the furnace; 4-pulverized coal hot blast stove; 5-a first heat exchanger; 6-air preheater; 7-a first dust remover; 8-a second heat exchanger; 9-a separator; 10-a second dust remover; 11-a purifier; 12-a third precipitator; 13-a humidifier;
1-1-a first outlet of a drying oven; 1-2-a second outlet of the drying furnace; 1-3-a first inlet of a drying furnace;
2-1-a first outlet of the pyrolysis furnace; 2-2-a second outlet of the pyrolysis furnace; 2-3-a first inlet of the pyrolysis furnace;
3-1-a first outlet of the cooling furnace; 3-2-a second outlet of the cooling furnace; 3-3-a first inlet of a cooling furnace;
4-1-air inlet.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The coal foam used in example 1-2 was coal foam in Shenfu district of northern Shaanxi.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a pulverized coal pyrolysis apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, including,
the coal dust hot blast stove 4 is communicated with the drying furnace 1; an air inlet 4-1 is arranged on the pulverized coal hot blast stove 4, and air is introduced into the pulverized coal hot blast stove 4 and has the function of combustion supporting; the high-temperature flue gas generated by the pulverized coal hot blast stove 4 exchanges heat with the pyrolysis coal gas from the cooling stove 3 in the first heat exchanger 5, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the pulverized coal hot blast stove 4 has higher temperature and can heat the pyrolysis coal gas, part of the high-temperature flue gas after heat exchange circulates to the pulverized coal hot blast stove 4, and part of the high-temperature flue gas enters the air preheater 6 to exchange heat with air again in the air preheater 6, the temperature of the air after heat exchange is 200-450 ℃, the high-temperature flue gas enters the pulverized coal hot blast stove 4 to play a role in supporting combustion, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas after heat exchange is 250-500 ℃, and the high-temperature flue gas. Wherein, the oxygen content at the outlet of the pulverized coal hot blast stove can be controlled to be lower than 6 vol% by controlling the circulating high-temperature flue gas and air.
The drying furnace 1, wherein the drying furnace 1 is provided with a first outlet 1-1 of the drying furnace, a second outlet 1-2 of the drying furnace and a first inlet 1-3 of the drying furnace; the high-temperature flue gas from the pulverized coal hot blast stove 4 exchanges heat with the raw material coal in the drying stove 1 to dry the raw material coal, the temperature of the raw material coal after heat exchange is 130-200 ℃, the first flue gas in the drying stove is discharged from a second outlet 1-2 of the drying stove, the first flue gas is dedusted by a second deduster 10 to obtain fine pulverized coal, and the fine pulverized coal is used as fuel and enters the pulverized coal hot blast stove to be combusted to generate high-temperature flue gas. Purifying the first flue gas after dust removal by a purifier 11 to obtain waste gas and water; the raw material coal after heat exchange is discharged through a first outlet 1-1 of the drying furnace. Wherein the moisture content of the dried coal is less than 0.5 wt%. In this embodiment, the drying furnace is a fluidized bed drying furnace, and the device provided in this embodiment can make high-temperature flue gas that the buggy hot-blast furnace produced carry out cyclic utilization, and the fine coal powder that the drying furnace produced is as buggy hot-blast furnace fuel, has reduced the supply of external fuel, has improved the efficiency of system. According to the device provided by the invention, after the raw material coal is dried, the moisture content of the raw material coal is lower than 0.5 wt%.
The pyrolysis furnace 2 is communicated with the drying furnace through a first outlet 1-1 of the drying furnace; the raw material coal from the drying furnace 1 and the pyrolysis coal gas from the fluidized bed cooling furnace 3 exchange heat in the pyrolysis furnace, and the raw material coal is subjected to pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis furnace 2 to obtain 550-650 ℃ high-temperature oil gas and 550-650 ℃ upgraded coke powder; the upgraded coke powder is discharged through a first outlet 2-1 of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace, high-temperature oil gas is discharged through a second outlet 2-2 of the pyrolysis furnace, fine coke powder is obtained after dust removal through a first dust remover 7, the high-temperature oil gas after dust removal enters a second heat exchanger 8 for heat exchange, the heat of the high-temperature oil gas is recovered, and the high-temperature oil gas after heat exchange enters an oil-gas separator 9 for separation to obtain pyrolysis water, coal tar and pyrolysis gas; the pyrolysis gas is partially discharged and the other part is recycled to the cooling furnace through a first inlet 3-3 of the cooling furnace. In this embodiment, the pyrolysis oven is the fluidized bed pyrolysis oven, and first heat exchanger 8 is exhaust-heat boiler, and exhaust-heat boiler can the waste heat of recycle high temperature oil gas to carry out the heat that heat transfer recycle produced many times, further improved the efficiency of system.
The cooling furnace 3 is communicated with the pyrolysis furnace through a first outlet 2-1 of the pyrolysis furnace; the upgraded coke powder enters a cooling furnace 3 and exchanges heat with pyrolysis gas, the temperature of the upgraded coke powder after heat exchange is lower than 100 ℃, and the upgraded coke powder is discharged through a first outlet 3-1 of a drying furnace; the temperature of the pyrolysis gas after heat exchange is 250-400 ℃, fine coke powder is generated after dust removal by the third dust remover 12, and the pyrolysis gas after dust removal is heated to 650-800 ℃ by the heater 5 and then enters the pyrolysis furnace through the first inlet 2-3 of the pyrolysis furnace to provide heat for the pyrolysis reaction of the raw material coal. The fine coke powder generated by the high-temperature oil gas in the first dust remover 7 and the fine coke powder generated by the pyrolysis gas in the third dust remover 12 are mixed with the upgraded coke powder discharged from the cooling furnace, and the mixture is humidified and cooled by the humidifier 13 to obtain upgraded coke powder products, and the upgraded coke powder products are discharged. Wherein the humidified upgraded coke breeze has a water content of 12 wt%. The cooling furnace used in this embodiment is a bubbling bed cooling furnace.
The device provided by the invention can recycle the heat of the upgraded coke powder, the high-temperature flue gas and the high-temperature oil gas, the temperature of the discharged first flue gas and the upgraded coke powder is low, the utilization rate of the total heat is high, the discharged heat is less, and the energy efficiency is improved.
As a preferred embodiment, the drying furnace 1, the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the cooling furnace 3 are sequentially communicated in the vertical direction, the communication mode can reduce the occupied area of equipment, and the raw material coal and the upgraded coke powder can naturally settle to the next operation by utilizing the action of gravity, so that the energy consumption of the system can be further reduced, and the energy is saved.
Example 2
This example provides a pulverized coal pyrolysis method using the pulverized coal pyrolysis apparatus provided in example 1, comprising the steps of,
5 tons of foam coal (0-30mm) are continuously fed into a drying furnace, high-temperature flue gas at 250 ℃ is introduced into the bottom of the drying furnace, the foam coal is heated to 130 ℃ in the drying furnace, the water content is reduced to 0.5 wt%, and coal powder and water with the particle size of less than 200 mu m in the raw material coal are taken out of the drying furnace. The drying furnace discharges first flue gas which carries coal dust and water vapor, fine coal dust is obtained after dust removal, the first flue gas after dust removal is purified and separated to obtain dry water, the dry waste gas is further purified, and the fine coal dust is used as fuel to enter the coal dust hot air furnace.
The dried foam coal enters a fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace, raw material coal from the drying furnace directly contacts with high-temperature flue gas at 650 ℃ to perform pyrolysis reaction to produce solid upgraded coke powder and high-temperature oil gas at 550 ℃, the high-temperature oil gas at 550 ℃ is pumped out together with part of coal gas in the pyrolysis furnace, fine coke powder is obtained after dust separation, and the high-temperature oil gas after dust removal enters an oil-gas separator to be separated after heat is recovered by a waste heat boiler to obtain pyrolysis coal gas, coal tar and pyrolysis water. And (3) sending the self-produced surplus pyrolysis coal gas to a downstream device for treatment, circulating most pyrolysis coal gas to a cooling furnace, exchanging heat with upgraded coke powder from the pyrolysis furnace in the cooling furnace, heating the pyrolysis coal gas after heat exchange to 250 ℃, performing heat exchange between the pyrolysis coal gas in the cooling furnace and the upgraded coke powder, removing dust to obtain fine coke powder, heating the pyrolysis coal gas after dust removal to 650 ℃, and sending the heated fine coke powder into the pyrolysis furnace.
The high-temperature upgraded coke powder generated after the pyrolysis reaction falls from the bottom of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace by means of gravity, enters the fluidized bed cooling furnace, exchanges heat with the circulated pyrolysis coal gas to reduce the temperature to be below 100 ℃, is discharged from the bottom of the cooling furnace by means of gravity, is mixed with the fine coke powder generated by dedusting of high-temperature oil gas, the fine coke powder generated by dedusting of pyrolysis coal gas at the outlet of the cooling furnace and the upgraded coke powder discharged from the cooling furnace, is cooled and humidified by water to obtain an upgraded coke powder product, and is discharged out of the device, wherein the water content of the upgraded coke powder after humidification is 10 wt%.
The method comprises the following steps of circulating pulverized coal which is dedusted by first flue gas discharged by a drying furnace as fuel into a pulverized coal hot air furnace for combustion to generate high-temperature flue gas, exchanging heat between the high-temperature flue gas and pyrolysis gas from a cooling furnace to raise the temperature of the pyrolysis gas, exchanging heat between the high-temperature flue gas and combustion-supporting air entering a pulverized coal hot air furnace to raise the temperature of the air, enabling the high-temperature flue gas after heat exchange to be 250 ℃, enabling the high-temperature flue gas to enter the drying furnace to dry raw material coal, enabling the air temperature after heat exchange to be 200 ℃, enabling the high-temperature flue gas to enter the pulverized coal hot air furnace, and enabling the oxygen content.
Example 3
This example provides a pulverized coal pyrolysis method using the pulverized coal pyrolysis apparatus provided in example 1, comprising the steps of,
5t of foam coal (0-30mm) is continuously fed into a drying furnace, high-temperature flue gas at 500 ℃ is introduced into the bottom of the drying furnace, the foam coal is heated to 180 ℃ in the drying furnace, the water content is reduced to 0 wt%, and meanwhile, coal powder and water with the particle size of less than 200 mu m in the raw materials are taken out of the drying furnace. The drying furnace discharges first flue gas which carries coal dust and water vapor, fine coal dust is obtained after dust removal, the first flue gas after dust removal is purified and separated to obtain dry water, the dry waste gas is further purified, and the fine coal dust is used as fuel to enter the coal dust hot air furnace.
Feeding the dried foam coal into a fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace, directly contacting raw material coal from the drying furnace with high-temperature flue gas at 800 ℃ to perform pyrolysis reaction to obtain solid upgraded coke powder and high-temperature oil gas at 620 ℃, pumping out the high-temperature oil gas at 620 ℃ together with coal gas in the pyrolysis furnace, performing dust separation to obtain fine coke powder, recovering heat from the high-temperature oil gas after dust removal through a waste heat boiler, and then feeding the high-temperature oil gas into an oil-gas separation to obtain pyrolysis coal gas, coal tar and pyrolysis water; and (2) sending the self-produced surplus pyrolysis coal gas to a downstream device for treatment, circulating most pyrolysis coal gas to a cooling furnace, heating to 400 ℃ after heat exchange between the cooling furnace and high-temperature upgraded coke powder from the pyrolysis furnace, performing heat exchange between the pyrolysis coal gas in the cooling furnace and the upgraded coke powder, removing dust to obtain fine coke powder, performing heat exchange between the dedusted pyrolysis coal gas and high-temperature flue gas from a pulverized coal hot-blast stove, heating the dedusted pyrolysis coal gas to 800 ℃, and sending the heated pyrolysis coal gas into the pyrolysis furnace.
The high-temperature upgraded coke powder generated after the pyrolysis reaction falls from the bottom of the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace by means of gravity, enters the fluidized bed cooling furnace, exchanges heat with the circulated pyrolysis coal gas to reduce the temperature to be below 100 ℃, is discharged from the bottom of the cooling furnace by means of gravity, is mixed with the fine coke powder generated by dedusting of high-temperature oil gas, the fine coke powder generated by dedusting of pyrolysis coal gas at the outlet of the cooling furnace and the upgraded coke powder discharged from the cooling furnace, is cooled and humidified by water to obtain an upgraded coke powder product, and is discharged out of the device, wherein the water content of the upgraded coke powder after humidification is 10 wt%.
And circulating the fine coal powder after the first flue gas discharged by the drying furnace is dedusted as a fuel into a coal powder hot air furnace for combustion to generate high-temperature flue gas, exchanging heat between the high-temperature flue gas and pyrolysis coal gas from a cooling furnace to raise the temperature of the pyrolysis coal gas, exchanging heat between the high-temperature flue gas and combustion-supporting air entering a coal powder hot air furnace to raise the temperature of the air, wherein the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas after heat exchange is 500 ℃, and entering the drying furnace to dry raw material coal. The temperature of the air after heat exchange is 350 ℃, the air enters the pulverized coal hot blast stove for combustion supporting, and the oxygen content at the outlet of the pulverized coal hot blast stove is lower than 6 vol% through circulating high-temperature flue gas and air distribution regulation.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A pulverized coal pyrolysis device is characterized by comprising,
the pulverized coal hot blast stove is communicated with the drying furnace; after heat exchange, part of high-temperature flue gas generated by the pulverized coal hot blast stove enters the bottom of the drying furnace and exchanges heat with raw material coal;
the drying furnace is used for exchanging heat between the raw material coal and high-temperature flue gas from a pulverized coal hot blast furnace to obtain dry raw material coal; discharging first flue gas from the top of the drying furnace, removing dust to obtain fine coal powder, and feeding the fine coal powder into a coal powder hot blast stove as fuel;
the pyrolysis furnace is communicated with the drying furnace, the raw coal from the drying furnace and the pyrolysis coal gas from the cooling furnace exchange heat, the raw coal is subjected to pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis furnace to obtain high-temperature oil gas and upgraded coke powder, and the upgraded coke powder is discharged from the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace;
and the cooling furnace is communicated with the pyrolysis furnace and is used for cooling and upgrading the coke powder.
2. The pulverized coal pyrolysis device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-temperature oil gas discharged from the pyrolysis furnace is subjected to dust removal, heat exchange and oil-gas separation to obtain pyrolysis gas, coal tar, pyrolysis water and fine coke powder; part of pyrolysis coal gas is circulated to the bottom of the cooling furnace; and respectively discharging the pyrolysis coal gas and the upgraded coke powder after heat exchange in the cooling furnace.
3. The pulverized coal pyrolysis device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pyrolysis gas discharged from the cooling furnace is dedusted, heat-exchanged, and circulated to the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace to exchange heat with the raw material coal in the pyrolysis furnace, so that the raw material coal undergoes a pyrolysis reaction.
4. The pulverized coal pyrolysis device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein after heat exchange between high-temperature flue gas generated by the pulverized coal hot blast stove and pyrolysis gas from a cooling furnace, part of the high-temperature flue gas is circulated into the pulverized coal hot blast stove for recycling, and part of the high-temperature flue gas enters the drying furnace after heat exchange with air from the outside again.
5. The pulverized coal pyrolysis device as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein fine coke powder generated after dust removal of high-temperature oil gas discharged from the pyrolysis furnace, fine coke powder generated after dust removal of pyrolysis gas discharged from the cooling furnace and upgraded coke powder discharged from the cooling furnace are mixed and discharged through humidification.
6. The pulverized coal pyrolysis apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the drying furnace, the pyrolysis furnace and the cooling furnace are communicated in order in a vertical direction; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the drying furnace, the pyrolysis furnace and the cooling furnace are communicated in sequence in the horizontal direction.
7. A pulverized coal pyrolysis method using the pulverized coal pyrolysis apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the steps of,
after entering a drying furnace, raw material coal exchanges heat with high-temperature flue gas from a coal powder hot blast furnace to reach the raw material coal temperature of 130-;
exchanging heat between the raw material coal from the drying furnace and the pyrolysis coal gas from the cooling furnace in the pyrolysis furnace, carrying out pyrolysis reaction on the raw material coal to obtain high-temperature oil gas and upgraded coke powder, and respectively discharging the upgraded coke powder and the high-temperature oil gas; performing dust removal, heat exchange and oil-gas separation on the high-temperature oil gas to obtain pyrolysis gas, coal tar, pyrolysis water and fine coke powder; wherein, part of pyrolysis gas enters a cooling furnace;
after entering the cooling furnace, the pyrolysis gas exchanges heat with upgraded coke powder from the pyrolysis furnace in the cooling furnace, and the pyrolysis gas after heat exchange is discharged from the cooling furnace, subjected to dust removal and heating and then enters the pyrolysis furnace;
fine coke powder generated by dedusting high-temperature oil gas and pyrolysis gas is mixed with upgraded coke powder discharged from a cooling furnace, and the mixture is discharged after humidification and cooling;
wherein, the first flue gas generated by the drying furnace is dedusted to obtain fine coal powder, and the fine coal powder is used as fuel to enter a coal powder hot blast stove; after heat exchange, part of high-temperature flue gas generated by the pulverized coal hot blast stove enters the bottom of the drying furnace.
8. The pyrolysis method according to claim 7, wherein the high-temperature flue gas after heat exchange is subjected to heat exchange again with air from outside, the high-temperature flue gas after heat exchange enters a drying furnace, and the temperature of the air after heat exchange is 240 ℃ and 450 ℃ and enters a pulverized coal hot blast furnace.
9. The pyrolysis method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the temperature of the first flue gas generated by the drying furnace is 200-500 ℃;
the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas entering the bottom of the drying furnace is 250-500 ℃;
the temperature of the high-temperature oil gas discharged by the pyrolysis furnace is 550-650 ℃;
the temperature of the pyrolysis gas entering the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace is 650-800 ℃;
the temperature of the pyrolysis gas discharged from the cooling furnace is 250-400 ℃.
10. A pyrolysis process according to any one of claims 7 to 9 wherein the feed coal is 0 to 30mm froth coal.
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