CN104448201B - 聚氨酯吸音棉及其制备方法 - Google Patents

聚氨酯吸音棉及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104448201B
CN104448201B CN201410799214.XA CN201410799214A CN104448201B CN 104448201 B CN104448201 B CN 104448201B CN 201410799214 A CN201410799214 A CN 201410799214A CN 104448201 B CN104448201 B CN 104448201B
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耿佃勇
柴可军
董伟
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Zibo Zhengda Polyurethane Co., Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明属于化工领域，具体涉及一种聚氨酯吸音棉及其制备方法。由A组分和B组分制成：A组分为：官能度2‑3、分子量3000～5000的聚醚多元醇，2‑3官能度、分子量5000～6000的接枝聚醚多元醇，水，泡沫稳定剂，胺催化剂，交联剂，扩链剂；B组分为改性黑料。其中改性黑料为用官能度3、分子量700的聚醚多元醇和黑料PM200制备的NCO含量28.5％的改性黑料。制备的吸音棉具稳定的化学和物理性能，不老化，不吸水；具有优异的吸声性能，且吸声频率范围宽，不仅在高频领域吸音效果好，在中低频率隔音效果也很优良。本发明提供的制备方法，制备方法简单易实施，没有溶剂，安全环保。

Description

聚氨酯吸音棉及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于化工领域，具体涉及一种聚氨酯吸音棉及其制备方法。
背景技术
当前噪音污染已成为人类环境的四大污染之一，降低噪音是现代建筑的基本要求。传统吸音材料中，不管是木板，矿渣棉，还是玻璃丝制成的人造无机纤维棉等其他材料，都具有它们的局限性，重量太大，产生垃圾污染环境，对人体有害，吸音效果不好，不耐火，易老化，易发生形变。而普通聚氨酯吸音棉吸声频率范围很窄，仅在高频领域吸音效果好，在中低频率隔音效果不明显。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种聚氨酯吸音棉，吸声性能优异，且吸声频率范围宽，不仅在高频领域吸音效果好，在中低频率隔音效果也很优良；本发明还提供其制备方法。
本发明所述的聚氨酯吸音棉，由A组分和B组分按照以下重量份数制成：
A组分：
B组分：
改性黑料 35～40份；
其中：
聚醚多元醇A为2-3官能度，分子量3000～5000的聚醚多元醇；
聚醚多元醇B为2-3官能度，分子量5000～6000的接枝聚醚多元醇；
改性黑料为聚醚多元醇和黑料PM200制备的NCO含量28.5％的改性黑料。
其中：
聚醚多元醇A为2-3官能度，分子量3000-5000的聚醚多元醇，采用这类多元醇做的吸音棉表面结皮好，手感好，脱模时间快。聚醚多元醇A优选为DMN-3050，由淄博德信联邦化学工业有限公司生产。
聚醚多元醇B为2-3官能度，分子量5000-6000的接枝聚醚多元醇，采用此类多元醇做的吸音棉手感好、硬度大。聚醚多元醇B优选为POP45，由淄博德信联邦化学工业有限公司生产。
泡沫稳定剂为泡沫稳定剂Y-10366，优选迈图生产的泡沫稳定剂Y-10366，起到稳定泡沫和调节泡孔、乳化泡沫物料的作用。
胺催化剂为胺催化剂A33，美国气体化工产品公司生产，主要利用其高活性，对凝胶反应和发泡反应起到较强的催化作用。
交联剂为二乙醇胺，稳定泡沫结构的同时对聚氨酯反应有一定的催化作用。
扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇，把反应中的分子链进一步扩大，增加制品的柔韧性。
改性黑料为用3官能度、分子量700的聚醚多元醇和黑料PM200以质量比为3:3.6，于85℃反应3小时制备的NCO含量28.5％的改性黑料。黑料PM200优选为烟台万华集团生产。
将A组分各原料加入搅拌器混合均匀，调整恒定料温25±2℃，调节搅拌器转速到4000-5000r/min，将预热至25±2℃的B组分倒入A组分中搅拌15-25s，将混合物料倒入预热至40±5℃的模具中，5-10min后脱模，得到产品。
调节搅拌器转速到4000-5000r/min，采用此范围的转速可以更充分的混匀各组分料。
综上所述，本发明具有以下优点：
(1)本发明所述的聚氨酯吸音棉具稳定的化学和物理性能，不老化，不吸水；
(2)本发明所述的聚氨酯吸音棉具有优异的吸声性能，且吸声频率范围宽，不仅在高频领域吸音效果好，在中低频率隔音效果也很优良。
(3)本发明所述的聚氨酯吸音棉具本身带有耐火和隔热的功能，柔软轻质，可用普通美工刀随意的裁割、搭配、拼接，方便施工，使用寿命长。
(4)本发明提供的制备方法，制备方法简单易实施，没有溶剂，安全环保，对人体没有危害。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例1
由A组分和B组分按照以下重量份数制成：
A组分：
B组分：
改性黑料 37份；
其中：
改性黑料为用3官能度、分子量700的聚醚多元醇和黑料PM200以质量比为3:3.6，于85℃反应3小时制备的NCO含量28.5％的改性黑料。
其制备方法包括以下步骤：
将A组分各原料加入搅拌器混合均匀，调整恒定料温25±2℃，调节搅拌器转速到4500r/min，将预热至25±2℃的B组分倒入A组分中搅拌20s，将混合物料倒入预热至40±5℃的模具中，8min后脱模，得到产品。
对实施例1制备得到的产品进行性能测试，测试结果如下：
1、压缩永久变形性1％；
2、5cm厚产品的检测结果为NRC(综合降躁系数)：0.90；
3、憎水率：99％；
4、水蒸气渗透指数为2.02*10-6g/㎡.s.Pa。
实施例2
由A组分和B组分按照以下重量份数制成：
A组分：
B组分：
改性黑料 40份；
其中：
改性黑料为用3官能度、分子量700的聚醚多元醇和黑料PM200以质量比为3:3.6，于85℃反应3小时制备的NCO含量28.5％的改性黑料。
其制备方法包括以下步骤：
将A组分各原料加入搅拌器混合均匀，调整恒定料温25±2℃，调节搅拌器转速到5000r/min，将预热至25±2℃的B组分倒入A组分中搅拌15s，将混合物料倒入预热至40±5℃的模具中，5min后脱模，得到产品。
对实施例2制备得到的产品进行性能测试，测试结果如下：
1、压缩永久变形性1％；
2、5cm厚产品的检测结果为NRC(综合降躁系数)：0.90。
3、憎水率：99％；
4、水蒸气渗透指数为2.03*10-6g/㎡.s.Pa。
实施例3
由A组分和B组分按照以下重量份数制成：
A组分：
B组分：
改性黑料 35份；
其中：
改性黑料为用3官能度、分子量700的聚醚多元醇和黑料PM200以质量比为3:3.6，于85℃反应3小时制备的NCO含量28.5％的改性黑料。
其制备方法包括以下步骤：
将A组分各原料加入搅拌器混合均匀，调整恒定料温25±2℃，调节搅拌器转速到4000r/min，将预热至25±2℃的B组分倒入A组分中搅拌25s，将混合物料倒入预热至40±5℃的模具中，10min后脱模，得到产品。
对实施例3制备得到的产品进行性能测试，测试结果如下：
1、压缩永久变形性1％；
2、5cm厚产品的检测结果为NRC(综合降躁系数)：0.90；
3、憎水率：99.2％；
4、水蒸气渗透指数为2.05*10-6g/㎡.s.Pa。

Claims (6)

1.一种聚氨酯吸音棉，其特征在于：由A组分和B组分按照以下重量份数制成：
A组分：
聚醚多元醇A 95～100份
聚醚多元醇B 10～15份
水 4～5份
泡沫稳定剂 0.5～0.7份
胺催化剂 0.30～0.50份
交联剂 1.0～2.0份
扩链剂 2.5～3.0份；
B组分：
改性黑料 35～40份；
其中：
所述改性黑料为用3官能度、分子量700的聚醚多元醇和黑料PM200以质量比为3:3.6，于85℃反应3小时制备的NCO含量28.5%的改性黑料；
聚醚多元醇A为DMN-3050；
聚醚多元醇B为POP45。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯吸音棉，其特征在于：泡沫稳定剂为泡沫稳定剂Y-10366。
3.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯吸音棉，其特征在于：胺催化剂为胺催化剂A33。
4.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯吸音棉，其特征在于：交联剂为二乙醇胺。
5.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯吸音棉，其特征在于：扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇。
6.一种权利要求1-5任一所述的聚氨酯吸音棉的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
将A组分各原料加入搅拌器混合均匀，调整恒定料温25±2℃，调节搅拌器转速到4000-5000r/min，将预热至25±2℃的B组分倒入A组分中搅拌15-25s，将混合物料倒入预热至40±5℃的模具中，5-10min后脱模，得到产品。
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