CN104447582B - 四苯基吡嗪小分子衍生物、四苯基吡嗪聚合物以及聚集诱导发光材料 - Google Patents
四苯基吡嗪小分子衍生物、四苯基吡嗪聚合物以及聚集诱导发光材料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104447582B CN104447582B CN201410577337.9A CN201410577337A CN104447582B CN 104447582 B CN104447582 B CN 104447582B CN 201410577337 A CN201410577337 A CN 201410577337A CN 104447582 B CN104447582 B CN 104447582B
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- tetraphenylpyrazine
- polymer
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- -1 pyrazine small molecule Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Natural products C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 9
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ZPKCJXWKXAHCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,5,6-tetraphenylpyrazine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)N=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZPKCJXWKXAHCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 35
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 35
- JLZUZNKTTIRERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphenylethylene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)=C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLZUZNKTTIRERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoin Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- WURBFLDFSFBTLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzil Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WURBFLDFSFBTLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- PONXTPCRRASWKW-KBPBESRZSA-N diphenylethylenediamine Chemical compound C1([C@H](N)[C@@H](N)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=CC=C1 PONXTPCRRASWKW-KBPBESRZSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- YJADROSYDFWBOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)C=1C(=C(S(C1)(C1=CC=CC=C1)(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)C=1C(=C(S(C1)(C1=CC=CC=C1)(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 YJADROSYDFWBOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003216 pyrazines Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 70
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 58
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 17
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000002189 fluorescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001840 matrix-assisted laser desorption--ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 8
- QAKMXYFDVPDIPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,3,4,5-hexakis-phenylsilole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C(=C([Si]1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 QAKMXYFDVPDIPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylboronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 0 *C1C=CC(c2nc(-c3ccc(*)cc3)c(C(C=C3)=CCC3I)nc2-c2ccc(*)cc2)=CC1 Chemical compound *C1C=CC(c2nc(-c3ccc(*)cc3)c(C(C=C3)=CCC3I)nc2-c2ccc(*)cc2)=CC1 0.000 description 4
- 125000004800 4-bromophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Br 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- SUSQOBVLVYHIEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylacetonitrile Chemical compound N#CCC1=CC=CC=C1 SUSQOBVLVYHIEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 4
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- GWHJZXXIDMPWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)C(C)=C1 GWHJZXXIDMPWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SQTLUXJWUCHKMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-n,n-diphenylaniline Chemical compound C1=CC(Br)=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 SQTLUXJWUCHKMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000005549 heteroarylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HHXBZEIOUIMZET-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3-dichlorophenyl)-phenylphosphane Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(PC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1Cl HHXBZEIOUIMZET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBLFZIBJXUQVRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-bromophenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 QBLFZIBJXUQVRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOAAEKKFGLPLLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-methoxyphenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(B(O)O)C=C1 VOAAEKKFGLPLLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEMAVVLAZKHZAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(4-bromophenyl)ethanol Chemical compound C=1C=C(Br)C=CC=1C(O)CC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 FEMAVVLAZKHZAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GLGSKPXEIKBTOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(4-phenylphenyl)ethane-1,2-dione Chemical group C=1C=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1C(=O)C(=O)C(C=C1)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 GLGSKPXEIKBTOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFMZQPDHXULLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)CCP(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 QFMZQPDHXULLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PONXTPCRRASWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(N)C(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 PONXTPCRRASWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REKFALFAMJBFCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-bromophenyl)-2-phenylethane-1,2-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(Br)=CC=C1C(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 REKFALFAMJBFCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PACGLQCRGWFBJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetonitrile Chemical group COC1=CC=C(CC#N)C=C1 PACGLQCRGWFBJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRYZBQLXDKPBDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromobenzaldehyde Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 ZRYZBQLXDKPBDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- REIYTOQLPGJJKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)B(O)O.C1(=CC=CC=C1)N(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)B(O)O.C1(=CC=CC=C1)N(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 REIYTOQLPGJJKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021595 Copper(I) iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N Protium Chemical compound [1H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000028419 Styrax benzoin Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000126 Styrax benzoin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008411 Sumatra benzointree Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930003451 Vitamin B1 Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C]1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical class [C]1=CC=CC=C1 CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001540 azides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002130 benzoin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- MVHJGIFBMMWKED-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper triphenylphosphane dibromide Chemical compound [Cu+2].[Br-].[Br-].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MVHJGIFBMMWKED-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LSXDOTMGLUJQCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(i) iodide Chemical compound I[Cu] LSXDOTMGLUJQCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- FHIVAFMUCKRCQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazinon Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=CC(C)=NC(C(C)C)=N1 FHIVAFMUCKRCQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000950 dibromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XEHVFKKSDRMODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethynyl Chemical compound C#[C] XEHVFKKSDRMODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=O HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019382 gum benzoic Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GRVDJDISBSALJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyloxidanyl Chemical compound [O]C GRVDJDISBSALJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiamine Chemical compound CC1=C(CCO)SCN1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O thiamine pyrophosphate Chemical compound CC1=C(CCOP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010374 vitamin B1 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D241/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings
- C07D241/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D241/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D241/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
- C07F7/081—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te
- C07F7/0812—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te comprising a heterocyclic ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/0622—Polycondensates containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C08G73/0638—Polycondensates containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with at least three nitrogen atoms in the ring
-
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种四苯基吡嗪小分子衍生物、四苯基吡嗪聚合物以及聚集诱导发光材料,该四苯基吡嗪小分子衍生物的结构如式(1)所示,式(1)中,R1、R2、R3和R4独立地选自氢、烷氧基、取代或者未取代的苯基、卤素或者乙炔基;所述苯基上的取代基为芳香胺基。四苯基吡嗪衍生物基本的制备方法有两种:(1)通过安息香衍生物的合环反应来制备;(2)通过二苯偶酰衍生物与二苯基乙二胺的合环反应来制备。其合成的二炔类衍生物可通过点击聚合向AIE聚合物衍生。鉴于其简便的合成,四苯基吡嗪有望继六苯基噻咯和四苯基乙烯之后成为新一种的AIE母核,并得到广泛的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机/聚合物发光材料领域,尤其涉及一种基于四苯基吡嗪的具有聚集诱导发光性能的小分子以及聚合物的制备与性能。
背景技术
在传统的有机发光材料的研究中,有机分子的聚集荧光猝灭一直是亟待解决的难题。例如,在有机发光二极管(OLED)中,作为发光层的薄膜,其所含的有机分子本身就处于聚集态,传统分子的荧光浓度猝灭不可避免。尽管可通过掺杂和分子上引入大体积基团增加空间位阻等来避免聚集,但它带来的负面效应以及增加成本等问题也是不容忽视的。
2001年香港科技大学唐本忠教授报道了一类具有螺旋桨状结构的分子在溶液中不发光或者发光微弱,但是聚集后发光显著增强,这与传统的ACQ效应完全相反。唐等将这一新颖的光物理行为定义为“聚集诱导发光”(AIE),聚集诱导发光这一现象使利用聚集来增强荧光成为可能。自此以后,AIE的研究蓬勃发展,现在已经成为光物理领域的一个新的研究方向。
目前,已经发展了一类以六苯基噻咯(HPS)和四苯基乙烯(TPE)为母核的AIE分子。这类分子在溶液状态不发射或只发射微弱的荧光,而在聚集状态下荧光发射强度大大增强,从根本上避免了浓度和聚集诱导的荧光猝灭的问题,因此在OLED,化学传感和生物检测等领域有着不可估量的应用前景(B.Z.Tang,et al.,Chem.Commun.,2001,1740;B.Z.Tang,et al.,Appl.Phys.Lett.,2007,91,011111-1;B.Z.Tang,et al.,Adv.Mater.,2014,26,5429;B.Liu and B.Z.Tang,et al.,Acc.Chem.Res.,2013,46,2441)。
HPS和TPE衍生物无疑推动了AIE材料的快速发展,但是它们本身面临的问题也是不容忽视的:(1)HPS合成步骤繁琐、条件苛刻,其结构容易在碱性条件下遭到破坏;(2)TPE中的内部双键容易在热或紫外线的作用下产生降解,其稳定性有需提升;(3)TPE中的双键结构是否对AIE(Z/E异构和分子内旋转受限)有贡献存在争议。因此,我们亟需开发一类具有合成简单,热和化学稳定性能好,机理明确等特点的AIE母核分子。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种四苯基吡嗪小分子衍生物、四苯基吡嗪聚合物以及聚集诱导发光材料,该四苯基吡嗪类聚集诱导发光材料具有AIE性能,同时具有合成简单,稳定性能好,机理明确,便于衍生等优点。
一种四苯基吡嗪小分子衍生物,结构如式(1)所示:
式(1)中,R1、R2、R3和R4独立地选自氢、烷氧基、取代或者未取代的芳基、卤素或者乙炔基;
所述芳基上的取代基为芳香胺基。
该四苯基吡嗪小分子衍生物溶解于良溶剂后,再加入不良溶剂,形成聚集体后荧光强度明显增强,表明该四苯基吡嗪小分子衍生物具有良好的聚集诱导发光效应,同时,由于合成简单,稳定性能好,机理明确,便于衍生。
作为优选,所述的烷氧基为C1~C5烷氧基,所述的芳基为苯基,所述的卤素为F、Cl或溴,所述的芳香氨基为二苯胺基。
作为优选,R1=R4=R2=R3。此时,产物合成简单,能够得到单一产物,性能稳定。
作为优选,所述的四苯基吡嗪小分子衍生物包含如式(2A)和式(2B)所示的两种异构体:
式(2A)和式(2B)中,R5≠R6,选自烷氧基、取代或者未取代的芳基、卤素、乙炔基;所述芳基上的取代基为芳胺基。此时,该产物可以通过安息香衍生物的合环反应来制备,得到的产物为两种异构体的混合物,不需要进行分离,直接可以应用于聚集诱导发光材料领域。作为优选,所述的烷氧基为C1~C5烷氧基,所述的芳基为苯基,所述的卤素为F、Cl或溴,所述的芳香氨基为二苯胺基。
作为优选,R1=R4,R2=R3,各自独立地选自氢基、甲氧基、溴原子、乙炔基或如下所示的取代苯基:
其中,“~~~~”代表取代位置。
作为优选,R1=R2=R3=氢基,R4为溴取代基、乙炔基或如下所示的取代苯基:
作为进一步的优选,所述的四苯基吡嗪小分子衍生物,结构为下式中的一种或几种:
其中,表示式(2A-2)和式(2B-2)两种异构体的混合物:
式(2-3)~式(2-7)具有相同的含义。
本发明还提供了所述的四苯基吡嗪小分子衍生物的制备方法,包括如下两种方法:(1)通过安息香衍生物的合环反应来制备;(2)通过二苯偶酰衍生物与二苯基乙二胺的合环反应来制备。该制备方法简单,仅需要原料在醋酸中回流数小时即可,反应后直接在醋酸中重结晶即可获得产物。借助以上两种方法合成了无取代,单溴,二溴(两种)和四溴取代的四苯基吡嗪衍生物,并以它们为基础设计合成了一系列具有聚集诱导发光特性的小分子和聚合物。
本发明还提供了一种四苯基吡嗪聚合物,结构如式(3)或式(4)所示:
式(3)中,R9选自亚烷基、亚芳基或者亚杂芳基;
式(4)中,R10选自亚烷基、亚芳基或者亚杂芳基;
n=8~80。
该聚合物同样具有AIE效应,同时由于聚合物的自身优点,扩大了该四苯基吡嗪类化合物的应用范围。
作为优选,所述R9或R10优选为C1~C5亚苯基或亚苯基。
作为优选,所述的R9或者R10中含有如下式所示的连接基团:
此时,该聚合物中的三氮唑连接基团可以通过叠氮和炔的点击聚合反应形成。
作为进一步的优选,所述的四苯基吡嗪聚合物,结构如下式所示:
本发明还提供了一种聚集诱导发光材料,含有所述的四苯基吡嗪小分子衍生物和所述的四苯基吡嗪聚合物中的至少一种。
同现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果体现在:
本发明的四苯基吡嗪类化合物具有AIE性能,同六苯基噻咯(HPS)和四苯基乙烯(TPE)相比,具有合成简单,稳定性能好,机理明确,便于衍生等优点。基于TPP的分子材料有望在生物医药,光电以及环境保护领域有较好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为四苯基吡嗪(式1-1所示化合物)在四氢呋喃和水混合溶剂中随水含量不断增加的荧光发射光谱图(10-5mol/L)。
图2为四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式1-2所示化合物)在四氢呋喃和水混合溶剂中随水含量不断增加的荧光发射光谱图(10-5mol/L)。
图3为四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式2-2所示化合物)在四氢呋喃和水混合溶剂中随水含量不断增加的荧光发射光谱图(10-5mol/L)。
图4为四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式2-3所示化合物)在四氢呋喃和水混合溶剂中随水含量不断增加的荧光发射光谱图(10-5mol/L)。
图5为四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式2-6所示化合物)在四氢呋喃和水混合溶剂中随水含量不断增加的荧光发射光谱图(10-5mol/L)。
图6为四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式2-7所示化合物)在四氢呋喃和水混合溶剂中随水含量不断增加的荧光发射光谱图(10-5mol/L)。
图7为四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式1-1,1-2,2-2,2-3,2-6,2-7所示化合物)在四氢呋喃和水混合溶剂中随水含量不断增加的荧光强度变化谱图;其中,纵坐标表示在某一四氢呋喃和水比例下混合物中的荧光强度与纯四氢呋喃溶液中的荧光强度的比值减一。
图8为四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式1-8所示化合物)在四氢呋喃和水混合溶剂中随水含量不断增加的荧光发射光谱图(10-5mol/L)。
图9为四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式1-8所示化合物)在四氢呋喃和水混合溶剂中随水含量不断增加的荧光强度和发射波长变化谱图。
图10为四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式2-4所示化合物)在四氢呋喃和水混合溶剂中随水含量不断增加的荧光发射光谱图(10-5mol/L)。
图11为四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式2-4所示化合物)在四氢呋喃和水混合溶剂中随水含量不断增加的荧光强度和发射波长变化谱图。
图12为四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式1-4所示化合物)在四氢呋喃和水混合溶剂中随水含量不断增加的荧光发射光谱图(10-5mol/L)。
图13为四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式,1-4所示化合物)在四氢呋喃和水混合溶剂中随水含量不断增加的荧光强度和发射波长变化谱图。
图14,四苯基吡嗪聚合物衍生物(式3-1所示化合物)在四氢呋喃和水混合溶剂中随水含量不断增加的荧光发射光谱图(10-5mol/L)。
图15为四苯基吡嗪聚合物衍生物(式3-1所示化合物)在四氢呋喃和水混合溶剂中随水含量不断增加的荧光强度的变化谱图。
具体实施方式
本发明所涉及的是一类四苯基吡嗪类衍生物及其聚合物的制备与应用,其中结构通式如式(1),(2),(3)和(4)所示:
其中,R1,R4,R2,R3,可选自氢基、烷氧基、卤原子、乙炔基或芳香胺;
其中,R9选自烷基、芳(杂)基。
其中,R10选自正烷基、芳(杂)基。
上述发光材料的合成包括以下步骤,下面通过实施例对本发明做进一步阐述,所举之例并不限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
四苯基吡嗪(式1-1所示化合物)的合成
方法一:合成方法参考文献(D.Davidson,M.Weiss and M.Jelling,J.Org.Chem.1937,2,328),50mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2.12g安息香(10mmol),1.45ml乙酸酐(15mmol),2.32g乙酸铵(10mmol)和10mL乙酸。反应在乙酸中回流3.5h,降温抽滤,滤渣在乙酸中重结晶,得白色针状晶体,收率:33.9%。产物的表征数据如下:
1H NMR(500MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.65(m,8H),7.33(m,12H).
13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)148.5,138.5,129.9,128.7,128.3.
HRMS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 384.1664([M]+),calcd for C28H20N2384.1626.
方法二:合成方法参考文献(J.A.Katzenellenbogen,et al.,Bioorg.Med.Chem.,2003,11,629):50mL圆底烧瓶中,加入1,2-二苯乙二胺212mg(1mmol),二苯偶酰210mg(1mmol)和2mL乙酸。反应在乙酸中回流4h,降温抽滤,滤渣在乙酸中重结晶,得白色针状晶体,收率:46.9%。
本实施例所得的化合物在良溶剂四氢呋喃中只发射微弱的荧光,随着不良溶剂水的加入,分子发生聚集,体现为典型的聚集诱导发光性质。
实施例2
四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式1-2所示化合物)的合成
合成方法和本专利的实施例1中的方法一相似,不同之处在于原料做相应改变,白色针状晶体,收率:20%。产物表征数据如下:
1H NMR(500MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.61(d,8H),6.86(d,8H),3.82(s,12H).
13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)159.9,146.8,131.1,113.7,55.3.
HRMS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 504.2039([M]+),calcd for C32H28N2O4504.2049.
本实施例所得的化合物的AIE性能与实施例1中的化合物相似。
实施例3
四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式2-2所示化合物)的合成
(1)1-(4-溴苯基)-2-苯乙酮的合成
合成方法参考文献(C.Cheng,et al.,Org.Lett.2010,12,1736):250mL圆底烧瓶中加入10g 4-溴苯硼酸(50mmol),1.32g Ni(dppe)Cl2(2.5mmol)和5.1gZnCl2(37.5mmol)。反应体系抽真空换氮气三次后向其注入75mL1,4-二氧六环,2.9mL苯乙腈(25mmol)和0.45ml水(25mol),反应80℃维持8h。反应完毕后过滤,滤渣用四氢呋喃洗涤三次后,滤液旋干,粗产物硅胶柱层析纯化(展开剂石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20:1),得白色固体,收率:74.4%。产物的表征数据如下:
1H NMR(500MHz DMSO-d6):δ(TMS,ppm)7.99(d,2H),7.76(d,2H),7.26(m,5H),4.39(s,2H).
13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)196.8,135.5,134.4,132.2,130.4,129.6,129.0,128.6,127.3,45.8.
(2)1-(4-溴苯基)-2-羟基-2-苯乙酮的合成
合成方法参考文献(Y.Xie and Z.Chen,Synth.Commun.2002,32,1875),250mL圆底烧瓶中加入6g1-(4-溴苯基)-2-苯乙酮(22mmol),150mL二甲亚砜和7.5mL水。原料完全溶解后,分两次加入20.5gPHI(OH)OTs(52.8mmol),反应室温维持24h。反应结束后倒入水中用乙酸乙酯提取,有机相用大量水洗涤,分离旋干,产物硅胶柱层析纯化(展开剂石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10:1),得白色固体,收率:35.4%。
1H NMR(500MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.78(d,2H),7.54(d,2H),7.32(m,5H),5.89(s,1H)4.47(s,1H).
13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)198.3,138.9,132.3,130.8,129.5,129.0,128.0,76.6.
(3)二溴代四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式2-1所示化合物)的合成
合成方法和本专利的实施例1中的方法一相似,白色晶体,收率:18.6%。
1H NMR(500MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.61(m,4H),7.50(m,4H),7.46(m,4H),7.36(m,6H)。
13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)148.6,148.4,147.4,147.2,138.0,137.2,131.5,131.4,129.8,129.0,128.5,123.3。
(4)四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式2-2所示化合物)的合成
250mL圆底烧瓶中加入120mg(式2-1所示化合物)(0.22mmol),66mg苯硼酸(0.54mmol)和12.8mg四三苯基膦钯(0.011mmol)。体系抽真空换氮气三次后,注入10mL四氢呋喃和碳酸钾水溶液(1.38g碳酸钾溶于5mL水)。反应80℃维持12h。反应结束后用二氯甲烷萃取,水洗,有机相旋干,产物硅胶柱柱层析(展开剂石油醚/乙酸乙酯=50:1),得白色固体,收率:58.9%
1H NMR(500MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.74(m,8H),7.64(d,4H),7.59(d,4H),7.45(t,4H),7.37(m,8H).
13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)148.6,148.5,148.2,148.1,141.5,140.7,138.7,137.6,130.6,130.2,129.1,129.0,128.6,127.8,127.3,127.2.
HRMS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 536.2248([M]+),calcd for C40H28N2536.2252.
本实施例所得式2-2所示化合物的AIE性能与实施例1中的化合物相似。
(4)四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式2-3所示化合物)的合成
合成方法与本专利实施例3中式2-2化合物的合成相似,原料中对甲氧基苯硼酸取代苯硼酸。白色固体,收率:68.2%
1H NMR(500MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.72(m,8H),7.57(d,4H),7.52(d,4H),7.35(m,6H),6.97(d,4H),3.85(s,6H).
13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)159.6,148.5,148.4,148.2,148.0,141.2,138.8,137.0,133.2,130.5,130.1,128.9,128.6,128.3,126.7,114.5,55.6.
HRMS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 596.2462([M]+),calcd for C42H32N2O2596.2464.
本实施例所得式2-3所示化合物的AIE性能与实施例1中的化合物相似。
(5)四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式2-4所示化合物)的合成
合成方法与本专利实施例3中式2-2化合物的合成相似,原料中三苯胺苯硼酸取代苯硼酸。黄绿色固体,收率:41.5%
1H NMR(300MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.23(m,8H),7.54(m,8H),7.31(m,14H),7.16(d,12H),7.05(t,4H).
HRMS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 870.3632([M]+),calcd for C64H46N4870.3722.
本实施例所得的式2-4所示化合物其在良溶剂四氢呋喃中发射一定强度的荧光,随不良溶剂水的加入,在发生聚集之前荧光强度逐渐降低发射峰的位置逐渐红移,体现为扭曲的分子内电荷转移的性质;当发生聚集后荧光强度又逐渐增强发射峰的位置发射相应的蓝移,体现为AIE的性质。
实施例4
(1)二溴代二甲氧基取代四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式2-5所示化合物)的合成
合成方法与实施例3中的式2-1所示化合物的合成相似,原料对甲氧基苯乙腈取代苯乙腈。白色固体,收率:23.5%。
1H NMR(500MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.56(m,8H),7.45(d,4H),6.87(d,4H),3.83(s,6H).
13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)160.3,148.0,147.5,146.8,146.1,137.6,131.5,131.4,131.3,131.2,131.1,130.3,123.0,113.9,55.3.
(2)四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式2-6所示化合物)的合成
合成方法与实施例3中式2-2所示化合物的合成方法相似。白色固体,收率:79.3%。
1H NMR(500MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.77(d,4H),7.66(m,8H),7.60(d,4H),7.45(t,4H),7.36(t,2H),6.89(d,4H),3.83(6H).
13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)160.1,147.7,147.4,147.2,146.9,141.1,140.6,137.9,131.3,130.9,130.2,128.8,127.5,127.1,127.0,113.8,55.3.
HRMS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 596.2457([M]+),calcd for C42H32N2O2596.2464.
本实施例所得式2-6所示化合物的AIE性能与实施例1中的化合物相似。
(3)四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式2-7所示化合物)的合成
合成方法与实施例3中式2-3所示化合物的合成方法相似。白色固体,收率:62.9%。
1H NMR(500MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.74(d,4H),7.65(d,4H),7.58(d,4H),7.53(d,4H),6.99(d,4H),6.88(d,4H),3.86(s,6H),3.83(s,6H).
13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)160.1,159.4,147.5,147.3,147.2,146.9,140.6,137.2,133.0,131.3,131.0,130.2,128.1,126.4,114.3,113.7,55.4,55.3.
HRMS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 656.2658([M]+),calcd for C44H36N2O4656.2675.
本实施例所得式2-7所示化合物的AIE性能与实施例1中的化合物相似。
实施例5
(1)1-(4-溴苯基)-2-苯乙烷-1,2-二酮的合成
合成方法参考文献(A.Goggiamani,et al.,Synthesis,2013,45,1701),50mL圆底烧瓶中加入0.5g1-(4-溴苯基)-2-苯乙酮的合成(1.82mmol),50mg醋酸酮(0.273mmol),143mg三苯基膦(0.546mmol)和5mL 1,2,4-三甲苯。升温至100℃反应在空气中反应1h。反应结束后反应液用二氯甲烷稀释,水洗,得有机相旋干,产物硅胶柱层析纯化(展开剂石油醚/乙酸乙酯=50:1),得黄色固体,收率:49.5%
1H NMR(300MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.95(m,2H),7.86(d,2H),7.68(m,3H),7.53(t,2H).
(2)单溴代四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式1-7所示化合物)的合成
合成方法和本专利实施例1中的方法二相似。白色晶体,收率:48.0%。
1H NMR(300MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.63(m,6H),7.51(d,2H),7.46(d,2H),7.34(m,9H).
(3)三苯胺取代四苯基衍生物(式1-8所示化合物)的合成
合成方法和本专利实施例3中式2-2所示化合物的合成方法相似,淡黄色固体,收率:62.7%。
1H NMR(300MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.69(m,8H),7.53(m,4H),7.35(m,13H),7.15(d,6H),7.08(t,2H).
HRMS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 627.2666([M]+,calcd for C46H33N3627.2674).
本实施例所得式1-8所示化合物的荧光性质和实施例3中式2-4所示化合物相似。
实施例6
(1)1,2-双(4-溴苯基)-2-羟基乙烷的合成
合成方法参考文献(D.Liu,et al.,Dyes Pigments,2011,91,298),250mL圆底烧瓶中加入5.6g维生素B1(15mmol),75mL乙醇和3.75mL水,待混合物冰浴降温至0℃一下后,滴加10%的氢氧化钠溶液调制pH=9。加入15mg对溴苯甲醛,维持反应温度65℃反应12h。反应结束后过滤,滤渣用乙醇和水洗涤,滤液旋去乙醇后,用二氯甲烷萃取,有机相旋干,产物硅胶柱层析纯化(展开剂石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5:1),得白色固体,收率:37.7%。
1H NMR(300MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.76(d,2H),7.57(d,2H),7.47(d,2H),7.20(2H),5.86(s,1H)。
(2)四溴四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式1-3所示化合物)的合成
合成方法和实例1中的方法一相似,白色固体,产率:35.1%。
1H NMR(300MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.49(s,16H).
(3)4-硼酸酯-N,N-双(4-异丁基苯基)胺的合成
4-溴-N,N-双(4-异丁基苯基)胺合成方法参考文献(B.M.Bhanage,et al.,Tetrahedron Lett.,2007,48,6573)
250mL圆底烧瓶中加入0.65g4-溴-N,N-双(4-异丁基苯基)胺(1.5mmol),体系真空换氮气三次后,加入干燥的四氢呋喃30ml,降温至-78℃。缓慢滴加0.75mL正丁基锂溶液(1.8mmol),维持体系-78℃反应1h后,加入0.5mL 2-异丙氧基-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷(1.8mmol),体系恢复室温反应过夜。反应结束后加水终止反应,用二氯甲烷萃取,有机相旋干,产物硅胶柱层析纯化(展开剂石油醚/二氯甲烷=10:1),得白色固体,收率:41.7%。
1H NMR(300MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.63(d,2H),7.28(d,4H),7.05(m,6H),1.33(s,12H),1.32(s,18H).
(4)四(三苯胺)取代四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式1-4所示化合物)的合成
合成方法参照本专利实施例3式2-2所示化合物的合成方法,得黄色固体,收率:7.4%。
1H NMR(300MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.76(d,8H),7.54(d,8H),7.48(d,8H),7.28(d,16H),7.10(d,8H),7.04(d,16H),1.32(s,72H).
HRMS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 1805.0316([M]+),calcd for C132H136N61805.0826.
本实施例所得式1-4所示化合物的荧光性质和实施例3中式2-4所示化合物相似。
实施例7
(1)二溴四苯基吡嗪衍生物(式1-5所示化合物)的合成
合成方法参照本专利实施例1方法二,原料中1,4-二溴二苯偶酰取代二苯偶酰。白色晶体,收率:44.3%。
1H NMR(400MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.62(m,4H),7.51(m,8H),7.34(m,6H).
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)148.8,147.0,138.1,137.1,131.7,131.4,129.9,128.9,128.4,123.4.
(2)二(三甲基硅炔基)四苯基吡嗪衍生物的合成
500mL圆底烧瓶中加入2.33g式1-5所示化合物(4.3mmol),60.4mg二氯二苯基膦化钯(0.086mmol),16.4mg碘化亚铜(0.086mmol)和11.2mg三苯基膦(0.043mmol)。体系抽真空换氮气三次后,加入150mL干燥的四氢呋喃,75mL三乙胺,待反应物完全溶解后,再加入2mL三甲基硅炔(12.9mmol)和10mL哌啶,维持反应50℃24h。反应结束后加稀盐酸终止,用二氯甲烷萃取,水洗,有机相旋干,产物硅胶柱柱层析(展开剂石油醚/二氯甲烷=5:1),得白色固体,收率:89.2%。
1H NMR(400MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.62(m,4H),7.56(d,4H),7.4(d,4H),7.34(m,6H),0.26(s,18H).
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)148.7,147.6,138.3,132.0,129.9,129.8,128.8,128.3,123.6,104.8,95.8,0.01.
(3)二炔基四苯基吡嗪衍生物的合成
250mL圆底烧瓶中加入0.8g二三甲基硅炔四苯基吡嗪衍生物(1.39mmol),20mL四氢呋喃,20mL无水甲醇和0.62g氢氧化钾(11.1mmol)。反应室温维持过夜后,加稀盐酸终止反应,用二氯甲烷萃取,水洗,有机相旋干,产物硅胶柱层析纯化(展开剂石油醚/二氯甲烷=5:1),得白色固体,收率:90.0%。
1H NMR(400MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.62(m,8H),7.47(d,4H),7.34(m,6H),3.15(s,2H).
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)148.7,147.4,138.6,138.2,132.2,129.9,129.8,128.9,128.3,122.6,83.4,78.5.
HRMS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 432.1618([M]+),calcd forC32H20N2432.1626.
(4)含四苯基吡嗪聚合物衍生物(式3-1所示化合物)的合成
聚合方法参照文献(B.Z.Tang,et al.,Macromolecules,2009,42,1421),10mL聚合管里加入43.3g二炔基四苯基吡嗪衍生物(0.1mmol),47.9mg二叠氮单体(合成方法参照B.Z.Tang,et al.,Sci.Rep.,2014,4,5107)(0.1mmol)和三(三苯基膦)溴化亚铜3.7mg。体系抽真空换氮气三次后加入1mL干燥的四氢呋喃,维持60摄氏度聚合12h。聚合结束后,溶液用氯仿稀释后,缓慢通过滤棉滴加入正在搅拌的200mL正己烷/氯仿的混合溶剂中(体积比10:1)。沉淀物放置过夜后,滤出,真空干燥,得谈黄色固体,收率:98.5%。Mw=16100,PDI=1.52.
1H NMR(400MHz CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)7.77,7.72,7.64,7.63,7.32,7.25,7.10,7.08,6.75,6.73,4.38,3.88,1.95,1.73,1.59,1.50,1.40.
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ(TMS,ppm)156.8,148.5,147.7,143.1,138.4,138.1,130.5,130.0,128.8,128.3,127.7,125.6,113.8,67.5,50.5,41.7,31.1,30.3,29.1,26.3,25.6。
本实施例所得式3-1所示化合物的AIE性能与实施例1中的化合物相似。
Claims (1)
1.一种四苯基吡嗪小分子衍生物在制备聚集诱导发光材料中的应用,其特征在于,结构为下式中的一种或几种:
式(3-1)中,n=8~80。
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