CN104396872B - A kind of Hystrix hodgsoni standardization cultural method - Google Patents

A kind of Hystrix hodgsoni standardization cultural method Download PDF

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CN104396872B
CN104396872B CN201410697871.3A CN201410697871A CN104396872B CN 104396872 B CN104396872 B CN 104396872B CN 201410697871 A CN201410697871 A CN 201410697871A CN 104396872 B CN104396872 B CN 104396872B
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hystrix hodgsoni
hodgsoni
hystrix
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贺增荣
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Yancheng Silk Road Information Technology Service Co.,Ltd.
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LUXI COUNTY TIANYUAN PORCUPINE FARMING PROFESSIONAL COOPERATIVES
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/02Breeding vertebrates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/189Enzymes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K50/00Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/30Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines

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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of Hystrix hodgsoni standardization cultural method: in annual 4 Mays and the oestrus in 9 October, and adult male Hystrix hodgsoni and adult unpregnancy mother's Hystrix hodgsoni carry out subfield house stable breeding, and feeding contained Chinese herbal medicine and promoted the sexual maturity the first scattered formula forage every day;After female Hystrix hodgsoni pregnancy, female for pregnancy Hystrix hodgsoni and male Hystrix hodgsoni are separated stable breeding, the second formula forage of conceived female Hystrix hodgsoni feeding every day enzyme-containing formulation.The method uses the standardized domesticating method of science, the bottleneck that the Hystrix hodgsoni that breaks traditions cultivation breeding is slow, quantity is few, makes the breeding of Hystrix hodgsoni be capable of 1 year two tires, every tire two to four son, and the survival rate of piglet is high, it is adaptable to large-scale cultivation and popularization.

Description

A kind of Hystrix hodgsoni standardization cultural method
Technical field
The present invention relates to animal cultivation technical field, particularly relate to a kind of Hystrix hodgsoni standardization cultural method.
Background technology
Hystrix hodgsoni, also known as porcupine, is the class rodent that drapes over one's shoulders spine, and in vigorous health, body is long 55-77 centimetre, tail Long 8-14 centimetre, body weight 10-14 kilogram.Modern medicine expert studies discovery, and Hystrix hodgsoni has a highest medical value, meat, Brain, fatty oil, the heart, liver, gallbladder, stomach, arrow (thorn) all can be used as medicine, wherein meat can loosening bowel to relieve constipation, yin nourishing heat extraction, strong Effect of stomach lung benefiting;Gallbladder materials for improving vision refreshing and brain nourishing;Oil can removing toxic substances and promoting pus discharge, granulation promoting pain relieving;Stomach has a clearing away heat-damp and promoting diuresis, stomach invigorating and In, the disease such as formula for treating gastropathy, jaundice, edema, tinea pedis;Thorn can cure mainly heart pain, skin allergy with circulation of qi promoting.
Owing to wild Hystrix hodgsoni is the most exhausted, facing disappearance, Hystrix hodgsoni has been listed in protection species by China Forest department, forbids catching Hunt.And artificial cultivation Hystrix hodgsoni, China is at the early-stage, the exploitation of this emerging aquaculture industry, has special economic worth With unique market prospect.It is known that Hystrix hodgsoni is typically oestrused in autumn and winter season, the spring or early summer is farrowed, period of pregnancy 110 About it, about 50 days age of sucking, a usual 1 year tire, a tire one to two is young.And the artificial cultivation of Hystrix hodgsoni to be improved Scale, a very important approach is exactly to improve the farrowing rate of Hystrix hodgsoni, and ensures the survival rate of piglet.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is the present situation cultivated for current Hystrix hodgsoni, it is provided that a kind of Hystrix hodgsoni standardization cultivation Method, the method uses the standardized domesticating method of science, the Hystrix hodgsoni that breaks traditions cultivation to breed the bottleneck slow, quantity is few, The breeding making Hystrix hodgsoni is capable of 1 year two tires, every tire two to four son, and the survival rate of piglet is high, it is adaptable to scale is supported Grow and promote.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of Hystrix hodgsoni standardization cultural method, this cultural method is specific as follows:
(1) in annual 4-5 month and the oestrus in 9-10 month, adult male Hystrix hodgsoni and adult unpregnancy mother's Hystrix hodgsoni are carried out Subfield house stable breeding, male three mothers of every column home one or male two mothers;
(2) feeding every day the first formula forage, diatery supplement are the most once, and feeding amount is the first formula forage 4-5 liang/pcs, auxiliary Eat 0.5-1 liang/pcs;
(3) after female Hystrix hodgsoni pregnancy, female for pregnancy Hystrix hodgsoni and male Hystrix hodgsoni are separated stable breeding, pregnancy mother's Hystrix hodgsoni feeding every day the The most once, feeding amount is the second formula forage 5-6 liang/pcs, diatery supplement 1-2 liang/pcs for two formula forage, diatery supplement, and public Hystrix hodgsoni is just Often feeding;
(4) after female Hystrix hodgsoni farrowing, within age of sucking (50-60 days), to suckling mother's Hystrix hodgsoni and piglet equal feeding every day The most once, wherein the feeding amount of suckling mother Hystrix hodgsoni is the second formula forage 5-6 liang/pcs, diatery supplement for second formula forage, diatery supplement 1-2 liang/pcs, the feeding amount of piglet is the second formula forage 0-4 liang/pcs, diatery supplement 0-1 liang/pcs, public Hystrix hodgsoni diet;
(5) after terminating age of sucking, female Hystrix hodgsoni, male Hystrix hodgsoni being carried out diet, piglet continues to feed by (4th) step (i.e. feeding the second formula forage, diatery supplement are the most once, and feeding amount is the second formula forage 0-4 liang/pcs, diatery supplement to eat two months 0-1 liang/pcs), diet again after terminating.
Above-mentioned diet specifically refers to feeding normal feedstuff every day, diatery supplement the most once, feedstuff 4-5 two based on feeding amount / only, diatery supplement 0.5-1 liang/pcs.
Described first formula forage is to soak 12-14 hour after Semen Maydis and Semen Glycines are mixed by the mass ratio of (8-10) 1, Mix the bone meal with 1-3% (by mass) again, 1-3% (by mass) Chinese herbal medicine is promoted the sexual maturity to dissipate and is formed.Described Chinese herbal medicine Bales Off of promoting the sexual maturity includes each component of following parts by weight: Herba Epimedii 3-5 part, Actinolitum 3-5 part, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 3-5 part, Rhizoma Cyperi 3-5 part, Herba Leonuri 3-5 part, Semen Cuscutae 3-5 part.
Described second formula forage is to soak 12-14 hour after Semen Maydis and Semen Glycines are mixed by the mass ratio of (4-6) 5, then Mix the bone meal with 1-3% (by mass), the enzyme preparation of 5-10% (by mass) forms.Described enzyme preparation by with Lower section method is prepared from: weigh 5 kilograms of water, 0.3-1 kilogram of brown sugar, fresh fruit 1-2 kilogram, and by fresh fruit Chopping, puts into washed container the most together, seals after stirring, and stands 1-2 month, then opens and use bundle Live fruit extrusion liquid and be enzyme preparation.Described fresh fruit includes each component of following parts by weight: Fructus Fortunellae Margaritae 5-10 part, Arillus Longan 5-10 part, fragrant pear 5-10 part, Fructus Kaki 5-10 part, Citrus sinensis Osbeck 5-10 part, HONGTI 5-10 part, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti 5-10 part, Fructus actinidiae chinensis 5-10 part, Fructus Mali pumilae 5-10 part.
Described normal feedstuff is to soak 12-14 hour after Semen Maydis and Semen Glycines are mixed by the mass ratio of (8-10) 1, then mixes Form with the bone meal of 1-3% (by mass).
Described diatery supplement is the mixture of one or more in Chinese cabbage, green vegetable, Radix Ipomoeae, Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, Radix Raphani.
Described first formula forage, the second formula forage, the feeding time of normal feedstuff are 5-6 point in afternoon, described diatery supplement Feeding time be 8-9 point in the morning.
Described column home includes interior room and the mistress being interconnected, wherein interior room floor space 1.5 × 3 meters, mistress's floor space 1.5 × 1.5 meters, enclosure wall high 1.5 meters, the ground, outside of mistress is embedded with the reinforcing bar screen cloth of 1 × (0.3-0.5) rice, and steel It is provided with gutter below muscle screen cloth be easy to draining and clean feces.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following remarkable advantage and a beneficial effect:
(1) most preferably oestrus the feature that temperature is about 28 degree according to Hystrix hodgsoni, respectively build a person of outstanding talent in the first half of the year and the second half year The suitable environment of pig copulation, gives feeding and promotes the sexual maturity formula forage, makes female Hystrix hodgsoni first half of the year and the second half year respectively produce a tire, and Using method of double crossing to significantly improve the farrowing rate of female Hystrix hodgsoni, it is young that every tire can produce two to four;
(2) terminate to age of sucking after female Hystrix hodgsoni pregnancy, give the formula forage that feeding with the addition of enzyme preparation, in enzyme system Agent can make suckling mother's Hystrix hodgsoni galactopoiesis improve 25-30%, and in Piglet at Lactation Period also feeding this with the addition of joining of enzyme preparation Side's feedstuff, is experimentally confirmed this method and piglet daily gain can be made to improve 6%, and by effectively supplementing the deficiency of endogenous enzymes Significantly improving the survival rate of piglet, survival rate reaches more than 95%;
(3) foodstuff is reasonably combined, balanced in nutrition, suitably gives needed for ensureing Hystrix hodgsoni daily routines in the case of nutrient Hunger sensation, not only contributes to it and keeps motion, improves Hystrix hodgsoni lean meat percentage, and is conducive to improving Hystrix hodgsoni self function, is difficult to By the infection of antibacterial, virus etc., the most healthy;
(4) at the different bearing stage of Hystrix hodgsoni, the feedstuff of feeding different formulations, meet Hystrix hodgsoni different phase nutrition and Psychological need, makes 1 year two tire that Hystrix hodgsoni breeds, every tire two to four son be possibly realized, and can guarantee that the high viability of piglet;
(5) column home uses inside and outside two Room, and half stable breeding formula is raised, both allowed Hystrix hodgsoni fully keep wild nature, and saved again soil And construction cost;
(6) present invention is the standardized workable Hystrix hodgsoni cultural method of the science by experimental verification, passes through Standardization cultivates, and can effectively reduce the blindness of Hystrix hodgsoni cultivation, be especially suitable for Industry Promotion.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described in detail.It it is noted that detailed description below is all exemplary , it is intended to provide further instruction to the present invention.Except as otherwise noted, all Science and Technology arts that the present invention uses Language has the identical meanings being generally understood that with the technical field of the invention personnel.
In order to verify the feasibility of the present invention, applicant tries with reference to the present invention in JIUYUE, 2013 in August ,-2014 The property tested Hystrix hodgsoni cultivates.
Plant location: Zhang Jiafang township Li Jiafang village head is near coal-mine for Pingxiang City Luxi County, Jiangxi Province;
Column home: include interior room and the mistress being interconnected, wherein interior room floor space 1.5 × 3 meters, mistress's floor space 1.5 × 1.5 meters, enclosure wall high 1.5 meters, the ground, outside of mistress is embedded with the reinforcing bar screen cloth of 1 × (0.3-0.5) rice, and steel It is provided with gutter below muscle screen cloth be easy to draining and clean feces;
Hystrix hodgsoni quantity: 140, screens from applicant's autotrophy healthy individuals, public Hystrix hodgsoni 40 of wherein growing up, unpregnancy of growing up Female Hystrix hodgsoni 100.
Carry out the breeding to Hystrix hodgsoni according to standardization flow process of the present invention, raise and manage.
The second half year in 2013:
First stage: mating season
In JIUYUE, 2013, the adult Hystrix hodgsoni screened above is carried out the house stable breeding of random subfield, one male three female 20 groups, one Male two female 20 groups, often one independent column home of group.
Feeding, all Hystrix hodgsoni are carried out by unified standard:
The morning 8-9 point: feeding diatery supplement, 0.5-1 liang/pcs, diatery supplement is in Chinese cabbage, green vegetable, Radix Ipomoeae, Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, Radix Raphani The mixture of one or more, every day can be different;
Afternoon 5-6 point: feeding with the addition of the feedstuff of important formula of promoting the sexual maturity, 4-5 liang/pcs, this feedstuff be Semen Maydis and Semen Glycines by Soak 12 hours after the mass ratio mixing of 91, then mix the bone meal with 3% (by mass), 3% (by mass) Chinese herbal medicine is promoted the sexual maturity to dissipate and is formed, and wherein Chinese herbal medicine Bales Off of promoting the sexual maturity includes each component of following parts by weight: Herba Epimedii 5 parts, sun rise 5 parts of stone, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 5 parts, Rhizoma Cyperi 5 parts, Herba Leonuri 5 parts, Semen Cuscutae 5 parts.
Second stage: period of pregnancy
After being found to have female Hystrix hodgsoni pregnancy, it is shifted from this column home, and changes feeding standard;
When after all conceived transfers of female Hystrix hodgsoni all in column home, change public Hystrix hodgsoni feeding standard.
Conceived female Hystrix hodgsoni feeding standard:
The morning 8-9 point: feeding diatery supplement, 1-2 liang/pcs, diatery supplement is in Chinese cabbage, green vegetable, Radix Ipomoeae, Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, Radix Raphani Kind or several mixture, every day can be different;
Afternoon 5-6 point: feeding with the addition of the feedstuff of enzyme preparation formula, 5-6 liang/pcs, and this feedstuff is that Semen Maydis and Semen Glycines are by 1 Soak 12 hours after the mass ratio mixing of 1, then mix the bone meal with 3% (by mass), 8% (by mass) Enzyme preparation forms.
Wherein: enzyme preparation is prepared by the following method and forms: weigh 5 kilograms of water, 0.3-1 kilogram of brown sugar, fresh fruit 1-2 kilogram, and fresh fruit is shredded, put into washed container the most together, seal after stirring, stand 1-2 Individual month, then open with gauze encase fruit extrusion liquid be enzyme preparation.Fresh fruit includes each of following parts by weight Component: Fructus Fortunellae Margaritae 5-10 part, Arillus Longan 5-10 part, fragrant pear 5-10 part, Fructus Kaki 5-10 part, Citrus sinensis Osbeck 5-10 part, HONGTI 5-10 Part, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti 5-10 part, Fructus actinidiae chinensis 5-10 part, Fructus Mali pumilae 5-10 part.
Public Hystrix hodgsoni feeding standard:
The morning 8-9 point: feeding diatery supplement, 0.5-1 liang/pcs, diatery supplement is in Chinese cabbage, green vegetable, Radix Ipomoeae, Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, Radix Raphani The mixture of one or more, every day can be different;
Afternoon 5-6 point: feeding normal feedstuff, 4-5 liang/pcs, this feedstuff is that Semen Maydis and Semen Glycines are mixed by the mass ratio of 91 Rear immersion 12 hours, then mix and form with the bone meal of 3% (by mass).
Phase III: age of sucking (60 days)
Female Hystrix hodgsoni and the same column home of piglet, public Hystrix hodgsoni is unified arranges column home.
Female Hystrix hodgsoni feeding standard: same to second stage.
Piglet feeding standard: every day feeding the second formula forage, diatery supplement the most once, feeding amount is the second formula forage 0-3 Liang/pcs, diatery supplement 0-1 liang/pcs, public Hystrix hodgsoni diet;
Public Hystrix hodgsoni feeding standard: same to second stage.
Fourth stage: the phase of adjustment of adaptation
Male Hystrix hodgsoni, female Hystrix hodgsoni carry out diet, and piglet continues by two months (i.e. feedings second of the second formula forage feeding The most once, feeding amount is the second formula forage 3-4 liang/pcs, diatery supplement 0.5-1 liang/pcs for formula forage, diatery supplement), after terminating Diet again.
Diet standard: with Hystrix hodgsoni feeding standard public in second stage.
The feeding standard that piglet is total: piglet give birth to after before this based on female Hystrix hodgsoni suckling, the most slowly introduce feedstuff and diatery supplement And amount is gradually increased, when terminating (last 5-10 days of age of sucking) soon age of sucking, control feedstuff feeding 3 liangs/pcs, Diatery supplement is at 0.5 liang/pcs;The laundering period bimestrial with piglet is given again, by feed formula during age of sucking after terminating age of sucking Carrying out feeding two months, simply feeding amount is gradually increased to the second formula forage 3-4 liang/pcs, diatery supplement 0.5-1 liang/pcs, and two Within individual month, terminate laggard row and carry out diet by adult Hystrix hodgsoni standard.
The second half year in 2013 farrowing rate and piglet survival rate statistics:
The first half of the year in 2014:
From in April, 2014, it is standardized with batch Hystrix hodgsoni according to the flow process identical with above-mentioned 2013 second half year Breed.
The first half of the year in 2014 farrowing rate and piglet survival rate statistics:
The above embodiment of the present invention is the description of the invention and cannot be used for limiting the present invention, wants with the right of the present invention Ask any change in the implication and scope that book is suitable, be all considered as being included within the scope of the claims.
The above, only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art For, on the premise of without departing from the core technology of the present invention, it is also possible to make improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications Also the scope of patent protection of the present invention should be belonged to.Any in the implication suitable with claims of the present invention and scope changes Become, be all considered as being included within the scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. a Hystrix hodgsoni standardization cultural method, it is characterised in that specific as follows:
(1) in annual 4-5 month and the oestrus in 9-10 month, adult male Hystrix hodgsoni and adult unpregnancy mother's Hystrix hodgsoni are carried out Subfield house stable breeding, male three mothers of every column home one or male two mothers;
(2) feeding every day the first formula forage, diatery supplement are the most once, and feeding amount is the first formula forage 4-5 liang/pcs, auxiliary Eat 0.5-1 liang/pcs;
(3) after female Hystrix hodgsoni pregnancy, female for pregnancy Hystrix hodgsoni and male Hystrix hodgsoni are separated stable breeding, pregnancy mother's Hystrix hodgsoni feeding every day the The most once, feeding amount is the second formula forage 5-6 liang/pcs, diatery supplement 1-2 liang/pcs for two formula forage, diatery supplement, and public Hystrix hodgsoni is just Often feeding;
(4) after female Hystrix hodgsoni farrowing, within age of sucking, suckling mother's Hystrix hodgsoni and piglet equal feeding every day the second formula are raised The most once, wherein the feeding amount of suckling mother Hystrix hodgsoni is the second formula forage 5-6 liang/pcs, diatery supplement 1-2 liang/pcs for material, diatery supplement, The feeding amount of piglet is the second formula forage 0-4 liang/pcs, diatery supplement 0-1 liang/pcs, public Hystrix hodgsoni diet;
(5) after terminating age of sucking, female Hystrix hodgsoni, male Hystrix hodgsoni being carried out diet, piglet continues to feed by (4th) step Food diet the most again;
Above-mentioned diet specifically refers to feeding normal feedstuff every day, diatery supplement the most once, feedstuff 4-5 two based on feeding amount / only, diatery supplement 0.5-1 liang/pcs.
A kind of Hystrix hodgsoni standardization cultural method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described first formula is raised Material for Semen Maydis than Semen Glycines by (8-10) 1 mass ratio mixing after soak 12-14 hour, then mix the bone meal with 1-3%, 1-3% Chinese herbal medicine is promoted the sexual maturity to dissipate and is formed.
A kind of Hystrix hodgsoni standardization cultural method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described Chinese herbal medicine is promoted the sexual maturity Bales Off includes each component of following parts by weight: Herba Epimedii 3-5 part, Actinolitum 3-5 part, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 3-5 part, Rhizoma Cyperi 3-5 Part, Herba Leonuri 3-5 part, Semen Cuscutae 3-5 part.
A kind of Hystrix hodgsoni standardization cultural method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described second formula is raised Material for Semen Maydis than Semen Glycines by (4-6) 5 mass ratio mixing after soak 12-14 hour, then mix the bone meal with 1-3%, The enzyme preparation of 5-10% forms.
A kind of Hystrix hodgsoni standardization cultural method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described enzyme preparation is passed through Following methods is prepared from: weigh 5 kilograms of water, 0.3-1 kilogram of brown sugar, fresh fruit 1-2 kilogram, and by fresh water Fruit chopping, puts into washed container the most together, seals after stirring, and stands 1-2 month, then opens and use gauze Encase fruit extrusion liquid and be enzyme preparation.
A kind of Hystrix hodgsoni standardization cultural method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described fresh fruit bag Include each component of following parts by weight: Fructus Fortunellae Margaritae 5-10 part, Arillus Longan 5-10 part, fragrant pear 5-10 part, Fructus Kaki 5-10 part, Citrus sinensis Osbeck 5-10 part, HONGTI 5-10 part, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti 5-10 part, Fructus actinidiae chinensis 5-10 part, Fructus Mali pumilae 5-10 part.
A kind of Hystrix hodgsoni standardization cultural method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described normal feedstuff is Semen Maydis is soaked 12-14 hour as after the mass ratio mixing of (8-10) 1 than Semen Glycines, then mixes and form with the bone meal of 1-3%.
A kind of Hystrix hodgsoni standardization cultural method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described diatery supplement be Chinese cabbage, The mixture of one or more in green vegetable, Radix Ipomoeae, Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, Radix Raphani.
A kind of Hystrix hodgsoni standardization cultural method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described first formula is raised Material, the feeding time of the second formula forage, normal feedstuff are 5-6 point in afternoon, and the feeding time of described diatery supplement is 8-9 in the morning Point.
A kind of Hystrix hodgsoni standardization cultural method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described column home includes phase Intercommunicated interior room and mistress, wherein interior room floor space 1.5 × 3 meters, mistress's floor space 1.5 × 1.5 meters, enclosure wall are high 1.5 meters, the ground, outside of mistress is embedded with the reinforcing bar screen cloth of 1 × (0.3-0.5) rice, and the row of being provided with below reinforcing bar screen cloth Ditch.
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