CN104396071A - 燃料电池的冷却回路 - Google Patents
燃料电池的冷却回路 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104396071A CN104396071A CN201380030160.4A CN201380030160A CN104396071A CN 104396071 A CN104396071 A CN 104396071A CN 201380030160 A CN201380030160 A CN 201380030160A CN 104396071 A CN104396071 A CN 104396071A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cooling circuit
- fuel cell
- sensor
- flow
- cooling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/56—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects
- G01F1/64—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects by measuring electrical currents passing through the fluid flow; measuring electrical potential generated by the fluid flow, e.g. by electrochemical, contact or friction effects
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
- G01F1/684—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow
- G01F1/688—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow using a particular type of heating, cooling or sensing element
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
- G01F1/684—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow
- G01F1/688—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow using a particular type of heating, cooling or sensing element
- G01F1/6888—Thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples, thermopiles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
- G01F1/684—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow
- G01F1/688—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow using a particular type of heating, cooling or sensing element
- G01F1/69—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow using a particular type of heating, cooling or sensing element of resistive type
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
- G01F15/001—Means for regulating or setting the meter for a predetermined quantity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
- G01F15/06—Indicating or recording devices
- G01F15/061—Indicating or recording devices for remote indication
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04417—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of the coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
- H01M8/04485—Concentration; Density of the coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04634—Other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04679—Failure or abnormal function of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04955—Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04044—Purification of heat exchange media
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种燃料电池的冷却回路,所述回路包括形成于燃料电池的双极板中、能够允许冷却流体流动的至少一个通道,并且进一步包括冷却流体流量传感器,所述回路的特征在于,其进一步包括安装在与流量传感器相同的同一机械支架上的冷却流体的电导率传感器。本发明还涉及一种燃料电池的控制方法和燃料电池。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及燃料电池。更确切地说,本发明涉及燃料电池的冷却系统。
背景技术
众所周知,燃料电池能够在没有转换为机械能的中间步骤的情况下通过基于氢气(燃料)和氧气(氧化剂)的电化学氧化还原反应直接产生电能。特别是对于机动车应用而言,该技术前景广阔。燃料电池通常包括一叠单体元件或电池单元,每个单体元件或电池单元基本上由阳极和阴极组成,所述阳极和阴极通过聚合物膜分隔,从而允许离子经由阳极到达阴极。
电池中发生的电化学反应为放热反应,因此在电池中导致温度升高。为了保护电池的各个组件,由电化学反应释放的热量必须被耗散。
在现有的燃料电池中,在空气冷却电池的情况下,该热量一般直接耗散到环境空气中,或者借助于其中流过诸如水的热传导流体的冷却回路被传送,以便在散热器、特别是为此目的设置的散热器处耗散到环境空气中。
为了防止电池的任何恶化,基于增加其使用寿命的目的,电池中存在用于监测不同量的多种装置。该监测例如涉及各个电池的端子处的电压、阳极和阴极的压力及水分含量、电池的芯部温度以及燃料和氧化流体的温度。这些监测装置主要关注于燃料和氧化气体供给回路。
然而,已经发现,也可能有用的是监测冷却回路的运行,特别是为了恰好在由温度升高而显现出电池过热之前检测到电池过热的风险。
发明内容
因此,本发明设计为通过提出一种用于实时监测冷却回路的运行的器件实现该目的。实际上,冷却回路中的各种故障可能影响电池的使用寿命。因此,如果回路中液体的流量不足,则结果是冷却变得低效。如果流动由于例如冷却泵的故障而中断,则存在电池芯部将出现热点的高风险,其可能引起非常迅速且不可逆的劣化。因此,已经证实,实时监测该流量是有用的,以便当流量不足时,如有必要可以停用电池。
还已经发现,冷却液的过大电导率可能导致不期望的泄漏电流,从而导致电池的一些元件的腐蚀和所述电池的随之劣化。这是因为冷却液与燃料电池的各个电池单元接触,其中由于叠置原理,每个电池单元处于与其它电池单元不同的电势。100个电池单元的燃料电池的末端电池单元之间的电势差可能高达100伏。因为需要维持高效的冷却,电池单元不能与冷却液电绝缘。由于整个电池组浸入于同一冷却液中,重要的是,使冷却液的电导率最小化,以便限制在冷却液中流动的泄漏电流。冷却液的电导率归因于当液体在回路中流动时通过离子变得带电的事实。由于不能完全消除该离子转移,因此已经证实,实时监测电导率的水平以便当电导率变得太大时如有必要则停用电池是有用的。通常在冷却回路中布置去离子盒。反映出过大电导率的信息也作为需要更换该去离子盒的指示。
由此,本发明旨在提出一种设有监测这些参数的系统的燃料电池的冷却回路。因此,本发明涉及一种燃料电池的冷却回路,所述回路包括形成于燃料电池的双极板中、适于允许冷却流体流动的至少一个通道,并且进一步包括冷却流体流量传感器,所述回路的特征在于,其进一步包括安装在与流量传感器相同的同一机械支架上的冷却流体电导率传感器。形成在该机械支架上的双传感器被定位为使得能够对在形成于双极板中的通道中流动的冷却液进行测量。
通过在同一机械支架上安装两个传感器,可以满足燃料电池的小总体尺寸的要求,以及可以提供传感器在电池单元的端子板上的更佳集成。
在本发明的有利实施例中,所述传感器适于对流量和电导率进行实时测量。这是因为,如上所述,能够实时监测冷却液以便防止电池的任何劣化是有用的。
存在多种用于测量流体流量的已知技术。因此,在本发明的有利实施例中,冷却流体流量传感器包括两个翼片和用于测量所述两个翼片之间的温度差的器件。
在本发明的另一有利实施例中,电导率传感器包括两个电极和用于测量所述两个电极之间的阻抗的器件。
在本发明的另一优选实施例中,冷却回路包括用于将由传感器测得的测量值传送至其中安装有冷却回路的燃料电池的控制器的器件。
本发明还涉及一种控制通过根据本发明的冷却回路冷却的燃料电池的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
·实时地将从流量传感器输出的流量测量值与第一预定阈值进行比较的步骤,
·如果流量的值降至低于第一阈值,则使得燃料电池停用(停止工作)。
本发明还涉及一种控制通过根据本发明的冷却回路冷却的燃料电池的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
·实时地将从电导率传感器输出的测量值与第二预定阈值进行比较的步骤,以及
·如果电导率的值升至高于第二阈值,则使得燃料电池停用。
本发明还涉及一种设有根据本发明的冷却回路的燃料电池。
附图说明
本发明的其它目的和优点将从由以下附图所图解的优选但非限制性实施例的以下说明中变得显而易见,其中:
图1示出了其上安装有流量传感器和电导率传感器的机械支架,
图2示出了根据本发明的传感器和燃料电池控制器的功能性框图,以及
图3示出了如图1中所示的机械支架的另一实施例。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一种燃料电池的冷却回路。该冷却回路包括安装在同一机械支架2上的、对应于流量传感器和电导率传感器的双(重)传感器1。该机械支架安装在燃料电池的端子板上,冷却回路穿过该端子板。
流量传感器是对热传导率的变化敏感的传感器,其包括支架,该支架特别是具有用于在受控条件下加热的器件和用于监测该支架的温度的器件。在稳定条件下,该温度取决于来自加热器件的热供给和从支架至周围环境的热耗散。该热耗散自身一方面取决于支架的温度与周围环境的温度之间的差异,且另一方面取决于冷却液的热传导率。
因此,该双传感器1包括第一对翼片,每个翼片包括浸入于冷却液中并由附图标记4标示的铂电阻(热敏电阻),以用于进行流量测量。在第一翼片处,电压被施加至电阻,以便对其进行加热;冷却流体流冷却该电阻,电阻的冷却程度随着流量的增大而变大。第二翼片用于测量冷却流体的温度。施加的电压被调节,以便维持第一电阻与冷却流体之间的恒定温度差。施加电压的值被测量并且用于量化流量。
然而,已经发现,在一些情况下,可变电压的施加可能产生与电势有关的电化腐蚀的问题。为了避免这一点,在优选实施例中,将平均值为零的交变电压通过分压器桥施加至两个电阻。分压器桥两侧之间的电压差被测量并且用于量化流量。
双传感器1进一步包括由附图标记3标示的第二对较大翼片,其用于测量电导率。通过测量每一瞬时形成电极的两个翼片之间的阻抗(电阻)进行该测量。由于两个板4具有可互换的功能,它们其在该情况下被赋予相同的附图标记。
在图3中所示的另一实施例中,用于测量阻抗的两个电极被集成到单一翼片3bis中。该配置未改变流量测量原理,并且其便于系统的集成。
对于流量传感器和电导率传感器两者,可以中断测量,以便最大化对可能引起腐蚀的任何电势的抑制。
需要对流量传感器和电导率传感器两者进行标定或校准。
优选地,双传感器应当按照如下方式安装,以使得翼片3和翼片4被定向为对冷却液的运动提供最小的阻力;也就是说,翼片被定位为沿冷却液流动的方向排列或对齐。
在一个实施例中,双传感器的机械支架设有垫片(密封垫片),以便防止任何冷却液至外部的泄漏。在翼片3、4与电子元件组之间也应当具有密封件,以便防止冷却液的泄漏。在图1的情况下,该密封阻隔件由硅酮制成。翼片3和4被集成到该硅酮密封阻隔件5中,翼片的敏感部分处于自由状态,以便保持与冷却液接触。
在一些配置中,发现该硅酮垫片未能提供完美的密封。因此,在优选实施例中,通过使用直接印刷到其中安装有垫片的回路上的物理阻隔件来提供密封。
图2示出了安装在燃料电池的端子板10上的双传感器1的方框图。该图示出了与集成到图1中的翼片3或3bis中的电极对应的两个电极40和与图1中的板4对应的两个电阻30。
端子板10包括用于成形从测量装置3和4输出的信号的电子元件组。因此,所述组11能够将电极40之间获得的阻抗测量值成形为信号11’。所述组12能够将施加至电阻30的电压的测量值成形为信号12’。
在以此方式调整之后,信号11’和12’被传输至位于电池控制器中的微控制器13。该微控制器13接着将对应于流量测量值的信号12’与一个或多个预定值进行比较。因此,在一个实例中,如果信号12’的值降至低于第一预定值,则微控制器触发警报,以通知使用者流量的减小。如果流量未增大并且信号12’的值降至低于代表提供电池的适当冷却所需的最小流量的第二预定值,这意味着存在电池劣化(老化)的风险,因为冷却未再正确地进行。在一示例性实施例中,微控制器接着使得燃料电池停用(停止工作)。在一特定实施例中,第一预定值为大约10升/分钟,并且第二预定值为大约5升/分钟。
该微控制器13还将对应于电导率测量值的信号11’与一个或多个预定值进行比较。因此,在一个实例中,如果信号11’的值升至高于第三预定值,则微控制器触发警报,以通知使用者电导率的增大。如果该电导率未减小并且信号11’的值升至高于代表为了避免燃料电池元件的过度腐蚀的最大可接受电导率的第四预定值,则在一示例性实施例中,微控制器使得燃料电池停用。在一特定实施例中,第三值为大约12微西门子/厘米,并且第四值为大约16微西门子/厘米。
因此,本发明能够提供一种监测燃料电池的冷却回路的装置,其可用于检测冷却回路中的任何异常运行,并且从而在任何损坏之前停用燃料电池。
Claims (11)
1.一种燃料电池的冷却回路,所述回路包括形成于所述燃料电池的双极板中、适于允许冷却流体流动的至少一个通道,并且进一步包括冷却流体流量传感器,所述回路的特征在于,其进一步包括安装在与所述流量传感器相同的同一机械支架上的冷却流体电导率传感器,从而形成双传感器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的冷却回路,其特征在于,所述传感器适于实时地进行流量和电导率的测量。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的冷却回路,其特征在于,所述冷却流体流量传感器包括两个翼片和用于测量所述两个翼片之间的温度差的器件。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的冷却回路,其特征在于,所述电导率传感器包括两个电极和用于测量所述两个电极之间的阻抗的器件。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的冷却回路,其特征在于,包括用于将由所述传感器测得的测量值传送至其中安装有所述冷却回路的燃料电池的控制器的器件。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的冷却回路,其特征在于,所述双传感器的机械支架设有垫片,以防止任何冷却液至外部的泄漏。
7.根据权利要求3和4所述的冷却回路,其特征在于,包括布置在所述传感器的翼片、电极与电子元件组之间的密封垫片。
8.根据权利要求7所述的冷却回路,其特征在于,所述密封垫片由硅酮制成。
9.控制通过根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的冷却回路冷却的燃料电池的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
·实时地将从所述流量传感器输出的流量测量值与第一预定阈值进行比较的步骤,
·如果流量的值降至低于第一阈值,则使得燃料电池停用。
10.控制通过根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的冷却回路冷却的燃料电池的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
·实时地将从电导率传感器输出的测量值与第二预定阈值进行比较的步骤,以及
·如果电导率的值升至高于第二阈值,则使得燃料电池停用。
11.燃料电池,其包括根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的冷却回路,并且包括适于实施根据权利要求9和10中任一项所述的控制方法的控制器。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1255363A FR2991814B1 (fr) | 2012-06-08 | 2012-06-08 | Circuit de refroidissement pour pile a combustible |
FR1255363 | 2012-06-08 | ||
PCT/EP2013/061823 WO2013182687A1 (fr) | 2012-06-08 | 2013-06-07 | Circuit de refroidissement pour pile à combustible |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN104396071A true CN104396071A (zh) | 2015-03-04 |
CN104396071B CN104396071B (zh) | 2016-09-28 |
Family
ID=46852163
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201380030160.4A Active CN104396071B (zh) | 2012-06-08 | 2013-06-07 | 燃料电池的冷却回路 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9837672B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2859609B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2015522917A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20150018619A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN104396071B (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2991814B1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2013182687A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110556552A (zh) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-12-10 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | 燃料电池发动机监控系统及方法 |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3030900A1 (fr) | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-24 | Michelin & Cie | Systeme de mesure de l'hygrometrie d'une membrane echangeuse d'ions dans une pile a combustible |
FR3030895B1 (fr) | 2014-12-19 | 2017-01-13 | Michelin & Cie | Systeme a pile a combustible |
JP2022185251A (ja) * | 2021-06-02 | 2022-12-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 空冷式燃料電池システム |
US11539058B1 (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2022-12-27 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Fuel cell hydrogen detection |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002184435A (ja) * | 2000-12-18 | 2002-06-28 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システムの保護装置 |
EP1282183A2 (en) * | 2001-07-27 | 2003-02-05 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Bipolar plates and end plates for fuel cells and methods for making the same |
JP2003346845A (ja) * | 2002-05-31 | 2003-12-05 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池の冷却装置 |
CN1930717A (zh) * | 2004-03-10 | 2007-03-14 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 燃料电池的冷却装置及冷却方法 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000292391A (ja) * | 1999-04-13 | 2000-10-20 | Ryusyo Industrial Co Ltd | 導電率センサ |
US6487904B1 (en) | 2000-11-09 | 2002-12-03 | Rosemont Aerospace Inc. | Method and sensor for mass flow measurement using probe heat conduction |
JP3671857B2 (ja) * | 2001-04-12 | 2005-07-13 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システムの導電率管理装置 |
JP2003036869A (ja) * | 2001-07-19 | 2003-02-07 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
DE10236845B8 (de) * | 2002-08-08 | 2006-07-06 | Reinz-Dichtungs-Gmbh | Brennstoffzelle mit integriertem Sensor |
JP4481577B2 (ja) * | 2003-02-28 | 2010-06-16 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
US7775105B2 (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2010-08-17 | Therm-O-Disc, Incorporated | Multi-function sensor |
FR2892234A1 (fr) * | 2005-10-18 | 2007-04-20 | Conception & Dev Michelin Sa | Pile a combustible avec installation de gestion des fluides integree |
US20090320563A1 (en) * | 2006-03-13 | 2009-12-31 | Hydranautics | Device for measuring permeate flow and permeate conductivity of individual reverse osmosis membrane elements |
JP2008204691A (ja) * | 2007-02-19 | 2008-09-04 | Nippon Soken Inc | 燃料電池システム |
FR2950740A1 (fr) | 2009-09-25 | 2011-04-01 | Michelin Soc Tech | Reacteur electrochimique, tel qu'une pile a combustible ou un electrolyseur, equipe d'un dispositif de mesure de la concentration en un gaz de l'un des gaz specifiques de l'operation dudit reacteur |
US20110087389A1 (en) * | 2009-10-09 | 2011-04-14 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Standby mode for optimization of efficiency and durability of a fuel cell vehicle application |
FR2976676B1 (fr) | 2011-06-15 | 2014-12-12 | Michelin Soc Tech | Dispositif de surveillance d'une batterie d'accumulation electrique et procede associe |
FR2982374B1 (fr) | 2011-11-04 | 2014-07-04 | Michelin Soc Tech | Dispositif de mesure de tensions dans une pile a combustible |
-
2012
- 2012-06-08 FR FR1255363A patent/FR2991814B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-06-07 US US14/406,299 patent/US9837672B2/en active Active
- 2013-06-07 EP EP13727889.1A patent/EP2859609B1/fr active Active
- 2013-06-07 JP JP2015515541A patent/JP2015522917A/ja active Pending
- 2013-06-07 WO PCT/EP2013/061823 patent/WO2013182687A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2013-06-07 CN CN201380030160.4A patent/CN104396071B/zh active Active
- 2013-06-07 KR KR1020157000105A patent/KR20150018619A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002184435A (ja) * | 2000-12-18 | 2002-06-28 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システムの保護装置 |
EP1282183A2 (en) * | 2001-07-27 | 2003-02-05 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Bipolar plates and end plates for fuel cells and methods for making the same |
JP2003346845A (ja) * | 2002-05-31 | 2003-12-05 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池の冷却装置 |
CN1930717A (zh) * | 2004-03-10 | 2007-03-14 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 燃料电池的冷却装置及冷却方法 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110556552A (zh) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-12-10 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | 燃料电池发动机监控系统及方法 |
CN110556552B (zh) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-06-22 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | 燃料电池发动机监控系统及方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2015522917A (ja) | 2015-08-06 |
FR2991814B1 (fr) | 2014-06-06 |
KR20150018619A (ko) | 2015-02-23 |
EP2859609B1 (fr) | 2016-03-30 |
CN104396071B (zh) | 2016-09-28 |
FR2991814A1 (fr) | 2013-12-13 |
US9837672B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 |
EP2859609A1 (fr) | 2015-04-15 |
WO2013182687A1 (fr) | 2013-12-12 |
US20150136352A1 (en) | 2015-05-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN104396071A (zh) | 燃料电池的冷却回路 | |
US6764782B2 (en) | Electrical isolation system for a fuel cell stack and method of operating a fuel cell stack | |
TWM569100U (zh) | 電池組 | |
CN101682060A (zh) | 燃料电池系统 | |
CN110828865B (zh) | 一种燃料电池热管理系统及方法 | |
KR102348105B1 (ko) | 버스바의 고장을 진단하기 위한 배터리 관리 시스템 및 방법 | |
JP2002216825A (ja) | 差動電圧測定を使用する燃料電池スタック冷却液導電率センサ | |
JP2006100005A (ja) | 燃料電池の漏電検出装置 | |
CN107210145B (zh) | 具有两个并联连接的电流通路的继电器 | |
CN106471700B (zh) | 电池保护板、电池和移动终端 | |
CN108682887A (zh) | 一种电池模组和动力电池系统 | |
JP5205986B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2007220559A (ja) | 燃料電池装置 | |
KR102324254B1 (ko) | 누수 감지 장치와 이를 포함하는 배터리 팩 및 자동차 | |
CN208443986U (zh) | 动力电池监控装置及包含该监控装置的动力电池系统 | |
JP5159569B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システムおよびその制御方法 | |
CN106100063B (zh) | 一种电池组均衡系统的均衡效果的验证方法 | |
CN106663958B (zh) | 电池保护板、电池和移动终端 | |
JP4155038B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
US11901533B2 (en) | Sealed battery module with cooling and heating | |
CN208240813U (zh) | 一种电池模组和动力电池系统 | |
JP4585767B2 (ja) | 燃料電池の監視装置 | |
CN206609583U (zh) | 探漏装置及电池管理系统 | |
KR20220090633A (ko) | 하나 이상의 2차전지 셀을 포함하는 배터리 팩 또는 모듈을 위한 배터리 안전 시스템 | |
US11764023B2 (en) | Systems and methods for providing fluid-affected fuses |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20171211 Address after: French Clermont Ferrand Patentee after: Michelin Soc Tech Address before: French Clermont Ferrand Co-patentee before: Conception Dev Michelin SA Patentee before: Michelin Soc Tech |
|
TR01 | Transfer of patent right |