CN104386896B

CN104386896B - A kind of aquaculture wastewater purifying treatment method

Info

Publication number: CN104386896B
Application number: CN201410652659.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 傅珍检
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: HANGZHOU DINGSHANYANG AGRICULT
Priority date: 2014-11-17
Filing date: 2014-11-17
Publication date: 2016-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 2034-11-17
Also published as: CN104386896A

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of aquaculture wastewater purifying treatment method, comprises in step pigsty the pig excrement discharged, enters methane-generating pit and carry out biogas fermentation; Through fermentation in 15 days to 1 month, in methane-generating pit, material was through stratification, was divided into the natural pond slag of bottom and the natural pond slag water aquaculture wastewater on top to leave standstill precipitation, and gained lower floor natural pond slag is dry; 2) slag water in natural pond is disposed to pool, lake or reservoir, plant on the water surface paddy rice and/or vegetables, underwater cultivation fish. Meanwhile, the method for the present invention utilizes kickboard planting technology, by happiness water farm crop from introducing a fine variety farmland on the river embankment of lake, it is possible to the double effects realizing extra earning He preventing water pollution. Water cultivating vegetables can make ammonia nitrogen decline 60% to 85%, total nitrogen decline 40% to 75%, total phosphorus decline 30% to 60%, sodium decline 8% to 12%, potassium decline 30% to 40%. Water cultivating vegetables, disease and pest relative land plantation reduces a lot; Vegetables waterborne have stopped any chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals completely.

Description

A kind of aquaculture wastewater purifying treatment method

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of waste water processing, specifically, it relates to the purifying method of a kind of aquaculture wastewater.

Background technology

China's national meat output in 2008 reaches 7278.7 ten thousand tons, but large-scale cultivation is while meeting living standards of urban and rural residents needs, and existing management mode also result in the unfavorable situation that animal dung urine volume is too much and washing water quantity is excessive. Thus derived day by day serious problem of environmental pollution not only affects Economic development, but also jeopardizes ecological safety. The feces of livestock and poultry chemical oxygen demand (COD) (COD) that agriculture production produces is considerably beyond China's trade effluent and sanitary sewage COD quantity discharged sum. Pollution from livestock and poultry has become the three major source of pollution after industrial pollution, domestic pollution, becomes the one of the main reasons of China's rural area pollution of area source.

Containing a large amount of pollutent in the waste water of livestock and poultry farm discharge, such as heavy metal, residue of veterinary drug and a large amount of pathogenic agent etc., therefore unprocessed just directly discharge or agricultural, the ecotope of meeting severe contamination locality. The harm of aquaculture sewage comprises: heavy metal contamination, residual animal medicine are polluted, microbial pathogen pollutes. Waste water of livestock poultry water yield fluctuation simultaneously is big, dregginess, organism and concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus height, and process technology is ripe not, management operating cost height. Current China has a lot of scale livestock farming to carry out the work for the treatment of of livestock breeding wastewater, but the wastewater treatment effluent quality overwhelming majority of scale livestock farming not yet reaches national grade one discharge standard, far away from the half of Industrial Wastewater Treatment compliance rate.

Bioremediation technology bioremediation technology refers to and utilizes microorganism and other biological, by the hazardous contaminant matter scene degraded in water body or soil, or is converted into the engineering technology system of nontoxic material. Practice shows, utilize cultivated plant to breed fish simultaneously, while removing useless water pollutant, resource is the direction that following waste water of livestock poultry processes to efficient recovery with utilizing, and is possible not only to the clearance of raising system, and the resource of recycling and the energy can also greatly reduce the running cost of system. Being combined with Sources controlling by end treatment, fundamentally reduce operation and the processing cost of waste water of livestock poultry process, promote cleaner production, the traditional mode of production pattern of reform enterprise is that waste water of livestock poultry will process primary development trend from now on.

Summary of the invention

For the weak point that this area exists, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of aquaculture wastewater purifying treatment method.

The technical scheme realizing the object of the invention is:

A kind of aquaculture wastewater purifying treatment method, it is characterised in that, comprise step:

1) the pig excrement discharged in pigsty, concentrates in the dirty pond of collection, then enters methane-generating pit and carry out biogas fermentation; Through fermentation in 15 days to 1 month, the biogas of generation combustion gas or the fuel used to generate electricity of doing manual labour; In methane-generating pit, material is through stratification, is divided into the natural pond slag of bottom and the natural pond slag water aquaculture wastewater on top to leave standstill precipitation, and gained lower sediment is dry;

2) step 1) gained natural pond slag water is disposed to pool, lake or reservoir, plant on the water surface paddy rice and/or vegetables, underwater cultivation hydrocoles;

Described vegetables are one or more in naked oats dish, mater convolvulus, water caltrop, taro; Described hydrocoles is one or more in grass carp, carp and black carp, bream, snakeheaded fish, loach, yellow eel, soft-shelled turtle.

3) after the drying of natural pond slag, and earth mixing, make the growth matrix of potted landscape vegetables.

The present inventor finds through production practice, step 2) in, natural pond slag water 30-100 ton is discharged in every mu of waters every year. This quantity discharged can effectively carry the growth of vegetables in waters, paddy rice, fishes and shrimps, it is not necessary to feeding.

Wherein, step 1) granulation after gained precipitation is dry, for potted landscape vegetables of planting, described potted landscape vegetables be selected from tomato, colorful capsicum, strawberry, celery, summer squash one or more.

Wherein, described step 2) in, the plant area of vegetables and paddy rice of the water surface accounts for pool, lake or reservoir water surface area 20%-80%.

Wherein, described step 2) in, the plant area of paddy rice of the water surface accounts for pool, lake or reservoir water surface area 10%-50%. When the paddy rice that the water surface is planted accounts for 40-60%, it may be preferred that underwater cultivation fish, based on grass carp, accounts for 50%-70%, and carp accounts for 10-30%, and tilapia accounts for 0-20%.

Further, described step 2) in, the plant area of vegetables of the water surface accounts for pool, lake or reservoir water surface area 30%-50%.

The method that the present invention proposes, not applying pesticides and fertilizer in growing process. The water surface only planted vegetables time, the area of vegetables of planting accounts for water surface area more than 30%, namely effectively can remove water pollutant and can ensure the growth of fish. As fruit vegetable planting area is less than 30%, in water body, pollutant removal reduces.

Preferably, described step 2) in, described underwater cultivation hydrocoles is that 300-1000 tail is thrown in every mu of waters.

Wherein, described step 2) in, lay artificial floating island at the water surface, described artificial floating island is that foam or plastics are made; Described artificial floating island surface has macropore and aperture, and the between centers of described macropore is 0.2��0.4m, rice cultivation and/or vegetables in macropore.

Wherein, described step 2) in, lay artificial floating island at the water surface, described artificial floating island is cystose or plastic wire; The surface perforate of described artificial floating island, the between centers in hole is 0.1��0.15m, planting vegetable in hole.

Nitrogen and phosphorus are the necessary nutritive elements of plant-growth, and waterplant can be utilized the effect of the absorption of nitrogen phosphorus in water, remove the nitrogen and phosphorus content in cultivation stain disease further. In this year, utilize kickboard planting technology, by happiness water-based farm crop as paddy rice, naked oats dish, mater convolvulus, water caltrop, taro etc. are transplanted to water surface, make growing process absorbs the nutritive substances such as the nitrogen, phosphorus and the inorganic salt that are rich in water body. This kind of method not only can effectively be administered body eutrophication etc. and be polluted, and farm crop of can gathering, it is achieved certain economic benefit.

Pig excrement is discharged into pool reservoir after precipitation, and the water surface of pool reservoir plants vegetables, and breeds fish under water; Unnecessary pig excrement also can be made into the cultivation that organic fertilizer acts on potted landscape vegetables. This cover " pig+fish+vegetables waterborne+potted landscape vegetables+nursery stock " pattern is real belongs to the up-to-date three-dimensional novel agricultural production model in the whole nation at present.

The inventive method has the following advantages

Agricultural breeding waste water contains high concentration organic contaminant, and direct discharge can cause natural water eutrophication, is seriously affected by rural area environment structure. Cultivation stain disease contains abundant organic nutrient substance, as long as properly disposing, just can realize recycling. Nitrogen and phosphorus are the nutritive elements that plant-growth is indispensable, are discharged into natural water with it, not as fully being recycled. The metabolism of the microorganism that this technology utilizes waterplant and adheres on it, absorption, storage effect, all have obvious removal effect to the total nitrogen in natural water and total phosphorus. Utilize common waterplant in pool, rural area to administer body eutrophication, there is the advantage of the low instant effect of cost, and contribute to setting up complicated coenosis, produce landscape function and ecologic effect, thus have broad application prospects. Meanwhile, this technology utilizes kickboard planting technology, by happiness water farm crop from introducing a fine variety farmland on the river embankment of lake, it is possible to the double effects realizing extra earning He preventing water pollution.

Through product quality supervision and inspection test center of the Ministry of Agriculture, water sample detection is determined, Water cultivating vegetables can make ammonia nitrogen decline 60% to 85%, total nitrogen decline 40% to 75%, total phosphorus decline 30% to 60%, sodium decline 8% to 12%, potassium decline 30% to 40%. Meanwhile, empirical tests: enter the demand that nutrient contained by the waste water of lake is applicable to vegetable growth, it is not necessary to add fertilizer; Water cultivating vegetables, disease and pest relative land plantation reduces a lot; Vegetables waterborne have stopped any chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals completely. This technology both can purify water, reduce environmental pollution, beautified surrounding environment, unnecessary dish leaf can be used as live pig green feed with cost-saving again, and can reduce the hyperpyrexia disease insect pest of pig.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1: the process flow sheet of the inventive method.

Fig. 2: for the artificial floating island of paddy rice of planting. In figure, 1 is chinampa, and 2 is macropore, and 3 is aperture.

Fig. 3: aquaculture wastewater purification process figure,

Fig. 4: a kind of aquaculture wastewater purifies schematic diagram of breeding fish.

Embodiment

Following examples are for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.

Unless stated otherwise, the technology used in the present invention means are the technique means of this area routine.

Embodiment 1

Flow process is shown in Fig. 1.

1) the pig excrement discharged in pigsty, concentrates in the dirty pond of collection, then enters methane-generating pit and carry out biogas fermentation; Through fermentation in 4-8 month, the biogas of generation combustion gas or the fuel used to generate electricity of doing manual labour; In methane-generating pit, material is through stratification, is divided into the natural pond slag of bottom and the natural pond slag water on top, and gained lower floor natural pond slag is dry; After the slag drying of natural pond, and earth mixing (blending ratio 1:4), make the growth matrix of potted landscape vegetables.

2) slag water in natural pond is disposed to pool, discharge in a year about 100 tons/mu, plant on the water surface of reservoir paddy rice and vegetables, underwater cultivation fish;

Described vegetables are naked oats dish; Described fish is grass carp is main 70%, and all the other are carp, and fry 1000 tail is thrown in every mu of waters. Process of growth does not need feeding.

The foam chinampa (see Fig. 2) of the areas such as water surface laying and floating net, the area of chinampa and floating net accounts for altogether water surface area 35%. Opening macropore 2 and aperture 3 on chinampa 1, big hole pitch 30 touches, and a strain rice seedling is planted in every hole; Aperture is not planted, for balancing and be vented, the mesh size of floating net be 0.15m, the seedling (Fig. 3) of a strain naked oats dish is planted in every hole.

Not applying pesticides and chemical fertilizer in paddy rice and vegetable growth process.

Planting after 4 months, the every index after degrading cultivation sewage reaches country poultry industry emission standard COD��150mg/L, NH₃-N��80mg/L, TP��8.0mg/L.

Embodiment 2

Described potted landscape vegetables be selected from tomato, colorful capsicum, strawberry, celery, summer squash one or more.

2) aquaculture wastewater leaves standstill precipitation gained supernatant liquid and is disposed to pool, the ratio discharge in 1 mu of waters about it is disposed to according to the sewage of the pigsty discharge of cultivation 20-30 head pig, the water surface of reservoir is planted vegetables, underwater cultivation fish, loach, yellow eel, snakeheaded fish, sum about 1000; Process of growth does not need feeding (Fig. 4).

Described vegetables are mater convolvulus.

The water surface lays floating net, and the area of floating net accounts for water surface area 80%. The mesh size of floating net is 0.15m, and the seedling of a strain mater convolvulus is planted in every hole. Mater convolvulus grows to about 30cm and carries out gathering for the first time, can again gather through 1-2 month.

Not applying pesticides and chemical fertilizer in vegetable growth process.

Inventor plants through for many years practice, successfully plant vegetables at the area of the water surface 80%, the free of contamination green food of pure natural (organic vegetable waterborne) the one mu of annual production 18000 jin obtained for 1 year, only need to investing Renminbi 1500 yuan to 3500 yuan for every mu, every mu of net return just can up to 15000-20000 unit/mu.

Aquaculture wastewater is after " ecosystem pollution control of new rural village cultivating wastewater purification and resource technology " processes, through product quality supervision and inspection test center of the Ministry of Agriculture, water sample detection is determined, it is disposed in water with aquaculture wastewater and initially compares, ammonia nitrogen decline 65%, total nitrogen decline 70%, total phosphorus decline 60%, sodium decline 8%, potassium decline 30%. Meanwhile, empirical tests: enter the demand that nutrient contained by the waste water of lake is applicable to vegetable growth, it is not necessary to add fertilizer; Water cultivating vegetables, disease and pest relative land plantation reduces a lot; Vegetables waterborne have stopped any chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals completely. This technology both can purify water, reduce environmental pollution, beautified surrounding environment, dish leaf can be used as live pig green feed with cost-saving again, and can reduce the hyperpyrexia disease insect pest of pig.

Although, above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, but on basis of the present invention, it is possible to it being made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.

Claims

1. an aquaculture wastewater purifying treatment method, it is characterised in that, comprise step:

1) the pig excrement discharged in pigsty, concentrates in the dirty pond of collection, then enters methane-generating pit and carry out biogas fermentation; Through fermentation in 15 days to 1 month, the biogas of generation combustion gas or the fuel used to generate electricity of doing manual labour; In methane-generating pit, material is through stratification, is divided into the natural pond slag of bottom and the natural pond slag water on top, and gained lower floor natural pond slag is dry;

2) step 1) gained natural pond slag water is disposed to pool, lake or reservoir, and natural pond slag water 30-100 ton is discharged in every mu of waters every year; The water surface is planted paddy rice and/or vegetables, wherein, the plant area of vegetables and paddy rice of the water surface accounts for pool, lake or reservoir water surface area 20%-80%, or, the plant area of paddy rice of the water surface accounts for pool, lake or reservoir water surface area 10%-50%, or the plant area of vegetables of the water surface accounts for pool, lake or reservoir water surface area 30%-50%;

Laying artificial floating island at the water surface, described artificial floating island is that foam or plastics are made; Described artificial floating island surface has macropore and aperture, and the between centers of described macropore is 0.2��0.4m, rice cultivation or vegetables in macropore, underwater cultivation hydrocoles; Described vegetables are one or more in naked oats dish, mater convolvulus, water caltrop, taro; Described hydrocoles is one or more in grass carp, carp and black carp, bream, snakeheaded fish, loach, yellow eel, soft-shelled turtle;

2. method according to claim l, it is characterised in that, step 1) granulation after the slag drying of gained natural pond, for potted landscape vegetables of planting, described potted landscape vegetables be selected from tomato, colorful capsicum, strawberry, celery, summer squash one or more.

3. method according to claim 1 and 2, described step 2) in, described underwater cultivation hydrocoles is that 300-1000 tail is thrown in every mu of waters.

4. method according to claim 1, described step 2) in, lay artificial floating island at the water surface, described artificial floating island is cystose or plastic wire; The surface perforate of described artificial floating island, the between centers in hole is 0.1��0.15m, planting vegetable in hole.