CN104380959B - Rapid cultivation method for loess plateau moss crusts - Google Patents
Rapid cultivation method for loess plateau moss crusts Download PDFInfo
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- CN104380959B CN104380959B CN201410586406.2A CN201410586406A CN104380959B CN 104380959 B CN104380959 B CN 104380959B CN 201410586406 A CN201410586406 A CN 201410586406A CN 104380959 B CN104380959 B CN 104380959B
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- moss
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- crusts
- moss crust
- loess
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid cultivation method for loess plateau moss crusts. The rapid cultivation method comprises the following steps: under the field natural condition, selecting well-developed moss crusts; by taking Didymodon vinealis as a dominant species, getting surface crusts by shoveling for later use, wherein the gotten surface crusts are 10mm thick; drying the collected moss crusts in the shade and removing impurities, and then, crushing with a plant crusher, and fully and evenly mixing to make moss crust seed sources; evenly spreading the made moss crust seed sources on the surface of bare loess at the inoculum concentration of 700g/m<2>; under the phytotron condition, cultivating for 40 days. According to the rapid cultivation method disclosed by the invention, through artificial inoculation and a method of setting illumination intensity, surface soil water content and the inoculum concentration, the high-cover degree moss crusts can be formed in 40 days; the rapid cultivation method disclosed by the invention is an effective method for rapidly forming the moss crusts under the indoor condition, and a reference can also be provided for the practice of the quick recovery of the loess plateau field moss crusts.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of environment engineering technology, a kind of fast breeding method of specially loess plateau moss crust.
Background technology
Biological Soil Crusts (biological soil crusts, bscs, referred to as " biological breadcrust ") are by the micro- life of soil
The plant groups such as thing, algae, lichens, liver moss and the organic complex of Zinc fractions, are widely present in arid, semiarid zone.
Constitute by primary biological, biological breadcrust can be divided into Algae preparation, lichens skinning and moss crust.Wherein, moss crust is loess
Plateau biological breadcrust develops the advanced stage of succession, because its biological components can change soil physical chemistry by physiological metabolism activity
Matter, promotes Zinc fractions and plant nutrient conversion, so that moss crust is being improved soil stability, improving soil nutrient, strengthen soil
Earth corrosion resistance and promote seed bank set up and the aspect such as settle down of vascular plant plays vital effect.
Under natural conditions, because the growth of biological breadcrust is subject to various environmental conditions, (such as soil texture, type, radiation is strong
Degree, landform etc.), many restrictions such as resources supplIes (moisture, nutrition) and vegetation, it is very slow, naked that it develops succession
Need to form stable moss crust in more than 15 years on dew loess.Meanwhile, moss crust to various interference (burn, trample,
Cal rolling etc.) very sensitive, it is interfered after destruction, needs the very very long time could recover again.Therefore, research impact
The key factor that moss crust is grown, realizes quickly breeding and the recovery of moss crust, for playing its actively ecological work(
Can have important practice significance.
Bryophyte is the dominant component of moss crust, and the formation to skinning cortex and maintenance have extremely important work
With.Correlative study shows, although bryophyte has powerful vegetative propagation and drought-resistant ability, it grows and nevertheless suffers from
The impact of each side factor such as moisture, illumination and temperature.Some scholars are also studied to this respect, and achieve
Understanding.However, conventional research is concentrated mainly on the desertes such as Tengger desert, Ku Buqi desert and ancient capital Xi'an
The bryophyte in the area bryophyte higher with some economic worths, medical value, and Gullied Rolling Loess Region is had bright
The research of the bryophyte of aobvious soil and water conservation effect is also rarely reported.
The existing at present patent with regard to biological breadcrust quickly breeding for Chinese patent (application) number is
200810035554.x patent provide the fast breeding method of a kind of desert muskeg and its biological breadcrust.
Prior art shortcoming: used in foregoing invention, liver moss introduces a collection is derived from arid-desert areas, due to moss crust
Grow and there are very big Spatial Variations, its result of study can not be relatively preferable in moisture condition, and soil, weather, plant
Capped condition is totally different from the direct popularization and application in Loess Plateau of Desert Area.
Content of the invention
In order to solve problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of quickly breeding of loess plateau moss crust
Method, by top layer (0-1cm) soil moisture content in control cultivating process, intensity of illumination, inoculum concentration (unit area liver moss stem
Leaf chip mass) three factors, carry out the culture experiment of moss crust using phjytotron, can be used for moss crust large area
Culture and the impaired skinning cortex of improvement, provide the prevention soil and water loss new way of a kind of low cost, high benefit for Loess Plateau.
Its technical scheme is:
A kind of fast breeding method of loess plateau moss crust, comprises the following steps:
1) in the wild under natural conditions, select well-developed moss crust, shovel takes top layer skinning, thickness is 10mm, standby
With；
2) moss crust of collection is dried in the shade after impurity removing, use plant pulverizer, pulverize 40 seconds, be sufficiently stirred for mixing system
Become moss crust introduces a collection；
3) by the moss crust introduces a collection of preparation, with inoculum concentration: unit area liver moss cauline leaf quality is as 700g/m2, uniformly spread
It is sowed at exposed loess soil table；
4) put into the indoor continuous cultivation of artificial climate 40 days, form moss crust.
Preferably, step 1) described in moss crust be to tooth moss (didymodon vinealis (brid.) with autochthonal
Zand.) it is sociales.
Preferably, step 2) described in plant pulverizer model flb100,28000 revs/min of rotating speed.
Preferably, step 3) described in broadcast sowing thickness be 5mm.
Preferably, step 4) described in artificial climate interior condition of culture be: temperature: 20 DEG C/10 DEG C of day night, air is wet
Degree: 60%, gas concentration lwevel: 400ppm, photoperiod: 12h, intensity of illumination: 1000lx, Surfaces soil water content: 25%-
30%.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
In the rare arid area of precipitation, many vascular plants cannot long term survival.Bryophyte has very strong
Physiology drought tolerance, it has extremely important effect to the formation of skinning cortex and maintenance.Related field study it has been shown that with
Bryophyte is that the moss crust of sociales has significant water and soil conservation, checks winds and fixes drifting sand, accumulates soil nutrient and promote soil
The effect that earth is formed.However, in the wild under nature, moss crust is developed slow, and existing research and technology are also mainly concentrated
In terms of cultivating desert muskeg skinning.Therefore, the present invention can fill up loess plateau moss crust technique for quickly cultivating aspect
The practice of blank, alternatively loess plateau moss crust fast quick-recovery is offered reference.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the fast breeding method flow chart of loess plateau of the present invention moss crust；
Fig. 2 is that riko cover degree is over time everywhere；
Fig. 3 be each process liver moss density over time；
Fig. 4 is that each process tests latter stage (the 60th day) Chlorophyll-a Content.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description technical scheme is described further.
The present invention carries out the most suitable growth environmental factor combination that contrast test determines loess plateau moss crust, designs three kinds
Factor, four levels of each factor (referring to table 1), test table (referring to table 2) row orthogonal experiment using five factor four horizontal quadrature.
By the cover degree of results of regular determination moss crust, density and Chlorophyll-a Content, preferably go out to cultivate the optimum factor group of moss crust
Close.Cover degree and density can intuitively reflect the upgrowth situation of moss crust, and chlorophyll a can reflect the biomass of moss crust.
Table 1 factor and level
Table 2l16(45) orthogonal arrage
1. materials and methods
1.1 material to be tested
1.1.1 moss crust sample
Moss crust sample pick up from domatic at Shaanxi Province Ansai County horse man ditch one (36 ° 47 ' 58 of north latitude ", 109 ° 15 ' of east longitude
32″).Sampled point main vegetation is caragana microphylla and willow, and moss crust cover degree is 80%.Measure through slide measure, moss crust is put down
All thickness is 11.45 ± 0.51mm (mean ± se, n=9).Take moss crust layer using scuppit shovel, load in clean polybag,
Transport laboratory back naturally to dry in the shade.Choose the plant residue that visually can debate, soil block, stone etc..Identified for examination moss skinning mainly by
Compared with Cong Xian section and Bryaceae plant constitution, including autochthonal to tooth moss (didymodon vinealis (brid.) zand.), little torsion
Mouth moss (barbula indica (hook.) spreng.) wrinkle leaf burr moss (trichostomum crispulum bruch.),
Long point is to tooth moss didymodon ditrichoides (broth.) x.j.li, true moss bryum ceaspiticium of growing thickly
Hedw. etc., with autochthonal to tooth moss (didymodon vinealis (brid.) zand.) as sociales.
1.1.2 culture medium soil
Culture medium soil collecting place is identical with moss crust collecting location.For eliminating the brood body being scattered in skinning cortex
Impact, removes ground moss crust and the soil layer of 0-5cm thickness first, and then pick takes 5-20cm soil layer.Reality is transported to after collection soil
Test room naturally to dry, after crossing 2mm sieve, place standby in the cool.
The preparation of 1.2 inoculation materials
First, the original state dried in the shade moss crust is pulverized with plant pulverizer, make seed soil.Accurately weigh 10g seed
Soil, is dipped in water, filters (liver moss cauline leaf diameter is all higher than 0.1mm, will not lose in filtration) with 0.1mm soil sieve, receives
Collection liver moss cauline leaf fragment, dries in the shade.After measured, in unit mass seed soil, liver moss plant cauline leaf chip mass is 120g/kg.Its
Secondary, seed soil is respectively 4: 0,3: 1,2: 2,1: 3 ratio uniform with culture medium loess according to mass ratio and mixes, obtain unit matter
Amount seed soil in cauline leaf chip mass be respectively 120,100,80, the inoculation material of 60g/kg, with loess plateau moss crust layer
Unit weight 1.15g/cm3After tiling 5mm, measure through preceding method, inoculum concentration (unit area moss crust cauline leaf chip mass) point
Be not: 700,550,400,250g/m2.
The preparation of 1.3 culture materials
Cultivating box (length: 242mm, 168mm, 50mm first.Bottom even is distributed the little of 9 a diameter of 6mm
Hole) bottom layer overlay gauze.Secondly, the substrate soil dried and cross after 2mm sieve is loaded and cultivate box, thickness is 40mm.Finally,
The inoculation material of different vaccination amount is tiled to matrix soil according to experimental design, thickness is 5mm.
1.4 moss crust incubation
Test completes in Chinese Academy Of Sciences Institute Of Soil And Water Ministry Of Water Resources Conservation's artificial climate interior.According to existing document report
Road, artificial climate Indoor Temperature degree, air humidity, gas concentration lwevel, photoperiod be fixed to 20/10 DEG C (day night),
60%th, 400ppm, 12h.Culture materials are placed cultivates on platform in the controlled environment chamber.By sunshade directly over Control experiment sample
The number of plies of net is realizing different illumination intensity.Each process is contained with 1 sample specific determination topsoil in 4 repeat samples
The water yield, in order to quickly measure, soil moisture content alcohol combustion method measures.At the test initial stage, measured topsoil every 1 day aqueous
Amount, later stage, measured once every 4 days.Process measured water content according to each, suitably adjust water spraying time, make table
Layer soil moisture content maintains setting range.In whole process of the test, every 10 days of moss crust growth indexes (cover degree and density)
Measure once, during off-test, measure chlorophyll a, the off-test when bio-crust coverage tends towards stability.
1.5 observation indexs and method
Strain density: uniformly choose the little frame of 9 2cm × 2cm in each culture box, count the liver moss strain number of little inframe, ask flat
Average；
Cover degree: using the point needle-like frame method of Li Xinrong, grid specification is 0.8cm × 0.8cm；
Chlorophyll a: in bscs research, Most scholars chlorophyll a represents biomass.Concrete assay method: utilize
Blank pipe samplers sample moss crust in the circle of a diameter of 1.6cm, each is cultivated box and adopts 4 areas is 2.01cm2, thickness be
The sample of 5mm.Sample is put into 0.1mm sieve, is rinsed with running water, so that moss crust plant is separated with soil, by liver moss plant
Put into mortar after drying, add a small amount of quartz sand, calcium carbonate and 3ml95% ethanol, grind to form homogenate, then plus 95% ethanol 5ml,
Continue to be ground to tissue turned pale.Standing 5min, is filled in 25ml brown volumetric flask, and with a small amount of 95% alcohol flushing for several times,
Till redgreen in the filter paper and residue, finally with 95% ethanol constant volume, colorimetric estimation pigment, with 95% ethanol as blank.
Mensuration absorbance under 665nm and 649nm.Calculate its concentration with equation below:
ρ=13.95 × a665nm-6.88 × a649nm；
W=ρ × v × n/s
In formula: ρ-chlorophyll-a concentration (mg l-1)；W- Chlorophyll-a Content (μ g cm-2)；
V- extracting liquid volume (ml)；N- extension rate；Sampling Area (the cm of s- sample2).
2 results and analysis
(1) change of moss crust cover degree
Cover degree is can intuitively to reflect the index that moss crust is grown.By measuring liver moss in different time sections
Bio-crust coverage draws: process 16 (top layer 0-1cm soil moisture content, intensity of illumination, inoculum concentration be respectively 25-30%, 1000lx,
700g/m2) it is the optimum factor combination cultivating loess plateau moss crust, its cover degree reaches 99% on the 40th day in cultivation,
Earth's surface is completely covered.Fig. 2 is for riko cover degree everywhere over time.
(2) change of moss crust density
Whole nurturing period liver moss density is as shown in Figure 3 over time: processes 1,2,3,4 liver moss density entirely real
It is in extremely low level (0.40-0.56 strain/cm during testing2).Process 5-16 liver moss density to be all stepped up in time, to reality
When testing the 40th day, process 16 liver moss density highests, reach 57.5 plants/cm2.Process 16 (Surfaces soil water content, intensity of illumination,
Inoculum concentration is respectively 25-30%, 1000lx, 700g/m2) it is the optimum factor combination cultivating loess plateau moss crust.
(3) change of moss crust biomass
Analysis different disposal experiment latter stage (the 60th day) Chlorophyll-a Content (Fig. 4) understands: experiment latter stage processes 16 chlorophyll
A content is significantly higher than other and processes (p ＜ 0.01), and (Surfaces soil water content, intensity of illumination, inoculum concentration are respectively 25- to process 16
30%th, 1000lx, 700g/m2) it is the optimum factor combination cultivating loess plateau moss crust.
Under the natural conditions of field, soil moisture content, intensity of illumination are wayward, may be selected precipitation is more, temperature is relatively low
In season (suggestion is at the beginning of autumn late summer), vegetative coverage is preferably regional (or the method taking Shading net covering), carries out loess plateau
The cultivation of moss crust.
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, protection scope of the present invention not limited to this, any ripe
Know those skilled in the art, in the technical scope of present disclosure, the technical scheme that can become apparent to
Simple transformation or equivalence replacement each fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of fast breeding method of loess plateau moss crust is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) in the wild under natural conditions, select well-developed moss crust, shovel takes top layer skinning, thickness is 10mm, standby, institute
State moss crust be with autochthonal to tooth moss as sociales；
2) moss crust of collection is dried in the shade after impurity removing, use plant pulverizer, pulverize 40 seconds, be sufficiently stirred for mixing and make tongue
Moss skinning introduces a collection；
3) by the moss crust introduces a collection of preparation, with inoculum concentration: unit area liver moss cauline leaf quality is 700g/ m2, uniform broadcasting in
Exposed loess soil table, the described thickness that broadcasts sowing is 5mm；
4) put into the indoor continuous cultivation of artificial climate 40 days, form moss crust, described artificial climate interior condition of culture is: temperature
Degree: 20 DEG C/10 DEG C of day night, air humidity: 60%, gas concentration lwevel: 400ppm, photoperiod: 12h, intensity of illumination:
1000lx, Surfaces soil water content: 25%-30%.
2. the fast breeding method of loess plateau according to claim 1 moss crust is it is characterised in that step 2) in institute
State model flb100 of plant pulverizer, 28000 revs/min of rotating speed.
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| CN106717234B (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-11-13 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A method of improving artificial culture mosses skinning drought-resistant ability |
| CN106900322A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-30 | 西北农林科技大学 | The engineering wound-surface Ecological recovery technology of moss crust |
| CN107135792A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-08 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | It is a kind of to be used for the method for restoration of the ecosystem to tooth moss |
| CN108782089A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-11-13 | 永嘉县原野园林工程有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of moss |
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| CN113287478A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-08-24 | 西北农林科技大学 | Rapid cultivation method for moss crusts |
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| CN114642162A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-06-21 | 常大君 | Cultivation method of trichophyton caninum |
| CN115304419A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-11-08 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Preparation method and application of moss cortex |
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| CN101268739B (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2011-06-29 | 上海交通大学 | Desert muskeg and biological breadcrust quick proliferation method thereof |
| CN102138508B (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2013-07-17 | 北京市农林科学院 | Method for greening and protecting steep road side slope by using biological crust |
| CN102204434B (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2013-04-17 | 北京市农林科学院 | Method for preventing water erosion desertification by using biological crust |
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