CN104379105B - 吸收性物品 - Google Patents

吸收性物品 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104379105B
CN104379105B CN201280073853.7A CN201280073853A CN104379105B CN 104379105 B CN104379105 B CN 104379105B CN 201280073853 A CN201280073853 A CN 201280073853A CN 104379105 B CN104379105 B CN 104379105B
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absorbed layer
absorbent commodity
layer
commodity according
width
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CN104379105A (zh
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S·弗雷德里克松
C·约翰松
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Ai Shui Health And Wellness Jsc
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SCA Hygiene Products AB
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/47—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins
    • A61F13/475—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins characterised by edge leakage prevention means
    • A61F13/4751—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins characterised by edge leakage prevention means the means preventing fluid flow in a transversal direction
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    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F13/4756—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins characterised by edge leakage prevention means the means preventing fluid flow in a transversal direction the means consisting of grooves, e.g. channels, depressions or embossments, resulting in a heterogeneous surface level
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种吸收性物品(1)例如卫生巾或失禁垫，其具有纵向侧缘和横向端缘并且包括流体可渗透的顶层(8)、流体不可渗透的底层(9)和位于所述顶层(8)与底层(9)之间的吸收芯(10)。吸收芯(10)包括具有延伸穿过其的开口(12)的第一吸收层(11)和位于所述第一吸收层(11)与所述底层(9)之间的流体流量控制结构(13)。第一吸收层(11)具有纵向前部(6)和纵向后部(7)以及位于所述前部(6)与所述后部(7)之间的狭窄横向过渡段(14)。所述狭窄横向过渡段(14)的宽度为所述第一吸收层(11)的所述前部(6)的最宽横向宽度的50‑75％并且所述开口(12)的纵向长度的20‑50％位于所述第一吸收层(11)的前部(6)内。

Description

吸收性物品
技术领域
本发明涉及一种吸收性物品例如卫生巾或失禁护垫，其包括具有延伸穿过其的开口的吸收芯。
背景技术
穿戴在普通内裤内的这类吸收性物品包括成人失禁或女性使用的吸收巾或吸收垫。
吸收巾或吸收垫通常设置有容纳和保持体液的吸收芯。为了使这种吸收性物品有效地起作用，从应用的观点来看吸收芯必须快速采集体液进入结构内并且随后将体液分布和贯穿吸收芯以提供最大的渗漏抑制。当随后的污物指向与之前的污物相同的局部区域时，联接于芯的采集/分布层和芯的开口是有帮助的，因为该局部区域趋于已填充了来自之前污物的液体。
因为这些物品的类型必须被调整尺寸和构造为适配在内衣裆部的有限空间内，特定问题是在物品的所有吸收能力被用完之前它们可能在侧缘处泄漏。流体相反地将在物品的顶层上流动并流到侧缘外，在此流体可能渗漏并且污染穿戴者的衣物。当流体在顶层外部上流动时，另一缺陷在于与身体接触的顶层的大部分将会潮湿。这当然是非常不希望的，因为它使得物品对穿戴者来说不健康和不合意。
过去已经做出了重大努力来克服与用于失禁或女性使用的吸收巾和吸收垫相关的侧漏问题。
WO 2009067059A1公开了一种包括吸收芯的吸收性物品，所述吸收芯具有折叠标记和成形元件以便获得物品的所需形状。虽然现有技术的设计可以在某种程度上减轻侧漏问题，仍然非常需要进一步改进用于穿戴在内衣裆部的这种吸收性物品的侧漏安全性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种减轻当前物品缺陷的改进方案。
本发明涉及根据权利要求1所述的一种吸收性物品。所述吸收性物品例如是卫生巾或失禁垫的物品，具有纵向侧缘和横向端缘，并且包括流体可渗透的顶层、流体不可渗透的底层和位于所述顶层与所述底层之间的吸收芯。所述吸收芯包括具有延伸穿过其的开口的第一吸收层和位于所述第一吸收层与所述底层之间的流体流量控制结构。所述第一吸收层具有纵向前部和纵向后部以及位于所述前部与所述后部之间的狭窄横向过渡段。所述狭窄横向过渡段的宽度是所述第一吸收层的所述前部的最宽横向宽度的50-75％且所述开口的纵向长度的20-50％位于所述第一吸收层的所述前部内。藉此可实现在使用期间保持就位且确保液体将指向开口并且进入流体流量控制结构和芯内的吸收性物品。
狭窄横向过渡段的宽度优选为第一吸收层的前部的最宽横向宽度的55-70％从而在穿戴者的肌腱后面实现良好的钩挂。狭窄横向过渡段的宽度可为第一吸收层的后部的最宽横向宽度的50-75％、优选55-70％，从而确保物品更好的适配。前部和后部的最宽横向宽度可约为75-170mm。狭窄横向过渡段的纵向延伸尺寸可为第一吸收层的纵向长度的5-20％从而进一步确保物品具有适当的适配并且在使用期间保持到位。第一吸收层的狭窄横向过渡段的宽度可能小于130mm并且大于30mm，优选小于90mm并且大于50mm，以便改进物品在穿戴者肌腱之间的适配。第一吸收层的纵向长度可为约230-400mm。
第一吸收层的前部可构成第一吸收层总纵向长度的20-40％。由于第一吸收层的前部相对于后部更短的纵向长度所致的物品的不对称形状进一步改进了物品的适配性和渗漏安全性。
第一吸收层具有延伸完全穿过该层的至少一个开口，藉此在物品内形成空腔。开口的纵向长度的20-50％、优选20-40％可位于第一吸收层的前部内以便确保所述孔相对于物品穿戴者肌腱的适当放置。第一吸收层内开口的纵向长度可为第一吸收层的纵向长度的10-60％、优选20-40％，以便确保流体流入开口内并且不位于顶层的外侧上。开口在第一吸收层的前部内的横向尺寸可大于开口在第一吸收层后部内的横向尺寸以便改进穿过孔且进一步进入流体流量控制结构的流体吸入。为了渗漏安全性和使用者对安全性的更好感受，第一吸收层可具有仅一个开口。
第二吸收层可位于流体流量控制结构与底层之间以便进一步增加物品的吸收能力。第二吸收层可具有小于第一吸收层的表面面积以便增强物品的碗形同时增加容量。第一吸收层可在吸收性物品内比第二吸收层进一步向前和向后延伸。物品可包括一个或多个其它吸收层。
流体流量控制部件设置在第一吸收层与底层之间，但也可设置在第一吸收层与第二吸收层之间。第一吸收层可被放置在顶层下面并与顶层直接接触，或可以可选地被放置为通过一个或多个中间构件例如棉纸层、采集层或其它吸收层与顶层间接接触。同样地，第二吸收层可被直接放置在流体流量控制部件下面并且与流体流量控制部件和底层直接接触，或可通过中间构件与那些构件之一或二者间接接触。通过在第一与第二吸收层之间设置流体流量控制部件，它在吸收性物品内形成通道并且将流体引导至物品的后部和前部。流体流量控制部件与吸收芯之间的接触面积的增加有利于物品内液体的分布和迅速吸收。
吸收性物品为失禁垫或卫生巾的形式，并且可用于女性或失禁使用，并且当沿各个方向充分伸展时可具有细长形、大体长方形的形状。在这方面，大体长方形的形状也意图包括例如吸收性物品的拐角可为圆化的，或吸收性物品的边缘可能不是完全线性的。吸收性物品可具有等长且大体沿相同方向延伸的两个纵向侧缘。
出于渗漏安全性，吸收性物品的顶层和底层可沿物品的整个外围共同在第一吸收层外侧侧向延伸且在吸收芯周缘周围的边缘接头内彼此连接。顶层可优选地覆盖底层的一部分以形成边缘阻挡件。
顶层可由适合于该目的的任何材料组成，即柔软的和液体可透过的材料。顶层材料的示例是无纺材料、穿孔塑料膜、塑料或纺织网以及流体可渗透的泡沫层。也可采用两个或更多顶层材料组成的层合件，就像在面对穿戴者的流体可渗透的表面的不同部分内由不同材料组成的顶层那样。
底层是流体不可渗透的。然而，特别是在预计吸收相对较小数量尿液的情形下使用仅防流体的底层材料。底层可为薄的、柔性的、流体不可渗透的塑料膜例如聚乙烯或聚丙烯膜，但流体不可渗透的无纺材料、流体不可渗透的泡沫和流体不可渗透的层合件在本发明的范围内也是可以预期到的。底层优选为可透气的，暗示着空气和蒸汽可穿过底层。此外，底层可具有纺织材料例如无纺布构成的面对衣服的外表面。
吸收芯包括第一吸收层。它可包括仅一个吸收层，但也可包括第二或其它吸收层。吸收芯可由任何适宜的吸收或流体吸入材料组成，例如一层或多层纤维素短纤浆、泡沫、高蓬松材料等等。吸收芯可包含通常公知为超吸收体的高吸收聚合物材料构成的纤维或颗粒，超吸收体为具有一旦形成水凝胶则吸收和保持大量流体的能力的材料。超吸收体可与纤维素短纤浆混合和/或可设置在吸收芯的袋或层内。纤维可为纸浆纤维并且超吸收材料可为基于聚丙烯酸酯的颗粒。吸收结构可包括40-80％的超吸收体和60-20％的纸浆纤维。吸收芯可进一步合并用于改进吸收芯特性的组成部分。这种组成部分的某些示例是粘合纤维、流体分散材料、湿度指示器、流体采集材料等等。
吸收层可为均匀结构或自身可为分层结构，例如相同或不同材料构成的吸收层合件。吸收层可具有均匀厚度或在层的不同部分内厚度不同。同样地，基重和组分可在吸收层内变化。举例来说，吸收层可包括吸收性和/或非吸收性纤维和超吸收材料的混合物，其中超吸收材料与纤维的比率可在层中变化。作为铰链的一个或多个压缩线可有利地设置在相对坚硬的第一吸收层内以便于吸收性物品的折叠。
顶层优选向下延伸进入由第一吸收层内的开口和流体流量控制结构的面对顶层的表面所限定的空腔内。藉此，空腔将衬有顶层材料并且可从吸收性物品的面对身体的外表面够到它。收集在空腔内的一部分流体可穿过空腔壁被第一吸收层所吸收。然而，大部分流体将在吸收性物品内穿过空腔底部继续向下并且进入流体流量控制部件，在此处流体沿流量控制部件纵向和侧向地分布。
流体流量控制部件可为长方形形状并且沿纵向和侧向被吸收芯的部分所包围。也可使用用于流体流量控制结构的其它形状和构造。然而，如果流体流量控制部件具有比吸收芯小的宽度并且短于吸收芯则是有利的，因为这有利于分布至较大面积的吸收芯。
弹性部件可至少在所述第一吸收层的所述前部与所述后部之间所述狭窄横向过渡段的横向外侧沿所述卫生巾的每个纵向侧缘设置，从而进一步改进物品的形状。弹性部件优选位于顶层与底层之间。吸收性物品具有优选沿第一吸收层的每个侧缘定位且基本上不含吸收材料的空隙以便获得修长的形状并且改进穿戴者身上物品的适配性。空隙可在位于物品周缘处的弹性件与第一吸收层的周缘之间的区域内位于第一吸收层的狭窄横向过渡段附近。
吸收性物品可进一步包括用于在支撑裤服例如内裤内部紧固吸收性物品的紧固装置。所述紧固装置可以被可释放的保护层所覆盖。
附图说明
下面将参照附图更贴切地描述本发明，其中：
图1是根据本发明的吸收性物品的第一吸收层和流体流量控制结构的平面图。
图2是沿图1中直线II-II的横截面图。
图3是根据本发明的吸收性物品的实施例的平面图。
图4是沿图3中直线II-II的横截面图。
图5是图3的吸收性物品的3D分解图。
图6是根据本发明的吸收性物品的实施例的侧视图。
具体实施方式
下面将通过示例性实施例更贴切地描述本发明。但是本发明可以不同形式实施并且不应当被诠释为局限于附图和对其描述的实施例。
图3示意性地公开了失禁垫形式的吸收性物品1，从当穿戴物品1时从意图面向穿戴者身体的一侧来观察而得。物品1具有两个等长的和大体沿相同方向延伸的纵向侧缘2、3。前、后端缘4、5在物品1的末端处横向延伸。后端缘5意图在物品1的使用期间向后定向，并且前端缘4意图朝穿戴者的腹部面向前。物品1包括流体可渗透的顶层8、流体不可渗透的底层9以及封闭在顶层8与底层9之间且具有第一吸收层11和流体流量控制结构13的吸收芯10，如图4所示。图3-5中的芯包括位于流体流量控制结构13与底层9之间的第二吸收层15。物品1的顶层8和底层9被示为沿整个外围共同侧向延伸到第一吸收层11的外侧并且在围绕物品1的周缘的边缘接头内彼此连接。边缘接头可以本领域已知的任何适宜的方式形成，例如通过粘着剂、超声波结合、热结合、缝合等等。顶层8和底层9可由此处公开的适用于特定目的的任何材料组成，例如无纺物或膜材料。
弹性部件16例如弹性材料带如泡沫弹性件沿第一吸收层11的纵向侧缘设置在顶层8与底层9之间。弹性件位于狭窄横向过渡段14外侧的区域内，该狭窄横向过渡段位于第一吸收层11的前部6与后部7之间。空隙17位于弹性部件16与狭窄横向过渡段14之间的区域内，即第一吸收层11的狭窄横向过渡段的侧向外侧。空隙17基本上不含吸收材料。空隙提供了物品的修长形状并且改进了物品在穿戴者身上的适配性从而减少了侧漏。
图1和2示出具有从其延伸穿过的开口12的第一吸收层11。流体流量控制结构13位于第一吸收层11下面。第一吸收层11如图1所示具有纵向前部6和纵向后部7以及位于前部6与后部7之间的狭窄横向过渡段14。狭窄横向过渡段14的宽度是第一吸收层11的前部6的最宽横向宽度的50-75％和第一吸收层11的后部7的最宽横向宽度的50-75％，例如65mm。前部6和后部7的最宽横向宽度可为约75-170mm，例如100mm。狭窄横向过渡段14的纵向延伸尺寸是第一吸收层11的纵向长度的5-20％。第一吸收层的前部是第一吸收层的纵向长度的20-40％。第一吸收层11的纵向长度可为约230-400mm，例如300mm。
如图3所示的吸收性物品1当沿各个方向充分伸展时具有细长形、大体长方形的形状。单词“大体”在这方面意味着例如失禁防护品1的拐角可为圆化的，或失禁保护品1的边缘可能不是完全线性的。
吸收性物品1可进一步具有用于将物品1紧固在支撑裤服例如内裤内侧的紧固装置(图中未示出)。所述紧固装置可为设置在底层9的面对衣服的表面上且由压敏粘结剂构成的两个纵向延伸带的形式。紧固装置可以被可释放的保护层所覆盖。保护层可为硅化纸、无纺布或本领域已知的任何其它可释放的材料。在将失禁保护品放置在支撑裤服内之前，从紧固装置移除保护层从而暴露粘着剂并且令其可用于紧固于裤服。
紧固装置是本发明可选的并且若需要可被省略。当使用粘着剂紧固装置时，可使用任何适宜的粘着剂图案，例如底层的完全涂层、一个或多个纵向粘着带、横向带、点、圆、曲线、星星等等。此外，紧固装置可为机械紧固件例如钩型紧固件、夹片、按扣等等或可为摩擦紧固件例如摩擦涂层或开孔泡沫。不同类型紧固件的组合也是可以想象的。
吸收性物品1的吸收芯10如图3所示包括第一吸收层11和第二吸收层15。吸收层可包括吸收性和/或非吸收性纤维以及超吸收材料的混合物。流体流量控制结构13设置在第一吸收层11与第二吸收层15之间。在图3的吸收性物品1中，第一吸收层11被放置在顶层8下面并且与顶层8直接接触。
第二吸收层15被示为具有大体长方形的形状。第二吸收层15被放置在第一吸收层11下面。第二吸收层15稍微小于第一吸收层11从而第一吸收层11在吸收性物品1内向前和向后延伸超出第二吸收层15。吸收层的尺寸和形状可能不同于附图所示而不偏离本发明。此外，第二吸收层15可在根据本发明的吸收性物品1内被省略，或物品1可包括一个或多个其它吸收层。
第一吸收层11具有延伸完全穿过该层11的开口12。第一吸收层11可具有不同形状和构造的一个或多个开口12。但是优选一个细长形开口12。开口12的纵向长度是第一吸收层的纵向长度的10-60％。开口的长度可为例如约100mm。开口12被定位成使得其纵向长度的20-50％在第一吸收层11的前部6内。开口12在第一吸收层11的前部6内的横向尺寸大于开口12在第一吸收层11的后部7内的横向尺寸。开口12在物品的使用中被直接放置在尿道和女性穿戴者的阴道开口下面。任何释放至吸收性物品1的体液将直接收集在开口12内并且临时地容纳在其内直至它进一步分布进入和贯穿吸收芯10。
在图4中，顶层8不向下延伸进入由第一吸收层11内的开口12和流体流量控制结构13的面对顶层的表面所限定的空腔，但也可优选这样做。收集在开口12内的一部分流体可穿过开口12内第一吸收层的壁被第一吸收层所吸收。但是，大部分流体将在吸收性物品1内继续向下并且进入流体流量控制结构13，在此它沿流量控制结构13纵向和侧向分布。
流体流量控制结构13如图1-5所示为长方形形状并且沿纵向和横向被吸收层11、15的部分所包围。如果流体流量控制结构13具有比吸收层11、15小的宽度并且还优选短于吸收层11、15，则大体是有利的。
流体流量控制结构13可为三层结构，由非穿孔纤维聚合层夹在第一穿孔聚合层与第二穿孔聚合层之间而组成。
吸收性物品1内的构件可通过传统方法例如结构粘着剂、热结合、超声波结合等等相互连接。不一定要通过特殊的结合装置将失禁保护品的内部构件彼此结合。因此，这些构件通过摩擦力被保持在一起就足够了。
图6是根据本发明的物品1的示例性实施例的侧视图。第一吸收层的前部6与后部7之间的狭窄横向过渡段14提供了物品在穿戴者身上的更好适配性，其通过空隙17和弹性部件16被进一步增强。

Claims (20)

1.一种吸收性物品(1)，具有纵向侧缘(2,3)和横向端缘(4,5)，并且包括流体可渗透的顶层(8)、流体不可渗透的底层(9)和位于所述顶层(8)与所述底层(9)之间的吸收芯(10)，所述吸收芯(10)包括具有延伸穿过其的开口(12)的第一吸收层(11)和位于所述第一吸收层(11)与所述底层(9)之间的流体流量控制结构(13)，其特征在于，所述第一吸收层(11)具有纵向前部(6)和纵向后部(7)以及位于所述前部(6)与所述后部(7)之间的狭窄横向过渡段(14)，所述狭窄横向过渡段(14)的宽度是所述第一吸收层(11)的所述前部(6)的最宽横向宽度的50-75％并且所述开口(12)的纵向长度的20-50％位于所述第一吸收层(11)的所述前部(6)内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的吸收性物品，其中所述吸收性物品(1)为卫生巾或失禁垫。
3.根据权利要求1所述的吸收性物品，其中所述狭窄横向过渡段(14)的宽度为所述第一吸收层(11)的所述后部(7)的最宽横向宽度的50-75％。
4.根据权利要求3所述的吸收性物品，其中所述狭窄横向过渡段(14)的宽度为所述第一吸收层(11)的所述后部(7)的最宽横向宽度的55-70％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的吸收性物品，其中所述狭窄横向过渡段(14)的宽度为所述第一吸收层(11)的所述前部(6)的最宽横向宽度的55-70％。
6.根据权利要求2所述的吸收性物品，其中所述狭窄横向过渡段(14)的宽度为所述第一吸收层(11)的所述前部(6)的最宽横向宽度的55-70％。
7.根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的吸收性物品，其中所述狭窄横向过渡段(14)的纵向延伸尺寸是所述第一吸收层(11)的纵向长度的5-20％。
8.根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的吸收性物品，其中所述开口(12)的纵向长度的20-40％位于所述第一吸收层(11)的所述前部(6)内。
9.根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的吸收性物品，其中所述第一吸收层(11)内所述开口(12)的纵向长度是所述第一吸收层(11)的纵向长度的10-60％。
10.根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的吸收性物品，其中所述第一吸收层(11)内所述开口(12)的纵向长度是所述第一吸收层(11)的纵向长度的20-40％。
11.根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的吸收性物品，其中所述开口(12)在所述第一吸收层(11)的所述前部(6)内的横向尺寸比所述开口(12)在所述第一吸收层(11)的所述后部(7)内的横向尺寸大。
12.根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的吸收性物品，其中所述第一吸收层(11)的所述前部(6)构成所述第一吸收层(11)的总纵向长度的20-40％。
13.根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的吸收性物品，其中所述第一吸收层(11)的所述狭窄横向过渡段(14)的宽度小于130mm且大于30mm。
14.根据权利要求13所述的吸收性物品，其中所述第一吸收层(11)的所述狭窄横向过渡段(14)的宽度小于90mm且大于50mm。
15.根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的吸收性物品，其中所述第一吸收层(11)仅包括一个开口(12)。
16.根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的吸收性物品，其中一第二吸收层(15)位于所述流体流量控制结构(13)与所述底层(9)之间。
17.根据权利要求16所述的吸收性物品，其中所述第二吸收层(15)具有比所述第一吸收层(11)小的表面积。
18.根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的吸收性物品，其中所述顶层(8)和所述底层(9)在所述第一吸收层(11)的侧向外侧共同延伸。
19.根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的吸收性物品，其中至少在所述第一吸收层(11)的所述前部(6)与所述后部(7)之间所述狭窄横向过渡段(14)的侧向外侧沿所述卫生巾的每个纵向侧缘设置有弹性部件(16)。
20.根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的吸收性物品，其中所述吸收性物品(1)具有基本上不含吸收材料的空隙(17)，所述空隙位于所述第一吸收层(11)的所述狭窄横向过渡段(14)的侧向外侧。
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