CN104371228A - 一种再生碳纤维增强聚偏氟乙烯复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种再生碳纤维增强聚偏氟乙烯复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104371228A
CN104371228A CN201410620342.3A CN201410620342A CN104371228A CN 104371228 A CN104371228 A CN 104371228A CN 201410620342 A CN201410620342 A CN 201410620342A CN 104371228 A CN104371228 A CN 104371228A
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polyvinylidene fluoride
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袁角亮
宋晨晨
杨斌
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种再生碳纤维增强聚偏氟乙烯复合材料及其制备方法,该方法包括以下步骤:称取5-40份的再生碳纤维加入到高混机中,然后加入0.1-3份的表面处理剂对再生碳纤维进行表面处理;再按配比称取60-95份PVDF,0.1-0.6份润滑剂,0.1-0.5份抗氧剂,0-20份填料于高混机中,混合均匀;将步骤(2)混合均匀的原料加入到双螺杆机中熔融共混,挤出,水冷,拉条切粒得再生碳纤维增强的PVDF复合材料。与现有技术相比,本发明再生碳纤维增强PVDF复合材料密度低,强度高,力学性能优异,具有节能环保、成本低等优点。

Description

一种再生碳纤维增强聚偏氟乙烯复合材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料回收技术领域,具体涉及一种再生碳纤维增强聚偏氟乙烯复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)具有质轻、高强度、高模量等优异的性能,是其他玻璃纤维增强复合材料所无法比拟的,因此被广泛的应用于航空航天、汽车工业、轨道交通、新能源、体育用品等高新技术产业领域。随着经济的高速发展,CFRP在各个领域的使用量迅猛增长,所产生的废弃树脂也与日俱增,而废弃的CFRP中的成份都不可降解,若直接丢弃到环境中的话,一方面会给环境带来严重的污染;另一方面,这些废弃的CFRP中往往含有60%左右的高附加值碳纤维,而碳纤维的生产是一个高耗能的过程,若不加以回收利用也将造成资源的严重浪费。
聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)在氟塑料中具有最强韧性、低摩擦系数、耐腐蚀性强、耐老化性、耐气候,耐辐照性能好等特点,因此被广泛的应用于涂料、石油化工设备管道、功能膜等领域。但是PVDF自身强度低,限制了其在某些对制品强度要求较高领域的应用。为了改善PVDF的强度,一种方法是将其与其他工程塑料共混,如ABS等(如文献“聚偏氟乙烯-ABS复合材料”所述);另一种方法可以采用填充改性技术提高PVDF的强度(如文献“碳材料填充改性聚偏氟乙烯复合体系的结构与性能”所述)。这些方法一方面对PVDF的强度提高有限,另一方面对PVDF本身所具有的其他优异性能损失较大,或是增强后材料的改性成本较高。而再生碳纤维具有很高的强度,力学性能优异;用其来增强改性PVDF,不仅可以赋予PVDF高强度特性,同时还可以很好的保持PVDF其他方面的优异性能;另外,再生碳纤维成本低,所以还可以赋予改性的PVDF材料高的性价比,增强产品的市场竞争力。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种节能环保的高浸润性高强度连续碳纤维增强聚偏氟乙烯复合材料及其制备方法。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现:一种再生碳纤维增强聚偏氟乙烯复合材料及其制备方法,其特征在于,包含以下重量份的组分:
所述的再生碳纤维是从废弃的CFRP中回收所得,切割成短切碳纤维,碳纤维长度为0.5mm-10mm。所述的聚偏氟乙烯为市售,无特别要求。
所述的表面处理剂为硅烷偶联剂,钛酸酯偶联剂和铝酸酯偶联剂中的一种或一种以上。
由于再生碳纤维和树脂基体的表面极性相差较大,两者的相容性差,尤其是再生碳纤维的表面处理剂在回收的过程中都被破坏,甚至有些再生碳纤维表面有些损伤,采用表面处理剂对再生碳纤维表面处理,可以改善其表面极性,提高与树脂基体的相容性。
所述的润滑剂为硬脂酸、硬脂酸钙、聚乙烯腊、白油、乙撑双硬脂酰胺(EBS)中的一种或一种以上。
所述的抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂1076、抗氧剂1098、抗氧剂168、抗氧剂DSTDP中的一种或一种以上。
所述的填料为碳酸钙、滑石粉、云母、蒙脱土等无机填料,优选粒径为800-3000目。
一种再生碳纤维增强聚偏氟乙烯复合材料及其制备方法的制备方法,其特征在于,该方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按上述配比,称取5-40份的再生碳纤维加入到高混机中,然后加入0.1-3份的表面处理剂对再生碳纤维进行表面处理;
(2)再按配比称取60-95份PVDF,0.1-0.6份润滑剂,0.1-0.5份抗氧剂,0-20份填料于高混机中,混合均匀;
(3)将步骤(2)混合均匀的原料加入到双螺杆机中熔融共混,挤出,水冷,拉条切粒得再生碳纤维增强的PVDF复合材料。
步骤(3)所述的双螺杆挤出机为同向或异向双螺杆挤出机,挤出机温度为160-210℃,螺杆转速为200-350rpm,螺杆长径比L/D为30-50∶1。
与现有技术相比,本发明所提供的再生碳纤维增强PVDF复合材料密度低,强度高,力学性能优异,采用再生碳纤维作为增强改性组分,以较低的成本实现了对PVDF的高性能改性;同时该复合材料使废弃的CFRP材料得以重新利用,减少了其对环境的污染,增加了其附加值,节能环保;得到的复合材料可以广泛的应用于汽车、电子电器、家电、机械等产品零部件。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
以下实施例中,弯曲性能测试标准为ASTM D790,无缺口冲击强度测试标准为ASTM D256。
实施例1
(1)称取20份再生碳纤维于高混机中,碳纤维长度为10mm,然后加入0.1份硅烷偶联剂KH550表面处理再生碳纤维。
(2)称取80份PVDF,0.1份硬脂酸钙,0.3份抗1010,0.1份抗168于高混机中混合均匀。
(3)将混合均匀的原料加入双螺杆挤出机中,熔融共混,挤出,拉条切粒得所需的再生碳纤维增强PVDF复合材料,双螺杆挤出机各区温度为:一区160℃,二区170℃,三区170℃,四区180℃,五区180℃,六区190℃,七区190℃,八区200℃,九区200℃,十区190℃,机头185℃;螺杆转速350rpm,长径比L/D=30/1。
实施例2
(1)称取10份再生碳纤维于高混机中,碳纤维长度为0.5mm,然后加入1份硅烷偶联剂KH560表面处理再生碳纤维。
(2)称取90份PVDF,0.3份硬脂酸,0.1份抗1076,0.1份抗168,5份1250目碳酸钙于高混机中混合均匀。
(3)将混合均匀的原料加入双螺杆挤出机中,熔融共混,挤出,拉条切粒得所需的再生碳纤维增强PVDF复合材料,双螺杆挤出机各区温度为:一区160℃,二区170℃,三区170℃,四区180℃,五区180℃,六区190℃,七区190℃,八区200℃,九区200℃,十区190℃,机头185℃;螺杆转速250rpm,长径比L/D=40/1。
实施例3
(1)称取30份再生碳纤维于高混机中,碳纤维长度为3mm,然后加入3份钛酸酪偶联剂异丙基三(十二烷基苯磺酰基)钛酸酯表面处理再生碳纤维。
(2)称取70份PVDF,0.6份聚乙烯蜡,0.2份抗1098,0.2份抗168、3000目滑石粉10份于高混机中混合均匀。
(3)将混合均匀的原料加入双螺杆挤出机中,熔融共混,挤出,拉条切粒得所需的再生碳纤维增强PVDF复合材料,双螺杆挤出机各区温度为:一区160℃,二区170℃,三区170℃,四区180℃,五区180℃,六区190℃,七区190℃,八区200℃,九区200℃,十区190℃,机头185℃;螺杆转速300rpm,长径比L/D=50/1。
实施例4
(1)称取40份再生碳纤维于高混机中,碳纤维长度为5mm,然后加入3份铝酸酯偶联剂二硬脂酰氧异丙基铝酸酯表面处理再生碳纤维。
(2)称取60份PVDF,0.5份白油,0.3份抗DSTDP,0.2份抗168、2份800目蒙脱土于高混机中混合均匀。
(3)将混合均匀的原料加入双螺杆挤出机中,熔融共混,挤出,拉条切粒得所需的再生碳纤维增强PVDF复合材料,双螺杆挤出机各区温度为:一区160℃,二区170℃,三区170℃,四区180℃,五区180℃,六区190℃,七区190℃,八区200℃,九区200℃,十区190℃,机头185℃;螺杆转速300rpm,长径比L/D=50/1。
实施例5
(1)称取5份再生碳纤维于高混机中,碳纤维长度为3mm,然后加入0.2份钛酸酯偶联剂异丙基三(十二烷基苯磺酰基)钛酸酯表面处理再生碳纤维。
(2)称取95份PVDF,0.3份EBS,0.3份抗1010,0.1份抗168、20份1250目云母于高混机中混合均匀。
(3)将混合均匀的原料加入双螺杆挤出机中,熔融共混,挤出,拉条切粒得所需的再生碳纤维增强PVDF复合材料,双螺杆挤出机各区温度为:一区160℃,二区170℃,三区170℃,四区180℃,五区180℃,六区190℃,七区190℃,八区200℃,九区200℃,十区190℃,机头185℃;螺杆转速300rpm,长径比L/D=30/1。
各实施例力学性能测试结果如下表1所示:
表1 力学性能测试结果
从上表中力学性能测试结果分析可知,采用再生碳纤维增强的PVDF复合材料强度高,力学性能优异,符合对性能要求较高的场合使用。
上述的对实施例的描述是为便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和应用本发明。熟悉本领域技术的人员显然可以容易地对实施例做出各种修改,并把此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此,本发明不限于这里的实施例,本领域技术人员根据本发明的揭示,不脱离本发明范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种再生碳纤维增强聚偏氟乙烯复合材料,其特征在于,包含以下重量份的组分:
2.根据权利要求1所述的再生碳纤维增强聚偏氟乙烯复合材料,其特征在于,所述的再生碳纤维是从废弃的CFRP中回收所得,切割成短切碳纤维,碳纤维长度为0.5mm-10mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的再生碳纤维增强聚偏氟乙烯复合材料,其特征在于,所述的表面处理剂为硅烷偶联剂,钛酸酯偶联剂和铝酸酯偶联剂中的一种或一种以上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的再生碳纤维增强聚偏氟乙烯复合材料,其特征在于,所述的润滑剂为硬脂酸、硬脂酸钙、聚乙烯腊、白油、乙撑双硬脂酰胺(EBS)中的一种或一种以上。
5.根据权利要求1所述的再生碳纤维增强聚偏氟乙烯复合材料,其特征在于,所述的抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂1076、抗氧剂1098、抗氧剂168、抗氧剂DSTDP中的一种或一种以上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的再生碳纤维增强聚偏氟乙烯复合材料,其特征在于,所述的填料为碳酸钙、滑石粉、云母、蒙脱土等无机填料,优选粒径为800-3000目。
7.一种如权利要求1所述的再生碳纤维增强聚偏氟乙烯复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,该方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按上述配比,称取5-40份的再生碳纤维加入到高混机中,然后加入0.1-3份的表面处理剂对再生碳纤维进行表面处理;
(2)再按配比称取60-95份PVDF,0.1-0.6份润滑剂,0.1-0.5份抗氧剂,0-20份填料于高混机中,混合均匀;
(3)将步骤(2)混合均匀的原料加入到双螺杆机中熔融共混,挤出,水冷,拉条切粒得再生碳纤维增强的PVDF复合材料。
8.根据权利要求7所述的高浸润性高强度连续碳纤维增强聚偏氟乙烯复合材料,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述的双螺杆挤出机为同向或异向双螺杆挤出机,挤出机温度为160-210℃,螺杆转速为200-350rpm,螺杆长径比L/D为30-50∶1。
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CN115382396A (zh) * 2022-08-15 2022-11-25 无锡零界净化设备股份有限公司 一种亲水型pvdf微孔滤膜的铸膜液制备方法
CN115382396B (zh) * 2022-08-15 2024-02-23 无锡零界净化设备股份有限公司 一种亲水型pvdf微孔滤膜的铸膜液制备方法

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